【優(yōu)化方案】2021高考英語(yǔ)(外研版)總復(fù)習(xí)階段綜合檢測(cè)(四)

階段綜合檢測(cè)(四)(時(shí)間：100分鐘；滿分120分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1．—Haveyoumovedinto________newteachingbuilding?—No，thebuildingisunder________construction.A．a(chǎn)；the B．the；/C．/；the D．/；/2．Onereasonforher________forcitylifeisthatshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A．reference B．preferenceC．performance D．consequence3．AlthoughWhitneyHoustonhadbeenillforalongtime，itstillcameasashockwhenshe________diedin2022.A．eventually B．occasionallyC．generally D．frequently4．—Whatareyoudoing，Tom?—I’mmakingamodelcar.I________itinthescienceclassat9o’clocktomorrowmorning.A．willbeshowing B．wouldshowC．haveshown D．showed5．________difficulttheproblemis，youhavetotryyourbesttoworkitout.A．Although B．WhateverC．However D．Nomatter6．—Howmuchdidtheguy________youtofixyouriPhone5S?—Idon’tremember,butitwasquitealot.A．cost B．spendC．charge D．take7．Expertsofmanycountrieshavebeentryingto________whatitisthatmakesChinadevelopsofastinthepastfiveyears.A．carryout B．figureoutC．watchout D．goout8．Isawafamiliarfaceinthecrowdyesterday，whosename________meatthattime.A．slipped B．escaped C．failed D．a(chǎn)voided9．Thebusinessmanclaimed________fromBeijingUniversity，whileinfact，heneverwenttocollege.A．tohavegraduated B．tograduateC．havinggraduated D．graduating10．________overandoveragain，buttheboystillcouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.A．HavingexplainedB．HavingbeenexplainedC．ThoughitwasexplainedD．Itwasexplained11．HewenttoHainanforaholiday，________alltheworktohiscolleagues.A．left B．hadleftC．leaving D．toleave12．Allflightswerecancelledyesterday________aheavysnow.A．insteadof B．duetoC．butfor D．a(chǎn)partfrom13．Noone________theclassroomwithoutthepermissionoftheheadteacherduringtheclass.A．isleaving B．istoleaveC．hasleft D．willbeleaving14．Hisgrandfatherwassoillthat________hewouldpullthrough.A．hewasunlikelythatB．itseemsunlikelythatC．heseemedunlikelythatD．itwasunlikelythat15．—Doyouenjoycollectingstamps?—Ofcourse.I________.A．havefun B．haveagreattimeC．getagreatkickoutofit D．readoccasionally其次節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ShewasacleanerataschoolinIndia.Herhusbanddiedsoon__16__theymarried，soshehadtoraiseherkidsbyherself.__17__thelasttwentyyears，she’scontinuedtocleanclassroomsatlocalschools.Oneday，though，shehadanidea：Iwanttogive.Itwasfollowed－upbya(n)__18__yetconfusingthought：ButwhatcanI__19__give?Whenshedescribedher__20__toafriend，hetoldherastory.“Gandhiusedtowritemanyletters.Oneday，KakasahebKalelkar，afamousIndianauthor，sawhimwritingwithatinypencilandimmediately__21__Gandhiabiggerpencilfromhispocket.Gandhi__22__saidthathedidn’tneedit.Thenextday，hesawGandhilookingforhispencilandKakasahebagainofferedhim__23__，saying，‘Yourpencilwassosmallanyway.’Gandhigentlyreplied，‘Butachildhadgivenmethatpencil.’Andhecarriedonthe__24__forthatsmallpencil.”__25__thisstory，hetoldher，“Yousweepschoolseveryday.Andso，youmustseeallkindsofsmallpencilsthatkids__26__.Whydon’tyoucollectthoseandI’llgivethemtolittlekidswhocan’t__27__pencilsandteachthemhowtowriteanddraw.”Shelikedthatidea.