廣東省汕頭市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期普通高中畢業(yè)班期末調(diào)研測試英語試題

廣東省汕頭市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期普通高中畢業(yè)班期末調(diào)研測試英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、第一部分閱讀，第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解TheBestHotelsinEdinburghClosetotheMust-SeeSightsEdinburghishometosomeofthebesthotelsinScotland.Herearesomeselectedhotels,rangingfromiconicfive-starinstitutionstonewapartmenthotels.TheBalmoralHotelForluxuryaccommodation,theBalmoralhoteloffersfive-starserviceandfantasticviewsofEdinburghCastle.Itisinthecitycenterandfeaturestheiconicclocktower.TheBalmoralisprobablythemostfamoushotelinthecityandisfamousforitshospitality.Itisalsopopularwithlocalsforafternoontea.WildeApartHotelWildeAparthotelisamodern,stylishhotel.Thehotelfeatureswell-appointed（設(shè)備齊全的）servicedapartmentsthathavefullyequippedsmallkitchens,freeWiFi,andcarparkingnearby.Theapartmentsareidealforthosewhoarestayinginthecityformorethananightortwoandwouldliketohaveasmallkitchentoenjoybreakfastorlunch.TheRadissonCollectionHotelTheRadissonCollectionHoteloverlookstheiconicRoyalMile.It'sjustashortwalkfromattractionssuchasEdinburghCastleandHolyroodPark,andit'swithineasyreachoflocalrestaurants,shops,bars,andgalleries.EverythingyouwillwanttoseeanddoinEdinburghisclosetohand,andit'sfiveminutesfromWaverlyTrainStationandairportlinks.Thehotel'sdesignismodern.ScotsmanHotelOriginallybuiltasTheScotsmannewspaperofficesin1905,ScotsmanHotelhasbeencarefullyrestoredintoninefloorsofroomsandsuiteswithcommandingviewsoverthecity.LocatedatthetopendofNorthBridge,thehoteloccupiestheprimerealestatespot(黃金地段)inEdinburgh.EasyaccesstoWaverleyTrainStationandairportshuttles,thehotelisprobablythemostwell-appointedaccommodationintermsoftransportlinks.WehopeyoulovetheEdinburghhotelswerecommend!1．Whichhotelsuitscustomerswholovecookingbythemselves?A．ScotsmanHotel. B．WildeApartHotel.C．TheBalmoralHotel. D．TheRadissonCollectionHotel.2．WhatmakestheScotsmanHoteldifferentfromtheothers?A．Itsspecialorigin. B．Itscentralsituation.C．Itscommandingviews. D．Itsconvenienttransportation.3．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atraveljournal. B．Atourreport.C．Atouristwebsite. D．Ahotelresearch.閱讀理解IwenttoYuanheMiddleSchoolinXihaigu,NingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,aplacethatusedtobeoneofthepoorestregionsinChina,toparticipateinanEnglishclasswithvillagechildren.Mostkidsintheschoolcomefrompoorvillagehomesandare"leftbehind"children一kidswhoseparentsworkinthecitiestomakeabetterliving.Afterclass,wechattedalot,andtheywonderedabouteverything,using"outsideworld"asatermtodescribethewiderglobeformanytimes.Takingcareofruralchildrenisessential.Theschooloffersboardingservicesandfreebreakfastandlunchtothestudents,whocanalsovideochatwiththeirparentsdaily.Tobettercareforthevillagechildren,theschoolprovidesoutdoorhiking,technology,art,andforeignlanguageprogramstohelpthemunderstandtheoutsideworld.Afterall,high-qualityeducationtodisadvantagedvillagechildrenisthekeytopoverty