湖北省華大新高考聯(lián)盟2024屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語題 含解析

第1頁/共1頁機(jī)密★啟用前(全國卷)華大新高考聯(lián)盟2024屆高三4月教學(xué)質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)英語本試卷共四部分，共12頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.BuyDadasuit.B.Helpwearatie.C.Talkaboutamatch.2.Wherewillthemangofirst?A.Abank.B.Apostoffice.C.Arestaurant.3.Whatisprobablythewoman?A.Acoach.B.Atailor.C.Abarber.4.Whydoesthewomanlikedolphins?A.Becausetheyaregreatswimmers.B.Becausetheyarethebiggest.C.Becausetheyareverysmart.5.Whattimeisitnow?A.5:00p.m.B.9:00p.m.C.10:00p.m.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afriend.B.Aphoto.C.Aproject.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofmostofhispartners?A.Humorous.B.Responsible.C.Unfriendly.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthewomandolastweek?A.Shehadapicnicwithherfriends.B.Shedroppedbyherneighbour.C.Shepickedstrawberriesinthegarden.9.Whydoesthewomanlikethegarden?A.Becauseit’sfullofstrawberries.B.Becauseit’sclosetoherhouse.C.Becauseitmakesherrelaxed.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whathashappenedtothewoman?A.Shehasboughtanewwallet.B.Shehaslosthercreditcard.C.Hercellphonehasbrokedown.11.Wherewerethespeakershalfanhourago?A.Atatheatre.B.Atastation.C.Atarestaurant.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Colleagues.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesthewomanparticularlywantAmytodo?A.Havefun.B.Learnsomethingnew.C.Makesomenewfriends.14.WhatdoweknowaboutCampApplause?A.Itadmitskidsoverten.B.ItisalittlefarfromAmy’shouse.C.Itdoesn’tofferswimminglessons.15.Whatwillthecouplehavetopayextrafor?A.AT-shirt.B.Meals.C.Accommodation.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cook.B.PickupAmy.C.Buyvegetables.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydidthespeakergotoLondoninNovember?A.TovisitLondonlandmarks.B.Totryotherafternoontea.C.ToexperienceLondonredbuses.18.WhatcanwesayabouttheLondonredbus?A.Changeable.B.Classic.C.Safe.19.Whichteabustourdoesthespeakerlikemost?A.TheHalloweentour.B.Theginafternoonteatour.C.TheGrinchmastour.20.Howlongdidthetriplast?A.Severalyears.B.Onemonth.C.Twohours.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMakelifeaseasyaspossiblewithdevicesandgeardesignedtosimplifyyourtravels—whetherthatmeanschargingonthego,neatorganizersorlightweightstorageforno-troublequicktrips.LARQBottleFilter(過濾器)Thisinnovativedrinkingbottlewithalow-pressuresuckerisdesignedtofilterwateronthegowipingoutpollutantssuchaschlorine(氯)forarefreshingtaste.Thefilterwillworkonupto151litresofwaterbeforeneedingtobereplaced—theequivalent(等同)ofaround300single-useplasticbottles.Availablein500ml(￡58)and740ml(￡68)sizes.Stubble&CoAdventureBagThis42-litrebackpackhasaneasy-accessclamshell(翻蓋)designthatopenstorevealzippedpartsofvarioussizes,includingawaterproofpocketforshoes.Italsofeaturesalaptopsleeve,waterbottlepocketandhiddenpartsforvaluables.Availableinblack,olive,blueandorange.￡195.ShokzOpenFitShokz’slightweightearphonessitontopoftheearcanal,meaningthey’recomfortableenoughtowearforlongperiods.The28-hourbatterylifeensuresyouwon’tneedtochargethemonanovernighttrip,thoughit’seasyenoughtodosobyplugginginthesmall,accompanyingcase.TheShokzAppallowsyoutocustomizethecontrols,too.