__28__pencils，sheevencollectederasers，sharpeners，andotherschoolthings.Andwhenherbaggot__29__，shehandeditofftoherfriendtogiveawaytotheneedy.Oneevening，whenshefoundoutthatIwasintown(I’mgoodfriendswithherkids)，she__30__thatIcomeoverfora__31__.Shehadcookedupasimplefeastoflove，whichI__32__enjoyed！AsIwasleaving，shehandedmeaheavyplasticbag.__33__，Iopenedupthatplasticbag，andsawthosesmallpencils，erasersandsharpeners.Itmattersnotwhatyougive，__34__theamountofloveyouputintothatgiving.Thesmallofferinghadacertain__35__thatsimplycan’tbebought.Ifeltit.Everyonefeltit.16.A.before B．a(chǎn)fterC．since D．when17．A.During B．SinceC．For D．At18．A.impossible B．unbelievableC．reliable D．reasonable19．A.approximately B．possiblyC．briefly D．faithfully20．A.desire B．determinationC．emotion D．imagination21．A.offered B．suppliedC．charged D．provided22．A.directly B．politelyC．calmly D．instantly23．A.it B．oneC．that D．this24．A.time B．subjectC．search D．place25．A.Reminding B．DiscussingC．Sharing D．Stopping26．A.pullaway B．throwawayC．giveaway D．putaway27．A.pay B．useC．require D．a(chǎn)fford28．A.Inplaceof B．InhonorofC．Inadditionto D．Inspiteof29．A.full B．largeC．flat D．empty30．A.invited B．insistedC．a(chǎn)dvocated D．told31．A.party B．restC．meat D．stay32．A.finally B．regularlyC．normally D．completely33．A.Annoyed B．RelaxedC．Confused D．Disappointed34．A.and B．butC．or D．so35．A.power B．theoryC．view D．tradition其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness，happiness，goodness，andself－respect？Thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas“honor”helpyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings.Hereisanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.Sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem.Ifwekeepsilent，andprofitfromtheclerk’smistake，wewoulddrivehomewithasenseofmeanexcitement.Laterwemighttellourfamilyoffriendsaboutourgoodfortune.Ontheotherhand，ifwetelltheclerkabouttheunchargeditem，theclerkwouldbegrateful，andthankusforourhonesty.Wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul.Then，whatisittodowithoursenseofhappiness?Inthefirstcase，wherewedon’ttelltheclerk，acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess，wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself－respect.Wewouldalsodemonstratethatwecannotbetrusted，sinceweadvertiseourdishonorbytellingourfamilyandfriends.Wedamageourownreputationsbytellingothers.Incontrast，bringing_the_error_to_the_clerk’s_attentioncausesdifferentthingstohappen.Immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable.Uponleavingthestore，wefeelhonorableandourself－respectisincreased.Wheneverwetakehonorableactionwegainthedeepinternalrewardsofgoodnessandasenseofnobility.Thereisabeautifulpositivecyclethatiscreatedbylivingalifeofhonorableactions.Honorablethoughtsleadtohonorableactions.Honorableactionsleadustoahappierexistence.Andit’seasytothinkandacthonorablyagainwhenwe’rehappy.Whilethepositivecyclecanbedifficulttostart，onceit’sstarted，it’seasytocontinue.Keepingondoinggooddeedsbringsuspeaceofmind，whichisimportantforourhappiness.36．Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto________.A．lying B．stealingC．cheating D．a(chǎn)dvertising37．Theunderlinedphrase“bringingtheerrortotheclerk’sattention”means________.A．tellingthetruthtotheclerkB．offeringadvicetotheclerkC．a(chǎn)skingtheclerktobemoreattentiveD．remindingtheclerkofthechargeditem38．Howwillwefeelifwelettheclerkknowhermistake?A．We’llbeveryexcited.B．We’llfeelunfortunate.C．We’llhaveasenseofhonor.D．We’llfeelsorryfortheclerk.39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．HowtoLiveTruthfullyB．ImportanceofPeacefulnessC．WaysofGainingSelf－respectD．HappinessthroughHonorableActionsBScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls，carryingthemarounduntiltheyhavechildrenoftheirown.Youngmalesengageinsuchbehaviormuchlessfrequently.ThenewworkbySonyaM．KahlenbergandRichardW．Wrangham，describedthisweekinthejournalCurrentBiology，providesthefirstevidenceofawildnon－h(huán)umanspeciesplayingwithdolls，aswellasthefirstknownsexdifferenceinawildanimal’schoiceofplaythings.Thetworesearcherssaytheirworkaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethathumanchildrenareprobablybornwiththeirownideasofhowtheywanttobehave，ratherthansimplymirroringothergirlswhoplaywithdollsandboyswhoplaywithtrucks.Dollplayamonghumanscouldhaveitsoriginsinobject－carryingbyearlierapes(猿類)，theysay，suggestingthattoyselectionisprobablynotdueentirelytosocialization.“Inhumans，thereareobvioussexdifferencesinchildren’stoyplay，andtheseareremarkablysimilaracrosscultures，”saysKahlenberg.“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanation，ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences.”In14yearsofdataonchimpanzeebehaviorattheKibaleNationalParkinUganda，KahlenbergandWranghamcountedmorethan100examplesofstick－carrying.Someyoungchimpanzeescarriedsticksintothenesttosleepwiththemandononeoccasionbuiltaseparatenestforthestick.“Wehaveseenjuvenilesoccasionallycarryingsticksformanyyears，andbecausetheysometimestreatedthemratherlikedolls，wewantedtoknowifingeneralthisbehaviortendedtorepresentsomethinglikeplayingwithdolls，”saysWrangham，aProfessoratHarvard“Ifthedollhypothesis(假設(shè))wasright，wethoughtthatfemalesshouldcarrysticksmorethanmalesdo，andthatthechimpanzeesshouldstopcarryingstickswhentheyhadtheirfirstchild.Wehavenowwatchedenoughyoungchimpanzeestoprovebothpoints.”40．Whatdoesafemalechimpanzeedowithsticks?A．Shegivesthemtoherchildtoplaywith.B．Shetreatsthemasweapons.C．Shetreatsthemasdolls.D．Shemakesusefultoolsfromthem.41．Whatcausesthedifferenttoyselectionofchimpanzees，accordingtothepassage?A．Socialization. B．Sexdifference.C．Environment. D．Culturaldifference.42．Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A．socializationhasnothingtodowithhuman’schoiceofplaythingsB．thebiologyfactormayalsoinfluencetoychoiceC．sexdifferenceistheonlyfactorinhuman’schoiceofplaythingsD．peoplechoosedifferenttoysindifferentcultures43．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.A．chimpanzeesusuallychooseplaythingsfortheirchildrenB．