2024年岳麓版必修3英語上冊月考試卷

…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………第=page22頁，總=sectionpages22頁第=page11頁，總=sectionpages11頁2024年岳麓版必修3英語上冊月考試卷106考試試卷考試范圍：全部知識點；考試時間：120分鐘學校：______姓名：______班級：______考號：______總分欄題號一二三四五六總分得分評卷人得分一、選擇題(共5題，共10分)1、Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe____officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.leftD.hadleft2、Whentheoldmangothome,hefoundhiswindowopen,buthedidn’tfindany_____ofbeingstolen.A.sightB.signC.sceneD.notice3、_______tocharitywork,hesparesnotimeandenergyforentertainmentandhashelpedalotofneedychildrentogobacktoschool.A.DevotingB.HavingdevotedC.DevotedD.Beingdevoted4、________fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabird’snest.A.SeeingB.BeingseenC.SeenD.Havingseen5、Theyoungman,________stealingabike,stoodthere,shakingallover.A.accusingofB.accusedofC.accusingwithD.accusedwith評卷人得分二、其他(共9題，共18分)6、Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto____.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?。A．Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B．Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C．Howtoliveazero-wastelifestyleinahousehold.D．Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.7、KingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theideawasintroducedinthe1970swhentheonce-richregionturnedbarren(貧瘠的)duetoclimatechangeandintensivelanduse.Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapesatanunprecedentedscale,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasosaidin1985,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness.Thecouragetoturnyourbackontheoldformulas,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”

Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?。A．AfricanUnions.B．Alladvocates.C．Landowners.D．AllAfricans.8、ForoneweekinMay,morethan100,000peopleintheUKcarefullycountedtheirplasticwasteathomeinanationalinvestigationintoplasticuseandrecycling.ItwascalledtheBigPlasticCount,runbyorganizationsGreenpeaceandEverydayPlastic.Sohowdidtheygeton,andwhatdidtheydiscoverabouttheirdependencyonamaterialthathasbecomeapartofoureverydaylives?Jules,41,andherfamilythrewaway124piecesofplasticduringtheirweekofcounting.Thepackaginginpartybagsandstickerpacksforherdaughter’ssixthbirthdaywasthemostupsetting,shesays.Shehadthoughtherhouseholdwasquitelowplasticandsowas“shocked”byhowmuchtheyused.“It’sthehiddenstuffthatisn’trecyclable—likepizzawrappers—thatgetsyou,”Julesexplains.“Everysinglesheetforthestickersinthepartybagscameindividuallywrappedinitsownunrecyclablebag,andthentheywerepackedtogetherinabiggerbag,”shesays.HerchildrenarepassionateaboutprotectingtheenvironmentbutJulessaysshefindsitveryhardasaconsumertomaketherightchoices.“Wecanonlydosomuch.It’sinthemanufacturer’shands.Thewholethingissuchajuggle(雜耍).”Taylor,a25-year-oldscheduler,saysofthe70piecesofplastichecounted,itwasthecucumberpackagingthatupsethimthemost.Hehasfamilywholiveabroadwherehesaysit’seasytobuyfruitsandvegetableswithoutanyplastic.He’dalsoliketoseemorelocalproduceinshopsdirectfromfarmers,whichwouldreducetheneedforexcessivepackagingusedtotransportgoodslongdistances.“Igetprogressivelymoreupsetwiththefactthatsupermarketssellsomuchplastic,”hesays.Evenifhecouldfindplastic-freealternatives,hesaysthecostis____.“Thepriceofeverythingisgoingup,butthingsthatarebetterfortheenvironmentaremuchmoreexpensive,”hesays.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exorbitant”inthelastparagraphmean?。A．FlexibleB．Reasonable.C．LowD．Sky-high.9、Theyogurtthat’spastitssell-bydate.Thebananainyourlunchthatturnedbrown.Theleftoversinthefridgethatyouforgottoeat.Formostpeople,allthatfoodgoesrightintothegarbagecan.Eighttotenpercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(放)arerelatedtofoodwaste,accordingtoareportbytheU.N.’sIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.“Whenyouthrowawayaneggorasandwich,”saysYvetteCabrera,foodwastevicedirectorattheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil(N.R.D.C.),“you’realsothrowingawayalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingthosethings.”____includesnotonlyallthewater,land,andfertilizer(化肥)thatwentintoproducingthatfood,butalsothemassiveamountsoffossilfuelsusedtopowerthefarms,transportthefood,andcreatethepackaging.Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.

WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?。A．Provideapersuasiveexample.B．Addmorebackgroundinformation.C．Discussamoreseriousconsequence.D．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.10、KingCanutecouldn’tstoptheocean’stidefromrollingin—canAfricaholdbackthedesert?That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.Theideawasintroducedinthe1970swhentheonce-richregionturnedbarren(貧瘠的)duetoclimatechangeandintensivelanduse.Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.Theinitiativeisadecadein,andaround15%completed,andtherehavealreadybeenbenefitsformanycommunitiesandwildlife.It’sbringinglifebacktothecontinent’sdegradedlandscapesatanunprecedentedscale,providingnotonlyfoodsecurityandjobsbutareasontostayforthemillionswholivealongitspath.ThecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbringanurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”Thewallmayseemlikeamoonshot,butallthebestideasusuallyare.AsThomasSankara,formerpresidentofBurkinaFasosaidin1985,“Youcannotcarryoutfundamentalchangewithoutacertaindegreeofmadness.Thecouragetoturnyourbackontheoldformulas,thecouragetoinventthefuture.”【小題1】WhatdoesAfrica’s“GreatGreenWall”aimfor?。A．Offeringmorejobsforlocals.B．Stoppingtheexpansionofdesert.C．Creatingaharmonioussociety.D．ImprovingAfricanlandscapes.【小題2】WheredidAfricagettheinspiration?。A．Fromtheirpracticesofplantingtrees.B．Fromtheprocessofstoppingflooding.C．FromChina’ssuccessindesertcontrol.D．FromAfricans’wisdomandhardwork.11、Besides,10%ofrichcountriesgreenhousegasemissionscomefromfoodthatwasgrownandnevereaten.Foodwastenotonlycontributestoclimatechange,butalsofoodinsecurityandextremepoverty.Asstatedabove,inthegreatestfoodwastingcountries,therearelawsthat____producefrombeingdonatedtopeopleinneed.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confine”inparagraph3probablymean?。A．Refuse.B．Restrict.C．Contact.D．Protect.評卷人得分三、選用適當?shù)膯卧~或短語(共2題，共4分)12、Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.。A.agreementsB.chatteringC.effortsD.feasiblyE.fulfillmentF.hard

G.introducedH.moralityI.persuadedJ.seizedK.spoiledHere’stoguilt-freeflyingMajaRosengaveupflyingadecadeagooutofconcernforitsenvironmentalimpact.Butwhenshebecameamotherandstartedhangingoutwithotherparents,shedidn’tbringitup,evenwhentheconversationturnedtoflying.Itwouldhave____themood.TheninApril2018,herhomecountryofSweden____ataxonaviation(飛行).Theclimateimpactsofflyingwereontheeveningnewsandthemoodchanged.Rosen____themoment.WithherneighborLottaHammar,shelaunchedacampaigncalled“Westayontheground”,whichhas____10,000peopletocommittoavoidflightsin2019.Kudos.Buthere’sthe____truth:inthegrandschemeofthings,barelyanyonewillfollowsuit.The____classestendtohavealottosayabouttheecobenefitsofavoidingmeat,cyclingandeatinglocallysourcedfood.Butthat____generallydisappearswhenitcomestoflying.Wecan’trelyoninternational____tostopaviationemissioneither.Yes,theUNhasfixedupadealtocapaviationemissionsbeyond2020.Butitlacksrealbite,allowingairlinestocontinueemittingcarbonprovidedtheyoffset(抵消)it.Allthismeanswecouldreallydowithgreentechridingtotherescue.Here,atleast,thereisalittlegoodnews.Evenrathersimplemeasureslikefreeingplanestoflyinstraighterlinescould____cutcarbonemissions.Hybrid(混合動力的)electricaircraftarealsothepipeline.Andwealreadyknowthatplanescanmixupto50percentbiofuelsintotheirtanksandflysafely.It’stimetoredoubleour____tomakeplanesgreen.Inthemeantime,ifyouarestilllookingforaNewYear’sresolution,youmightwanttothinkaboutjoiningthose105000Swedes.13、選詞填空。

