2021廣東增城市高考英語語法填空及閱讀類課外自選練習(xí)(5)(答案)

2021廣東增城市高考英語語法填空及閱讀類課外自選練習(xí)（5）（答案）語法填空閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為?的相應(yīng)位置上。THE2,298-kiIometerBeijing-GuangzhouHigh-speedRailway16_____(official)openedtopassengersonDecember26，2022.Itistheworld’slongesthigh-speedrailroute.The17_____(design)speedofthetrackis350km︿,thoughspeedsduringtheinitialperiodofoperationwillbelimitedtoabout300km/h.ThenewroutecutsthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandGuangzhoualmosttwothirds,from22hourstoroughlyeighthours.OnDecember1,2022，notlongbeforetheopeningoftheBeijing-GuangzhouHigh-speedRailway,theHarbin-DalianHigh-speedRailway,19_____firsthigh-speedlineevertocrosslandthatliesfrozenforalmosthalfayear,beganoperations,20_____allowspassengerstoappreciatetheviewoffthecoastfromDalianinthemorning,21_____thewintersnowscapeoffrostyHarbinintheafternoon.Atpresentthetotal22_____(long)ofhigh-speedlinesinChina23_____(reach)9,349km.Withfourmainlines24_____(run)east-westandfournorth-south,thecountry’shigh-speedtrainnetworkistheworld’slargest.Chinaplanstoexpand25_____high-speedrailwaynetworkto50，000km【參考答案】語法填空：16.officially17.designed18.by19.the20.which21.and22.length23.hasreached24.running25.its完形填空。完型填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。FarleyworkedfortheCanadiangovernment.Oneday,hewas__1__tolearnmoreaboutwolves.Dowolveskilllotsofcaribou（北美馴鹿）?Dotheykillpeople?Theygavehimlotsoffoodandclothesandguns.Thentheyputhimonaplaneandtookhimto__2__.Theplaneputhimdownandwentaway.Therewerenohousesorpeopleinthisplace.Buttherewerelotsofanimalsandlotsofwolves.Peopletellterriblestoriesaboutwolves.Theysaywolvesliketokillandeatpeople.Farleyrememberedthesestories,andhewas__3__.Hehadhisgunwithhim__4_.Thenoneday,hesawagroupofwolves.Therewasamotherwolfwithfourbabywolves.Afatherwolfandanotheryoungwolflivedwiththem.Farleywatchedthesewolveseveryday.Themotherwasavery__5__mother.Shegavemilktoherbabies.Shegavethemlessonsaboutlife.Theylearnedhowto__6__food.Thefatherwolfgotfoodforthemother.Theyoungwolf__7__thechildren.Theywereanice,happyfamily—wolffamily!Farleydidnotneedhis__8__anymore.Inashorttime,hegotonwellwiththefamily.Farleywatchedthemforfivemonths.Helearnedthatmanystoriesaboutthewolveswere__9__.Wolvesdonoteatpeople,andtheydonoteatmanylargeanimals.Andhealsolearnedbadthingsaboutmen.Itwasmenwhokilledmanycaribouandwolves.Later,Farleywroteabookaboutwolves.Hewantedpeopleto__10__themandnottokillthem.名師點評狼歷來被世人視為兇殘的動物,事實是否的確如此呢？帶著這一疑問，F(xiàn)arley進行了實地考察，在和狼進行了零距離的接觸后,轉(zhuǎn)變了自己的觀點。本文告知我們要學(xué)會依據(jù)事實說話。()1.A.seen B.told C.heard D.found【解析】B。Farley是政府工作人員。從上下文得知,他是被派去進行調(diào)查和爭辯狼的習(xí)性的，故選told。()2.A.asmalltown B.abigcity C.afarplace D.alonelyvillage【解析】C。依據(jù)下文飛機把Farley送到了一個沒有房屋和人的地方,說明白這個地方不行能是城市,小鎮(zhèn)和村莊故afarplace為正確答案。()3.A.afraid B.happy C.angry D.tired【解析】A。狼吃人的恐怖故事給孤身一人的Farley帶來的應(yīng)是afraid。()4.A.attimes B.allthetime C.onceaweek D.everyafternoon【解析】B。由于Farley可怕,所以槍應(yīng)始終不能離身。allthetime意為“始終、始終”。()5.A.bad B.good C.hungry D.thirsty【解析】B。依據(jù)下文的描述，狼媽媽給孩子們喂奶，對孩子們進行訓(xùn)練，可見是一位好媽媽，故選good。()6.A.cook B.make C.get D.pick【解析】C。狼只能獵取食物,而不能燒食物,生產(chǎn)食物。get合乎文意，為正確答案。()7.A.shoutedat B.lookedinto C.laughedatD.playedwith【解析】D。shoutat意為“朝……大聲叫喊”；lookinto意為“調(diào)查、觀看”；laughat意為“贊揚……”。這三個詞組都不符文意。playwith意為“和……一起玩耍”，合文意為正確答案。()8.A.food B.clothes C.gun D.plane【解析】C。thenicehappywolffamily讓Farley不再可怕，因此也就不再需要槍了，故選擇gun。