-alleviation（扶貧）efforts.DuringmytripinXihaigu,IalsovisitedNingxiaNormalUniversity,whereover70%ofitsstudentsmajorineducation.In2013,localandcentralgovernmentslaunchedpublic-fundedprogramstorecruitstudentsinterestedinbecomingteachersinNingxia'sruralvillagesanddistricts.By2023,3,500studentswereenrolledintheprogram,manyofwhomcamefromdisadvantagedvillagehouseholdsinXihaigu.IhadtheopportunitytospeakwithYang,apublic-fundedstudentfromtheonce-poorXihaiguregion.Afterfinishingschool,heplannedtostayintheXihaiguareaasateachertoteachthekidsknowledge.Yangtoldmethatknowledgeisthekeytoleadingabetterlifeaswellasunderstandingtheworld.Alackofknowledgeisoneofthemainfactorsofbeingpoor.Moneycouldhelpthepoorforawhilebutnotonceforall.Hehopesthatbysharingknowledgewiththekidsinhishometown,hecanhelpthembroadentheirhorizonsanddevelopanobjectiveperspectiveontheworld.Heenvisionsafuturewherethesechildrencanusetheirknowledgetomakeabetterlife,stoppeople'stereotypes(固有印象)aboutChinaandshareXihaigu'sstorieswiththerestoftheworld.4．Whydidthekidsrepeatedlymention"outsideworld"?A．Outofcuriosityabouttheunknownworld.B．Withthehopeofchangingtheworldoutside.C．Toshowtheirexperiencesaboutthewiderglobe.D．Forlackofconfidencetowardstheirinnerworld.5．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thekeytopoverty-alleviationefforts.B．Theaidtothekidsonlifeandeducation.C．Theteachingconditionsoftheschool.D．Thehigh-qualityeducationoftheschool.6．Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'stripinNingxiaNormalUniversity?A．Studentsinthisuniversitycanbefreeofcharge.B．TheauthoritiessupportNingxia'sruralareasbystressingeducation.C．Thepublic-fundedprogramstargetatthestudentsfrompoorregions.D．MoneyislessimportantthanknowledgeforthepeopleinXihaigu'svillages.7．WhichofthefollowingmayagreewithYang'sopinion?A．Learnandlive.B．Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C．Hangontoyourdreams.D．Poverty-alleviationstartswitheducation.閱讀理解Asarchaeologists（考古學(xué)家）examinedancienttombsinTurfaninwesternChina,theydiscoveredsomesurprisinglywell-preservedandfamiliarrelics.Thoughhardenedfromover1,000years,theresatlittledumplings.Exactlywhoinventeddumplingsremainsamystery.Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic（游牧的）TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause"manti,"meaning"dumpling"or"steamedbun"inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfordumplinginseveralotherlanguages.AncientTurkicpeopleprobablyfilledtheirdumplingswithmeat.Butit'sunclearwhenthispracticebegan,orwhethertheylearnedtheartofdumpling-makingfromothers.Howeverthishappened,dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina.DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian（素食）dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods.TherelationshipbetweenChinesedumplingsandthoseinotherareasistrickytotrace,butfoodhistorianshavemadetheirbestguessesbasedonavailableclues.BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.ThesedumplingscouldhavecomebywayofChinaordirectlyfromsomeoftheTurkicpeoplestheMongolshiredtoruntheirempire.OnetheoryisthatthisgaverisetodumplingslikepelmeniinRussia,pierogiinPolandandvarenikiinUkraine.TheMongolEmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans"littlelumps".DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese"jiaozi"werebroughttoJapan.SowhatabouttheItaliandumpling-likepasta?SomehistoriansthinkitmightbebroughtbyArabconquerors.It'sunlikelythatalldumplingdishescamefromthesameroottradition.However,wecanappreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.8．WhatmadeTurkicpeoplessuspectedtofirstspreaddumplings?A．Thelanguagestheyused. B．Theireatinghabits.C．Theirdumpling-makingskills. D．Thenewlyfoundtombs.9．Whatdoesthephrase"gatheredsteam"inparagraph2mean?A．Originated. B．Stabilized.C．Gotwell-cooked. D．Becamepopular.10．Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A．Thespreadingprocessofdumplings.B．Thepossibleoriginsofdumplings.C．Differencesbetweenvariousdumplings.D．Reasonsforthepopularityofdumplings.11．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribedumplingsaccordingtothepassage?A．Delicious. B．Diverse. C．Unusual. D．Regional.閱讀理解SoniaKleindorferwasanewdirectoroftheKonradLorenzResearchCenterinAustria.Atherinstitute,KonradLorenzwasafamousAustrianzoologistwhocouldcorrectlynameeachkindofgoose,whichmadeKleindorferfeelacertainamountofpressure."Icandofive,butwhenthenextfivecome,Istarttohaveamentalmeltdown,"shesays.Soshecontactedamoretechnically-mindedcolleagueandaskedhim:Couldhewriteaprogramtodistinguishthesefaces?Hesaid,yes,buthe'dneedadatabaseofgeesephotostoworkwith.Kleindorfergotherteamoutthere,snappingpicturesofthegeesefromeveryangle.Afterbuildingthedatabase,theywroteapieceoffacialrecognitionAlthatcouldIDagoose,bylookingatspecificfeaturesofitsbeak（喙）.Afteracoupleofyears,theteamreportsthattheirgooserecognitionsoftwareisnowabout97%accurate."Geesehavesuchdrama—therearearchrivals（勁敵）,andjealousyandretribution（報答）,"Kleindorfersays.Tofindouthowfacesfiguredintothisdrama,shepresentedthegeesewithfull-sizedpicturesofthemselves,theirpartners,oranothermemberoftheflock.Sheshowedevidencethatgeeseseemedtorecognizephotosoftheirpartnersandfriends,butnotthemselves.Forfurtherstudy,SoniaKleindorferhopesbirdwatcherswillsomedaybeabletosnapapictureofagoose,IDit,andshareitslocationwithscientists.Butsheadds,justremember,hernewresearchsuggeststhatbirdwatchinggoesbothways:Geesecanrememberfacestoo."Ifyouareevernotkindtoagoose,"shewarns,"thatgoosemayfindyouagain."Kleindorferthinksthatfacialrecognitionisgoingtoplayareallyimportantroleinconservationandecology."Weneedmorecomputerscientiststrainedinbehavioralecologyandweneedmoreconservationscientiststrainedincomputerscience,"shesays."Butworkingtogether,Ithinkwecandothis."12．WhatwastheproblemofSoniaKleindorferatwork?A．Shewasalwaysstressed.B．Shewasnotabletocountthegeese.C．Shesufferedamentalillness.D．Shecouldn'trecognizeallthegeese.13．Howdoestheprogramdistinguishthegeese?A．Bysnappingpicturesofthegeese.B．Bypresentingthefull-sizedpictures.C．Byidentifyingthebeaksinthephotos.D．Bybuildingthedatabaseofthegeese.14．