￡179.JulyCarryOnProForthosewhoprefernottocarryluggageontheirbacks,thissmartrolleristheperfectovernighter.Ithastwoseparateinternalparts,awaterproofpolycarbonate(聚碳酸酯)hardshellandazippedfrontpartinwhichtostorealaptop.Theintegrated,removablepowerbankallowstravelerstochargedevicesonthego.￡275.1.WhatisspecialaboutLARQBottleFilter?A.Itisofvarioussizes. B.Itmakesforhealth.C.Itisusedtostorewater. D.Itreplaces300plasticbottles.2.Whichissuitableforlisteningtomusic?A.ShokzOpenFit. B.JulyCarryOnPro.CLARQBottleFilter. D.Stubble&CoAdventureBag.3.Whatisthetext?A.Atraveldiary. B.Alifedescription.C.Ascienceinstruction. D.Asalesadvertisement.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了適合簡化旅行的四種輕便設(shè)備的用途、特點(diǎn)、款型和價(jià)格等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Thisinnovativedrinkingbottlewithalow-pressuresuckerisdesignedtofilterwateronthego,wipingoutpollutantssuchaschlorine(氯)forarefreshingtaste.(這款帶有低壓吸管的創(chuàng)新飲水瓶可以在旅途中過濾水，去除氯等污染物，使水的口感清爽)”可知，LARQBottleFilter可以在旅途中過濾水，使水的口感清爽，即它有利于健康。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Shokz’slightweightearphonessitontopoftheearcanal,meaningthey’recomfortableenoughtowearforlongperiods.(Shokz的輕便耳機(jī)可以放在耳道上方，這意味著它們足夠舒適，可以長時(shí)間佩戴)”可知，Shokz輕巧的耳機(jī)可以放在耳道上方，長時(shí)間佩戴它們足夠舒適，即它可用于聽音樂。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)各個(gè)部分的小標(biāo)題以及段尾的價(jià)格可推知，本文是一則廣告。故選D項(xiàng)。BIhavediscoveredthatIhaveasecondshadowthesedaysasIgooutside.Thisone,however,hasfourlegsinsteadoftwo.Itismydaughter’sadopted,blackcat:MissAlice.EverytimeIgooutthedoorsheiswaitingonmyfrontporch,meowingtobepetted.Thenshefollowsmedownthehilltomycarsometimesrunninginfrontsoshecangetinmywayforevenmorepetting.AndwhenIfinallyreturnhomesheisthereaskingforattentionagain.Itwasn’talwaysthisway.TheveryfirsttimeIsawMissAliceshewashidingundermyhousejusthavinghadafamilyofkittens.WhenIlookedunderthereIgotanangryhiss(噓聲)fromher,warningmeIwasinforaclawingifIgotnearherkittens.Ittookalotoftime,patience,kindness,love,andcatfoodfrommydaughtertotameher.Atfirstshedidn’twanttobetouchedatall.Thenshewouldonlyallowanoccasionalpetting.Nowmydaughtercanpickherupandcarryheruptheroadtoherhouselikealittlebaby.Itstillmakesmesmiletoseehowmydaughter’sloving,caringandsympatheticspirittamedthiswildcatandmadeheraslovableasthemostaffectionatedog.Iguessthatisthepoweroflove.Itcanhealahurtingheart.Itcansaveabrokenspirit.Itcanupliftasunkensoul.Itcanfreeyoufromfear.Itcantransformyourlife.Itcaneventakeaviolent,wildcatandturnherintoapuppydoginacatsuit.Embrace(擁抱)theloveinyourownlifethen.Welcometheloveofyourfamilyandfriendsintoyourlife.Andletyourownloveflowthrougheverythingyouthink,everythingyousay,andeverythingyoudo.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthecatfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itenjoysstayingwiththeauthor. B.Ittendstobeintheauthor’sroad.C.Itisoftenignoredbythedaughter. D.Itgetswellalongwiththedaughter.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tame”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.Feedherup. B.Makehermild. C.Arrangeforher. D.Dressherup.6.Whatmakestheauthorstillsmile?A.Thelovelydog. B.Thedaughter’slove. C.Thecat’sbabies. D.Theharmoniousfamily.