()9.A.notgood B.nottrue C.noteasy D.notclear【解析】B。由于他的親身體驗與他所聽到的相違反，說明以前關(guān)于狼的說法是不對的,故選nottrue。()10.A.growB.have C.teach D.understand【解析】D。understand意為“了解”合乎文意，為正確答案。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。(2021·太原市二模，B)MARCH05,2021TOKYO(AFP)—AfatherfrozetodeathwhileshelteringhisnineyearolddaughterfromsevereweekendsnowstormsthatsweptnorthernJapan.MikioOkada,oneofatleastninepeoplekilledassnowstormssweptacrossHokkaido(北海道),diedashetriedtoprotecthisonlychildNatsuneagainstwindsofupto109kilometersperhourinYubetsu,Hokkaido,astemperaturesfellsharplytominus6degreescentigrade.Okada'sbodywasuncoveredbyrescuerslookingforthepairafterrelativesraisedthealarm.Natsunewaswearingherfather'sjacketandwaswrappedinhisarms.Thepairhadlastbeenheardfromat4p.m.onSaturday,afterfishermanOkadapickedhisdaughterupfromaschoolwhereshewasbeinglookedafterwhilehewasatwork.Okadacalledhisrelativestosayhistruckhadbecomestuckinthedrivingsnow,whichwasseveralmetersdeepinplaces.HetoldthemheandNatsunewouldwalktheremainingkilometre.Thetwowerefoundjust300metersfromthetruckat7a．m.onSunday.Okadahadhisbodybentoverhisdaughter,gentlyholdingherinhisarmsandapparentlyusinghisbodyandawarehousewalltoprovideshelter.Thesmallgirlwastakentohospital,whereshewasfoundtohavenoseriousinjuries.Herfatherwasofficiallypronounceddeadbydoctorsatthesamehospital.ThenewspaperYomiurisaidNatsune'smotherhaddiedofillnesstwoyearsearlier.ThepaperquotedneighborsassayingOkadahadbeenanextremelycaringfatherwhowouldoftendelaythestartofhisworkingdaytoenjoybreakfastwithhisdaughter.HisdeathcameasfamiliesalloverJapancelebratedGirls'Day,afestivalinwhichtheygatherathomeanddecoratehouseswithdolls.“HereservedacakeforhisonlydaughterandwaslookingforwardtocelebratingDolls'Festivaltogether，”aneighbortoldtheYomiuri.文章大意：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了在日本發(fā)生的一場暴風(fēng)雪，父親為了疼惜女兒被凍死的感人故事。8．Whenthedisasterhappened,thefatheranddaughterwere________.A．returninghomeaftervisitingrelativesB．just300metersawayfromhomeC．drivinghomeafteravisittoahospitalD．ontheirwayhomefromthegirl'sschool答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段第三、四句“...afterfishermanOkadapickedhisdaughterupfromaschool...histruckhadbecomestuckinthedrivingsnow...”可知，D項正確。9．Whichofthefollowingdoesn'tshowthefather'sloveforhisdaughter?A．Okadacalledhisrelativestosayhistruckhadbecomestuck.B．Okadahadhisbodybentoverhisdaughter.C．OkadahadbeenlookingforwardtoDolls'Festival.D．Natsunewaswearingherfather'sjacket.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章其次段第四句“Okadacalledhisrelativestosayhistruckhadbecomestuckinthedrivingsnow...”只是在陳述一個事實，并不能顯示父女情深。故A項正確。本題可用排解法。10．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Therelativeswerenotcarefulenoughandraisedthealarmtoolate.B．NoonecaredforNatsuneathomewhileherdadwasatwork.C．Therescuers'delayresultedintheavoidabledeath.D．OkadahadjustcelebratedGirls'Daywithhisdaughterbeforehedied.答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段第三句“...whereshewasbeinglookedafterwhilehewasatwork”可推知，在Okada上班時，沒有人照看女兒。故B項正確。11．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．9yearoldgirlmadeorphaninsnowstormB．Snowstormtakesaway9yearoldgirl'sfatherC．FatherdiesshelteringdaughterfromsnowstormD．Japanesedaddiesinsnowstorm答案：C標(biāo)題概括題。依據(jù)文章第一段第一句及對文章的整體描述可知，C項做標(biāo)題最恰當(dāng)。【閱讀理解】Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,M