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專題07幾何圖形的旋轉(zhuǎn)變換問題幾何圖形的旋轉(zhuǎn)變換在中考壓軸題中的考查非常頻繁。旋轉(zhuǎn)變換的性質(zhì):圖形通過旋轉(zhuǎn),圖形中每一點(diǎn)都繞著旋轉(zhuǎn)中心沿相同的方向旋轉(zhuǎn)了同樣大小的角度,任意一對對應(yīng)點(diǎn)與旋轉(zhuǎn)中心的連線都是旋轉(zhuǎn)角,對應(yīng)點(diǎn)到旋轉(zhuǎn)中心的距離相等,對應(yīng)線段相等,對應(yīng)角相等,旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中,圖形的形狀、大小都沒有發(fā)生變化。在解決旋轉(zhuǎn)變換的題目時(shí),不僅要把握旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì)和幾何圖形的性質(zhì)外,還要求考生能夠在圖形變換中找到不變的量,通過轉(zhuǎn)化等數(shù)學(xué)思想,將未知條件轉(zhuǎn)化為已知條件,陌生模型轉(zhuǎn)化為熟悉模型。 (2022·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖1,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)D,在DA上取點(diǎn)E,使SKIPIF1<0,連接BE、CE.(1)直接寫出CE與AB的位置關(guān)系;(2)如圖2,將SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)D旋轉(zhuǎn),得到SKIPIF1<0(點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別與點(diǎn)B,E對應(yīng)),連接SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0旋轉(zhuǎn)的過程中SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的位置關(guān)系與(1)中的CE與AB的位置關(guān)系是否一致?請說明理由;(3)如圖3,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)D順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)30°時(shí),射線SKIPIF1<0與AD、SKIPIF1<0分別交于點(diǎn)G、F,若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的長.(1)由等腰直角三角形的性質(zhì)可得∠ABC=∠DAB=45°,∠DCE=∠DEC=∠AEH=45°,可得結(jié)論;(2)通過證明SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,由余角的性質(zhì)可得結(jié)論;(3)由等腰直角的性質(zhì)和直角三角形的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,即可求解.【答案】(1)CE⊥AB,理由見解析;(2)一致,理由見解析;(3)SKIPIF1<0【詳解】(1)如圖,延長CE交AB于H,∵∠ABC=45°,AD⊥BC,∴∠ADC=∠ADB=90°,∠ABC=∠DAB=45°,∵DE=CD,∴∠DCE=∠DEC=∠AEH=45°,∴∠BHC=∠BAD+∠AEH=90°,∴CE⊥AB;(2)在SKIPIF1<0旋轉(zhuǎn)的過程中SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的位置關(guān)系與(1)中的CE與AB的位置關(guān)系是一致的,理由如下:如圖2,延長SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于H,由旋轉(zhuǎn)可得:CD=SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0=AD,∵∠ADC=∠ADB=90°,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0+∠DGC=90°,∠DGC=∠AGH,∴∠DASKIPIF1<0+∠AGH=90°,∴∠AHC=90°,SKIPIF1<0;(3)如圖3,過點(diǎn)D作DHSKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)H,∵△BED繞點(diǎn)D順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)30°,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴AD=2DH,AH=SKIPIF1<0DH=SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由(2)可知:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵AD⊥BC,CD=SKIPIF1<0,∴DG=1,CG=2DG=2,∴CG=FG=2,SKIPIF1<0,∴AG=2GF=4,∴AD=AG+DG=4+1=5,∴SKIPIF1<0.本題是三角形綜合題,考查了等腰三角形的性質(zhì),直角三角形的性質(zhì),旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì),相似三角形的判定和性質(zhì)等知識,證明三角形相似是解題的關(guān)鍵.(2022·遼寧錦州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,D,E,F(xiàn)分別為SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn),連接SKIPIF1<0.(1)如圖1,求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)如圖2,將SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)D順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)一定角度,得到SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)射線SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)G,射線SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)N時(shí),連接SKIPIF1<0并延長交射線SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)M,判斷SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的數(shù)量關(guān)系,并說明理由;(3)如圖3,在(2)的條件下,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求SKIPIF1<0的長.