Whatisthefindingofthenewresearch?A．Birdwatchingisadangerousactivity.B．Geesecanlocateandfindhumanbeings.C．Geesehavetheabilityoffacialrecognition.D．Birdwatcherscansnapapictureofagoose.15．WhatdoesKleindorferstressinthelastparagraph?A．Sciencetraining. B．Computerscience.C．Photo-takingskills. D．Cross-subjectstudy二、第一部分閱讀，第二節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howdoweslowdownandeatmoredeliberately?Andwhataresometechniqueswecanusetoeatatahealthypace?16．That'swhenyouuseyoursensestoenjoythefoodandnoticehowitmakesyoufeel.Thefirsttipistotakeatleast20minutestofinishyourmeal.Veryoftenwefindourselveseatingwhiledoingsomethingelse,andthatcanmakeuseatfasterthanwenormallywould.Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendabout20minutesdoingso.17．18．Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.Theycaninterferewithyourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull.Spendtimetoeatandonlyeat.Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou'renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough.Noticingallthelittledetailsaboutyourfoodwouldhavegreatbenefitsaswell.19．Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal.Askyourself:what'sonmyplate?HowhungryamItoday?Isittoosalty?Noticethesmell,thetextureandwhateverothersensesthatariseasyoueat.Insteadofwolfingdown,don'tforgettoactuallychew.Ifyou'reinhaling（吸入）yourfoodyou'reprobablynotchewingit.20．Lookateachbitebeforepoppingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou'reeatingandchew,chew,chew.A.Puttingyourphoneawayisalsoadvisable.B.So,you'dbettereatinamorehealthyway.C.Second,removefoodthatwouldmakeyoudistract.D.Expertssharehelpfultipsonhowtoeatmoremindfully.E.Expertssuggestthatchewingisanimportantpartofdigestion.F.Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich.G.Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull.三、第三部分語言運用，第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空格處的最佳選項。In9thgrade,Ijoinedamilitarytraining(軍訓(xùn))camp.Thespecialeye-openerforcedmyfriendsaway,whowere21．tobeawayfromtheirfamilieswhileIturnedexcitedatthe22．.Inthecamp,the23．wasthefirstchallenge.Honestly,Istartedtobe24．tomyparents,whohadinsistedondoingmypartathome.It'snotaseasyasitsounds.Nottomention,theyhadtodoeverythingthemselves,fromdishesto25．,foruswithoutcomplaint.Butinthecamp,wegotonly20minutesduringthebreaktomakeourbeds,sweeptheflooranddothewashing.Besides,fromthemomentIarrived,thecampimpressedmemostwithasenseof26．.Thedayswerelonganddemanding,filledwith27．designedtopushustoourlimits.Wehada(an)28．instructorwhistlingloudlyat5a.m.WakenupearlyoncoldDecembermornings,wewere29．torunfourlapsbeforebreakfast.Itwasareal30．.Ifonefailed,thewholeteamgottwomorelaps.Gradually,thepain31．.LaterinthemountainclimbingcompetitionwithBoyTeam,weGirlTeamwasthechampion!Afterthosefreezingmornings,we32．it.Eachmemberofourteamworkedsohardonourskills.33．,thesharedexperiencestaughtusalessonof34．.Wereliedoneachotherforsupport.Overall,theexperience,likethesuninthatwinter,warmsmyheartand35．myway.21．A．eager B．pleased C．