高考語法【知識精研】虛擬語氣課件-高三英語上學(xué)期二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

高考語法----虛擬語氣學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)01.了解虛擬語氣的分類02.了解并掌握各類虛擬語氣的特點(diǎn)03.能夠在語境中判斷虛擬語氣的種類及是否需要虛擬04.寫作PARTONE了解虛擬語氣的分類了解虛擬語氣的分類①

表要求，建議，命令等詞匯后所加從句中的虛擬②

情態(tài)動詞的一些表達(dá)虛擬的用法③

跟在wish,asif/though,ifonly及wouldrather后的虛擬④

If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬Without,butfor,otherwise等引導(dǎo)的虛擬PARTTWO了解并掌握各類虛擬語氣的特點(diǎn)一：表要求，建議，命令等詞匯后所加從句中的虛擬要求：ask,require,request,demand建議：suggest,advice,recommend,propose命令：order,command其他：insist,desire,urgethat+S+shoulddo/bedone表要求，建議，命令等詞匯后所加從句中的虛擬這類動詞后面所加從句多為表達(dá)說話者對他人的要求，建議，命令，愿望等，所說的事件均未發(fā)生（所以應(yīng)特別注意suggest意為表明或者暗示時，及insist表達(dá)對已發(fā)生事件看法時，均不需要采用此類虛擬。Eg:Herpalefacesuggestedthatshewasill.Heinsistedthathegottheinformationfromareliablesource.）根據(jù)提示填空①Isuggestthatshe_________________(take)thecourse.②Hedemandedthatallthework___________________byFriday.③Heurgedthatwe________________(delete)thephotosastheywerespreadillegally.④Muminsistedourhands_______________________(wash)beforeeatingthemeal.一：表要求，建議，命令等詞匯后所加從句中的虛擬shouldtakeshouldbedoneshoulddeleteshouldbewashed一：表要求，建議，命令等詞匯后所加從句中的虛擬觀察以下句子，得出你的結(jié)論：①Itismysuggestionthatsheshouldtakethecourse.②Itissuggestedthatsheshouldtakethecourse.③ItisdemandedthatalltheworkshouldbedonebyFriday.④Itisinsistedthatweshouldwashourhandsbeforemeal.你的結(jié)論：以上動詞的各種詞性變化（名詞，形容詞）后加從句_______________.再認(rèn)真觀察以上四個句子，它們是Itis/was+n/adj.+從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，Itisapitythatheshouldbesostupid.Itisnecessarythatheshouldattendthemeeting.that+S+shoulddo/bedone一：表要求，建議，命令等詞匯后所加從句中的虛擬這個句式中的一個特例是“該是做……的時候了”Itis(about/high)timethatsbItistimethatyoushouldgetdowntostudy.Itistimethatyougotdowntostudy.Itistimethatyou___________________________(go)tobed.shouldgo/went二：跟在wish,asif/though,ifonly及wouldrather后從句的虛擬這類虛擬中，從句謂語的時態(tài)要根據(jù)對所虛擬事件的時間進(jìn)行改變，原則上是往后退一個時間的時態(tài)1.對將來的虛擬變成過去將來時，如will

would，can

could2.對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，變成過去式，如do/does

did，is/am/are

were3.對過去的虛擬，變成過去完成時，如did

haddone（注意：wouldrather所加從句對現(xiàn)在和將來的虛擬，統(tǒng)一用過去式，對過去的虛擬用過去完成時）二：跟在wish,asif/though,ifonly及wouldrather后從句的虛擬①HowIwishthatIcouldattendyourwedding.ItisapitythatIshouldbeonameetingthen.②IwishIwerenothere.Lookhowridiculoustheyare!③IwishIhadnottoldhimthetruth.Heisveryupsetnow.二：跟在wish,asif/though,ifonly及wouldrather后從句的虛擬嘗試對以下句子進(jìn)行虛擬：①Heactsasifhe_____________(be)amillionaireinaminute!②Don'ttalkasifyou________(be)mymum.③Heactedasifhe____________(be)onthespotandwitnessedeverything.④IfonlyI_______(have)wingsandcouldfly!⑤IfonlyI________________(nottell)himthetruth.Lookhowupsetheisnow!wouldbewerehadbeenhadhadn’ttold二：跟在wish,asif/though,ifonly及wouldrather后從句的虛擬嘗試對以下句子進(jìn)行虛擬：⑥IfonlyI________________(attend)yourwedding!WhydoIhavetotakeanexamthen?⑦Iamsobusyatthemoment.Iwouldratheryou_____________(come)tomorrow.⑧IwouldratherI_________________(nottell)himthetruth.Hewasveryupsetnow.couldattendcamehadn’ttold三、If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬（與第二點(diǎn)相似，虛擬時謂語需往后退一個時態(tài)）請觀察下面的句子：Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark.在if引導(dǎo)的條件句表有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的將來時，從句用__________來表將來。換句話說，一般情況下，if引導(dǎo)的條件句中，從句不會出現(xiàn)will（表意愿除外）。所以在相應(yīng)的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句的時態(tài)一般只會出現(xiàn)過去式或者過去完成時?，F(xiàn)在時三、If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬虛擬If引導(dǎo)的從句主句（一定要出現(xiàn)would/could/might等情態(tài)動詞的過去式）對將來（從句及主句中同一個數(shù)字