(1)連接SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)直角三角形斜邊上的中線等于斜邊的一半可得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)中位線定理可得SKIPIF1<0,即可得證;(2)證明SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)(1)的結(jié)論即可得SKIPIF1<0;(3)連接SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,勾股定理求得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而求得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0求得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)(2)的結(jié)論SKIPIF1<0,即可求解.【答案】(1)見解析;(2)SKIPIF1<0,理由見解析;(3)SKIPIF1<0【詳解】(1)證明:如圖,連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,D,E,F(xiàn)分別為SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,(2)SKIPIF1<0,理由如下,連接SKIPIF1<0,如圖,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,D,E,F(xiàn)分別為SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四邊形SKIPIF1<0是平行四邊形,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0將SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)D順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)一定角度,得到SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,(3)如圖,連接SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.本題考查了勾股定理,直角三角形斜邊上的中線等于斜邊的一半,中位線的性質(zhì)定理,相似三角形的性質(zhì)與判定,求角的正確,掌握相似三角形的性質(zhì)與判定是解題的關(guān)鍵.(2022·山西·中考真題)綜合與實(shí)踐問題情境:在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=6,AC=8.直角三角板EDF中∠EDF=90°,將三角板的直角頂點(diǎn)D放在Rt△ABC斜邊BC的中點(diǎn)處,并將三角板繞點(diǎn)D旋轉(zhuǎn),三角板的兩邊DE,DF分別與邊AB,AC交于點(diǎn)M,N,猜想證明:(1)如圖①,在三角板旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中,當(dāng)點(diǎn)M為邊AB的中點(diǎn)時(shí),試判斷四邊形AMDN的形狀,并說明理由;問題解決:(2)如圖②,在三角板旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求線段CN的長;(3)如圖③,在三角板旋轉(zhuǎn)過程中,當(dāng)AM=AN時(shí),直接寫出線段AN的長.(1)由三角形中位線定理得到SKIPIF1<0,證明∠A=∠AMD=∠MDN=90°,即可證明結(jié)論;(2)證明△NDC是等腰三角形,過點(diǎn)N作NG⊥BC于點(diǎn)G,證明△CGN∽△CAB,利用相似三角形的性質(zhì)即可求解;(3)延長ND,使DH=DN,證明△BDH≌△CDN,推出BH=CN,∠DBH=∠C,證明∠MBH=90°,設(shè)AM=AN=x,在Rt△BMH中,利用勾股定理列方程,解方程即可求解.【答案】(1)四邊形AMDN為矩形;理由見解析;(2)SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0.【詳解】解:(1)四邊形AMDN為矩形.理由如下:∵點(diǎn)M為AB的中點(diǎn),點(diǎn)D為BC的中點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0,∴∠AMD+∠A=180°,∵∠A=90°,∴∠AMD=90°,∵∠EDF=90°,∴∠A=∠AMD=∠MDN=90°,四邊形AMDN為矩形;(2)在Rt△ABC中,∠A=90°,AB=6,AC=8,∴∠B+∠C=90°,SKIPIF1<0.∵點(diǎn)D是BC的中點(diǎn),∴CD=SKIPIF1<0BC=5.∵∠EDF=90°,∴∠MDB+∠1=90°.∵∠B=∠MDB,∴∠1=∠C.∴ND=NC.過點(diǎn)N作NG⊥BC于點(diǎn)G,則∠CGN=90°.∴CG=SKIPIF1<0CD=SKIPIF1<0.∵∠C=∠C,∠CGN=∠CAB=90°,∴△CGN∽△CAB.∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0;(3)延長ND至H,使DH=DN,連接MH,NM,BH,∵M(jìn)D⊥HN,∴MN=MH,∵D是BC中點(diǎn),∴BD=DC,又∵∠BDH=∠CDN,∴△BDH≌△CDN,∴BH=CN,∠DBH=∠C,∵∠BAC=90°,∵∠C+∠ABC=90°,∴∠DBH+∠ABC=90°,∴∠MBH=90°,設(shè)AM=AN=x,則BM=6-x,BH=CN=8-x,MN=MH=SKIPIF1<0x,在Rt△BMH中,BM2+BH2=MH2,∴(6-x)2+(8-x)2=(SKIPIF1<0x)2,解得x=SKIPIF1<0,∴線段AN的長為SKIPIF1<0.本題考查了全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),相似三角形的判定和性質(zhì),矩形的判定,勾股定理,解第(3)問的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)會(huì)利用參數(shù)構(gòu)建方程解決問題.1.(2022·山東德州·統(tǒng)考二模)如圖,在矩形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0平分SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.