a(chǎn)fraid D．hesitated22．A．potential B．a(chǎn)dventure C．campaign D．gathering23．A．homesickness B．routine C．standard D．housework24．A．grateful B．pitiful C．respectful D．devoted25．A．washing B．workoutC．schedules D．relationships26．A．boredom B．urgency C．security D．discipline27．A．systems B．strategies C．challenges D．tracks28．A．enthusiastic B．strict C．considerate D．responsible29．A．commanded B．a(chǎn)dvised C．expected D．persuaded30．A．treat B．thrill C．struggle D．shame31．A．easedup B．paidoff C．fadedaway D．camealong32．A．took B．meant C．got D．made33．A．Furthermore B．Still C．However D．Anyway34．A．sportsmanship B．teamworkC．friendship D．order35．A．changes B．follows C．lights D．clears四、第三部分語言運用，第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnachillyDecembermorninginBeijing,ZhangTing36．(rise)at6a.m.andstartedtodressforhertriptotheSummerPalace.Twohourslater,thestylish28-year-old,ahip-hopsinger-songwriter,37．(wear)hanfu—traditionalChinesecostume,arrivedattheSummerPalace,animperialgardenestablishedduringtheQingDynasty(1644-1911)and38．UNESCOWorldHeritagesite.Shevisitedhere39．(gain)inspirationforanewsong,forwhichsheplannedtomixelementsof40．(tradition)Chineseculturewithherownstyleofmusic,knownasguofeng,ormusicwithaChineseflavor.Zhangjoinedaworkshop41．（launch）byaplatformaimedatsupportingandcultivatingoriginalChinesemusicandindependent42．（musician）fromChina.Soonafterward,shewrotethesongHongYuinmemoryofLiangHongyu,arespectedheroineduringtheSongDynasty（960-1279）."Imagesofthesefemalerolescameinstantlytomind43．IsawtheancientstageattheSummerPalace,"shesaid.Thethree-dayactivitybroughttogethersinger-songwritersfromaroundthecountryandtargetednewsongsfeaturingelementsofguofeng.LiLiang,headoftheprogram,said,"Youngpeoplegrowupwiththeinternetandareopen44．differentcultures.Theyarenowembracing45．（they）ownculturalaesthetics（美學(xué)）,whichismeaningful."五、第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46．第一節(jié)假定你是李華，新的一年到了，你的英國好友Jim來信說他去年的新年計劃未能落實，感到苦惱，向你詢問按時實施計劃的方法。請你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示理解；2.你的建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。3.參考詞匯：新年計劃NewYearresolutionDearJim,Yours,LiHua47．第二節(jié)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。EverytimeIthinkofthecardattachedwithapicture,itremindsmethatsuccessisimportant,butwhynotsometimesjustadmitthejourney,regardlessofsuccessorfailure,andshowourapproval?Ourapprovalmaybringusanotherstory,whileforothers,anotherchapteroflife.Onemonthago,Iwastemporarilyappointedtobeinchargeofaclass,whentheyjustfinishedanimportantexam.Aboywalkingoutoftheclassroomwithhisfriendsgreetedmehappily.Thesunnysmileonhisfaceshowedhisconfidenceintheexam.HewasMark,atopAstudent.Duringthefollowingdays,Markimpressedmewithhisoptimisminclassandafterclass.OneMondaymorning,asIrushedtowardsmyoffice,IencounteredMark.Wegreetedeachother,buthis"goodmorning"facewasn'tasbrightasusual."Maybehedoesn'tlikeMondayasmuchasIdo."Ithoughtjokingly.Attheoffice,Mark'sless-than-enthusiasticlookremindedmeofhissunnysmile.Recallingthefirsttimewemet,Idrewaboywithabroadsmileandsparklingeyes.Asanewteacher,pupilslikeMarkweremyfavourite.Personally,theylearnedbyheart,andalwaysmetourexpectations.Moreover,theywereeasilysatisfied.Evenasimple"Welldone!"couldbrightentheirday.Toencouragestudents,Ihadmyownawardsystem,includingemptycards,whereIwouldwritethreeorfoursentencesofencouragementbasedonstudents'individualsituations.AsIenjoyedthepleasureofgettinganewidea,Iheardaknockatthedoor.ItwasMark,dragginghisfeetwithhisheaddown,"Madam,I'mupset."Hiswordsamazedme.Whatcouldmakesuchanexcellentstudentsodown?Iaskedifhehadproblemswithhisfriends,butheshookhishead.Concerned,Iinquiredifhewasbeingbullied,butreceivedthesameresponse."Doyourparentsputpressureonyou?"Iwondered.Asforthisquestion,Mark'svoicebegantotrembleandheloweredhisheadagain,whispering,"Theytrustmeandexpectmetogetbetterandbetter.IhadbeendoingmybestbutIgotthethirdplaceintheexam."注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Hearinghiswords,Iwaslostinthought.Withmyencouragement,Markopenedthecard.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四家靠近愛丁堡必游景點的最佳酒店。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)WildeApartHotel部分中的"Thehotelfeatureswell-appointed(設(shè)備齊全的)servicedapartmentsthathavefullyequippedsmallkitchens,freeWiFi,andcarparkingnearby.Theapartmentsareidealforthosewhoarestayinginthecityformorethananightortwoandwouldliketohaveasmallkitchentoenjoybreakfastorlunch."酒店設(shè)有設(shè)備齊全的服務(wù)式公寓，配有設(shè)備齊全的小廚房、免費WiFi和附近的停車場。這些公寓非常適合那些在城市里住一兩個晚上以上，且想要有一個小廚房來享用早餐或午餐的人?？芍?，王爾德公寓酒店有設(shè)備齊全的小廚房，適合那些喜歡自己做飯的顧客。故選B。2．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)ScotsmanHotel部分中的"OriginallybuiltasTheScotsmannewspaperofficesin1905,ScotsmanHotelhasbeencarefullyrestoredintoninefloorsofroomsandsuiteswithcommandingviewsoverthecity."蘇格蘭人酒店建于1905年，最初是《蘇格蘭人報》的報社，現(xiàn)已精心修復(fù)為九層客房和套房，可俯瞰城市美景?？赏茰y出，蘇格蘭人酒店特殊的起源讓其不同于其他酒店。故選A。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)本文標題"TheBestHotelsinEdinburghClosetotheMust-SeeSights"；第一段中的"Herearesomeselectedhotels,rangingfromiconicfive-starinstitutionstonewapartmenthotels."以下是一些精選酒店，從標志性的五星級機構(gòu)到新型公寓酒店；以及最后一段"WehopeyoulovetheEdinburghhotelswerecommend!"我們希望你喜歡我們推薦的愛丁堡酒店！可知，本文為游客推薦了一些精選酒店，這些酒店靠近愛丁堡的必看景點?？赏茰y，本文最有可能出自一個游客網(wǎng)站。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．A5．B6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者到寧夏回族自治區(qū)西海固袁河中學(xué)給當?shù)剞r(nóng)村孩子上一節(jié)英語課，學(xué)校的大多數(shù)孩子都是貧困家庭的留守兒童，學(xué)校在照顧農(nóng)村孩子方面做出了許多努力。作者還參觀了寧夏師范學(xué)院，作者在這里感受到了政府對寧夏農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育的支持。在和一位公費學(xué)生聊天的過程中，這位學(xué)生告訴了作者他畢業(yè)后想要給家鄉(xiāng)的貧困孩子傳播知識。作者感受到了鄉(xiāng)村教育對扶貧的重要性。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Afterclass,wechattedalot,andtheywonderedabouteverything,using‘outsideworld'asatermtodescribethewiderglobeformanytimes."下課后，我們聊了很多，他們對一切都很好奇，多次用‘外面的世界'這個詞來形容更廣闊的世界?？芍⒆觽儗ξ粗氖澜绶浅：闷?，所以多次提到"外面的世界"。故選A。5．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段"Takingcareofruralchildrenisessential.Theschooloffersboardingservicesandfreebreakfastandlunchtothestudents,whocanalsovideochatwiththeirparentsdaily.Tobettercareforthevillagechildren,theschoolprovidesoutdoorhiking,technology,art,andforeignlanguageprogramstohelpthemunderstandtheoutsideworld.Afterall,high-qualityeducationtodisadvantagedvillagechildrenisthekeytopoverty-alleviation(扶貧)efforts."照顧農(nóng)村兒童至關(guān)重要。學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供寄宿服務(wù)和免費早餐與午餐，學(xué)生還可以每天與家長視頻聊天。為了更好地照顧村里的孩子，學(xué)校提供戶外徒步旅行、技術(shù)、藝術(shù)和外語課程，幫助他們了解外面的世界。畢竟，為貧困農(nóng)村兒童提供高質(zhì)量的教育是扶貧工作的關(guān)鍵?？芍谌沃饕榻B了學(xué)校對農(nóng)村貧困兒童在生活和教育上的幫助。故選B。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"In2013,localandcentralgovernmentslaunchedpublic-fundedprogramstorecruitstudentsinterestedinbecomingteachersinNingxia'sruralvillagesanddistricts."2013年，地方和中央政府啟動了公共資助項目，招收有興趣在寧夏農(nóng)村地區(qū)當教師的學(xué)生?？赏茰y出，當局通過重視教育來支持寧夏農(nóng)村地區(qū)。故選B。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Yangtoldmethatknowledgeisthekeytoleadingabetterlifeaswellasunderstandingtheworld.Alackofknowledgeisoneofthemainfactorsofbeingpoor."楊告訴我，知識是過上更好生活的關(guān)鍵，也是了解世界的關(guān)鍵。缺乏知識是貧窮的主要因素之一?？赏茰y出，楊認為扶貧始于教育。故選D。【答案】8．A9．D10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有關(guān)餃子傳播的一些歷史。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和段落大意四個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic(游牧的)TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause‘manti,'meaning‘dumpling'or‘steamedbun'inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfordumplinginseveralotherlanguages."但一些學(xué)者懷疑，它們最早是由生活在中國西部和中亞的突厥游牧民族傳播的。之所以會被認為是這種情況，是因為"manti"在許多突厥語中的意思是"餃子"或"饅頭"，在其他幾種語言中似乎是餃子的詞根?？芍捎谕回收Z的"manti"在其他幾種語言中似乎是餃子的詞根，所以突厥民族被懷疑是最初傳播餃子的人。故選A。9．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears."在接下來的一千年里，餃子在中國繼續(xù)流行并多樣化?？芍谕回手蟮囊磺昀?，餃子繼續(xù)受到人們的喜愛，并且出現(xiàn)了多種形式，可推知"dumplingscertainlygatheredsteaminancientChina"表示的是餃子無疑在古代中國很受歡迎。gathersteam意為"受歡迎，流行"，故選D。10．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段中的"BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope."除了突厥部落，一些學(xué)者認為蒙古帝國也對餃子的傳播做出了貢獻，也許將餃子引入了東歐的部分地區(qū)；以及"TheMongolEmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans‘littlelumps'.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese‘jiaozi'werebroughttoJapan."蒙古帝國也控制了朝鮮，并可能在那里引入了餃子。后來，隨著中國餃子品種被引入更多的國家，講英語的人開始稱它們?yōu)轱溩樱馑际恰∧[塊'。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，中國的‘餃子'被帶到了日本。可知，第四段主要講述了餃子的傳播過程。故選A。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian(素食)dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods."在接下來的一千年里，餃子在中國繼續(xù)流行并多樣化。一些社會選擇了素食餃子，而不是傳統(tǒng)的肉餡。人們開發(fā)了新的烹飪方法；以及最后一段中的"However,wecanappreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious."然而，我們可以欣賞到使餃子如此多樣化的神秘歷史之網(wǎng)。可知，餃子經(jīng)過千年來的發(fā)展演變，有了不同的口味和烹飪方法，可推知，用"多樣化"最能描述餃子。故選B?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．C14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述了SoniaKleindorfer及其團隊開發(fā)了一款用于鵝面部識別的人工智能工具，這個工具現(xiàn)在大約有97%的準確度。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Atherinstitute,KonradLorenzwasafamousAustrianzoologistwhocouldcorrectlynameeachkindofgoose,whichmadeKleindorferfeelacertainamountofpressure.