differentfactorscausehumansandchimpanzeestochoosedifferentplaythingsC．onlyfemalechimpanzeeshaveplaythingsD．bothhumansandchimpanzeeschoosetheirplaythingsduetosexdifferenceCAsthousandsofcommunitiesintheUSA—especiallyintheSouth—becameboominggatewaysforimmigrantfamiliesfromCentralandSouthAmericaduringthe1990sandtheearlyyearsofthenewcentury，publicschoolsstruggledwiththeunfamiliartaskofservingthelargenumbersofEnglishlearnersarrivingintheirclassrooms.Educationprogramsneededtobebuilt_from_scratch“WehadnoteachingresourcessuitableforEnglishlearnersherebefore.Wehadtodevelopthemallourselves，”aTexasprincipalsaid.Throughoutthecountry，districtshadtotraintheirownteacherstoteachEnglishtonon－nativespeakersorrecruitteachersfromelsewhere.SchoolstaffmembershadtofigureouthowtocommunicatewithparentswhospokenoEnglish.Butevenasimmigrationhasslowedorstoppedinmanyplaces，andinstructionalprogramsforEnglish－learnershavematured，servingimmigrantfamiliesandtheirchildrenremainsaworkinprogressinmanypublicschools，especiallythoseincommunitiesthatareskeptical，orsometimesunwelcoming，tothenewcomers.Oneofthebiggestchallengeseducatorsface，iscommunicatingeffectivelywithparentswhodon’tspeakEnglish—anissuethat，inpart，hascontributedtorecentcomplaintsofdiscriminationbyLatinostudentsinsomecities.“Theparents’roleisveryimportantforthesuccessofthesestudents，butit’salsooneofthemostdifficultthingswe’vehadtotackle，”saidJim D．Rollins，thepresidentoftheSpringdaleschooldistrict，wherethe19,000－studentschoolsystemhasgonefromhavingnoEnglish－learners15yearsagotomorethan7,500now.“Youhavetomakeitapriorityandworkonit，workonit，andworkonit.”Asidefromthepracticalchallenges，suchasfindingbilingual(會(huì)說(shuō)兩種語(yǔ)言的)staffmembers，guidingdistrictsthroughsuchdramaticchangesrequiresschoolleaderstobridgedifficultpoliticalandculturaldivides.ForschoolleadersintheSouth，especiallyinthelastfewyears，thisdifficultjobhasbeenmadeharderstillbythenegativeattitudesofsomelocalstowardsimmigrants.44．Theunderlinedpart“builtfromscratch”(inParagraph2)probablymeans“________”．A．completelynewB．painfultomakeC．basedonpastexperienceD．constructedgradually45．Whatisoneofthethingstheschoolleadershavedonetodealwiththeproblems?A．ProvidemoreSpanish－onlyclasses.B．Invitemoreteachersfromotherplaces.C．TraintheirteacherstospeakSpanish.D．Usebilingualparentsaspart－timeteachers.46．Whatdoweknowabouttheimmigrantparents?A．ManyofthemcannotspeakEnglish.B．Mostofthemthinkeducationisnotimportant.C．Someofthemfeelskepticalaboutthelocalcommunity.D．FewofthemhaveattendedAmericanschools.47．AccordingtoParagraph3，whathascausedsomeoftherecentcomplaintsbyLatinostudents?A．Discriminationbyschools.B．Unfriendlinessofthelocals.C．Miscommunicationwithparents.D．Poorgovernmentservice.DSupposeyouworkinabigfirmandfindEnglishveryimportantforyourjobbecauseyouoftendealwithforeignbusinessmen.NowyouarelookingforaplacewhereyoucanimproveyourEnglish，especiallyyourspokenEnglish.HerearesomeadvertisementsaboutEnglishlanguagetraining.Youmayfindtheinformationyouneed.GlobalEnglishCenter*GeneralEnglishinallfourskills:listening，speaking，reading，andwriting.