2022湖南邵東縣高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇和閱讀理解精煉(4)及答案

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。America'sTop4TouristAttractionsBelowyou'llfindthemostpopulartravelandvacationdestinationsintheUS.1．TimesSquare，NewYorkCityThisManhattancrossroadsofcommerceisthetopspotonourlist，thankstoincreasingvisitorstotheBigApplein2008despitetheeconomicturndown.Accordingtostatistics，“80%ofvisitorstoNYCmakeitapointtovisitTimesSquare.”TotalNYCvisitslastyearwere47million，givingusanestimateof37.6milliontravelersthroughthe“CrossroadsoftheWorld”．2．TheLasVegasStrip，Nev.The“NeonTrail”thatmakesuptheheartofSinCityisalsopartofthefederalgovernment'sNationalScenicBywaysProgram，whichdesignatesroadsbasedon“archeological，cultural，historic，natural，recreationalandscenicqualities”．HardtosaywhichofthesequalitiesbestdescribesVegas，butwecandisqualify“natural”．Lastyear，totalvisitorstoLasVegasnumbered37.5million；apollbytheLasVegasConventionandVisitorsAuthorityfoundthatanaverageof80%ofvisitorshadeitherstayedovernightorgambled(賭博)ontheStrip.3．NationalMallandMemorialParks，Washington，D.C.Manyofthenation'siconic(圖標(biāo)的)publiclandmarksarefoundinthe1,000－plusacresoftheNationalMallandMemorialParks，includingtheWashingtonMonument，theLincolnandJeffersonmemorials，andtheKoreanandVietnamWarVeteransmemorials.TheSmithsonianInstitution's19museumsarealsoclosetotheMall；lastyear，thenetworkoffreemuseumsdrewmorethan25millionvisitors.4．FaneuilHallMarketplace，BostonBuiltin1742byPeterFaneuil，awealthyBostonmerchant，F(xiàn)aneuilHallservedasacommercialcenterofthecityforcenturiesandasiteforfamousorations(演說)，likeSamuelAdams'independence－rallyingspeechtocolonists.Faneuilalsoincludestherestored19th－centuryQuincyMarket.Today，shoppersaccountforalargeshareofvisitors.Faneuil'shistoricsignificancevaultsittothestatusofculturalattraction，attracting20millionvisitorseveryyear.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了美國最受歡迎的四個(gè)巡游勝地——位于紐約市曼哈頓區(qū)的時(shí)代廣場和賭博之城拉斯維加斯、華盛頓的國家廣場和紀(jì)念公園以及波士頓的法尼爾廳市場。1．HowmanyvisitorsstayedovernightorgambledinLasVegaslastyear?A．47million. B．37.5million.C．30million. D．25million.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)笫三段的內(nèi)容可知，去年到拉斯維加斯的游客是3750萬，其中80%在那里過夜或者賭博。通過計(jì)算可知選C。答案C2．WecaninferthatmanytouristscometoWashington，D.C.________.A．togetfreeaccesstomuseumsB．toenjoytheviewofitssquareC．toshopinthefamousmarketD．tofindpleasureinnaturalscenery解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三個(gè)景點(diǎn)下面所敘述內(nèi)容的最終一句可推知，很多游客去華盛頓是為了參觀那里免費(fèi)的博物館。答案A.3．WhatdoweknowaboutFaneuilHallMarketplace?A．Itistheoldestmarketintheworld.B．Itsbuildingsdatebackto150years.C．Itisfamousforthevarietyofgoods.D．Itgotitsnamefromarichbusinessman.解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段內(nèi)容可知，始建于1742年的法尼爾廳市場得名于一個(gè)名為PeterFaneuil的富商。答案D。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenDebbieMacomberdecidedtopursueherdreamofbecomingawriter，sherentedatypewriter，putitonthekitchentable，andbegantypingeachmorningbeforethekidswenttoschool.Whenthekidscamehome，shemovedthetypewriterandmadethemdinner.Whentheywenttobed，shemoveditbackandtypedsomemore.Fortwoyears，Debbiefollowedthisroutine.Supermomhadbecomeastrugglingwriterandshewaslovingeveryminuteofit.Onenight，however，herhusband，saidtoher，“Honey，I'msorry，butyou'renotbringinginanyincome.Wecan'tdothisanymore.Wecan'tsurviveonjustwhatImake.”Thatnight，herheartbrokenandhermindtoobusytolethersleep.Shestaredattheceilingintheirdarkenedbedroom.Debbieknew—withalloftheresponsibilitiesofkeepingupahouseandlookingafterfourkids—thatworking40hoursaweekwouldleavehernotimetowrite.Seeingherdespair，herhusbandwokeupandasked，“What'swrong？”