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A.Wherethereislife,thereishope.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Loveislifeinitsfullnesslikethecupwithitswine.D.Dowhatyoufear,andfearthatnaturewillfadeaway.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為夾敘夾議文。主要講述作者的女兒花了很多時(shí)間、耐心、善良、愛才馴服了那只貓。這個(gè)故事告訴我們，愛可以征服一切?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“EverytimeIgooutthedoorsheiswaitingonmyfrontporch,meowingtobepetted.Thenshefollowsmedownthehilltomycarsometimesrunninginfrontsoshecangetinmywayforevenmorepetting.AndwhenIfinallyreturnhomesheisthereaskingforattentionagain.(每次我出門，她都在我的前廊等著，喵喵叫著讓我撫摸。然后她跟著我下山，走到我的車前，有時(shí)跑在前面，這樣她就可以擋住我的路，更多地?fù)崦?。?dāng)我終于回到家的時(shí)候，她又在那里請(qǐng)求我的關(guān)注)”可知，這只貓很享受與作者相處的時(shí)間。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“WhenIlookedunderthereIgotanangryhiss(噓聲)fromher,warningmeIwasinforaclawingifIgotnearherkittens.(當(dāng)我往下面看的時(shí)候，她發(fā)出了一聲憤怒的噓聲，警告我，如果我靠近她的小貓，我就會(huì)被抓)”以及后文“Atfirstshedidn’twanttobetouchedatall.Thenshewouldonlyallowanoccasionalpetting.Nowmydaughtercanpickherupandcarryheruptheroadtoherhouselikealittlebaby.Itstillmakesmesmiletoseehowmydaughter’sloving,caringandsympatheticspirittamedthiswildcatandmadeheraslovableasthemostaffectionatedog.(起初，她根本不想被碰。然后她只允許偶爾撫摸一下。現(xiàn)在我女兒可以把她抱起來，像抱小寶寶一樣把她抱回家了?？吹脚畠撼錆M愛心、關(guān)懷和同情的精神馴服了這只野貓，讓她像最深情的狗一樣可愛，我仍然會(huì)微笑)”可知，這幾句話主要講述了作者的女兒馴服那只貓的過程。故劃線詞意思是“使她變得溫和”。故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itstillmakesmesmiletoseehowmydaughter’sloving,caringandsympatheticspirittamedthiswildcatandmadeheraslovableasthemostaffectionatedog.(看到女兒充滿愛心、關(guān)懷和同情心的精神馴服了這只野貓，讓她像最深情的狗一樣可愛，這依舊能讓我微笑)”可知，正是女兒的愛心，依舊能使作者微笑。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Iguessthatisthepoweroflove.Itcanhealahurtingheart.Itcansaveabrokenspirit.Itcanupliftasunkensoul.Itcanfreeyoufromfear.Itcantransformyourlife.Itcaneventakeaviolent,wildcatandturnherintoapuppydoginacatsuit.(我想這就是愛的力量。它可以治愈一顆受傷的心。它可以拯救一個(gè)破碎的靈魂。它能使沉淪的靈魂振作起來。它能讓你擺脫恐懼。它可以改變你的生活。它甚至可以把一只暴力的野貓變成一只披著貓皮的小狗)”結(jié)合本文主要講述作者的女兒花了很多時(shí)間，用耐心、善良、愛和貓糧才馴服了那只貓。這個(gè)故事告訴我們，愛可以征服一切。C項(xiàng)“愛就是充實(shí)了的生命，正如盛滿了酒的酒杯”符合題意。故選C。CIntheSeychellesarchipelago(塞舌爾群島)inEastAfrica,floodinganderosion(侵蝕)causedbyrisingsealevelposeanincomingthreattothecountry’smanylow-lyingislands.Atthesametimeitsmangroveforests(紅樹林),whichserveasavitalaspectagainsttheseimpacts,aredisappearing:Approximately70%ofSeychellesmangroveshavebeendestroyedsincethelate1700sduetohuman-drivendevelopmentandagricultureaswellassoilerosionfromsea-levelrise.TodaytheSeychellesGovernmentisworkingwithlocalcommunityleaderstorestorethemangroves,andnotjustforprotectionagainstrisingsealevel.Researchshowsthattheseforestscanstoreabout2.5milliontonnesofCO2(equaltotaking500,000carsofftheroadforayear),directlyhelpingtofightclimatechange.Theyalsoprovideabreedinggroundforfisheries,asectorthatcontributesone-fifthofthecountry’sGDP,benefitinglocalcommunities’livelihoodandhelpingtoprotecttheislands’livelybiodiversity(多樣性).Whiletheconceptofusingnaturetobenefitbothlivesandlandsisbynomeansnew,globalinterestin“nature-basedsolutions”hasskyrocketedinrecentyears.Manynowseenature-basedsolutionsasakeyapproachforaddressingnotonlyclimatechangebutarangeofsocial,environmentalandeconomicchallenges—frombiodiversityloss,foodsecurityandairpollutiontodiseasecontrolanddeclininglocaleconomies.Yetthereremainswidespreaddebateaboutwhatexactlyconstitutesanature-basedsolutionaswellashowtobestincludethesestrategiesintobroaderclimateandconservationefforts.Thisindeterminationhascontributedtosignificantunder-investment:It’sestimatedthattolimittemperaturerisetobelow1.5degreesC(degreesF),holdbackbiodiversitylossandcontrollanddegradation(惡化),annualinvestmentsinnature-basedapproachesmustbethreetimesby2030.Asnature-basedsolutionscontinuetoriseontheglobalagenda,buildingamoreconsistentunderstandingaroundtheconceptanditsimplicationswillbekeytoraisingsupportforeffective,extensivesolutionsthatbenefitbothpeopleandtheplanet.8.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsfocuson?A.ThediversityofeconomyinEastAfrican.B.TheenvironmentalprotectioninEastAfrica.C.ThedisappearanceofmangrovesinEastAfrica.D.Theoperationofnature-basedsolutionsinEastAfrica.9.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribenature-basedsolutions?A.Novel. B.Effective. C.Ruinous. D.Uncertain.10.Whatistheaimofthenature-basedsolutionsin2030?A.500,000carsaretakenofftheroad.B.Yearlyinvestmentincreasesbydouble.C.Thetemperatureriseislimitedtobelow2.7℃.D.Aconferenceonnature-basedsolutionsisheld.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatExactlyAreNature-basedSolutions?B.WhyAreNature-basedSolutionsontheRise?C.HowCanNature-basedSolutionsHelpFightClimateChange?D.WhatArethePotentialWeaknessesofNature-basedSolutions?【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要闡述全球?qū)Α盎谧匀坏慕鉀Q方案”的興趣急劇上升的原因以及對(duì)此相關(guān)的爭論。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“IntheSeychellesarchipelago(塞舌爾群島)inEastAfrica,floodinganderosion(侵蝕)causedbyrisingsealevelposeanincomingthreattothecountry’smanylow-lyingislands.Atthesametimeitsmangroveforests(紅樹林),whichserveasavitalaspectagainsttheseimpacts,aredisappearing(在東非的塞舌爾群島，海平面上升引起的洪水和侵蝕(侵蝕)對(duì)該國許多低洼島嶼構(gòu)成了即將到來的威脅。與此同時(shí)，作為抵御這些影響的重要方面的紅樹林正在消失)”和第二段的“TodaytheSeychellesGovernmentisworkingwithlocalcommunityleaderstorestorethemangroves,andnotjustforprotectionagainstrisingsealevel.(今天，塞舌爾政府正在與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人合作，恢復(fù)紅樹林，而不僅僅是為了防止海平面上升)”可知，第一、二段主要告訴我們，東非的塞舌爾群島的紅樹林正在消失，當(dāng)今，塞舌爾政府正在與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人合作，恢復(fù)紅樹林，即這兩段主要闡述東非塞舌爾群島正在基于自然實(shí)施解決方案。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Yetthereremainswidespreaddebateaboutwhatexactlyconstitutesanature-basedsolutionaswellashowtobestincludethesestrategiesintobroaderclimateandconservationefforts.(然而，關(guān)于什么是基于自然的解決方案，以及如何最好地將這些策略納入更廣泛的氣候和保護(hù)工作，仍然存在廣泛的爭論)”以及第二句中的關(guān)鍵詞“indetermination(不確定性)”可知，關(guān)于什么是“基于自然的解決方案”，以及如何最好地將這些策略納入更廣泛的氣候和環(huán)保工作當(dāng)中，仍然存在廣泛的爭論，即“基于自然的解決方案”目前具有不確定性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“annualinvestmentsinnature-basedapproachesmustbethreetimesby2030.(到2030年，對(duì)基于自然的方法的年度投資必須增加三倍)”可知，到2030年基于自然的解決方案的目標(biāo)是年度投資必須增加兩倍。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第三段的“Whiletheconceptofusingnaturetobenefitbothlivesandlandsisbynomeansnew,globalinterestin“nature-basedsolutions”hasskyrocketedinrecentyears.Manynowseenature-basedsolutionsasakeyapproachforaddressingnotonlyclimatechangebutarangeofsocial,environmentalandeconomicchallenges—frombiodiversityloss,foodsecurityandairpollutiontodiseasecontrolanddeclininglocaleconomies.(雖然利用自然造福生命和土地的概念并不新鮮，但近年來，全球?qū)Α盎谧匀坏慕鉀Q方案”的興趣急劇上升。許多人現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為，基于自然的解決方案不僅是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的關(guān)鍵途徑，也是應(yīng)對(duì)一系列社會(huì)、環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)挑戰(zhàn)的關(guān)鍵途徑——從生物多樣性喪失、糧食安全和空氣污染，到疾病控制和地方經(jīng)濟(jì)衰。)”并結(jié)合第一和第二段的舉例可知，本文主要闡述了全球?qū)Α盎谧匀坏慕鉀Q方案”的興趣為什么急劇上升。因此B項(xiàng)“為什么基于自然的解決方案在增加”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。DNeuroengineerSilvestroMiceradevelopsadvancedtechnologicalsolutionstohelppeopleregainsensoryandmotorfunctionsthathavebeenlostduetoinjuryeventsorneurologicaldisorders.Untilnow,hehasneverbeforeworkedonstrengtheningthehumanbodyandcognitionwiththehelpoftechnology.NowinastudypublishedinScienceRobotics,Miceraandhisteamreportonhowdiaphragm(隔膜)movementcanbemonitoredforsuccessfulcontrolofanextraarm,essentiallyaugmentingahealthyindividualwithathird-robotic-arm.Forfurtherexploration,theresearchersfirstbuiltavirtualenvironmenttotestahealthyuser’scapacitytocontrolavirtualarmusingmovementofhisorherdiaphragm.Theyfoundthatdiaphragmcontroldoesnotinterferewithactionslikecontrollingone’sphysiological(生理)arms,one’sspeechorgaze.Inthisvirtualrealitysetup,theuserisequippedwithabeltthatmeasuresdiaphragmmovement.Wearingavirtualrealityheadset,theuserseesthreearms:therightarmandhand,theleftarmandhand,andathirdarmbetweenthetwowithasymmetric(對(duì)稱),six-fingeredhand.Inthevirtualenvironment,theuseristhenhintedtoreachoutwitheitherthelefthand,therighthand,orinthemiddlewiththesymmetrichand.Intherealenvironment,theuserholdsontoanexoskeleton(外骨骼)withbotharms,whichallowsforcontrolofthevirtualleftandrightarms.Movementdetectedbythebeltaroundthediaphragmisusedforcontrollingthevirtualmiddle,symmetricarm.Thesetupwastestedon61healthysubjects(受試者)inover150sessions.Previousstudiesregardingthecontrolofroboticarmshavebeenfocusedonhelpingthedisabled.ThelatestScienceRoboticsstudyisastepbeyondrepairingthehumanbodytowardsaugmentation.“Ournextstepistoexploretheuseofmorecomplexroboticdevicesusingourvariouscontrolstrategies,toperformreal-lifetasks,bothinsideandoutsideofthelaboratory.Onlythenwillwebeabletograsptherealpotentialofthisapproach,”concludesMicera.12.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toshowanevidence.C.Tosummarizethegeneralidea. D.Tooffersomebackground.13.Whatarethefourthandfifthparagraphsprobablyabout?A.Avirtualrealitygame. B.Anewmedicaldevice.C.Anewtreatmentmethod. D.Anexperimentonanimals.14.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Bylistingsomerelateddata. B.Byofferingsomeexamples.C.Bymakingsomecomparisons. D.Bydescribingresearchprocesses.15.Whatisprobablycontinuedwiththetext?A.Howtoexpandcontrollableroboticdevices.B.Wheretofindnewandexcitingopportunities.C.Howtofurtherdeveloptherobotmarketpotential.D.Whytobalanceinsideandoutsideofthelaboratory.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，隔膜運(yùn)動(dòng)可以成功控制額外的手臂，即可以用第三只機(jī)械手臂來增強(qiáng)個(gè)體健康。