*3－month(700yuan),6－month(1,200yuan)andone－year(2,000yuan)courses.*Choiceofmorningoreveningclasses,3hoursperday，Mon.～Fri.*ExperiencedcollegeEnglishteachers.*Closetothecitycenterandbusstops.Tel：67705272Add:105ZhongshanRoad,100082The21stCenturyEnglishTrainingCentre*Wespecializeineffectiveteachingatalllevels.*Weoffermorningorafternoonclasses，boththreemonthsandahalfatacostof800yuan.Wealsohaveasix－weekTOEFLpreparationclassduringwinterandsummerholidays.Entranceexams：June1andDec.1.Only15－minutewalkfromthecitycenter.Call67801642formoreinformation.TheInternationalHouseofEnglishThree－/Six－monthEnglishcoursesforstudentsofalllevelsatverylowcost：60yuanfor12hoursperweek；convenientclasshours：9∶00～12∶00a．m.and2∶00～5∶00p．m..*Afour－montheveningprogrammefordevelopingspeakingskills(samecostasdayclasses)．*Freesightseeingandsocialactivities.*VeryclosetotheCentralPark.Forfurtherinformationcall67432308.48．Youworkfrom9∶00a．m.to4∶30p．m.everyday，whichschoolwillyouchoose?A．OnlyGlobalEnglishCenter.B．GlobalEnglishCenterandthe21stCentury.C．The21stCenturyandtheInternationalHouse.D．GlobalEnglishCenterandtheInternationalHouse.49．The21stCenturyisdifferentfromtheothertwoschoolsinthat________.A．itrequiresanentranceexamB．itsteachingqualityisbetterC．itisnearesttothecitycenterD．itscoursesaremoreadvanced50．YouwillprobablychoosetheInternationalHousebecause________.A．ithasnativeEnglishteachersB．itcostslessthantheotherschoolsC．ithasaspecialcourseinspokenEnglishD．itoffersfreesightseeingandsocialactivities其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Therearethreestepstobeingasuccessfulfashioncompany.Stepone：__51__Steptwo：Sellenoughclothesformorethanyoumadethem.Stepthree:Doitagain，andagain，andagain.__52__Buteachstepisloadedwithitsowndifficulties.First，styleischangeable.Second，distinguishingyourselfisexpensive.Designersandadvertisingcostalotofmoney.Bothareessentialifyouwanttostandoutinacrowdedglobalmarketplaceforclothes，whereyou’redoingbattlewithdepartmentstores，legacybrandsandonlineupstarts.Zara，theworld’slargestfashionretailer(霍爾商)，hasaninnovativesolutiontoboththestyleproblemandthemarketingproblem，asSuzyHansenexplainedintheNewYorkTimesmagazinethisweekend.Ratherthanhireworld－classdesigners，Zara，whichisbasedinSpain，politelycopiesthem.__53__That’sthedesignchallenge.Howaboutadvertising？__54__Thereisnoadvertisementbudget.Instead，thecompanyspendsgreatamountsofmoneybuyingstorefronts(店面)nexttoluxurybrandstoownthelabelof“affordableluxury(鋪張品)”．__55__It’sanewprocess:fastfashion，directedbycustomersandenabledbytimelymanufacturing.Processinnovationisthestoryofmodernretail—especiallyhereintheU．S.Amazonshowedusyoucanshopwithamouse，deletingthousandsofstorefrontsintheprocess.A．Easyenoughtolist.B．Productivityisthengreatlyincreased.C．Basically，Zaradoesn’tdoit.D．Makeclothesthatpeoplewanttowear.E．Itpushesdownprices，forcingbusinessestofollow.F．Thenitreliesonaglobalnetworkofshopper－feedbacktoadjusttheirdesigns.G．ButZara’smostimportantcontributionisn’tanewproduct.第Ⅱ卷第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線。