【KS5U原創(chuàng)】新課標(biāo)2021年高二英語(yǔ)暑假作業(yè)-3

新課標(biāo)2021年高二英語(yǔ)暑假作業(yè)3（滿分100分）其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（共4小題；每小題5分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsareofcourseextremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehavior.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenconvenientlyreferredtoas“natureandnurture”．Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,characteristicsandbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme，thistheorystatesthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchagreatdegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts(本能)．Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,or,astheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists'viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic.Theystatethat,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuli(刺激)asthebasisoftheirbehavior.

Sociallyandpolitically,theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesarefar-reaching.IntheUS，forexample,blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencetests.Thisleadssome“nature”proponentstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallylowerinstatusthanwhites.Behaviorists,onthecontrary,saythatthedifferencesinscoresareduetothefactthatblacksareoftenrobbedofmanyoftheeducationalandotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy,andthat,asaresult,theydonotdevelopthesameresponsesthatwhitesdo.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremesandthatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

【小題1】Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith________.A.relationbetweenpersonalityandbehaviorB.relationbetweenbehaviorandenvironmentC.differentaccountsofpatternsofhumanbehaviorD.differenttheoriesoftheformationofhumanbehavior

【小題2】Theunderlinedword“proponents”inParagraph2means________.A.creators

B.advisors

C.advocates

D.judges

【小題3】InParagraph5,theauthormainlywritesabout________.A.theconsiderableinfluenceofthetwotheoriesB.differencesbetweentheblacksandwhitesC.racialdiscriminationintheUnitedStatesD.differentrespondstointelligencetests

【小題4】What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Tocallourattentiontothechangesofhumanbehavior.B.Tourgescientiststodomoreresearchinsocialscience.C.Togiveusadetailedexplanationofhumanbehavior.D.Topresentanargumentinthefieldofsocialscience.其次節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Procrastination(拖延)isaphenomenonwearefamiliarwith.Whenweprocrastinate,wewasteourfreetimeandputoffimportanttasksweshoulddotillit’stoolate.

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Here,Iwillsharesomepersonalstepstakentoovercomeprocrastinationwithgreatsuccess.Breakyourworkdownintolittleparts.Partofthereasonwhyweprocrastinateisthatwefindtheworktoooverwhelming(巨大的)forus.Breakitdownintolittleparts,andthenfocusononepartatatime.Ifyoustillprocrastinateafterdoingso,breakitdownevenfurther.

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Changeyourenvironment.Lookatyourworkdeskandyourroom.Dotheymakeyouwanttoworkordotheymakeyousleepy?

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Createadetailedtimelinewithspecificdeadlines.Havingjustonedeadlineforyourworkislikeaninvitationtoprocrastinate.That’sbecausewewouldgettheimpressionthatwehavetimeandkeeppushingeverythingbackuntilit’stoolate.

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Inthisway,youknowyouhavetofinisheachtaskbyacertaindate.

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I’mprettysureifyouspendjust10minutestalkingtopeoplelikeSteveJobsorBillGates,you’llbemoreinspiredtoactthanifyouspendthe10minutesdoingnothing.Thepeoplewearewithinfluenceourbehavior.A.Soon,yourtaskwillbesosimplethatyouwillbethinkingyoucandoitnow.B.Seekoutsomeonewhohasalreadyachievedthesimilaroutcometoyourgoals.C.Hangoutwithpeoplewhoinspireyoutotakeaction.D.Havingacompanionmakesthewholeprocessmuchmorefun.E.Ifit’sthelatter,youshouldbegintochangeyourworkspace.F.It’sabadhabiteatingusawayandstoppingusachievinggreatersuccessinlife.G.Breakdownyourproject,andthencreateanoveralltimelinewithspecificdeadlinesforeachsmalltask.第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40）完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Mr.Glenisamillionaire.Fiveyearsago,afterreturningfromabroadtohismotherland,he