連接SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上一動(dòng)點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.將SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0旋轉(zhuǎn)得到SKIPIF1<0.(1)連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0恰好落在直線SKIPIF1<0上時(shí),若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值.【答案】(1)見解析;(2)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)先證得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,從而證明了結(jié)論;(2)先求得SKIPIF1<0的長,進(jìn)而求得SKIPIF1<0,然后利用勾股定理解直角三角形SKIPIF1<0,即可求得結(jié)果.【詳解】(1)證明:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,由旋轉(zhuǎn)可知:SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0;(2)如圖1,∵四邊形SKIPIF1<0是矩形,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0平分SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,由(1)知:SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,由勾股定理得,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,綜上所述,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.2.(2022·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·包鋼第三中學(xué)??既#┮阎猄KIPIF1<0中,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0分別在邊SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0上,且SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn).設(shè)旋轉(zhuǎn)角為SKIPIF1<0(1)試說明SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),若點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0恰好落在SKIPIF1<0邊中點(diǎn)處,求SKIPIF1<0的值;(3)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0恰好落在SKIPIF1<0邊上時(shí),延長SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值.【答案】(1)見解析;(2)SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0,得出SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,即可得證SKIPIF1<0;(2)根據(jù)三角形中線的性質(zhì),中位線的性質(zhì),設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,求得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)相似三角形的性質(zhì)求得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而即可求解.(3)根據(jù)勾股定理求得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而根據(jù)相似三角形的性質(zhì)求得SKIPIF1<0的長,證明SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)相似三角形的性質(zhì)求得SKIPIF1<0,即可求SKIPIF1<0的值.【詳解】(1)證明:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0繞點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn).設(shè)旋轉(zhuǎn)角為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,(2)SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0恰好落在SKIPIF1<0邊中點(diǎn)處,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0垂直平分SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,(3)SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是等腰直角三角形,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.3.(2022·浙江紹興·校聯(lián)考二模)如圖,在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AC=8,BC=6,P為線段BC上一動(dòng)點(diǎn),設(shè)PC=x.(1)如圖①,當(dāng)x=2時(shí),求AQ的長;(2)如圖②,當(dāng)x=3時(shí),把△CPQ繞點(diǎn)C逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)β度,(0<β<90°),求此時(shí)AQ的長;(3)如圖③,將△PCQ沿PQ翻折,得到△PQM,點(diǎn)M是否可以落在△ABC的某邊的中垂線上?如果可以,求出相應(yīng)的x的值;如果不可以,說明理由?!敬鸢浮?1)AQ=SKIPIF1<0;(2)AQ=SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【分析】(1)根據(jù)平行線分線段成比例定理得出SKIPIF1<0,求出CQ的長度,即可求解答案;(2)先證明SKIPIF1<0,利用相似三角形的性質(zhì)求出SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)C作CD⊥PQ于點(diǎn)D,再利用等面積法求出SKIPIF1<0,然后根據(jù)勾股定理分別求出DQ、AD長度,求解即可;(3)分別討論當(dāng)點(diǎn)M落在三角形ABC的邊AC的中垂線上時(shí),當(dāng)點(diǎn)M落在三角形ABC的BC的中垂線上時(shí),當(dāng)點(diǎn)M落在三角形ABC的BA的中垂線上時(shí)三種情況,根據(jù)矩形的判定和性質(zhì)及相似三角形的判定和性質(zhì)進(jìn)行求解即可.