并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Ihavebeeninterestedindoingresearchintomyfamilyhistoryformanyyears，whenenablesmetolearnmoreaboutmyancestor.IstartedbyinterviewingmyoldestlivingrelativesaboutourlifeandhowtheymovedtoherefromAsia.ThenIwrotedowntheirnamesorotherinformationinafamilytreechart.Ivisitedtheofficeinchargeofkeeprelatedrecords.Besides，IwenttosomelocalchurcheswhereIamabletofindmoreusefulfacts.Lookingoverthepersonallyletters，photosandwillsalsoprovidedmeforcluestomyfamily’spast.NowIamwritingabookanditwillpublishedsoon.其次節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分25分)假如你是李華，國(guó)際學(xué)校的老師Paul邀請(qǐng)你星期六參與該校進(jìn)行的“中國(guó)文化日”活動(dòng)。但你爺爺突然生病住院，你要和父母一起去醫(yī)院探視，不得不謝絕他的邀請(qǐng)。請(qǐng)依據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給Paul寫一封電子郵件。要點(diǎn)：1.謝絕邀請(qǐng)；2．說(shuō)明理由；3．預(yù)?；顒?dòng)成功。留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．郵件開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。DearPaul，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua階段綜合檢測(cè)(四)第一部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空1．解析：選B?？疾楣谠~。第一空表特指，用定冠詞the；其次空underconstruction為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“在建設(shè)中”。2．解析：選B?？疾槊~辨析。句意：她寵愛(ài)城市生活的一個(gè)緣由是她能很便利地去商店、飯店這樣的地方。preference“偏愛(ài)，寵愛(ài)”，符合句意。reference“參考”；performance“表演，演出”；consequence“后果”。3．解析：選A。考查副詞辨析。句意：盡管惠特妮·休斯頓已經(jīng)病了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但當(dāng)?shù)弥罱K在2022年去世時(shí)還是讓人感到震驚。eventually最終；occasionally間或；generally一般地，通常地；frequently經(jīng)常地，頻繁地。4．解析：選A?？疾閷?lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at9o’clocktomorrowmorning可知用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——湯姆，你在干什么？——我在做一個(gè)汽車模型。明天上午9點(diǎn)鐘我會(huì)在科學(xué)課上呈現(xiàn)它。5．解析：選C?？疾檫B詞。句意：不管問(wèn)題有多難，你必需盡最大努力解決它。however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，后跟形容詞或副詞；whatever不能修飾形容詞；nomatter后接形容詞的正確形式是nomatterhow。6．解析：選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。charge在本句中意為“索價(jià)”；cost表示某物“花費(fèi)”多少錢；spend指人“花費(fèi)”時(shí)間或金錢；take表示“花費(fèi)、需要”用于ittakessb.time/energytodosth.。7．解析：選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：很多國(guó)家的專家都始終在努力弄清楚在過(guò)去的五年是什么使中國(guó)如此快速地進(jìn)展。figureout弄清，弄懂；carryout執(zhí)行，開(kāi)展，進(jìn)行，完成；watchout當(dāng)心，留意；goout熄滅，出去。8．解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：昨天我在人群中看到了一張生疏的面孔，可是我當(dāng)時(shí)想不起名字了。slip滑過(guò)，使滑動(dòng)；escape遺忘，被遺忘，想不起；fail失敗，衰退；avoid避開(kāi)，回避。9．解析：選A。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。claim“聲稱，宣稱”，常用于搭配claimtodosth.。假如強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，claim后接不定式的完成式，即claimtohavedonesth.。10．解析：選D?？疾椴⒘芯洹Ｒ罁?jù)連詞but，可知前后是兩個(gè)分句，可以排解選項(xiàng)A和B；though不行以與but連用，故選項(xiàng)C不正確；explain和it是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用被動(dòng)句。句意：(老師)解釋過(guò)很多遍了，但這個(gè)男孩還是不懂怎么解這道數(shù)學(xué)題。11．解析：選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。leavingalltheworktohiscolleagues是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示出乎預(yù)料。12．解析：選B?