本文介紹了該研究的過程、結(jié)論和未來走向等?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“NowinastudypublishedinScienceRobotics,Miceraandhisteamreportonhowdiaphragm(隔膜)movementcanbemonitoredforsuccessfulcontrolofanextraarm,essentiallyaugmentingahealthyindividualwithathird-robotic-arm.(現(xiàn)在，在《科學(xué)機(jī)器人》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，Micera和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)報(bào)告了如何通過監(jiān)測(cè)隔膜運(yùn)動(dòng)來成功控制額外的手臂，實(shí)質(zhì)上是用第三只機(jī)器手臂來增強(qiáng)健康的個(gè)體)”可知，本段總結(jié)Micera和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)的研究成果，即利用隔膜運(yùn)動(dòng)可以成功控制一只額外的手臂，故本段起概括全文大意的作用。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Inthisvirtualrealitysetup,theuserisequippedwithabeltthatmeasuresdiaphragmmovement.Wearingavirtualrealityheadset,theuserseesthreearms:therightarmandhand,theleftarmandhand,andathirdarmbetweenthetwowithasymmetric(對(duì)稱),six-fingeredhand.(在這個(gè)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)設(shè)置中，用戶配備了測(cè)量隔膜運(yùn)動(dòng)的皮帶。戴上虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)耳機(jī)，用戶可以看到三只手臂：右臂和右手，左臂和左手，以及介于兩者之間的第三只手臂，它有一只對(duì)稱的六指手)”以及第五段“Inthevirtualenvironment,theuseristhenhintedtoreachoutwitheitherthelefthand,therighthand,orinthemiddlewiththesymmetrichand.Intherealenvironment,theuserholdsontoanexoskeleton(外骨骼)withbotharms,whichallowsforcontrolofthevirtualleftandrightarms.Movementdetectedbythebeltaroundthediaphragmisusedforcontrollingthevirtualmiddle,symmetricarm.Thesetupwastestedon61healthysubjects(受試者)inover150sessions.(在虛擬環(huán)境中，然后提示用戶伸出左手，右手或中間的對(duì)稱手。在真實(shí)環(huán)境中，用戶用雙臂抓住外骨骼，這樣就可以控制虛擬的左右手臂。由圍繞隔膜的皮帶檢測(cè)到的運(yùn)動(dòng)用于控制虛擬中間，對(duì)稱手臂。該裝置在61名健康受試者身上進(jìn)行了150多次測(cè)試)”可知，第四和第五段大概是關(guān)于一種新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Forfurtherexploration,theresearchersfirstbuiltavirtualenvironmenttotestahealthyuser’scapacitytocontrolavirtualarmusingmovementofhisorherdiaphragm.Theyfoundthatdiaphragmcontroldoesnotinterferewithactionslikecontrollingone’sphysiological(生理的)arms,one’sspeechorgaze.(為了進(jìn)一步探索，研究人員首先建立了一個(gè)虛擬環(huán)境來測(cè)試健康用戶通過移動(dòng)隔膜來控制虛擬手臂的能力。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，控制橫膈膜不會(huì)干擾控制生理手臂、說話或凝視等行為)”；第四段“Inthisvirtualrealitysetup,theuserisequippedwithabeltthatmeasuresdiaphragmmovement.Wearingavirtualrealityheadset,theuserseesthreearms:therightarmandhand,theleftarmandhand,andathirdarmbetweenthetwowithasymmetric(對(duì)稱),six-fingeredhand.(在這個(gè)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)設(shè)置中，用戶配備了測(cè)量隔膜運(yùn)動(dòng)的皮帶。戴上虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)耳機(jī)，用戶可以看到三只手臂：右臂和右手，左臂和左手，以及介于兩者之間的第三只手臂，它有一只對(duì)稱的六指手)”以及第五段“Inthevirtualenvironment,theuseristhenhintedtoreachoutwitheitherthelefthand,therighthand,orinthemiddlewiththesymmetrichand.Intherealenvironment,theuserholdsontoanexoskeleton(外骨骼)withbotharms,whichallowsforcontrolofthevirtualleftandrightarms.Movementdetectedbythebeltaroundthediaphragmisusedforcontrollingthevirtualmiddle,symmetricarm.Thesetupwastestedon61healthysubjects(受試者)inover150sessions.(在虛擬環(huán)境中，然后提示用戶伸出左手，右手或中間的對(duì)稱手。在真實(shí)環(huán)境中，用戶用雙臂抓住外骨骼，這樣就可以控制虛擬的左右手臂。由圍繞隔膜的皮帶檢測(cè)到的運(yùn)動(dòng)用于控制虛擬中間，對(duì)稱手臂。