專題-03-閱讀理解(七選五)-(解析版)

專題03閱讀理解（七選五）--2023年新高考八省最新名校聯(lián)考試題匯編（解析版）1.【2023屆河北省衡水中學高三上學期四調(diào)】IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingT-shirts,sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.____16____XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.____17____Andinthe20thcenturybothSunYat-senandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.And,thoughitmaylookquiteabitdifferentthanWesternchess,Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescandoandhowthegameisplayed.LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer’s“king”.____18____UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross.____19____ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife-or-deathwar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor(隱喻)referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.____20____A．Actually,inXiangqiheisjustageneral.B．DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.C．Itiscalled“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”.D．ThegameiscalledXiangqi,agameofordinarypeople.E．TherearemanydifferencesbetweenXiangqiandWesternchess.F．Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.G．SeveralsayingsrelatedtoXiangqiareincommonuseinChinatoday.【答案】16．D

17．B

18．A

19．C

20．F【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的象棋。16．上文“IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime,youwillseepeople,mostlymenwearingT-shirts,sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade,playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.”（如果你在夏天去中國的任何一個城市旅行，你會看到人們，大多數(shù)是穿著T恤的男人，坐在人行道上的陰涼處的矮椅子上，用大圓盤木頭玩游戲）描述了下象棋的景象，下文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.”（象棋的歷史可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國）介紹象棋可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國時代，所以空處應(yīng)該指出這個游戲是象棋，D項“這個游戲叫象棋，一個普通人的游戲”符合邏輯關(guān)系。故選D。17．根據(jù)上文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess,thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.”（象棋的歷史可以追溯到戰(zhàn)國。雖然專家們對象棋的創(chuàng)造者以及它與西洋象棋的聯(lián)系有不同的看法，但毫無疑問，到了唐代，象棋在中國已經(jīng)成為一種流行的游戲）介紹象棋在中國歷史悠久，很受歡迎。這里是按時間順序：戰(zhàn)國時期—唐朝，所以空處應(yīng)該按照時間講唐朝之后的一個時期，象棋的發(fā)展情形。B項“在清朝時期，它的知名度增加了”符合時間邏輯關(guān)系。故選B。18．空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“LikeWesternchess,theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer’s“king”.”（和西洋象棋一樣，這個游戲的目的是捕捉對手的“國王”）推知，空處應(yīng)該講述中國象棋中的“王”，A項“其實在象棋里他只是個將軍?！狈项}意。故選A。19．上文“UnlikeWesternchess,insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares,thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard,whichtheelephantscannotcross.”（與西方國際象棋不同，棋子不是放在正方形中，而是放在直線的交叉點上。象棋和西洋象棋的另一大區(qū)別是棋盤中間有一大塊空白，象無法通過）提到中國象棋中有個空間是象不能越過的；下文“ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife-or-deathwar.”（這個空間指的是中國的一個地區(qū)，劉邦和項羽在那里進行了一場生死戰(zhàn)）提到這個空間就是劉邦和項羽打生死戰(zhàn)的地方，所以空處應(yīng)是對這個空間進行定義，C項“它被稱為“楚河漢界””符合邏輯。故選C。20．根據(jù)上文“Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor(隱喻)referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard,thebattlescenescometotheirmind,asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke,abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.”（這場戰(zhàn)爭的影響是如此之大，以至于“楚漢邊界”已經(jīng)成為一個隱喻，指的是兩個敵對軍隊之間的任何邊界。當今天的中國人看到這個名字在黑板上，戰(zhàn)斗的畫面浮現(xiàn)在他們的腦海中，仿佛被濃煙包圍，能夠聽到戰(zhàn)鼓的敲擊聲）提到楚河漢界是一種隱喻，因此下象棋時棋盤也是個戰(zhàn)場，人們看到這個名字就好像沉浸在硝煙四起、戰(zhàn)鼓喧天的戰(zhàn)爭場面。F項“一場激烈的戰(zhàn)斗即將在這個小棋盤上進行”符合邏輯。故選F?！?023屆吉林省長春吉大附中實驗學校高三上學期模擬考試試題】Weeds,thefast-growingplantsthatcannotbeeatenanddonotbringflowers,areacommonproblemforgardeners.Someusechemicalstokillweeds.Otherspullthemupbyhandorwithheavymachinery.Luckily,thereareotherwaystolimittheirgrowth.Forstarters,therearemulches(護根物)whichcanburyweeds.Mulchesaremadefromorganicmaterial,suchasleaves,grasscuttings,andsmallpiecesofwood.Theyarespreadoverthegroundinagardentocontrolweeds.Organicmulchesbreakdownovertime.____16____Thatisnotabadthing,becausetheirdecomposition(分解)createsnutrientsforplantsandhumus(腐殖質(zhì))tokeepsoilswetandfulloffreshair.Plasticmulchisanotherwaytostopweeds.Commonblackplasticiseasytolaydown.Italsoeffectivelyblocksweedsandhelpssoilwarmfasterinthespring.____17____Areflectiveplasticmulch,forexample,keepssomeplant-eatinginsectsaway.Amajorproblemwithplasticisthatitbreaksapartovertime,soeventuallyitneedstobethrownaway,plusitaddsnothingtothesoilasfarasnutrientsorhumus.____18____Finally,inadditiontodirectattacksonweeds,howyouplantyourgardencanindirectlyinfluenceweedgrowth.Forexample,closespacingofplantsinthegardenblockssunlightfromreachingthegroundandcanlimitweedgrowth.Andusingawateringmethodknownasdripirrigationwilldirectsmallamountsofwatertotherootsofyourplantsinsteadoftheweeds.____19____Lyinginsoilaremillionsofweedseedsjustwaitingtobeawakenedbylightandair.____20____Instead,yourgoalissimplytolimittheirgrowthinthegarden.A．Soyoumustaddmoretoyourgardenoften.B．Soitisbyfarthebestsupportforplantgrowth.C．Andplasticalsocanblockairfromreachingthesoil.D．Asmallgroupofgeesecanclearweedsinhalfahectareofland.E．Whetherornotyoudigupyoursoilalsoinfluencesweedgrowth.F．Usinganyorallofthesemethodswillnotpermanentlystopweedgrowth.G．Recentexperimentswithothercoloredplastichaveshowneffectsonbothbugsandplantgrowth.【答案】16．A

17．G

18．C

19．E

20．F【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何在花園中限制雜草的生長。16．根據(jù)空前的“Organicmulchesbreakdownovertime.(有機覆蓋物會隨著時間的推移而分解。)”和空后的“Thatisnotabadthing,becausetheirdecomposition(分解)createsnutrientsforplantsandhumus(腐殖質(zhì))tokeepsoilswetandfulloffreshair.(這不是一件壞事，因為它們的分解為植物和腐殖質(zhì)創(chuàng)造了養(yǎng)分，以保持土壤濕潤和充滿新鮮空氣。)”可知，空前說明有機覆蓋物會慢慢分解，空后說明那不是一件壞事，由此可見，that應(yīng)該是一種做法不是壞事，結(jié)合選項可知，A選項“Soyoumustaddmoretoyourgardenoften.(因此，你必須經(jīng)常向花園中添加更多內(nèi)容。)”講述的就是一種做法，符合上下文語境，起到一個承上啟下的作用。故選A項。17．根據(jù)上文中的“Commonblackplasticiseasytolaydown.Italsoeffectivelyblocksweedsandhelpssoilwarmfasterinthespring.(普通的黑色塑料很容易放下。它還可以有效地阻擋雜草，并幫助土壤在春季更快地變暖。)”與空后的“Areflectiveplasticmulch,forexample,keepssomeplant-eatinginsectsaway.(例如，反光塑料覆蓋物可以防止一些食草昆蟲。)”可知，空前講述的是黑色的塑料覆蓋物作用，而空后的內(nèi)容是說明能反光的塑料覆蓋物也有同樣的作用，所以此空指出其他顏色的塑料覆蓋物有相應(yīng)的作用，G選項“Recentexperimentswithothercoloredplastichaveshowneffectsonbothbugsandplantgrowth.(最近用其他彩色塑料進行的實驗表明，對蟲子和植物生長都有影響。)”符合上下文語境。故選G項。18．根據(jù)空前的“Amajorproblemwithplasticisthatitbreaksapartovertime,soeventuallyitneedstobethrownaway,plusitaddsnothingtothesoilasfarasnutrientsorhumus.(塑料的一個主要問題是它會隨著時間的推移而破裂，所以最終需要把它扔掉，而且它不會給土壤增加任何營養(yǎng)或腐殖質(zhì)。)”可知，此處應(yīng)該是講述塑料覆蓋物的其他問題，C選項“Andplasticalsocanblockairfromreachingthesoil.(塑料也會阻止空氣進入土壤。)”的內(nèi)容符合語境。故選C項。19．根據(jù)本段的主題句“Finally,inadditiontodirectattacksonweeds,howyouplantyourgardencanindirectlyinfluenceweedgrowth.(最后，除了對雜草的直接攻擊外，你種植花園的方式也會間接影響雜草的生長。)”可知，此處說明的是如何進行種植以阻止花園雜草的生長，E選項“Whetherornotyoudigupyoursoilalsoinfluencesweedgrowth.(無論是否挖掘土壤，都會影響雜草的生長。)”講述的是一種種植的方式，符合上下文語境。故選E項。20．分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，可知最后一段是總結(jié)部分，所以該空選擇的內(nèi)容要概括全文，再結(jié)合空后的“Instead,yourgoalissimplytolimittheirgrowthinthegarden.”可知，這些方法的使用只是為了阻止雜草在花園中生長，F(xiàn)選項“Usinganyorallofthesemethodswillnotpermanentlystopweedgrowth.”提及了上文講述的阻止雜草生長的方法，同時與空后的內(nèi)容完全吻合。故選F項。3.【福建省廈門第一中學2022-2023學年高三上學期12月試題】Screentimeincludesallthosehoursyouspendinfrontofyourcomputeratwork,andthetimeyouspendplayingwithyourcellphoneorwatchingTV.____16____Accordingtosomeresearch,therearesomeconvincingreasonstomaketheefforttolookatsomethingelseotherthanascreen.It'sbadforyourhealth.Beinginfrontofascreenisalmostalwayssedentary(久坐的)behavior,whichrelatestothingslikelowerfitnesslevels.Turnthisaroundbychoosingsomethingactive.Youdonothavetodoexerciseatthegym.____17____Theycanhelpyoukeephealthy.Itmessesupyoursleep.Whenteenagershavemorethanfourhoursofscreentimeperday,andespeciallywhentheyusetheirscreensbeforegoingtobed,theyhavetroublefallingasleep.Ifyou'renotsleepingwell,itwillnotonlymakeyoufeeltiredthenextday,butitcanalsoaffectyourperformanceatworkorinschool.____18____Ithinders(妨礙)yourbrain’sperformance.____19____Researchersaren'tyetsurewhythisistrue,butitprobablyhastodowiththewaysthattechnologyteachesthebraintofunction.Ifkidswanttoperformwellinsituationsthatinvolvememorizationorproblemsolving,limittheirscreentime.____20____Peoplewhospendmoretimeonline,especiallyyoungpeople,aremorelikelytostrugglewithcommunication.Ifinterpersonalcommunicationisimportanttoyouorpartofyourjob,youwilllikelygetbenefitsifyouspendlesstimeinfrontofyourscreen.A．Italladdsup.B．Herecomesasolution.C．Ifyoushoulduseascreen,trytodojustthat.D．It’snotgoodfordevelopingcommunicationskills.E．Youcantakeawalk,orworkonaprojectathome.F．Kidsdobetterinschoolwhentheyhavelessscreentime.G．Soit’sworththeefforttouseyourscreenlessandgetmorerest.【答案】16．A

17．E

18．G

19．F

20．D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要列舉了看屏幕時間過長的一些危害。16．根據(jù)前文“Screentimeincludesallthosehoursyouspendinfrontofyourcomputeratwork,andthetimeyouspendplayingwithyourcellphoneorwatchingTV.(屏幕時間包括你在電腦前工作的所有時間，以及你玩手機或看電視的時間。)”可知，這里對屏幕時間的概念做了解釋和限定，A項“Italladdsup.(這些都算數(shù)。)”是對前文內(nèi)容的一種總結(jié)。故選A。17．根據(jù)前文“Youdonothavetodoexerciseatthegym.(你不必非得在健身房鍛煉。)”可知，E項“Youcantakeawalk,orworkonaprojectathome.(你可以散散步或者在家里運動。)”承接前文，不能去健身房的話可以在家鍛煉或外出散步。故選E。18．根據(jù)前文“Ifyou'renotsleepingwell,itwillnotonlymakeyoufeeltiredthenextday,butitcanalsoaffectyourperformanceatworkorinschool.(如果你睡不好，不僅會讓你第二天感到疲倦，還會影響你在工作或?qū)W校的表現(xiàn)。)”可知，此處指出長時間看屏幕會造成不好的結(jié)果，即會導致睡眠不好，讓你第二天感到疲倦，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是對上文進行總結(jié)，指出我們應(yīng)該少對著屏幕，G項“Soit’sworththeefforttouseyourscreenlessandgetmorerest.(因此，少對著屏幕多休息是值得的。)”符合，是基于前文得出的結(jié)論，應(yīng)該多休息少對著屏幕。故選G。19．根據(jù)后文“Ifkidswanttoperformwellinsituationsthatinvolvememorizationorproblemsolving,limittheirscreentime.(如果孩子們想在涉及記憶或解決問題的情況下表現(xiàn)良好，就限制他們在屏幕上的時間。)”可知，如果減少面對屏幕的時間，孩子們的表現(xiàn)就會更好，與F項“Kidsdobetterinschoolwhentheyhavelessscreentime.(當孩子們有更少的屏幕時間時，他們在學校表現(xiàn)更好。)”呼應(yīng)。故選F。20．根據(jù)后文“Peoplewhospendmoretimeonline,especiallyyoungpeople,aremorelikelytostrugglewithcommunication.(花更多時間上網(wǎng)的人，尤其是年輕人，更有可能難以與人溝通。)”可知，本段主要講的是面對屏幕時間過長對溝通方面的影響，因此D項“It’snotgoodfordevelopingcommunicationskills.(這不利于培養(yǎng)溝通技巧。)”適合作為本段的中心句。故選D。4.【廣東省六校聯(lián)盟2022-2023學年高三上學期第三次聯(lián)考英語試題】BenefitsofplayingonlinegamesThepastthreeyearsduringthepandemichighlightedjusthowimportantyourmentalandphysicalhealthis.Whilethereareplentyofwaysyoucanimproveyourhealth,manyofwhicharecommonknowledge,butonethatyoumaynothaveconsideredisthehealthbenefitsofplayingonlinegames.___16___,butitdoes.ThesocialbenefitsPerhapsthemostobviousbenefitisthesocialaspectofonlinegaming.Somanyofthegamesofferedtodaygiveplayersthechancetoconnectwithotherslocatedaroundtheworld.___17___,you’llbesocializingwithothersinreal-timethankstothein-gamechatfeature.Manyofthetoptrendinggamesofferthismodeofplay,soit’snothardtofind.EnjoysomestressreliefOnlinegamingisalsoawayforpeopletounplugfromtheireverydaylivesandenjoysomestressrelief.Whenyou’regaming,youareinthatmoment,andyourbrainisn’tthinkingaboutanythingelse.___18___.ProblemsolvingskillswillbeneededPrettymucheveryonlinegameouttherewillrequireproblem-solvingskillsofonetypeoranother.Thisisaskillthatcanhelpyouinvariousareasofyoureverydaylife,sofindingawaytobuildonitisexcellent.___19___Thenthereistheelementofrisk,whichmanyonlinegamesalsofeature.Learninghowtobearisk-taker,atleastacalculatedrisk-taker,canbeahelpfulbenefit.___20___,lookattheprosandcons,andmakethemovethatwillbenefityoumost.Onlinecasino(賭場)sitescanbeperfectforrisk-takingskills.Eachtimeyouplaceabet,youaretakingarisk,andthereneedstobeathoughtprocessbehindit.You’lllearnthedifferencebetweensmartandnotsosmartrisksfast.Byacknowledgingthehealthbenefitsofonlinegames,you’llstarttoseetheminawholenew,muchmorepositivelight.A．Tapintoyourrisk-takingsideB．Improveyourdecision-makingabilityC．WhetheryouplayagainstthemorteamupD．IfyoubecomemoreconfidentincopingwithtroubleE．ItwilltrainyourbrainhowtoweighupyouroptionsF．ThisisperfectforthosewhohaveahardtimeshuttingoffG．Itmaybehardtobelievethatgamingprovidesrealandmeasurablebenefits【答案】16．G

17．C

18．F

19．A

20．E【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的好處。16．上文“Whilethereareplentyofwaysyoucanimproveyourhealth,manyofwhicharecommonknowledge,butonethatyoumaynothaveconsideredisthehealthbenefitsofplayingonlinegames.(雖然有很多方法可以改善你的健康，其中許多是常識，但你可能沒有考慮過玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲?qū)】档暮锰?”引出話題，提到玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲?qū)】档暮锰?，下文“butitdoes(但確實如此)”。由此推知，空格處內(nèi)容為可能你不認為玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲會帶來健康的好處。由此可知，選項G項Itmaybehardtobelievethatgamingprovidesrealandmeasurablebenefits.(也許很難相信游戲能夠提供真實且可衡量的好處)符合此推斷，上下文語意連貫。故選G項。17．根據(jù)該句句子結(jié)構(gòu)可推知，該句應(yīng)為復(fù)合句，空格處應(yīng)為從句。結(jié)合下文主句句意“you’llbesocializingwithothersinreal-timethankstothein-gamechatfeature.(由于游戲內(nèi)聊天功能，你都可以與他人實時社交)”可知，選項C項Whetheryouplayagainstthemorteamup(無論你是與他們對抗還是組隊)符合該句結(jié)構(gòu)，為Whether…or…引導的的讓步狀語從句，再結(jié)合句意可知，上下文語意連貫。故選C項。18．由該空位于該段句尾，可知為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容或與上文內(nèi)容相關(guān)。該段上文“Onlinegamingisalsoawayforpeopletounplugfromtheireverydaylivesandenjoysomestressrelief.Whenyou’regaming,youareinthatmoment,andyourbrainisn’tthinkingaboutanythingelse.(網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲也是人們從日常生活中解脫出來、緩解壓力的一種方式。當你在玩游戲時，你就沉浸在那一刻，你的大腦不會想其他事情)”講的是玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲是一種緩解壓力的方式，讓你不會想其他事情。由此可知，選項F項Thisisperfectforthosewhohaveahardtimeshuttingoff.(這對于那些難以關(guān)閉思考的人來說是完美的)與該段內(nèi)容一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選F項。19．由該題為段落小標題，可知為總結(jié)該段的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Thenthereistheelementofrisk,whichmanyonlinegamesalsofeature.Learninghowtobearisk-taker,atleastacalculatedrisk-taker,canbeahelpfulbenefit.(其次是風險元素，這也是許多在線游戲的特色。學習如何成為一個冒險者，至少是一個有計劃的冒險者，會有很大的好處)”可知，講的是關(guān)于冒險。由此可知，選項A項Tapintoyourrisk-takingside.(挖掘你冒險的一面)意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項。20．上文“Learninghowtobearisk-taker,atleastacalculatedrisk-taker,canbeahelpfulbenefit.(學習如何成為一個冒險者，至少是一個有計劃的冒險者，會有很大的好處)”說明成為冒險者會有好處。下文“l(fā)ookattheprosandcons,andmakethemovethatwillbenefityoumost.(看看利弊，然后做出對你最有利的選擇)”說明在做選擇上有好處。由此推知，空格處內(nèi)容為它會如何讓你做出有利的選擇。由此可知，選項E項Itwilltrainyourbrainhowtoweighupyouroptions.(它會訓練你的大腦如何權(quán)衡你的選擇)符合此推斷，上下文語意連貫。故選E項。5.【河北省邯鄲市第一中學2022-2023學年高三一輪復(fù)習收官考試】HowtosurviveastampedeAtleast154peoplewerekilledandmorethan100othersinjuredinastampede(驚逃)accidentthatoccurredatItaewon,Seoul,Korea,duringaHalloweengathering,localauthoritiessaidearlySundaymorning.Whatshouldwedoincaseofsimilarcrowdingandtrampling(踩踏)accidents?Hereareafewtipstoincreasethechancesofsurvivalinanincident.LookforexitsIfyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticealternateexits._____16_____.Keepaneyeonthecrowd_____17_____,aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute._____18_____Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowddonotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled.Moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdkeepingyourhandsupbyyourchestlikeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.ProtectyourheadIfyoufall,getupquickly._____19_____,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup.Donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs.MovediagonallytowardstheexitAfteryou’repushedforward,likeinawavethere’saquietperiod.Inthatperiodisyourchancetomove,andthewayyoumoveisonadiagonal(對角),betweenpocketsofpeople.There’salwaysspacebetweenpeople.Acoupleofstepssideways,anotherwavesurge,thenanothercoupleofstepsinthenextquietperiod._____20_____.A．AvoidanychokepointsB．KeeppacewiththecrowdC．BeawareofthegeneralatmosphereofthecrowdD．Youdon’twanttobeknockedunconsciousinthissituationE．YouworkyourwayoutthatwaytillyougettotheouteredgeF．Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetoutG．Ifyoucan’tkeepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd【答案】16．F

17．C

18．B

19．G

20．E【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在踩踏中幸存的方法。16．根據(jù)上文“Ifyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticealternateexits.(如果你在人群中，首先也是最重要的是讓自己熟悉周圍的環(huán)境，并在心里注意到可供選擇的出口)”可知，上文提到要注意出口，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)繼續(xù)強調(diào)要找到出口，知道怎么出去。故F選項“無論你在哪里，一定要知道怎么出去”符合語境。故選F項。17．根據(jù)后文“aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute.(因為恐慌的情況經(jīng)常是可以預(yù)料到的。當遇到危險時，幾秒鐘就能改變一切，讓你有可能利用你的逃跑路線)”可知，后文提到恐慌的情況經(jīng)常是可以預(yù)料到的，說明要注意人群是否有恐慌的氣氛。故C選項“注意人群的總體氣氛”符合語境。故選C項。18．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowddonotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled.Moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowdkeepingyourhandsupbyyourchestlikeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在移動的人群中間，不要對抗壓力，不要站著不動或坐下，因為你很容易被踩踏。向人群的同一個方向移動，雙手舉在胸前，像拳擊手一樣——這樣可以讓你移動，保護你的胸部)”可知，本段的主旨是行動要和人群同一個方向，即與人群同步。故B選項“與人群同步”符合語境，由總括本段的作用。故選B項。19．根據(jù)上文“Ifyoufall,getupquickly.(如果你跌倒了，迅速站起來)”以及后文“orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsand

curlup.Donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs).(如果這樣做不可能，那就用手臂遮住頭部，蜷縮成胎兒的姿勢，不要趴在地上或仰臥著，因為這樣會暴露肺部，非常危險)”可知，本句是在假設(shè)跌倒站不起來的情況，該如何做。故G選項“如果你做不到，繼續(xù)沿著人群的同一個方向爬行”符合語境。故選G項。20．根據(jù)上文“Afteryou’repushedforward,likeinawavethere’saquietperiod.Inthatperiodisyourchancetomove,andthewayyoumoveisonadiagonal(對角),betweenpocketsofpeople.There’salwaysspacebetweenpeople.Acoupleofstepssideways,anotherwavesurge,thenanothercoupleofstepsinthenextquietperiod.(當你向前推進時，就像海浪一樣，會有片刻的平靜。在這段靜默中，你有機會移動，你移動的方式是在一個對角線上，在人群之間。人與人之間總是有距離的。向旁邊走了幾步，又來了一波浪，然后又走了幾步，進入下一個平靜期)”可知，本句旨在說明提到利用平靜期以及對角線行動來慢慢移動到人群的外圍，故E選項“你沿著那條路一直走到外圍”符合語境。故選E項。6.【湖南省永州市第一中學2022-2023學年高三上學期元月考試英語試題】PracticalGuidestoGiftGivingManypeoplefindspecialoccasionsandholidaystobestressful.Tryingtogettherightgiftforeveryoneisnoeasytask.Tomakeyourlifeeasierduringthosetimes,followthesesimpletips:____16____Tryingtofindsomethingthedaybeforetheoccasionisextremelystressfulandisnearlyimpossible.Ifyoudofindyourselfinasituationwhereyouneedtocomeupwithagiftrightaway,getthepersonagiftcertificatetotheirfavoritestore.Don’tgooverboardintryingtofindthemostperfectgift.Ifyoutrywaytoohard,itcreatesresentmentandextremedisappointmentiftherecipient’sreactionisnotwhatyouhavehoped.____17____Avoidbuyingcosmetics(化妝品)forpeoplewhosetasteyoudon’tknow.____18____Thoseitemsareembarrassingtoreturnsincemanystoresdon’tacceptthemback.Itisthesamewithbuyingclothesorjewelry.Avoidgivinglargeitemsforthehomesuchaspaintingsorfurniture.____19____Ifyouvisitthisperson’shome,theywillfacetheembarrassmentofeitherhavingtotellyouthattheygotridofyourgift,orhavingtoputtheunwanteditemondisplayattheirhome.____20____Presentthegiftwithaneasy-goingattitude—simplysmileandsay“Thisisforyou.”Andpleasedon’taskthepersonaboutwhethertheylikeyourgiftornot!Givegracefully,andfeelconfidentaboutyourgift.Peoplewillsurelyappreciateyourskillfulgiftgiving.Includeagiftreceiptwheneveryoucan.Iftherecipientdoesnotlikethegift,heorshewillreallyappreciatetheopportunitytoreturnitorexchangeitforsomethingtheylike.A．Keepitsimpleandreasonable.B．Startlookingforagiftinadvance.C．Chooseproperpresentationandpackaging.D．Howyougiveisasimportantaswhatyougive.E．Somepeoplefeelguiltybuyingthingsnotabsolutelynecessary.F．Mostpeopleareverypickyaboutthebrands,fragrancesandcolors.G．Itputstherecipientsinareallybadpositioniftheydon’tlikeyourgift.【答案】16．B

17．A

18．F

19．G

20．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些送禮物的實用建議。16．空格是主旨句。根據(jù)空后“Tryingtofindsomethingthedaybeforetheoccasionisextremelystressfulandisnearlyimpossible.Ifyoudofindyourselfinasituationwhereyouneedtocomeupwithagiftrightaway,getthepersonagiftcertificatetotheirfavoritestore.(試著在活動前一天找到一些東西是非常有壓力的，幾乎是不可能的。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己確實處于需要馬上想出禮物的情況下，給那個人一張他們最喜歡的商店的禮券)”可知，這里建議大家不要臨時選禮物，要有提前意識。由此可知，B項“Startlookingforagiftinadvance.(開始提前挑選禮物)”符合語境。故選B。17．根據(jù)空前“Don’tgooverboardintryingtofindthemostperfectgift.Ifyoutrywaytoohard,itcreatesresentmentandextremedisappointmentiftherecipient’sreactionisnotwhatyouhavehoped.(不要過于追求最完美的禮物。如果你太過努力，如果收件人的反應(yīng)不是你所希望的，就會產(chǎn)生怨恨和極度的失望)”可知，這里建議大家不要在選禮物時過于追求禮物的完美，簡單但是合理的禮物就可以。由此可知，A項“Keepitsimpleandreasonable.(保持它簡單合理)”符合語境。故選A。18．根據(jù)空前“Avoidbuyingcosmetics(化妝品)forpeoplewhosetasteyoudon’tknow.(避免為你不了解口味的人購買化妝品)”可知，這里建議送禮物時不要選化妝品，空格處給出了原因。以及空后“Thoseitemsareembarrassingtoreturnsincemanystoresdon’tacceptthemback.(因為許多商店不接受退貨，所以這些商品退回來很尷尬)”可知，退回化妝品是因為接受禮物的人對化妝品很挑剔，會不喜歡。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Mostpeopleareverypickyaboutthebrands,fragrancesandcolors.(大多數(shù)人對化妝品的品牌、香味和顏色都很挑剔)”符合語境。故選F。19．根據(jù)空前“Avoidgivinglargeitemsforthehomesuchaspaintingsorfurniture.(不要給家里送大件物品，比如油畫或家具)”可知，這里建議不要送大件禮物。以及空后“Ifyouvisitthisperson’shome,theywillfacetheembarrassmentofeitherhavingtotellyouthattheygotridofyourgift,orhavingtoputtheunwanteditemondisplayattheirhome.(如果你去拜訪這個人的家，他們將面臨尷尬，要么不得不告訴你他們?nèi)拥袅四愕亩Y物，要么不得不把不想要的物品放在家里展出)”可知，這種尷尬的情況就是選項中的badposition。由此可知，G項“Itputstherecipientsinareallybadpositioniftheydon’tlikeyourgift.(如果收禮者不喜歡你的禮物，他們會處于非常不利的地位)”符合語境。故選G。20．根據(jù)空后“Presentthegiftwithaneasy-goingattitude—simplysmileandsay‘Thisisforyou.’(以隨和的態(tài)度送禮物——簡單地微笑著說：“這是給你的?！?”可知，這里建議送禮物方式。由此可知，D項“Howyougiveisasimportantaswhatyougive.(你如何給予和你給予什么同樣重要)”符合語境。故選D。7.【湖南省長沙市長郡中學2022-2023學年高三上學期試題】Weallhaveprojectsthatneedtobefinished.___36___Believeitornot,thelocationinwhichyouplanyourprojectplaysanimportantrole.Acrowdedplacemeansdistractions(分心)whichcertainlymeansthatyouwillmissoutimportantthingswhichshouldhavebeenincludedintheplan.That’swhyIurgeyoutositdownandmakethisplaninalocationwhereyoucanfocus.___37___Ifyouforsomereasoncannot,thereareotherlocationsavailablesuchasthelibrary,yourworkofficeandsoon.Doyouknowwellabouttheactualpurposeoftheproject?It’snotuncommonthatpeopleforgettooutlinetheexactpurposeoftheprojectinexplicitterms.___38___Ifthepurposeisn’twellexplained,itcouldleadtosomeconfusionsinthefutureaswellaslossoftimeandmoney.Makesureyougetitrightinthebeginning!___39___Youmaychooseoneofthetwowaystostartyourprojectplan,eitherbuildingeverythingfromthebottomuporstartingfromthetopandgoingdown.Theformercaseisusuallythemoredifficultwaytostart;itwouldrequireyoutoknowallthedetailsoftheprojectbeforeyoustarttheplan.Thelatterisusuallythebetterwaytostart.___40___Onceyou’vedonethis,youcanlookateachindividualentryandtrytospecifythedetailsconcerningit.A．Wheredoyoustart?B．Nowlet’stalkabouthowtocarryoutyourprojectplan.C．Itwillhelpyoustartwithageneraloverviewoftheproject.D．Ifyoucanfindsuchaplaceinyourhome,thatwouldbeperfect.E．Itiscertainlytruethatnothavingapurposewillresultinfailure.F．Tosuccessfullycarryoutaproject,weneedtomakeaprojectplan.G．Makesureit’sunderstandablebyallpartiesinvolvedincludingyourself.【答案】36．F

37．D

38．G

39．A

40．C【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了完成一個項目時，應(yīng)該注意的幾個方面。從選擇開始的方式、地點，到理解項目，每一個步驟都很重要。36．下文“Believeitornot,thelocationinwhichyouplanyourprojectplaysanimportantrole.(信不信由你，你計劃項目的位置起著重要的作用)”提到關(guān)鍵詞planyourproject“計劃項目”，空處承上啟下，也需要與做計劃有關(guān)。F項“為了成功地實施一個項目，我們需要制定一個項目計劃?！敝衜akeaprojectplan與后文為近義替換，并帶有原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選F項。37．下文“Ifyouforsomereasoncannot,thereareotherlocationsavailablesuchasthelibrary,yourworkofficeandsoon.(如果你因為某種原因找不到，還有其他地方可以去，比如圖書館，你的辦公室等等)”提到為項目做計劃時可以去的地點，空處起到引領(lǐng)下文的作用，也需要與地點有關(guān)。D項“如果你能在家里找到這樣一個地方，那就太完美了?！狈衔囊?。故選D項。38．空處為本段主旨句。下文“Ifthepurposeisn’twellexplaineditcouldleadtosomeconfusionsinthefutureaswellaslossoftimeandmoney.Makesureyougetitrightinthebeginning!(如果沒有很好地解釋目的，將來可能會導致一些混亂以及時間和金錢的損失。確保你一開始就做對了！)”強調(diào)解釋清楚目的的重要性，可以幫助我們減少混亂和損失，空處也需要與解釋、理解項目有關(guān)。G項“確保包括你自己在內(nèi)的各方都能理解?！敝衭nderstandable和wellexplained為近義替換，符合文意。故選G項。39．空處為本段主旨句。下文“Youmaychooseoneofthetwowaystostartyourprojectplan,eitherbuildingeverythingfromthebottomuporstartingfromthetopandgoingdown.(你可以選擇兩種方法中的一種來開始你的項目計劃，要么從下往上建造一切，要么從上往下開始)”講述了開始項目計劃的兩種方式，空處主旨句統(tǒng)領(lǐng)整段也是講解開始的方式。A項“你從哪里開始？”符合段意。故選A項。40．上文“Thelatterisusuallythebetterwaytostart.(后者通常是更好的開始方式)”講到后者是更好的開始方式，由此可以推測出，后文應(yīng)簡單說明為什么這樣開始比較好。C項“它將幫助你對項目有一個總體的概述?！狈衔囊?，It指代“后者開始方式”。故選C項。8.【江蘇省四所名校2022-2023學年高三上學期期中聯(lián)考英語試題】WhyisArtsoPowerful?Perhapsthesimplestanswertothisquestionisthatarttouchesusemotionally.Artispowerfulbecauseitcanpotentiallyinfluenceourculture,politics,andeventheeconomy.Whenweseeapowerfulworkofart,youfeelittouchingdeepwithinyourcore,givingusthepowertomakereal-lifechanges.Ithasthepowertoeducatepeopleaboutalmostanything.____16____Duringthepandemic,s