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)辨析。句意：由于大雪，昨天全部航班都取消了。dueto“由于，由于”；insteadof“而不是，代替”；butfor“要不是”；apartfrom“除了……”。13．解析：選B。句意：上課期間未經(jīng)班主任的允許任何人不得離開(kāi)教室。betodosth.表示“必需/應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事”，符合題意。14．解析：選D?？疾榫涫胶蜁r(shí)態(tài)。Itis/wasunlikelythat，Itseems/seemedunlikelythat分別表示“不行能……/好像不行能……”，B項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，故答案為D。15．解析：選C?？疾榻浑H用語(yǔ)。句意：——你寵愛(ài)集郵嗎？——當(dāng)然了。我從集郵中得到很大的樂(lè)趣。havefun＝haveagreattime玩得快樂(lè)；getakickoutofit從中得到樂(lè)趣；readoccasionally間或讀書(shū)。其次節(jié)完形填空[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文是一篇記敘文。一名在學(xué)校打掃衛(wèi)生的清潔工在丈夫去世后獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)自己的孩子。在這種狀況下，她照舊想奉獻(xiàn)社會(huì)，為別人做些什么。在伴侶的啟發(fā)下，她開(kāi)頭收集同學(xué)丟棄的鉛筆、橡皮、卷筆刀等，并把這些東西送給買不起學(xué)習(xí)用品的同學(xué)，作者從這位清潔工的身上學(xué)到了很多東西。16．解析：選B?？疾檫B詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)“soshehadtoraiseherkidsbyherself”可知，她不得不自己撫養(yǎng)孩子。由此可知，此處指的是結(jié)婚后，after與此相符。故答案選B。17．解析：選C?？疾榻樵~辨析。依據(jù)“she’scontinued”的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可知，她打掃教室20年了。for與一段時(shí)間連用，句子常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，與題意相符。故答案選C。18．解析：選D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。impossible意為“不行能的”；unbelievable意為“難以置信的，不行信的”；reliable意為“牢靠的，可信任的”；reasonable意為“合理的，通情達(dá)理的”?？崭袂疤岬剑敕瞰I(xiàn)；再依據(jù)表轉(zhuǎn)折意義的詞“yet”可知，reasonable符合語(yǔ)境。故答案選D。19．解析：選B?？疾楦痹~辨析。approximately意為“大約，近似”；possibly意為“可能，或許”；briefly意為“短暫地，簡(jiǎn)略地，臨時(shí)地”；faithfully意為“忠實(shí)地，照實(shí)地，誠(chéng)意誠(chéng)意地”。作為一名清潔工，最初她不清楚自己可能會(huì)為別人做什么。possibly符合語(yǔ)境，故答案選B。20．解析：選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。desire意為“愿望，渴望，心愿”；determination意為“決心，確定”；emotion意為“情感，心情”；imagination意為“想象，想象力”。由于自己拿不準(zhǔn)該做些什么，她向伴侶描述了自己的愿望。desire符合文意，故答案選A。21．解析：選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“賜予，供應(yīng)，出價(jià)”；B項(xiàng)意為“供應(yīng)，供應(yīng)”；C項(xiàng)意為“充電，控告，索價(jià)”；D項(xiàng)意為“供應(yīng)”。依據(jù)下文的“againofferedhim”可知，那位出名作家主動(dòng)給Gandhi一支更長(zhǎng)的鉛筆。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)表示“主動(dòng)賜予或主動(dòng)供應(yīng)”，與語(yǔ)境相符。故答案選A。依據(jù)下文的“Kakasahebagainofferedhim”也可知答案。22．解析：選B。考查副詞詞義辨析。directly意為“直接地，馬上”；politely意為“有禮貌地，客氣地，委婉地”；calmly意為“冷靜地，安靜地，安靜地”；instantly意為“馬上地，馬上地，即刻地”。依據(jù)常識(shí)及下文可知，Gandhi有禮貌地回絕了。politely與此相符，故答案選B。23．解析：選B?？疾榇~辨析。依據(jù)上下文及“again”可知，那位作家又供應(yīng)應(yīng)Gandhi一支鉛筆，one指代同類不同物，符合語(yǔ)境。故答案選B。24．解析：選C?？疾槊~詞義辨析。依據(jù)上文可知，Gandhi沒(méi)有要作家的那支鉛筆，而是連續(xù)查找那支小鉛筆。searchfor意為“查找，搜尋”，與語(yǔ)境相符合，故答案選C。25．解析：選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。清潔工的伴侶向她敘述了Gandhi使用鉛筆的故事，是想和她共享這一故事，給她出方法。sharing符合文意，故答案選C。26．解析：選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。pullaway意為“離開(kāi)，脫身，拉掉”；throwaway意為“扔掉，丟棄”；giveaway意為“泄露，贈(zèng)送”；putaway意為“放好，儲(chǔ)存”。依據(jù)下文“collectthose”可知，此處指的是孩子扔掉的小鉛筆。throwaway符合語(yǔ)境，故答案選B。27．解析：選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)上文可知，把收集到的小鉛筆送給那些買不起鉛筆的孩子們。afford有“買得起”之意，與語(yǔ)境相符。故答案選D。28．解析：選C?？