Withmoderategreenhousegases,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide____intotheatmosphere,Earthcansustainlife.Butcomprehensiveevidenceshowsthatmoreheatenergythannecessaryexistsbecauseofburninganincreasingvolumeoffossilfuels.Hence,thewarmingtrendhasaffectedEarth’secologyandharmoniousdevelopment.Newsreportsarefrequently____aboutpolarbears,sealsandpenguinsthatare____todeathbecauseofthemeltingice.Tropicaljunglesaredestroyed,makingthemlesshabitableforanimals.Whathumanbeingscan’t____isthatgarbageisthrowneverywhere,suchaswaterwaysandbasins.Facedwiththeseveresituations,worldwidegovernmentshavereformedpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandrestorethesensitiveecology.Dozensofenterpriseshave____andimplementedtheirconservationregulations,saying,“Wewillimmediatelycarryoutthedisposalofthewasteweproduce.”IndividualscanalsoseizeeverychancetoreducethecarbonfootprintbytheamountofCO2inthedailylife.AlthoughEarthhas____someecologicalchaos,peoplefromallovertheworldconfidentlysaythatthosemeasurescancreateasustainableworld.評卷人得分四、根據(jù)句意填寫單詞(共1題，共6分)14、_________onhowactorsmove,Kunoperasdonotnormallyhavecomplicatedstagesets.(根據(jù)句意填空)評卷人得分五、概要寫作(共1題，共2分)15、Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassage.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.CitiesintheSeaTheymaybesmall,buttheybuildbigthings!Coralpolyps(珊瑚蟲),whichliveinthewarm,shallowpartsoftheEarth’soceans,areprobablythebiggestbuildersontheplanet.Coralpolypsturncalciumfromseawaterintoahardmaterialcalledlimestone.Slowly,theybuildupahardskeleton(骨架)aroundtheirbodies.Whenpolypsdie,theirskeletonsremain.Youngpolypsattachthemselvestotheoldskeletonsandmakenewskeletons.Overtime,weirdandwonderfulshapesareslowlybuiltupintoamazingcoralreefs(珊瑚礁).Scientistssometimesthinkofcoralreefsasunderwatercities.Aquarterofallknownmarinespeciesliveinreefhabitats―therearenearlyathousandcoralspecies.Reefsarealsohometomillionsofseacreatures,likefish,crabs,turtles,andsharks.Humansdon’tliveincoralreefcities,butwebenefitfromthem.Reefscreatejobsforpeopleinthefishingindustryandotherrelatedbusinesses.Coralreefsarealsopopularfordivers一manycountriesbenefitfromthetouriststhattheyattract.Lastly,chemicalsfromreefcreatureshelpscientistscreatenewmedicines,whichhelpdoctorstreatdifferentillnesses.Coralreefsareveryimportant,yetwedon’ttakegoodcareofthem.Environmentalproblemshavealreadykilledabouttwentypercentoftheworld’sreefs.Abouthalfoftheremainingreefsaredying,andexpertsbelieveallofEarth’scoralreefswillbeindangerby2050.Whyarethereefsinsuchtrouble?Foronething,peoplecatchtoomanyreeffishandoftendamagethereefs—diverssometimesbreakoffpiecesofcoral.Pollutedwateralsocausesproblemsbecausereef-destroyingalgaegrowsindirtywater.Evenairpollutionhurtscoralreefs.Globalwarmingcauseswarmeroceanwater,whichcancausepolypstolosehelpfulalgae.Withoutthatalgae,coralturnswhite.Thisiscalled"bleaching”，andifitcontinues,thecoraldies.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________評卷人得分六、圖畫作文(共2題，共8分)16、觀察下列三幅圖；寫一篇短文向英語報社投稿。