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uphissmallcompany.Speakingofsuccess,Glenoftentellsusastoryabouthis

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expensive“school”fees.Healways

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hissuccesstoit.Atthattime,Glen,whoalreadygotaPh.Degree,decidedtoreturntothehomeland,startinganundertaking.Before

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,heboughtaRolexwatchwiththe

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madethroughyearsofworkafterschoolandthescholarships.Attheairporthehadtoaccepttheroutinecustomscheck.Thewatchonhiswristwasalsodemandedtobe

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downforinspection.Glenknewthatcarryingthespecificgoodsouthadtopaythetax.Andheworriedaboutpaying

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forhiswatch.Sowhenhewaschecked,hetoldaliethathiswatchwasaworthless

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.Whenhewas

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ofhis‘smarts’,immediately,

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thepresenceofGlen,theofficershitthewatch,which

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nearly￥100,000,intopiecesathearingGlen’swords.Glenwasamazed.

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heunderstoodwhy,hewastakentotheofficetobe

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strictly.Formanytimesofentry-exit

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heknewthatonlythosepeopleinthe“blacklist”would“enjoy”thisspecialtreatment.Theofficers

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everythingcarefullyinthebox,andwarnedhimnomatterwhattimeofentryandexithemustacceptthecheckandif

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reusingandcarryingfakeandshoddy（偽劣）goods,hewouldbe

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accordingtolaw!Suddenly,hisfaceturnedred,andhehadnothinginmindafterboardingtheplaneforlong.Afterreturningtothehomeland,heoftentoldthestorytohisfamily,andhisemployees,too.Hesaidthatthismadeadeep

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onhim,becauseanadditionalhigh“school”feethathehadeverpaidmadehimrealizethevalueof

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,whichhewould

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asthesecretofhissuccessforever.

1.A.setB.cameC.wentD.called2.A.goodB.badC.extraD.few3.A.ownsB.owesC.belongsD.possesses4.A.stayingB.leavingC.livingD.coming5.A.booksB.thingsC.savingsD.pounds6.A.putB.lookedC.takenD.lied7.A.oneB.itC.themD.these8.A.presentB.tradeC.toyD.fake9.A.afraidB.proudC.wellD.hard10.A.inB.onC.beforeD.after11.A.paidB.spentC.tookD.cost12.A.BeforeB.AfterC.IfD.Though13.A.appreciatedB.beatenC.spokenD.examined14.A.conditionsB.experiencesC.experimentsD.chances15.A.lookedoutB.lookedup

C.lookedoverD.lookedround16.A.cameoutB.foundoutC.sentoutD.setout17.A.hitB.blamedC.praisedD.charged18.A.expressionB.ideaC.thoughtD.impression19.A.honestyB.liesC.goodsD.things20.A.rememberB.learnC.reviseD.read

閱讀下面材料，用不多于1個(gè)單詞的正確形式填空(10)Manyyearsago,whenIworked__1___avolunteeratStanfordHospital,IgottoknowalittlegirlnameLiza___2___wassufferingfromarareandseriousdisease.Heronlychanceofrecoveringappearedtobeabloodtransfusionfrom__3___five-year-oldbrother,who___4___(survive)thesamediseaseanddevelopedtheantibodiesneededtocombattheillness.Thedoctorexplainedthesituationtoherlittlebrother,andaskedtheboy___5___hewouldbewillingtogivehisbloodtohissister.Isawhimhesitateforamoment___6___takingadeepbreathandsaying,“Yes,I’lldoitifitwillsaveLiza.”

Asthetransfusionprogressed,helayinabednexttohissister,___7___(smile).Butthenhisfacegrewpaleandhissmilefaded.Helookedatthedoctorandaskedwith___8___tremblingvoice,“WillIstarttodierightaway?”

Beingyoung,theboyhad____9______(understand)thedoctor.Hethoughthewasgoingtohavetogiveher___10__hisblood..第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)滿分30）短文改錯(cuò)（10分）Oneday,Iwascookinginthekitchenwhilethetelephonerings.Iwenttoansweritimmediately.Shewasmyclosefriend,Lisa.Whenweweretalkingonaphone,thefirealarmsounded.Iranbacktothekitchen.Theroomfullofsmokeandthebeefwasbadlyburnt.Iquicklyturnedoffthegases,openingallthewindows,andthenwentoutofthehouse.Inmysurprise,twofireengineswereoutsidemyhouse.Iwasratherworried.Itoldaboutthefirementhatitwasmycarelesscookingwhichcausedtheheavysmoke.書(shū)面表達(dá)（20分）湖南衛(wèi)視策劃的“超級(jí)女生”節(jié)目熱播，在很多觀眾特殊是中同學(xué)中引起了很大反響,上周你們班也為此開(kāi)放了一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)辯。請(qǐng)你依據(jù)提示將爭(zhēng)辯狀況寫(xiě)成一篇英語(yǔ)短文

觀點(diǎn)支持者對(duì)競(jìng)賽高度贊揚(yáng)，理由是它給一些平凡卻愛(ài)唱歌的女孩子供應(yīng)了一個(gè)通過(guò)競(jìng)賽呈現(xiàn)才華/呈現(xiàn)自我的舞臺(tái)或機(jī)會(huì)。激勵(lì)了她們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)（senseofcompeting）。反對(duì)者不贊成，理由是花費(fèi)了太多的時(shí)間和精力，這些女孩大部分還是同學(xué)，不能集中留意力(concentrateon)學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生不良影響。你的觀點(diǎn)·······留意：1、行文連貫，內(nèi)容應(yīng)完整：2、題目和開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已經(jīng)給出；3、詞數(shù)100左右。答案：其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（共4小題；每小題5分，滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。答案及解析：DCAD試題分析:本文主要爭(zhēng)辯了人的共性和智力是先天形成的還是受環(huán)境影響的[小題1]D主旨大意題。首段首句指出作者要爭(zhēng)辯的問(wèn)題，第2段開(kāi)頭從兩個(gè)方面解釋該問(wèn)題，末段是總結(jié)段，由此看來(lái)，首段首句和末段首句提到的humanbehavior是本文的中心內(nèi)容，雖然文章首段第2句就提到intelligent一詞，但該句的intelligent，cooperative，competitive等都只是舉例說(shuō)明首句有關(guān)personalities和behaviors的問(wèn)題，由此可見(jiàn)，選項(xiàng)B并非本文主旨；作者提到兩種理論是為了解釋性格和行為形成的緣由，并非爭(zhēng)辯這兩種理論形成的緣由，因此A和C兩項(xiàng)均不正確。選D[小題2]C猜詞題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，我們可以推斷proponent應(yīng)指人，指這兩種理論的支持者，只有

advocates“擁護(hù)者”符合這種推想，故選C。[小題3]A段落大意題：題干問(wèn)第五段主要關(guān)于什么，這要看第五段的結(jié)構(gòu)。第一句Sociallyandpolitically,theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesarefar-reaching.很明顯是個(gè)概括句，下面的論據(jù)是為了證明這兩個(gè)理論的相當(dāng)大的影響。選A[小題4]D寫(xiě)作意圖題：結(jié)合文章的首尾可知作者的寫(xiě)作目的是為了介紹社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)爭(zhēng)辯嗎，答案選D其次節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。答案及解析：FAEGC第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40）完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。答案及解析：ACBBC

CBDBA

DADBC

BDDAA閱讀下面材料，用不多于1個(gè)單詞的正確形式填空(10)答案及解析：1.as

2.who

3.her

4.hadsurvived

5.

whether

6.before

7.smiling

8.a

9.misunderstood

10.all第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)滿分30）短文改錯(cuò)（10分）as---when

rings---rang

She---It

onaphone---onthephonetheroomfullof---theroomwasfullof

opening---opened