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“代替”；B項(xiàng)意為“為紀(jì)念，為慶?！?；C項(xiàng)意為“除……之外”；D項(xiàng)意為“盡管，不管，不顧”。依據(jù)“sheevencollectederasers，sharpeners，andotherschoolthings”可知，她還收集了橡皮、卷筆刀等。因此，此處指的是“除了收集鉛筆外”。C項(xiàng)與此相符，故答案選C。29．解析：選A。考查形容詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)“shehandeditofftoherfriend”可知，此處指包里裝滿了鉛筆。full與語(yǔ)境相符合，故答案選A。30．解析：選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析?？崭窈鬄橘e語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞原形comeover，實(shí)際上是虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，省略了should。insisted所跟的賓語(yǔ)從句可使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣shoulddo的形式，should通常可以省略。結(jié)合文意可知，答案選B。31．解析：選C?？疾槊~詞義辨析。依據(jù)下文“Shehadcookedupasimplefeast...”可知，作者去清潔工家里吃飯。meal的詞義與此相符，故答案選C。32．解析：選D?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。finally意為“最終，最終”；regularly意為“定期地，有規(guī)律地”；normally意為“正常地，通常地”；completely意為“完全地，徹底地”。依據(jù)空格前內(nèi)容可知，作者去伴侶家里吃飯完全是一種享受。因此，completely符合文意，故答案選D。33．解析：選C。考查形容詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“生氣的，郁悶的”；B項(xiàng)意為“放松的，拘束的”；C項(xiàng)意為“迷惑的，困惑的，混亂的”；D項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)望的”。伴侶遞過(guò)來(lái)一個(gè)很重的塑料袋，作者不知道里面裝的是什么。因此，在迷惑中打開(kāi)了塑料袋。由此可知，confused符合語(yǔ)境。故答案選C。34．解析：選B。考查連詞辨析。依據(jù)空格前的“not”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處為“not...but...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是……而是……”。故答案選B。35．解析：選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。在文章的最終，作者通過(guò)清潔工的善舉，得出了一個(gè)結(jié)論：小小的善舉卻有金錢所買不到的力氣。power意為“力氣，權(quán)力，功率”，與語(yǔ)境相符。故答案選A。其次部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以例證的方式說(shuō)明白“高尚品德造就幸福生活”的真理，并剖析了其中的緣由，呼吁人們?yōu)樘岣呱钚腋Ｖ笖?shù)應(yīng)當(dāng)去做高尚的、值得人敬重的事。36．解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中第五段其次句“Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.”可知，答案應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。37．解析：選A。句意理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段舉的例子和第五段的內(nèi)容可知，畫線句指的是“告知店員對(duì)某商品沒(méi)有收錢的事實(shí)”。故答案選A。38．解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中第五段中的“Immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable.Uponleavingthestore，wefeelhonorable...”可知，假如我們告知店員沒(méi)有收錢的事情，店員會(huì)很感謝。我們離店時(shí)，內(nèi)心會(huì)有一種別人永久無(wú)法共享的榮譽(yù)感。故答案選C。39．解析：選D。標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文可知，文章以例證的方式說(shuō)明白“高尚品德造就幸福生活”的道理。故答案選D。[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文是一篇科普文。爭(zhēng)辯發(fā)覺(jué)，雌性黑猩猩會(huì)把棍子當(dāng)作自己的玩偶，直到它們有了自己的孩子。40．解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“...femalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls...”可知，雌性黑猩猩會(huì)把棍子當(dāng)作自己的玩偶。故選C項(xiàng)。41．解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“aswellasthefirstknownsexdifference...playthings”可知，性別差異是導(dǎo)致黑猩猩玩具選擇差異的主要緣由。故選B項(xiàng)。42．解析：選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences”可知，這兩位科學(xué)家的爭(zhēng)辯表明：生物學(xué)因素也可能影響黑猩猩對(duì)玩具的偏好。A項(xiàng)與原文中的“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeenthep