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Unit1
PartOne
ADogfromNowhere
BackgroundInformationHuntingHuntingisthepracticeofpursuinglivinganimals(usuallywildlife)forfood,recreation,ortrade.Inpresent-dayuse,thetermreferstolawfulhunting,asdistinguishedfrompoaching(偷獵),whichisthekilling,trappingorcaptureofthehuntedspeciescontrarytoapplicablelaw.Thespecieswhicharehuntedarereferredtoasgame
(獵物)andareusuallymammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)andmigratory
(移棲)ornon-migratory
gamebirds.HuntingbecameasportinmedievalEurope,whereitwasreserved,asfaraspossible,fortheprivilegedclassesbygamelaws.Falconry
[獵鷹訓(xùn)練術(shù)]
andfoxhuntingbecameincreasinglypopularinEnglandintheMiddleAges,andtheuseofhuntingdogs---hounds[獵狗],
setters[塞特種獵狗],pointers[能站住用鼻尖指示獵獲物所在處的獵狗],
spaniels[長(zhǎng)耳獵犬]
andthelike–becamewidespreadinthisperiod.Typesofhuntingarealsodistinguishedbythesizeoftheanimalbeingsought.Big-gamehuntingisthemostglamorousandoftenthemostdangerous.ItbecameapopularsportamongWesterncolonialistsinAfricaandIndiaduringthe19thcentury,andeventodaythebig-gamesafari
(科學(xué)考察,游獵)遠(yuǎn)征(隊(duì))(特指在非洲東部)
survives.Big-gameanimalsincludethemoose駝鹿
,caribou[馴鹿]
,bear,andelk
[麋,大角鹿]
ofNorthAmerica;thereindeer[馴鹿]
,elk,andwolfofEurope;thetiger,leopard[豹]
,elephant,andwildgoatofAsia;andtheantelope羚羊
,gazelle瞪羚
,zebra斑馬
,leopard[美洲豹]
,lion,giraffe長(zhǎng)頸鹿
,rhinoceros犀牛
,andelephantofAfrica.Small-gamehunting,knownas“shooting”inGreatBritain,focusesonbirdssuchasthequail鵪鶉
,partridge鷓
,grouse松雞
,pheasant野雞
,andgoose,aswellasonsuchanimalsasthehare野兔
,rabbit,woodchuck土撥鼠類
,raccoon
浣熊,貉子
,andsquirrel松鼠
.Extensivehunting,bothcommercialandrecreational,hasmademanyspeciesofgameanimalsextinct(thepassengerpigeon)ornearlyextinct(theAmericanbison).GamelawsandwildliferefugesintheUnitedStateshavebeendesignedtosavegameanimalsandbirdsfromextinction.2.DogcultureIndifferentsocietyandculture,peoplemaygivedifferentculturalconnotations(隱含意義)tothesameword.“Dog”isacommendatory(表?yè)P(yáng)的)terminEnglishwhileitisaderogatory(貶低的)terminChinese.
Inwesterncountries,peoplenotonlyjusttakedogsastheirpets,buttheirbestfriendsandtheirrelationshipisverycloseandintimate.Somepeopletreattheirpetsliketheirownchildrenorevenlikethehousegods.Theyspeaktodogs,sleepwiththemandwashthemregularly.Theybuythebestfoodtofeedtheirdogs,buythedog’sclothesandgivethedogssleepingbunk.Therearemanyvets(獸醫(yī))andmanypetsshopsintheWest.
Peoplewon’teatdogs’meat.Dogs’meatcanrefertomeatfordogs.It’sakindoffoodfordogs.Italsocanrefertodogs’bodiesconsumption,buttheythinkitiscrueltoeatdogs’meat,andtheyfeelsicktodoso.Theylovedogs.Theytakedogsastheirbestfriendssothattheywon’teatthem.
RelatedproverbsLove
me,
love
my
dog.愛(ài)屋及烏Every
dog
has
his
day.凡人皆有得意日Barking
dogs
seldom
bite.吠犬不咬人A
good
dog
deserves
a
good
bone.立功者受獎(jiǎng)He
worked
like
a
dog.他工作很賣(mài)力Let
sleeping
dogs
lie.莫惹是非A
living
dog
is
better
than
a
dead
lion.死獅不如活狗/凡事講求實(shí)際An
old
dog
barks
not
in
vain.老狗不亂咬/老年人做事有經(jīng)驗(yàn)Dogdoesnoteatdog.物不傷其類。其他的詞語(yǔ)還有:top
dog指經(jīng)奮斗而居高位者;競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中奪魁者,優(yōu)勝者a
lucky
dog(幸運(yùn)兒),a
dog's
life(苦難的日子,潦倒)
dog
days(三伏天)beinthedoghouse(受冷遇,失寵)等
FurtherInformationonText-RelatedDetails1.alost-and-found(AmericanEnglish)orlostproperty(BritishEnglish):Usuallyfoundatlargepublicplaces,itiswherevisitorscangotoretrievelostarticlesthatmayhavebeenfoundbyothervisitors.Frequentlyfoundatmuseums,amusementparts,schools,etc.,alost-and-foundwilltypicallybeaboxorroominalocationnearthemainentrance.Itwouldbeclearlymarkedsothatanyonewhohasfoundamisplacedarticlecanfindit.2.Pittsfield[皮茨菲爾德]
:
ItisthelargestcityinBerkshireCounty,Massachusetts,theUSA.Thepopulationwas45,793atthe2000censusandremainsrelativelystable.ItisoneofthepopulationcentersofWesternMassachusetts.3.shotgun[散彈槍,鳥(niǎo)槍,獵槍]
Ashotgunisafirearmtypicallyusedtofireanumberofsmallsphericalpellets[球形小子彈]
calledshot.Sincethepoweroftheexplodingchargeisdividedamongthepellets,theenergyofanyoneballofshotisfairlylow,makingshotgunsusefulprimarilyforhuntingbirdsandothersmallgame.4.BunkerHill
邦克山(一座矮山,32.6米(107英尺)高,位于馬薩諸塞州波士頓的一個(gè)地區(qū),查爾斯頓。美國(guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期第一次主要的戰(zhàn)役就于1775年7月17日發(fā)生在附近的布里德山).
BunkerHillisoriginallyreferredtoasahillinBoston,MassachusettsandafamousbattleoftheAmericanRevolutionaryWarwasfoughtnearthehill.Later,severalUSwarshipsarenamedafterthebattlegroundincludingtheEssexClassaircraftcarrierUSSBunkerHill(CV-17)(邦克山號(hào)航空母艦)
andtheTiconderogaclasscruiserUSSBunkerHill(CG-52)(巡洋艦邦克山號(hào))5.NewGuinea[新幾內(nèi)亞(島)〔西太平洋〕]
LocatedjustnorthofAustralia,itistheworld’ssecondlargestisland.Thecurrentpopulationoftheislandisabout6.9million.6.Tennessee
aU.S.statelocatedinthesouthernUnitedStates.In1796,itbecamethesixteenthstatetojointheunion.Tennesseeisknownasthe“VolunteerState”,anicknameitearnedduringtheWarof1812,inwhichvolunteersoldiersfromTennesseeplayedaprominentrole,especiallyduringtheBattleofNewOrleans.ExercisesII.ComprehensionPoints
1.Wouldn’thavestayedheresocontentedly.
(L.5)
Whatistheimplicationofthesentence?
ThesentenceimpliesthatMr.Juneswantedverymuchtokeepthedogandhehadtakengoodcareofhim.
2.I’dhatetoseeafinedoglikethat
–(L.17)
Completethesentence.
I’dhatetoseeafinedoglikethatbetakenawaybysomebodyotherthanitsowner.3.…onesleevehunglimpbyhisside.(L.60)
Whathappenedtohisarm?
Itwaslostinthewar,perhapstheSecondWorldWar.4.I’msureheleftyouproudmemories.(L.80)
Whydidhesayso?ThecrewoftheBunkerHillfoughtbravelyduringthewar,soMr.andMrs.Junesmustbeproudoftheirsonwhowasoneofthegreatcrew.
5.Itwasthenthathopediedintheheatof
Mr.Junes.(L.98)
Whydidhopedieinhisheart?
Becausetheman’sdescriptionofthedogfitexactlyandMr.Junesthoughthemustbetheownerofthedog,hishopeofkeepingthedogdied.
6.Butquicklyheloweredhisheadandturned
away.(L.128)
Whydidhedoso?
Hedidsobecausehewasverysadnow.Heknewthatitwasimpossibleforhimtolearntohuntwithonlyonearm.7.…h(huán)elookedfromonetotheother,abaffled
expressiononhisface.(L.135)
Whywasthereabaffledexpressiononhis
face?
Thedoglovedbothmen,andconsideredbothofthemhisowners.Hewasn’tsurewhichmanheshouldgoto.8.Backatthehouse,theboyhurriedlythankedthem
fortheirhospitalityandwasgone.(L.146)
Whywasheinsuchahurry?
Itwashardforhimtodecidetogiveupthedog.Ifhestayedlonger,hemightbecomesadderandevenchangehismind.Andhewasalsoafraidthatthedogmightshowsignsofrecognizinghim,whichwouldmaketheoldmansuspiciousthathewastherightownerofthedog.9.Ithascomefromadistantcity,andwas
unsigned.(L.156)
Whywasthetelegramunsigned?
Anwhodoyouthinkmighthavesentit?Thetelegramwasunsignedbecausethesenderofthetelegramdidn’twantMr.Junestoknowwhohewas,andhealsoexpectednoreplyfromMr.Junes.Itmustbethetallyoungmanwhohadoncetriedtoclaimthedog.III.Translation1.最后,他在一家市區(qū)銀行里找到了一份工作。在那里他見(jiàn)到了許多錢(qián),但他連摸一下那些錢(qián)的機(jī)會(huì)都沒(méi)有。35年里他呆在同一間辦公室里,坐在同一張辦公桌前,在沒(méi)有盡頭的日子里做著同樣的事情。2.可是狗呢?他一只也沒(méi)有,而且他想要的那種狗很難弄到,既是他有錢(qián)也不行。3.“現(xiàn)在的困難,”他說(shuō),“是找到他的名字。不能隨便給狗起個(gè)名字。我會(huì)再列個(gè)單子?!盞eytoText-RelatedQuestions
1.WhatkindofdreamdidMr.Juneshave?
Wouldthisdreamfinallycometrue?Ifyes,stateyourreasons.
Hisdreamwasthathewouldsomedaygobacktothecountryandpickupwhereheleftoff.Hisdreamcouldcometrue,becausenowatsixty-six,hehadpartofitanyway.Hehadgottenhimselfafarm.Thelandwasn’tmuchgood,butitwasstillafarm.Anditcontainedbigcoveysofquail,whoseclamoringtakeofffilledhimwithatremendousthrill.2.WhatkindofpersonwasMr.Junes?
Obviouslyhewasakindman,whowaswarm-heartedandlovedpeacefullife.3.DidMr.Juneswanttokeepthedog?
Whydidheplaceanadinthenewspaper?Yes,hedid.Becausethelawrequiresthefinderofanylostobjectputanadthreetimesinthelost-and-found.4.Whowastherealownerofthedog?
Whydidn’thetakethedogback?Thetallyoungmanwastherealownerofthedog.Becausehefoundthattheoldmanlovedthedogverymuch,andthedoghadbecomeanimportantpartforhimtomakehislife-longdreamcometrue.What’smore,thedogalsolovedtheoldman.PartTwoWelcometoOurBankBackgroundInformation1.bankteller:
Abankteller[(銀行的)出納員]
isanemployeeofabankwhodealsdirectlywithmostcustomers.Tellersareconsidereda“frontline”inthebankingbusiness.Thisisbecausetheyarethefirstpeoplethatacustomerseesatthebankandarealsothepeoplemostlikelytodetectandstopfraudulent[欺騙性的]
transactionsinordertopreventlossesatabank(i.e.counterfeit[假的]
currencyandcheques,identitytheft,con[欺詐的]
artistschemes,etc.).Thepositionalsorequirestellerstobefriendlyandinteractwiththecustomers,providingthemwithinformationaboutcustomers’accountandbankservices.Mosttellershaveawindow(orwicket[(銀行等的)營(yíng)業(yè)窗口])andacashdrawerfromwhichtheyperformtheirmoneytransactions.Oneofthemoreunnerving[使失去意志力,使喪失勇氣]
scenarios[劇情說(shuō)明]foratellerisabankrobbery.Thesedonotoccurveryfrequentlybutareoneofthemostdangerousthingsthatatellercanexperienceonthejob.