‘Icandofive,butwhenthenextfivecome,Istarttohaveamentalmeltdown,'shesays."在她的研究所，康拉德·洛倫茲是一位著名的奧地利動物學(xué)家，他能正確地說出每一種鵝的名字，這讓克蘭多夫感到了一定的壓力。她說:"我可以認出五種不同的鵝，但當接下來的五種接踵而來時，我的精神就開始崩潰。"可知，SoniaKleindorfer在工作中的問題是她不能認出所有的鵝。故選D。13．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Afterbuildingthedatabase,theywroteapieceoffacialrecognitionAIthatcouldIDagoose,bylookingatspecificfeaturesofitsbeak(喙)."在建立數(shù)據(jù)庫后，他們編寫了一段面部識別人工智能，可以通過觀察鵝喙的特定特征來識別鵝?？芍摮绦蚩梢酝ㄟ^識別鵝喙來區(qū)分鵝。故選C。14．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Butsheadds,justremember,hernewresearchsuggeststhatbirdwatchinggoesbothways:Geesecanrememberfacestoo."但她補充道，只是要記住，她的新研究表明，觀鳥是雙向的：鵝也能記住面孔。知，這項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鵝也有面部識別的能力。故選C。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"‘Weneedmorecomputerscientiststrainedinbehavioralecologyandweneedmoreconservationscientiststrainedincomputerscience,'shesays.‘Butworkingtogether,Ithinkwecandothis.'""我們需要更多受過行為生態(tài)學(xué)培訓(xùn)的計算機科學(xué)家，也需要更多受過計算機科學(xué)培訓(xùn)的保護科學(xué)家。"她說。"但通過合作，我認為我們可以做到這一點。"可知，Kleindorfer認為需要受過行為生態(tài)學(xué)培訓(xùn)的計算機科學(xué)家和受過計算機科學(xué)培訓(xùn)的保護科學(xué)家，但可以通過合作達到目的?？赏茰y出，她強調(diào)了要跨學(xué)科合作研究。故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．D；17．G；18．A；19．F；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何在吃飯時以健康的速度有意識地進食。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇健康類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Howdoweslowdownandeatmoredeliberately?Andwhataresometechniqueswecanusetoeatatahealthypace?"我們?nèi)绾畏怕俣龋佑幸庾R地進食？我們可以使用哪些方法來用健康的速度進食？詢問如何才能緩慢且有意識地健康飲食；以及空后"That'swhenyouuseyoursensestoenjoythefoodandnoticehowitmakesyoufeel."這時你會用你的感官來享受食物，并注意到它給你的感覺。講述了達到這種飲食狀態(tài)時的效果，可知，空處應(yīng)講述有這么做的一些方法，D.Expertssharehelpfultipsonhowtoeatmoremindfully."專家們分享了一些關(guān)于如何吃得更專心的有益建議。"符合語境，故選D。17．根據(jù)空前"Whenyousitdowntoeat,spendabout20minutesdoingso."當你坐下來吃飯時，花大約20分鐘的時間進食。講述了吃飯要用大約20分鐘的時間，空處應(yīng)講述這么做的道理，G.Ittakesaboutthattimeforyourbodytogetthesignaltothebrainthatyouarefull."你的身體需要大約那么長時間才能向大腦發(fā)出飽腹的信號。"符合語境，故選G。18．根據(jù)空后"Removealldistractionswhileyoueat.Theycaninterferewithyourabilitytoenjoyyourfoodandnoticewhenyouarefull."在吃飯的時候去除所有干擾。它們會干擾你享受食物和注意飽腹的能力；以及"Makesureyourcellphoneisfacedownandyou'renotgoingtoberespondingtoanymessagesthatcomethrough."確保你的手機正面朝下，不會回復(fù)任何傳來的信息。可知，本段主要講述了吃飯時要拿走會干擾注意力的手機，A.Puttingyourphoneawayisalsoadvisable."把手機收起來也是明智的。"符合語境，故選A。19．根據(jù)空后"Onewaytoslowdownistoengageyoursensesandthinkthroughallthedetailsaboutyourmeal."放慢速度的一種方法是運用你的感官，仔細思考你這頓飯的所有細節(jié)。講述了放慢速度的一種方法是注意有關(guān)這頓飯的所有細節(jié)，所以空處應(yīng)是說你或許想知道如何放慢速度，F(xiàn).Youmightwonderhowtospend20wholeminuteseatingasandwich."你可能想知道如何花整整20分鐘吃一個三明治。"符合語境。故選F。20．根據(jù)空前"Insteadofwolfingdown,don'tforgettoactuallychew.Ifyou'reinhaling(吸入)yourfoodyou'reprobablynotchewingit."與其狼吞虎咽，別忘了實實在在地咀嚼。如果你吸入食物，你可能沒有咀嚼；以及空后"Lookateachbitebeforepoppingitintoyourmouth,acknowledgewhatyou'reeatingandchew,chew,chew."在把每一口咬進