【詳解】(1)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0BC=6,AC=8,PC=2,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;(2)圖形旋轉(zhuǎn)前,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)C作CD⊥PQ于點(diǎn)D,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;(3)當(dāng)點(diǎn)M落在三角形ABC的邊AC的中垂線上時(shí),設(shè)AC的中垂線交AC于點(diǎn)N,過點(diǎn)P作PD⊥AC的中垂線于點(diǎn)D,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四邊形PCND是矩形,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由翻折可得,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)點(diǎn)M落在三角形ABC的BC的中垂線上時(shí),設(shè)BC的中垂線交BC于點(diǎn)F,過點(diǎn)Q作QE⊥FM于點(diǎn)E,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四邊形FCQE是矩形,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)點(diǎn)M落在三角形ABC的BA的中垂線上時(shí),如圖可知,點(diǎn)M不可能落在三角形ABC的BA的中垂線上;綜上,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.4.(2022·浙江金華·校聯(lián)考二模)如圖,菱形ABCD中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)E是射線AC上的一個(gè)動(dòng)點(diǎn),將線段BE繞點(diǎn)E順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)90°到EF,連接DE、DF.(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)如圖2,連接BD,CF,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0相似時(shí),求CE的長;(3)當(dāng)點(diǎn)D關(guān)于直線EF的對稱點(diǎn)落在菱形的邊上時(shí),求AE的長.【答案】(1)見解析(2)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(3)SKIPIF1<0的長為1或3或4或5或7【分析】(1)根據(jù)菱形的性質(zhì),利用“SAS”得出SKIPIF1<0,即可得出BE=DE,根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì)得出BE=EF,即可證明DE=EF;(2)先根據(jù)菱形的性質(zhì)求出BD=6,再分SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0兩種情況,分別求出CE的長即可;(3)根據(jù)點(diǎn)D關(guān)于EF的對稱點(diǎn)在AB上,BC上,與點(diǎn)B重合,與自身重合,其中與自身重合時(shí)又要根據(jù)點(diǎn)E在AO或OC上兩種情況進(jìn)行討論,分別畫出圖形,求出AE的長即可.【詳解】(1)證明:∵四邊形ABCD為菱形,∴AB=AD,SKIPIF1<0,∵在△AEB和△AED中SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴BE=DE,∵根據(jù)旋轉(zhuǎn)可知BE=EF,∴DE=EF.(2)∵四邊形ABCD為菱形,∴AC⊥BD,SKIPIF1<0,BO=DO,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴BD=2BO=6,∵△EBD一定是一個(gè)等腰三角形,∴△BED與△EFC相似存在兩種情況,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),根據(jù)解析(1)可知,DE=EF,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴CE=BD=6;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∵BE=DE=EF,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵在Rt△BCE中,根據(jù)勾股定理可得:SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍去);綜上分析可知,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.(3)SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)點(diǎn)F與點(diǎn)D重合時(shí),點(diǎn)E在AO上時(shí),點(diǎn)D關(guān)于EF的對稱點(diǎn)為其本身,符合題目要求,如圖所示:根據(jù)解析(1)可知,BE=DE,∵EO⊥BD,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵BO=DO,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵AO=4,∴SKIPIF1<0;②當(dāng)點(diǎn)D關(guān)于EF的對稱點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在BC上時(shí),連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,AC與SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)G,如圖所示:根據(jù)解析(1)可知,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0垂直平分SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵∠BEF=90°,∴BE⊥FE,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