Unit1ScienceFictionReviewUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit1ScienceFiction被

動

語

態(tài)語態(tài)用來表示主語與謂語之間的關系。

1.主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者2.被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者

復習被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構成

時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構成例句1一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+doneWearegivenalotofhomeworktodo.我們有很多作業(yè)要做。2一般過去時was/were+doneTheyweregivenawarmwelcome.他們受到熱烈的歡迎。3現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+being+doneThebridgeisbeingrepairedatpresent.目前大橋正在維修。4過去進行時was/were+being+doneTheytoldmethatthecasewasbeinginvestigated.他們告訴我案子正在調(diào)查。被動語態(tài)的構成

時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構成例句5現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasbeen+doneThedocumentsforwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.他們找尋的文件已找到了。6過去完成時hadbeen+doneHeaskedifMaryhadbeensenttohospital.他問瑪麗是否已被送進醫(yī)院。7一般將來時will/shallbe+doneHisweddingwillbeheldinthehotel.他的婚禮將在酒店里舉行。8過去將來時would/shouldbe+doneHeknewhewouldbepunishedforit.他知道他會為此受到懲罰。1.當我們不知道動作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時。EveryclassroominthisschoolisbeingequippedwithanewTVset.在這所學校里,每間教室都正在裝備一臺新的電視機。Givebloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.如果可以的話,請獻一點血,很多生命將會因此而獲救。2.為了強調(diào)動作的承受者時。TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercuttingarebeingexhibitedatthecultureshownow.剪紙等天津民間傳統(tǒng)藝術品現(xiàn)在正在文化展覽中展出。被動語態(tài)的用法

被動語態(tài)的用法

3.出于策略、委婉、禮貌等不提出動作的執(zhí)行者時。Youaresaidtobeactiverecently.據(jù)說你最近很活躍。Itisreportedthattheywillcometoourcityforavisit.據(jù)報道,他們要來我們城市訪問。特殊結構的被動形式(1)雙賓動詞的被動結構

例：He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.帶有雙賓語的主動句，變被動句時，一般把“人”提前作主語；將“物”提前則要在“人”的前面加to或for。特殊結構的被動形式帶復合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)時,一般將主動結構中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構中的主語,而將賓語補足語保留不動(這時的賓語補足語為主語補足語)。(2)帶復合賓語的動詞的被動結構

例：HisfathercalledhimJack.HewascalledJackbyhisfather.特殊結構的被動形式(3)“it+be+過去分詞+從句”式的被動結構

常見的結構有：Itisknownthat...Itissuggestedthat...Itisbelievedthat...Itisreportedthat...Itissaidthat...Itishopedthat...特殊結構的被動形式

(4)主動形式表被動意義①

有些不及物動詞主動形式可表被動意義

例：Thefoodtastedbetterthanitlooked.1.某些連系動詞，如feel,look,prove,smell,sound,taste等。例：Itcan’tmove.Thedoorwon’tshut.

2.某些與can’t,won’t等連用的不及物動詞，如move,lock,shut,open等。特殊結構的被動形式例：Mynewpenwriteswell.Theclothdoesn’twasheasily.3.某些可與well,easily

等副詞連用的不及物動詞，如read,write,wash

等。特殊結構的被動形式

②非謂語動詞的某些主動形式表示被動意義例：Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Volleyballisveryinterestingtowatch.

在“be+形容詞+不定式”結構中，不定式表示的動作與句子主語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系時，用主動形式表示被動意義。常見形容詞有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等

特殊結構的被動形式例：Thefilmiswellworthseeing.ThepolicyispartlytoblameforcausingtheworstunemploymentinEurope.在beworthdoing和betoblame

結構中，動詞-ing形式或動詞不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。

特殊結構的被動形式

當want,need,require,deserve

表示“需要”或“值得”時，其賓語可用動詞-ing

形式的主動形式表示被動意義。

例：Thecarpetreallywantscleaning(=tobecleaned).Mosthouseplantsrequirewatering(=tobewatered).Practice1.Theflightmust__________(book)bytomorrow.2.Thetwins________(looklike)theirmother.3.She__________(invite)toJack’s16thbirthdaypartyinNewJersey.4.Thepizza________(taste)deliciouswithoutanycheeseatall.bebookedlooklikewasinvited

tastesPractice5.Thecompanybelievestheproductswill________(sell)wellintherun-uptoChristmas.6.Thestory________(read)well.7.WouldyoupleasekeepsilentTheweatherreport________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.8.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture_______(belong)tothewell-educated.

sellreadsisbeingbroadcast

belongsPracticeCompletethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.1.Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2.Janet__________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3.Twohundredgrammesofflourshould________tothecakemix.(add)beundone木已成舟。waselected珍妮特上個月當選為學生會主席。蛋糕料里需要加入兩百克面粉。beaddedPractice4.A3,000-seatvenue__________________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)5.Workingefficiency________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)6.Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage__________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)wasbuilt/willbebuilt一個擁有三千座位，供馬戲表演使用的場地于十一月建成/將在十一月建成。hasbeenimproved自從采用了新軟件，工作效率就被提升了。isallowed經(jīng)濟艙的乘客每人僅允許攜帶一件隨身行李。Practice7.Itisagreathonourformeto_________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman’ssalary_________________atthemeeting.(discuss)9.WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpectedto__________toatopuniversity.(admit)beinvited我很榮幸能被邀請在AI大會上發(fā)言。wasbeingdiscussed我進會議室的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)正在討論銷售員的薪水。beadmitted使用轉換為盲文的高考試卷，一位高中的視障學生考取了630分（總分650）。他有望被一所名校錄取。Readtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectSciencefiction_____________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand___________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_________byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.

isregardedexploredwrittenReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectWhenthefirstvolume_________________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook_____________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.TheThree-BodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.wastranslatedrepresentsReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectYe_____________tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which____________tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao___________