該裝置在61名健康受試者身上進(jìn)行了150多次測(cè)試)”可推知，作者采用詳細(xì)描述相關(guān)研究過程的手法來論證本文的中心。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ournextstepistoexploretheuseofmorecomplexroboticdevicesusingourvariouscontrolstrategies,toperformreal-lifetasks,bothinsideandoutsideofthelaboratory.(我們的下一步是探索使用更復(fù)雜的機(jī)械設(shè)備，使用我們的各種控制策略，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)外執(zhí)行現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的任務(wù))”可知，本文將繼續(xù)闡述如何拓展可控性機(jī)械設(shè)備的研究。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Autonomy-supportiveparentingisanapproachthatfocusesonbuildingachild’ssenseofagencyintheworldaswellasastrongsenseofself.____16____Weshouldrecognizethatchildrenhaveadifferentperspectiveorexperiencethanadults.Therefore,insteadofpushingadults’wayofthinkingonchildren,adultsshouldletkidsdotheirowncriticalthinkingandsolveproblemsthemselves,whichwillhelpthemtrusttheirabilities.GuidekidstofindtheirownsolutionAsanyparentwithmorethanonechildcantellyou,kidsdevelopdifferently.____17____Whileonechildmayfinditeasytostarttheirhomeworkindependently,theothermightnotbeaself-starter.Sowepushourkidstothenextlevelbyknowingtheirskilllevelandmeetingthemthere.Letkidsfindtheirownfun____18____Itreallyisharmtothem.Italsosetsusuptobetheircruise(航行)directorsatalltimes.That’sahugeburdenonus!Lettingchildrenfindtheirownthingtodowhenboredomstrikesallowsthemtobecomeself-sufficientandusetheirimaginationtofindfunontheirown.Beingsympatheticdoesn’tmeangivinginAnothercharacteristicofautonomy-supportiveparentingisbeingopen,curious,andflexible.Trustingchildrentobeaccountabletothemselves(oractinglikeit)istheonlywayyouwillknowifyourchildwillbearesponsible,independentadult.Forexample,ifyouaskyourchildwhentheythinkisthebesttimetodotheirhomework,andtheytellyouit’sinthemorningbeforeschoolbegins,supportthemandletthemtryit,nomatterhowstrangeitsounds.____19____Don’tforgettosupportyourselfOnceyougraspautonomy-supportiveparenting,you’llseeopportunitiestoputitintopractice.Nomatterhowoldyourkidis,adoptingthisstylewillnotbeeasy.____20____Ifyougethardonyourselfbecauseyou’renotmeasuringup,you’remorelikelytoreturntothecontrollingpractices.A.Itmaywork.B.Ourkidsdon’tknowhowtomanageboredom.C.Thatcanmeanwehavetosupportthemindifferentways.D.Soforgiveyourselfifthingsdon’tgorightonaparticularday.E.Andtheymaynotknowyet,butit’sgoodforthemtothinkaboutit.F.Somedaysarejustgoingtobemoreautonomy-supportivethanothers.G.It’stryingtounderstandchildren’sexperienceofwhat’sgoingonrightnow.【答案】16.G17.C18.B19.A20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹使用自主支持型養(yǎng)育方法時(shí)需要注意的四個(gè)方面?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Weshouldrecognizethatchildrenhaveadifferentperspectiveorexperiencethanadults.”（我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到，兒童的觀點(diǎn)和經(jīng)歷與成人不同。）可知，空處承接下文說的是要理解孩子。故G選項(xiàng)“圖理解孩子們對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的體驗(yàn)”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asanyparentwithmorethanonechildcantellyou,kidsdevelopdifferently.”（任何有不止一個(gè)孩子的父母都會(huì)告訴你，孩子們的發(fā)展是不同的）可知，空處與上文為因果關(guān)系。故C選項(xiàng)“這可能意味著我們必須以不同的方式支持他們”切題，說明了家長應(yīng)該怎么做。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Itreallyisharmtothem.Italsosetsusuptobetheircruise(航行)directorsatalltimes.”