0;③當(dāng)點(diǎn)E在對角線的交點(diǎn)上時(shí),點(diǎn)F在AC上,點(diǎn)D關(guān)于EF的對稱點(diǎn)正好在點(diǎn)B上,如圖所示:∴此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0;④當(dāng)點(diǎn)D關(guān)于EF的對稱點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在AB上時(shí),連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,AC與SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)G,如圖所示:根據(jù)解析(1)可知,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0垂直平分SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵∠BEF=90°,∴BE⊥FE,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0;⑤當(dāng)點(diǎn)E在OC上,點(diǎn)D關(guān)于EF的對稱點(diǎn)為其本身時(shí),符合題目要求,如圖所示:根據(jù)解析(1)可知,BE=DE,∵EO⊥BD,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵BO=DO,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵AO=4,∴SKIPIF1<0;綜上分析可知,AE的長為:1或3或4或5或7.5.(2022·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考二模)在正方形ABCD中,SKIPIF1<0,E是邊CD上一動(dòng)點(diǎn)(不與點(diǎn)C,D重合),分別連接AE,BE,將線段AE繞點(diǎn)E順時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到EF,將線段BE繞點(diǎn)E逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到EG,連接DF,CG.(1)如圖1,當(dāng)點(diǎn)E是CD的中點(diǎn)時(shí),求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)如圖2,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí).直接寫出SKIPIF1<0的值;(3)如圖3,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),取AB的中點(diǎn)H,連接EH.①EH的長為;②DE的長為.【答案】(1)見解析;(2)SKIPIF1<0;(3)6.5;0.5【分析】(1)根據(jù)正方形的性質(zhì)、全等三角形的判定和性質(zhì),即可證得AE=BE,在利用旋轉(zhuǎn)的性質(zhì),即可證得結(jié)論;(2)過點(diǎn)F作FM⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)M,過點(diǎn)G作GN⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)N,可證得△ADE≌△EMF,△BCE≌△ENG,可得DM=4,MF=2,CN=2,NG=4,再利用勾股定理,即可求得FD與CG的值,即可求解;(3)過點(diǎn)F作FP⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)P,過點(diǎn)G作GQ⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)Q,過點(diǎn)F作FS⊥QG,交QG于點(diǎn)S,過點(diǎn)H作HR⊥CD,交CD于點(diǎn)R,可證得△ADE≌△EPF,△BCE≌△EQG,設(shè)DE=x,則CE=6-x,可得DP=6-x,PF=x,CQ=x,QG=6-x,利用勾股定理,即可求得EH,DE的長.【詳解】(1)證明:∵四邊形ABCD是正方形,∴AD=BC,∠ADE=∠BCE,∵點(diǎn)E是CD的中點(diǎn),∴DE=CE,在△ADE和△BCE中,SKIPIF1<0,∴△ADE≌△BCE(SAS),∴AE=BE,∵將線段AE繞點(diǎn)E順時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到EF,將線段BE繞點(diǎn)E逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到EG,∴AE=EF,BE=EG,∴EF=EG.(2)解:過點(diǎn)F作FM⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)M,過點(diǎn)G作GN⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)N,如圖,∵FM⊥CD,GN⊥CD,∴∠M=90°,∠N=90°,∵四邊形ABCD是正方形,∴∠ADE=90°,∠BCE=90°,∴∠ADE=∠M,∠BCE=∠N,∴∠DAE+∠AED=90°,∠CBE+∠BEC=90°,∵將線段AE繞點(diǎn)E順時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到EF,將線段BE繞點(diǎn)E逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90°得到EG,∴AE=EF,BE=EG,∠AEF=90°,∠BEG=90°,∴∠FEM+∠AED=90°,∠GEN+∠BEC=90°,∴∠DAE=∠FEM,∠CBE=∠GEN,∴△ADE≌△EMF,△BCE≌△ENG,∴MF=DE,ME=AD=6,NG=CE,EN=BC=6,∵EC=2DE,∴DE=2,CE=4,∴MF=2,NG=4,∴DM=ME-DE=6-2=4,CN=EN-CE=6-4=2,由勾股定理得,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.(3)解:過點(diǎn)F作FP⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)P,過點(diǎn)G作GQ⊥CD,交CD的延長線于點(diǎn)Q,過點(diǎn)F作FS⊥QG,交QG于點(diǎn)S,過點(diǎn)H作HR⊥CD,交CD于點(diǎn)R,如圖,設(shè)DE=x,則CE=6-x,由(2)可同理得,△ADE≌△EPF,△BCE≌△EQG,∴PF=DE=x,PE=AD=6,QG=CE=6-x,EQ=BC=6,∴DP=PE
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