后面的句子加起來為一個完整的句子）謂語動詞用

wereto/did/shoulddo①

Ifitshould/

weretoraintomorrow,②

Ifitrainedtomorrow,③

IfI_________________/____________/_________(notstay)uptonight,

謂語動詞用

would(could/might…)do①

thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.②

thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.③

I____________(willnotfinish)myhomeworkand___________(willbe)scoldedbymyteacher.didn’tstaywerenottostayshouldn’tstaywouldn’tfinishwouldbe三、If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬虛擬If引導(dǎo)的從句主句（一定要出現(xiàn)would/could/might等情態(tài)動詞的過去式）對現(xiàn)在謂語動詞改為

______/_did_①

IfIwereyou,②

IfI_________(benot)here,③

謂語動詞用

would(could/might…)do①

Iwouldaccepthisinvitation.②

Iwouldnotseethiswonderfulshow.③

werewerenot三、If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬虛擬If引導(dǎo)的從句主句（一定要出現(xiàn)would/could/might等情態(tài)動詞的過去式）對過去謂語動詞改為

haddone

①

Ifyouhadlistenedtoyourteacher,②

Ifyou________(work)harder,③

謂語動詞用

would(could/might…)+__________①

youwouldhavepassedtheexam.②

you____________(willget)bettermarks.③

havedonehadworkedwouldhavegot三、If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬虛擬If引導(dǎo)的從句主句（一定要出現(xiàn)would/could/might等情態(tài)動詞的過去式）混合時態(tài)(依據(jù)具體虛擬的時態(tài)，進(jìn)行組合)①

Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,(從句是對過去的虛擬，用_____)②

IfIwereyou,(從句是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，用過去式)③

Ifyou_________(study)harder,④

IfI_________(know)itwouldbesoboring,⑤

IfI______(be)you,

①

youwouldn'tbeinthehospitalnow.(主句是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，用______)②

Iwouldhavebeatenhimup.(主句是對過去的虛擬，用wouldhavedone)③

you__________(besitting)inaofficecomfortablynow.④

I__________(notbe)here.⑤

I_______________(beat)himupyesterday.過去完成時woulddohadstudiedwouldbesittinghadknownwouldn’tbewerewouldhavebeaten三、If所引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句及主句中涉及的各類虛擬注意if引導(dǎo)的條件句的虛擬有可能存在的省略倒裝（參見倒裝）Without,butfor,otherwise等引導(dǎo)的虛擬上面幾個短語其實(shí)都是if引導(dǎo)的從句的變形，只不過if引導(dǎo)的是從句，而without及butfor是介詞，而otherwise前則加一個表事實(shí)的句子，但是緊隨這三個單詞或短語后面的句子沿用的均是上一種情況中主句的虛擬形式，即對現(xiàn)在和將來的虛擬，用would/could/might/shoulddo對過去的虛擬，用would/could/might/shouldhavedoneWithout,butfor,otherwise等引導(dǎo)的虛擬④Withoutair,humancouldn'tsurvive.Iftherewerenotair,humancouldn'tsurvive.⑤Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn'thavepassedtheexam.Ifithadn’tbeenyourhelp,Icouldn'thavepassedtheexam.⑥Butfortherain,thecropswouldhavedied.Ifithadn’tbeenfortherain,thecropswouldhavedied.⑦Hehesitatedforawhile;otherwise,hewouldhavescored.Ifhehadn’thesitated,hewouldhavescored.Without,butfor,otherwise等引導(dǎo)的虛擬完成下列句子①Withoutagoodwife,I____________________(nothave)suchagoodlife.②Withoutenoughexercise,he____________________(notbuild)suchagoodbody.③

Butforhisteachers’help,he____________________(notget)suchgoodmarks.couldn’tlivecouldn’thavebuiltwouldn’thavegot其他種類的情態(tài)動詞表達(dá)的虛擬Couldhavedone意為___________Hecouldhavelentyouahand.Hewasnotbusyanyway.Shouldhavedone意為___________Youshouldhavehandedinyourworkyesterday.Itwasthedueday.Shouldn’thavedone意為___________Youshouldn’thavemadefunofhiminfrontofthewholeclass.Needn’thavedone意為___________Itwasonlyathree-minutewalk.Youneedn’thavetakenthetaxi.本可以本應(yīng)該本不應(yīng)該本不需要PARTTHREE虛擬中需要注意的真實(shí)情況

虛擬中需要注意的真實(shí)情況①Hedidn'tdohishomework,orhismumwouldn'thavebeensoangry.②Butforthefactthatyouareill,Iwouldaskyoutodoitrightnow.PARTFOUR虛擬在讀后續(xù)寫中的使用“要是我沒有這么任性就好了