2.bankrobberyBankrobberyisthecrimeofstealingfromabankduringopeninghours.Breakingintoabankwhenitisclosedisburglary.Bankrobberyismostfrequentlyincitiesandlargetowns.Theshareofbankrobberiesinsmalltownsincreasedfromabout20%in1996toaboutonethirdin2002,butthemajorityofbankrobberiesareconcentratedinurbanareas.
Violenttakeovertypebankrobberiesdooccur,butareveryrare.Themajorityofbankrobberiestakingplacetodayaresocalled"notejobs."
Thisisacasewherethebankrobbersimplypassesanotetoatellerinformingthetellerthatarobberyisinprogressandthatthetellershouldhandoverallthemoney.Theideaistoattractaslittleattentionaspossible.Inmostcases,othercustomerspresentinthebankduringsucharobberyarecompletelyunawareofwhatisoccurring.Standardbankpolicyistoavoidviolenceasmuchaspossible,sotheywillnormallyhandoverthemoneyandtrytoadheretotherobber'sdemands.Therobberusuallymakesawaywithcash,buttypicallyinrelativelysmallamounts.Althoughitmaybedifficulttocontrolyourangerinsuchasituation,thebestthingistojustgettherobberoutoftheresothateverybodyissafe.Simplyfollowinstructions,lettheguyhavewhathewants.Thesoonerhegetsitthesoonerhe’llgoaway.Everylawenforcementofficialwilltellyouthesamething:themostheroicactyoushouldtakeinabankrobberyisnoticinganydetailsabouttherobber.Youshouldnottrytostoptherobberybyforce.Lawenforcementwillpursuetherobber.Agitatingabankrobbercanresultinharmtoyourselfand/orothers.it’ssimplynotworthallofthemoneyintheworld.FurtherInformationonText-relateddetails1.audit:
Anauditisanevaluationofanorganization,system,process,projectorproduct.Inaccounting,anauditisanindependentassessmentofthefairnessbywhichacompany’sfinancialstatementsarepresentedbyitsmanagement.Itisperformedbycompetent,independentandobjectivepersons,knownasauditorsoraccountants.2.theboardofdirectors:Inrelationtoacompany,adirectorisanofficerofthecompanychargedwiththeconductandmanagementofitsaffairs.Thedirectorscollectivelyarereferredtoasaboardofdirectors.Sometimestheboardwillappointoneofitsmemberstothechairmanoftheboard.II.ComprehensionPoints
1.Mournfully,GeorgePickenwalkedhomefromworkeveryday,andaskedhimselfthesequestions.(L.48)
WhywasGeorgePickenmournful?Becausethebankwasnotrobbed,andthushehadnochanceoftakinganymoneyfromthebank.Perhapshewasalsomournfulbecauseofadulllife,whichwouldbebrightenedbymoney.2.Itwasassimpleascouldbe,andeverytime
GeorgePickenexaminedtheplan,itseemedmore
certain.(L.59)
Whatwashisplan?Hisplanwas:ifheisrobbed,hewilltaketherestofthemoneyinhiscashbox,andclaimthatallthemoneyhasbeentakenbytherobber.3.…andithadbeenanevenchanceastowho
wouldgetthebusiness.(L.104)
Tellthemeaningofthispartofthesentence.Thispartofthesentencemeans:HeandMissDykeshadthesamechanceofbeingrobbed.4.“Allthemorereasonformetogo,”…(L.151)
Wh
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