內(nèi)容要點如下：

1.圖畫內(nèi)容；

2.你的感受。

注意：

1.標題自擬；

2.詞數(shù)：80詞左右；

3.可以適當增加一些細節(jié)；以使行文連貫。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________17、假設你是李華；為了提高學生的生活技能，你們班上周組織了一次“廚藝秀”。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記錄整個過程。

注意：1；詞數(shù)不少于100；2、開頭部分已寫好；不計入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：

“廚藝秀”a“cookingshow”activity;家常小炒simplestir-fries;班會課theclassmeetingLastFriday,ourteacherannouncedthatinorderto

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案一、選擇題(共5題，共10分)1、B【分析】【詳解】

考查時態(tài)。句意：當他表示他很快就會離職時候我們都很驚訝。根據(jù)“made”和“soon”可知，此處表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作，應該用過去將來時，故B項正確。2、B【分析】【詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當這位老人回到家時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)窗子開著，但沒發(fā)現(xiàn)被偷的跡象。A.sight景象；B.sign跡象；C.scene現(xiàn)場；場面；D.notice通知；啟事。根據(jù)語義可知，雖然老人發(fā)現(xiàn)窗子開著，但沒發(fā)現(xiàn)被偷的跡象，所以用名詞sign符合語境。故選B項。3、C【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：他致力于慈善事業(yè)，從不浪費時間和精力娛樂，并幫助許多貧困兒童重返校園。固定搭配bedevotedto“致力于”，此處省略be動詞，使用過去分詞，作狀語。故選C。4、C【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：從頂部看，體育館看起來向一個鳥巢。根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處作狀語，主語thestadium與see之間為被動關系，故應用過去分詞作狀語，故填C。5、B【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：被指控偷自行車，那個年輕人站在那里，渾身發(fā)抖。結(jié)合短語accusesb.ofsth.，意為“控告某人某事”，可知排除CD。分析句子可知謂語動詞是stood且無連詞，空格處填入非謂語動詞，Theyoungman與accuseof之間是被動關系，用過去分詞短語作狀語。故選B。二、其他(共9題，共18分)6、略

【分析】【詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto____.(如果你想過一種更可持續(xù)的生活方式，可能不是你周圍的每個人都準備好加入這一運動)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在這個過程中，我學到了一些東西，我希望如果你在一個不總是支持你的家庭中盡最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改變，你會感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要講述了作者如何在家庭中過零浪費的生活方式。故選C?！窘馕觥緾7、略

【分析】【導語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是非洲大陸試圖多種樹；創(chuàng)造“綠色長城”以阻止撒哈拉沙漠的擴張。

【詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“TheinitiativeisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.(這一倡議是非洲驅(qū)動的，對非洲大陸的人來說至關重要，可能是成功的關鍵。)”以及““TheGreatGreenWallisaboutownership,andthathasbeenthefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaandSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingof____!”(“綠色長城是關于所有權(quán)的問題，而這正是發(fā)展援助的失敗之處，因為人們從未認同它，”非洲聯(lián)盟撒哈拉和薩赫勒綠色長城倡議專員埃爾維斯·保羅·坦加姆說?！暗@一次他們認同了。這就是我們的本性!)”可知，此處的us指“所有的非洲人”。故選D項。【解析】D8、略

【分析】【導語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們在日常生活中會不自覺地產(chǎn)生很多塑料垃圾,以及他們對此的看法。

【詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thepriceofeverythingisgoingup,butthingsthatarebetterfortheenvironmentaremuchmoreexpensive(所有東西的價格都在上漲，但是對環(huán)境更好的東西要貴得多)”和劃線詞所在句“Evenifhecouldfindplastic-freealternatives,hesaysthecostis____.”(他說，即使他能找到不使用塑料的替代品，成本也是exorbitant。)”可知，此處指找到不使用塑料的替代品的成本更貴，劃線詞的含義與expensive同義，選項D.“Sky-high”意為“非常高”，符合題意，故選D項。【解析】D9、略

【分析】【導語】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是我們將過期的食物丟進垃圾箱這一行為給環(huán)境帶來的危害。

【詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段首句“Thenthere’stheissueofwhathappenstofoodafterit’sthrownout.(然后就是關于這些食物被扔掉后會發(fā)生什么事情的問題了。)”以及“MorefoodendsupinU.S.landfillsthananyothertypeoftrash.Foodrottinginlandfillsproducesmethane(甲烷),agreenhousegasthat’sroughly25timesmorepowerfulattrappingheatintheatmospherethancarbondioxide,whichisproducedbyburningfossilfuels.(進入美國垃圾填埋場的食物比其他任何類型的垃圾都多。在垃圾填埋場腐爛的食物會產(chǎn)生甲烷，這是一種溫室氣體，在大氣中吸收熱量的能力大約是燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳的25倍。)”可知作者想要告訴我們食物被扔進垃圾箱后所產(chǎn)生的嚴重后果。故選C項?！窘馕觥緾10、略

【分析】【詳解】

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“That’scertainlywhatthecontinentistyingtodowithitsproposed“GreatGreenWall”,800km(almost5,00miles)worthoftreesthatofficialshopewillstoptheadvancementoftheSaharaDesert,whichhasbeenrapidlyexpandingsouthward.(這當然就是非洲大陸要修建“綠色長城”的原因；官員們希望修建價值800公里(近500英里)的樹木，以阻止撒哈拉沙漠向南迅速擴張)”可知，非洲綠色長城的目的是阻止撒哈拉沙漠的擴張。故選B項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butit’snotanewidea;ChinahasitsowndesertvegetationprojecttoholdbacktheGobiDesert!ThankstotheChineseplan,theAfricanprojectaimstoplant100millionhectaresoftreesby2030acrosstheentireAfrica.(但這并不是一個新想法;中國有自己的沙漠植被工程來遏制戈壁沙漠!由于中國的計劃，非洲項目的目標是到2030年在整個非洲種植1億公頃的樹木)”可知，非洲項目的靈感來自于中國在利用植樹造林方面控制沙漠的成功。故選C項?！窘馕觥俊拘☆}1】B

【小題2】C11、略

【分析】【導語】

這是一篇說明文。發(fā)達國家10%的溫室氣體排放來自那些種植但從未食用的食物。糧食浪費不僅會導致氣候變化；還會造成糧食不安全和極端貧困。如上所述，在糧食浪費最嚴重的國家，有法律限制農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈給有需要的人。

【詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andthefoodthatdoesn’tmeetthesestandardsisthrownaway.Thereareincrediblystrictlawsaboutfooddonationthatactuallymakesitillegaltodonatefoodthatdoesn’tmeetstandardsthataresimilartothoseofthegrocerystoreaswellaslawsthatrestrictthisfoodfrombeingusedasanimalfeed.(不符合這些標準的食物就會被扔掉。關于食品捐贈有非常嚴格的法律規(guī)定，捐贈不符合食品雜貨店標準的食品是違法的，法律還限制這些食品被用作動物飼料)”以及畫線詞上文“inthegreatestfoodwastingcountries”和后文“producefrombeingdonatedtopeopleinneed”可知，在糧食浪費最嚴重的國家，法律限制將農(nóng)產(chǎn)品捐贈給有需要的人。故畫線詞意思是“限制”。A.Refuse.拒絕；B.Restrict.限制；C.Contact.聯(lián)系；D.Protect.保護。故選B?！窘馕觥緽三、選用適當?shù)膯卧~或短語(共2題，共4分)12、略

【分析】【分析】

這是一篇說明文。本文由介紹一項由瑞典女性發(fā)起的“不乘坐飛機”運動開啟；進而介紹目前讓航空業(yè)更加綠色環(huán)保面臨的問題，最后呼吁人們要加大環(huán)保力度。