（這對(duì)孩子來說是一種傷害，而且需要父母隨時(shí)成為他們的巡航指揮）可知，孩子們不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)無聊，所以帶來了傷害。故B選項(xiàng)“我們的孩子不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)無聊”切題。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Forexample,ifyouaskyourchildwhentheythinkisthebesttimetodotheirhomework,andtheytellyouit’sinthemorningbeforeschoolbegins,supportthemandletthemtryit,nomatterhowstrangeitsounds.”（如果你問你的孩子什么時(shí)候是做家庭作業(yè)的最佳時(shí)間，并且他們告訴你是在早上上學(xué)前，那你就支持他們，讓他們?cè)囈辉?，無論這聽起來多么奇怪）可知，空處說明產(chǎn)生的效果。故A選項(xiàng)“這可能會(huì)奏效”切題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)“Don’tforgettosupportyourself”（別忘了支持自己）以及“Nomatterhowoldyourkidis,adoptingthisstylewillnotbeeasy.”（管你的孩子多大，采用這種方式并不容易）可知，如果某一天事情不順利，請(qǐng)?jiān)徸约?。故D選項(xiàng)“如果某一天事情不順利，請(qǐng)?jiān)徸约骸鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)In2017,BarbaraandJeandecidedtospreadtheholidayspiritwithChristmasgifts.Littledidtheyknowthatthissimpleactof____21____woulddevelopintoaheartwarmingtraditionand,____22____,thecreationoftheirnonprofitorganization,Resident’sHope.Intheir____23____year,theyspentaround$120toprovideChristmasgiftsfor13individualsatNursesHelpingHands.Thejoyand____24____theywitnessedinspiredthemto____25____amoreambitiousmission—tobringthe____26____ofChristmastoasmanynursinghomeresidentsaspossible.FastforwardtoChristmasDayin2022,andthedynamictwo____27____anincrediblemilestone.ThroughtheirnonprofitResident’sHope,theyhadthe____28____ofservingover400individualsacrossfivedifferentnursinghomefacilities.The____29____growthoftheirinitiative(行動(dòng))wasa______30______totheirconsistentcommitmenttomakingapositiveimpactonthelivesofthoseoften______31______duringtheholidayseason.Thisheartwarmingsuccess______32______BarbaraandJeantotaketheirmissiontothenextlevel.InJuly2023,they______33______foundedResident’sHopeasanonprofitorganization.Their______34______initiative,theChristmasGivingevent,becamethedrivingforcebehindtheircause.“Ourorganization______35______tonursinghomefacilities,shopsforpersonalizedgifts,elegantlywrapsthemwiththeirsignaturebow,andensures______36______deliverysothatresidentscanenjoyChristmaspresents,”thefounders______37______.Resident’sHopehasbecomea______38______forseniorsinnursinghomes,offeringnotjustgifts,butasenseofcommunityandconnectionduringtheholidayseason.Theorganization’simpact______39______togrow,andthefoundersaredeterminedtomakeeachChristmasbrighterforthosewhomayotherwisebe______40______.21.A.kindness B.bravery C.wisdom D.politeness22.A.probably B.ultimately C.entirely D.obviously23.A.last B.second C.next D.first24.A.gratitude B.curiosity C.commitment D.sympathy25.A.sumup B.cutin C.kickoff D.findout26.A.custom B.celebration C.routine D.magic27.A.described B.searched C.achieved D.designed28.A.habit B.privilege C.impression D.risk29.A.sharp B.past C.reliable D.equal30.A.way B.demonstration C.chance D.challenge31.A.deserted B.ignored C.stressed D.received32.A.promised B.invited C.pushed D.forced33.A.fortunately B.casually C.officially D.exactly34.A.casual B.temporary C.spiritual D.typical35A.moveson B.passesdown C.reachesout D.givesin36.A.urgent B.daily C.direct D.timely37.A.remarked B.agreed C.asse