“IreallythinkIcouldhavemadeitasawriter，Ireallydo.”Waynewassilentforalongtime，andthensaid，“Allright，honey，goforit.”SoDebbiereturnedtoherdreamandhertypewriteronthekitchentable，poundingoutpageafterpageforanothertwoyears.Herfamilywentwithoutvacations，pinchedpennies，andworehand－me－downs.Butthesacrificeandthepersistencefinallypaidoff.Afterfiveyearsofstruggling，Debbiesoldherfirstbook.Thenanother.Andanother.Untilfinally，today，Debbiehaspublishedmorethan100books，threeofwhichhavebeensoldformovies.Over60millioncopiesareinprint，andshehasmillionsofloyalfans.AndWayne？Allthatsacrificeinsupportofhiswifepaidoffhandsomely.Hegottoretireatage50andnowspendshistimebuildinganairplaneinthebasementoftheir7,000square－footmansion.Debbie'skidsgotagiftfarmoreimportantthanafewsummercamps.Asadults，theyrealizewhatDebbiegavethemwasfarmoreimportant—permissionandencouragementtopursuetheirowndreams.【語篇解讀】本文主要敘述了DebbieMacomber堅(jiān)持不懈地追趕自己的幻想，最終取得成功的故事。1．Herhusbandaskedhertogiveupwritingbecause________.A．hewantedhertodomorehouseworkratherthanjustwriteB．shecouldn'tearnanymoneyanditwashardforthemtomakeendsmeetC．hewantedhertofindabetter－paidjobthatinterestedherD．hethoughtkeepingupahousewasawife'sresponsibility解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段可知她的丈夫感到自己一個(gè)人掙錢實(shí)在難以應(yīng)付家庭的開支，期望她能放棄寫作，去掙錢分擔(dān)家庭的負(fù)擔(dān)，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。答案B。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Debbiespent40hoursinwritingaweekbeforeshesucceededasawriter.B．Debbie'sfamilyoftenwentoutonvacationswithouther.C．Debbie'shusbandgaveuphisownjobtosupportherwriting.D．Debbie'ssuccesshasbroughtherlotsofmoney.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次、三段可知，Debbie作為一個(gè)職業(yè)作家獲得了巨大的成功，改善了家人的生活條件，故D項(xiàng)符合文意。答案D。3．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．Waynedoesn'tbenefitfromherwife'ssuccessB．Debbiehasgreatinfluenceonherchildren'sgoingaftertheirdreamsC．Debbie'skidsallrealizedtheirdreamsasadultsD．Debbieisafailureasamotherwhilesheisasuccessasawriter解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段內(nèi)容可知，Debbie支持鼓舞她的孩子追求幻想，給了孩子們比野營更重要的禮物，Debbie對(duì)她的孩子追求幻想有著極大的影響，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案B。4．What'sprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．Goforit B．AgreatmotherC．Unionisstrength D．Writingpaysmore解析主旨大意題。本文主要敘述了DebbieMacomber堅(jiān)持不懈地追趕自己的幻想，并取得成功的故事，告知我們要努力爭取，堅(jiān)持不懈。Goforit表示“努力爭取”，形象地表達(dá)了文章的主旨。答案A.。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Themulti－millionpoundnewLibraryofBirmingham(LoB)willbethemostvisiblesignofthewaythecityisacceptingthedigitalization(數(shù)字化)ofeverydaylife.Settoopenin2021，the￡188mLoBisalreadybeginningtotakeshapenexttotheBirminghamRepertoryTheatre，withwhichitwillsharesomeequipment.Asdigitalmedia(媒介)isimportanttoits_idea，theprojectisalreadyprovidingchancesforsomeofthemanysmallnewlocalcompaniesworkingatthenewtechnologies.BrianGambles，theLoBprojectdirector，saysitisaboutgivingpeopletherighttoolsforlearning：“Theaimistomixthephysicalwiththedigital，providing24－h(huán)ourserviceswhichcanbeusedthroughmanydifferentways.Itisimportanttoenableustoreachmorepeople，moreeffectively.”Thedigitallibrarywill，hesays，beasimportantasthephysicalone，allowingthedistantuseoftheservices,makingsurethatitisneverclosedtothepublic.EvenbeforetheLoBiscomplete，thepublichasbeenabletogoonlinetovisittheVirtual(虛擬的)LoB，designedbyBaden，theBirminghamvirtualworldsspecialists.NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnabouttheLoB，butthevirtualonehasalsoenabledthoseworkingontheLoBtounderstandthebuildingandhowitwillworkbeforeitevenopens.TwoothersmallBirmingham－baseddigitalcompaniesarealsoworkingontheLoBprojects.Substrat，adigitaldesigncompany，isdevelopingwhatitcallsanexampleofan“enlargedreality”project.Itisabouttheuseofanexcitingsmartphone，animportantpartoftheLoBwhichisintheearlystagesofdevelopment.AndThePeople'sArchiveisanonlinelibraryofhistoricalfiguresofthecitybeingbuiltupbyadigitalcontentcompanyinCahoots，inwhichuserswillbeencouragedtoaddtoandcommentonthematerial.Gamblessays：“Technologywillenableustomakethelibrary'scontentandservicesopentocitizensasneverbefore”【語篇解讀】本文是一則新聞報(bào)道。即將落成的LibraryofBirmingham(LoB)將是伯明翰市接受日常生活數(shù)字化的標(biāo)志。1．Theunderlinedpart“itsidea”inParagraph3referstotheideaof________.A．theequipment B．theprojectC．thedigitalmedia D．thephysicallibrary解析詞義猜想題。第三段中的“theproject”指的是文章中毀滅的“theLoBproject”，結(jié)合畫線部分的上下文語境可知此處講的是數(shù)字媒體對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目很重要，所以B項(xiàng)正確。答案B2．WhilevisitingtheVirtualLoB，thepubliccan________.A．getageneralideaoftheLoBB．meetmanyworld－famousexpertsC．learnhowtoputupalibrarybuildingD．understandhowthespecialistsworkontheproject解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段中的“NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnabouttheLoB...”可知，公眾訪問虛擬LoB可了解LoB的大體狀況。答案A3．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheLoBwhenitopens?eq\x(\a\al(a.Itoffersbetterlearningtools.,b.Itreachesusersindifferentways.,c.Itprovidesuserswithsmartphones.,d.Itallowsuserstoenrichitsmaterial.,e.Itgivesnon－stopphysicalanddigitalservices.))A．a(chǎn)，b，dB．a(chǎn)，c，eC．b，c，dD．b，d，e解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知a、b兩項(xiàng)正確，e項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的其次、三句可知c項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；由倒數(shù)其次段的最終一句可知d項(xiàng)正確。故選A項(xiàng)。答案A4．Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．a(chǎn)computerbook B．a(chǎn)libraryguideC．a(chǎn)projecthandbook D．a(chǎn)newspaperreport解析推理推斷題。文章主要介紹了即將落成的LibraryofBirmingham(LoB)的相關(guān)狀況，最有可能是一則新聞報(bào)道。答案D。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。It'sinterestingtoseehowpeoplemakeuseofthetimetheyspendonpublictransportinIndiancitieslikeDelhiandMumbai.Incrowdedbusesandtrainspeoplemanagetotakeashortnapandsomeevenreachthesnoringstage.Ortheyspreadoutanewspaperovermultiplekneesandarmstoreadaboutthelatestsportresultsorpoliticalcrisis.Thentherearetheexperiencedtravellerswhohavebeenplayingcardswiththesamegroupoverthelastdecadeorso.Theyevenhavetheirspecificseatssowell－wornthatyoucanmakeouttheshapeoftheirbacksides.Thereisnodoubtaboutit.Travellingbypublictransportisbeinginthethickoftheseasonsoflife－asweatylifeinsummerwherepeople，blissfullyunawareoftheriversofsweatrunningdowntheirbrowsandinsidetheirclothes.Atthefirstsmellofaperfumedmanorwomanboardingthestuffybusortrain，mostpeoplefeeltheyarereborn.Duringtherainsyoucan'tavoidgettingwetormuddied.Thewindows，almostalways，arenotaperfectfitandifyou'renotdrenchedbyasudden，heavyrainshowerthenyouareboundtocatchajetsprayofmuddywatercausedbyafellowmotoristdrivingfastthroughapuddle.Therainsareaperfecttimeforpeopletoswitchtheiroldumbrellasfornewones.Sincetherearesomanythatlookalike，it'simpossibletotellwhoseiswhose.Winteristhetimewhenitfeelsgood－oratleastwarm—tobepartofacrowd.Itisamazinghowmuchthecollectivebreathsofahundredorsopeoplecanraisethefreezingtemperatureinside.Lookingatthemassesdressedintheirbrightredpulloversorgreencoats，it'sfuntoimaginewhatfacesliebeneaththeirdarkwoolenhats.Thecoldwinterpasses，makingwayforspring.Itisimpossiblenottoseeeverylittleflowerbythewaysidebloomingproudly.Andthewarmsunmanagestotransmitsomeoftheirpleasantnesstotheinsideofabusortrain.Now，wouldn'titbeperfectifwehadpublictransportworththenameinallourcities?【語篇解讀】一般的畫面，平常的生活，變化的季節(jié)，永恒的旋律，印度的公共交通工具上每天都演繹著平凡人平淡的故事。1．OnIndianpublictransport，youcanalwaysexpecttoseepeople________.A．sleepingandreadingnewspapersB．a(chǎn)rguingandplayinggamesC．enjoyingtheviewandplayingcardsD．carryingumbrellasandwhisperingpolitely解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的內(nèi)容可知在印度的公共交通工具上，可以看到人們?cè)谒X或者在看報(bào)紙。答案A。2．Accordingtotheauthorwhatwillmakepassengersfeelrefreshedwhentravellinginsummer?A．Thecooleveningbreeze.B．Therainpouringovertheirclothes.C．Thejoyofagameofcards.D．Thesweetfragranceofanewpassenger.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句的內(nèi)容可知，一位新乘客散發(fā)出的香味能讓車上的乘客神清氣爽，猶如重生。答案D。3．Ifyouseepeopleincolourfulclothingandbreathingheavily，youareprobablytravellingduringthe________.A．summer B．rainyseasonsC．winter D．spring解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的內(nèi)容可推知，當(dāng)人們穿著各色衣服并且大口呼吸的時(shí)候，這里是”冬季”。答案C。4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．Indianpeopledon'tmindswitchingumbrellaswithothersB．a(chǎn)lmosteveryoneinIndiawearsperfumewhentheygooutC．thebusesandtrainsareoldandinpoorconditionsD．Indiantransportisthemostcrowdedintheworld解析推理推斷題。結(jié)合第三段以及第五段中的內(nèi)容可推知，公共汽車和火車都很破舊。答案C。5．Whatisthetuneoflanguageusedinthispassage?A．Humourous. B．Critical.C．Frightening. D．Concerned.解析推理推斷題。文章生動(dòng)形象地刻畫了印度公共交通工具上的眾生相，依據(jù)文章中的多處細(xì)節(jié)描寫可知作者筆調(diào)“幽默”。后三項(xiàng)分別表示“批判的”“令人恐驚的”“擔(dān)憂的”，都不是本文的寫作風(fēng)格。答案A.2021高考英語（附解析答案）Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Weareatyourservice.Don’t______toturntousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.A．beg B．hesitateC．desire D．seek解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。beg“懇求”；hesitate“遲疑”；desire“渴望”；seek“尋求”。hesitatetodosth.“遲疑做某事”。句意：我們(隨時(shí))為你服務(wù)。假如你還有什么問題，請(qǐng)不要遲疑找我們幫忙。答案B2．Hebetrayedhisfriends______theenemy，whichsurprisedusall.A．to B．forC．with D．by解析“出賣……”應(yīng)當(dāng)用betraysb.to...結(jié)構(gòu)，由此可知正確答案。答案A3．______achievement，lastweek’sministerialmeetingoftheWTOhereearnedalow，thoughnotfailing，grade.A．Intermsof B．IncaseofC．Asaresultof D．Infaceof解析incaseof以防萬一，以免；asaresultof由于……的結(jié)果；infaceof面對(duì)。句意：就成就而言，上周的WTO部長級(jí)會(huì)議雖然沒有失敗，但是收效甚微。答案A4．Thebooksinthelibraryareclassified______subject.A．under B．inC．by D．a(chǎn)s解析classify“分類，歸類”。句意：圖書室的書按科目分類排放。答案C5．Thehistoryteacheroftentellshisstudentsto______theknowledgetheyhavelearnedaccordingtochapters.A．separate B．divideC．classify D．collect解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：歷史老師經(jīng)常讓他的同學(xué)們把學(xué)過的學(xué)問按章節(jié)進(jìn)行分類整理。只有C項(xiàng)有此意，符合這個(gè)語境。答案C6．—Whendidtheaccidenthappen?—______whenIwaswalkinginthestreet.A．Theotherday B．SomedayC．Anotherday D．Otherday解析theotherday幾天前；someday將來的某一天；anotherday改天。答案A7．Ifeelsurethat______qualification，abilityandexperience，youareabundantlysui