【小題1】

考查謂語動詞。句意：談話氣氛會被破壞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知；設空處應填寫動詞過去分詞，與前面的助動詞wouldhave構(gòu)成謂語，spoiled“破壞”為動詞過去分詞形式，符合文意，故選K項。

【小題2】

考查謂語動詞。句意：然后到了2018年4月，她的祖國瑞典出臺了一項針對飛行的稅收政策。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處應填寫動詞作謂語；又根據(jù)時間狀語inApril2018可知，該處應填寫動詞過去式，表示“引入（政策）”，introduce“引入；介紹”為動詞；符合文意，故選G項。

【小題3】

考查謂語動詞。句意：Rosen抓住了這個時機。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知；設空處應填寫動詞作謂語；根據(jù)前文的句意可知，設空處還是表述過去發(fā)生的事情，應使用動詞的過去式，seized“抓??；占據(jù)”為動詞過去式形式，符合文意，故選J項。

【小題4】

考查謂語動詞。句意：她和鄰居LottaHammar共同發(fā)起一個名為“我們在地面”運動。此次運動已經(jīng)在2019年說服了1萬人承諾不再乘坐飛機。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處應填寫動詞作謂語；又根據(jù)空格前的助動詞has可知，該處填寫動詞過去分詞形式，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，persuaded“說服”為動詞過去式形式；符合文意，故選I項。

【小題5】

考查形容詞作定語。句意：但是這里有一個殘酷的事實：聲勢浩大的事情，幾乎任何人都會跟風加入。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該處應填寫形容詞，hard“艱難的；殘酷的”為形容詞，作truth的定語；表示“殘酷的現(xiàn)實”，故選F項。

【小題6】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：喜歡對社會發(fā)表意見的人們往往很愿意談論素食、自行車騎行和選擇就近生產(chǎn)的食物帶來的生態(tài)環(huán)境益處。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處作定語，chatteringclasses為固定搭配；意為“清談階層；喜歡對政治或社會問題發(fā)表意見的人”，故選B項。

【小題7】

考查名詞。句意：但是這種道德準則遇到飛行話題上就會缺位。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應填寫名詞，作主語；根據(jù)空格前的that可知，該處指代上文人們生態(tài)保護方面的道德準則，morality“道德；道德準則”為名詞；符合文意，故選H項。

【小題8】

考查名詞。句意：我們也不能只是依靠國際協(xié)議來阻止航空業(yè)的溫室氣體排放。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處應填寫名詞，作賓語，agreements“協(xié)議；合同”為名詞；符合文意，故選A項。

【小題9】

考查副詞。句意：即使是相當簡單的措施，如讓飛機以直線飛行，也可以有效減少碳排放?；旌蟿恿Φ碾妱语w機也在蓄勢待發(fā)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處應填寫副詞，修飾謂語動詞cut，feasibly“可行地；行得通地”為副詞；符合句意表述，故選D項。

【小題10】

考查名詞。句意：我們?nèi)缃褚颖杜?，讓航空業(yè)變得更加綠色環(huán)保。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該處應填寫名詞，作賓語；efforts“努力”為名詞，符合文意，故選C項?！窘馕觥俊拘☆}1】K

【小題2】G

【小題3】J

【小題4】I

【小題5】F

【小題6】B

【小題7】H

【小題8】A

【小題9】D

【小題10】C13、略

【分析】【導語】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了地球經(jīng)歷的一些生態(tài)破壞；以及人們?yōu)楸Ｗo地球做出的一些努力。

【小題1】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：隨著溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳釋放到大氣中，地球可以維持生命。逗號前面是with復合結(jié)構(gòu)，即with+賓語+賓語補足語，所以此處應用非謂語動詞形式，此處表示“釋放”為動詞release，賓語為greenhousegases，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，和動詞release(釋放)是被動關系，應用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語，故填released。

【小題2】

考查語態(tài)。句意：有關北極熊、海豹和企鵝因冰層融化而餓死的新聞報道經(jīng)常被播出。此處是主句的謂語動詞，由句意可知，表示“播放”應用動詞broadcast，且主語Newsreports和動詞broadcast是被動關系，應用過去分詞形式和are構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動，故填broadcast。

【小題3】

考查語態(tài)。句意：有關北極熊、海豹和企鵝因冰層融化而被餓死的新聞報道經(jīng)常被播出。此處是that引導的定語從句的謂語動詞，表示“餓死”為動詞starve，從句主語that指代先行詞polarbears，sealsandpenguins，和動詞starve是被動關系，應用過去分詞形式和are構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動，表示“被餓死”，故填starved。

【小題4】

考查情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形。句意：人類不能容忍的是垃圾到處亂扔，比如扔進水道和盆地。此處是what引導的主語從句中的謂語動詞，表示“忍受”為動詞tolerate，和主語humanbeings是主動關系，由前面的can’t可知，應用動詞原形，故填tolerate。

【小題5】

考查時態(tài)。句意：已有數(shù)十家企業(yè)提交并實施了環(huán)保法規(guī)，表示“我們將立即對產(chǎn)生的廢棄物進行處理?！贝颂幨蔷渥拥闹^語動詞，和implemented是并列謂語動詞，表示“提交”為動詞submit，且由句意和have可知，主語Dozensofenterprises和動詞implement是主動關系，所以句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，此處應用過去分詞形式哈have構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時，故填submitted。

【小題6】

考查時態(tài)。句意：雖然地球已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了一些生態(tài)混亂，來自世界各地的人們自信地說，這些措施可以創(chuàng)造一個可持續(xù)發(fā)展的世界。此處是although引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞，表示“經(jīng)歷”為動詞undergo，和主語Earth是主動關系。由句意和has可知，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時，所以此處應用過去分詞和has構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時，故填undergone?！窘馕觥俊拘☆}1】released

【小題2】broadcast

【小題3】starved

【小題4】tolerate

【小題5】submitted

【小題6】undergone四、根據(jù)句意填寫單詞(共1題，共6分)14、略

【分析】【詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：基于演員的動作，昆曲通常沒有復雜的舞臺布景。根據(jù)句意，bebasedon“基于；根據(jù)”符合語境，作狀語省略be動詞，base與Kunoperas是被動關系，用過去分詞作定語，故填Based。【解析】Based五、概要寫作(共1題，共2分)15、略

【分析】【導語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了珊瑚礁的成因及對人類的益處以及珊瑚礁受到威脅的各種各樣的原因。

【詳解】

1.要點摘錄。

①Youngpolypsattachthemselvestotheoldskeletonsandmakenewskeletons.Overtime,weirdandwonderfulshapesareslowlybuiltupintoamazingcoralreefs

②Scientistssometimesthinkofcoralreefsasunderwatercities.Aquarterofallknownmarinespeciesliveinreefhabitats.

③Humansdon’tliveincoralreefcities,butwebenefitfromthem.

④Coralreefsareveryimportant,yetwedon’ttakegoodcareofthem.Environmentalproblemshavealreadykilledabouttwentypercentoftheworld’sreefs.

⑤peoplecatchtoomanyreeffishandoftendamagethereefs—diverssometimesbreakoffpiecesofcoral.

⑥Pollutedwateralsocausesproblemsbecausereef-destroyingalgaegrowsindirtywater.

2.縝密構(gòu)思。

將第1；2兩個要點進行重組；將第4、5、6三個要點進行整合。

3.遣詞造句。

Coralreefsconsistsofskeletonsofcoralpolyps,beinghometomarinespeciesandseacreatures.

Webenefitalotfromthem.

However,wedon’ttakecareofthembecausetheyarethreatenedbyenvironmentalproblems,fishing,divingandpollution.

【點睛】

[高分句型1]

Coralreefs,builtofskeletonsofcoralpolyps,arecalledunderwatercities,wherelivemanymarinespeciesandseacreatures.(運用一個復雜的主從復合句對原文第一段和第二段進行了概括。其中where引導的非限制性定語從句，built過去分詞作的后置定語等表達高級)

[高分句型2]

Onefifthofthemhavedisappear