專題 06 Welcome Unit 重點(diǎn)單詞變形 詞組 短語(yǔ) 句型【考點(diǎn)清單】

WelcomeUnitWelcomeUnit話題校園生活詞匯exchange，lecture，formal，senior，outgoing，concentrate，experiment，awkwardjunior，explore，forward，flash，goal，partner，company，style短語(yǔ)atlast，makeanimpression，whatif，concentrateon，leave...alone，lookforwardtotakenotes句型1．whatif2．find＋n.＋adj.3．feel＋比較級(jí)4．either...or...5．whiledoingsth6．nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞語(yǔ)法基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)寫作個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)介考點(diǎn)1.exchangen．交換；交流vt.交換；交流；交易；兌換[教材原句]I’manexchangestudentfromtheUK.我是來(lái)自英國(guó)的一名交換生?！就卣埂?1)inexchangefor交換(2)exchangesthforsth用……來(lái)交換……exchangesthwithsb與某人交換某物【經(jīng)典練】語(yǔ)境辨義/單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyweregivenfoodandshelterinexchangeforwork.②Iexchangedthosetrousersforalargersize.③Hewouldliketoworkintherestaurantinexchangeamealforfree.【答案】1.交換2.調(diào)換3.for【寫作佳句】I’mhappytolearnthatyouwillcometoourschoolnexttermasanexchangestudent.我很高興得知你下學(xué)期會(huì)作為交換生來(lái)我們學(xué)校。考點(diǎn)2.lecturen．講座；講課；教訓(xùn)vi.(開)講座；講課vt.訓(xùn)斥[教材原句]inthelecturehall在演講大廳【拓展】eq\x(givealecture做演講；做講座)【經(jīng)典練】語(yǔ)境辨義①WewenttoalectureonItalianart..②ShelecturesinRussianliterature.③Hisparentsusedtolecturehimonhistablemanners..【答案】1.講座2.講課3.訓(xùn)斥【寫作佳句】LastFridaymorningwespokeonebyoneinthelecturehall.Attheendofmyspeechmanystudentsgavemeloudapplause.(2020·北京卷書面表達(dá))上周五上午，我們?cè)趫?bào)告廳一個(gè)接一個(gè)地演講。我的演講結(jié)束時(shí)，許多學(xué)生給了我熱烈的掌聲?？键c(diǎn)3.designn．設(shè)計(jì)；設(shè)計(jì)方案vt.設(shè)計(jì)；籌劃【典型例句】Thesebooksareprimarilydesignedfortheuseofbeginners.這些書主要是供初學(xué)的人使用的?！就卣埂?1)bedesignedforsb/sth為……所設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedtodosth被設(shè)計(jì)用于做……(2)bydesign＝onpurpose有意地，故意地(3)designern.設(shè)計(jì)者【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①TheHopeProject____________（design)helpthosechildrenwhodropoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty②Thisroom______________（design)childrenasachildren’splayroom.③Wedon’tknowwhethertheydiditbyaccidentor_________design.④Thiscourseisspeciallydesigned________beginnerslikeyou,focusingonlisteningandspeakingpractice.【答案】1.isdesignedto2.isdesignedfor3.bydesign4.for【教考銜接】1.(2021北京卷A篇)Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.2.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)HUNCH__________(design)toconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.

3.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)ForWestern____________(design),ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.4.TheGPNP___40___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.(2021·新高考1卷)【答案】2.isdesigned3.designers4.isdesigned考點(diǎn)4.annoyedadj.惱怒的；生氣的【典型例句】Iwasannoyedatthoseannoyingthingsbecausethosethingswereannoyingmeallthetime.我對(duì)那些煩人的事情感到惱火,因?yàn)檫@些事情一直困擾著我?！就卣埂?1)beannoyedat/withsb對(duì)某人生氣beannoyedby/aboutsth因某事而生氣(2)annoyvt.使惱怒；打擾annoyingadj.令人惱怒的；令人煩惱的單句語(yǔ)法填空①Wewereannoyed______(find)himbreakingthewindow.

②Sheis________(annoy)withhimforforgettingtophoneher.③Hewasannoyed________youforyourcarelessness.【答案】1.tofind2.annoyed3.at/with【寫作佳句】WhenIhearthatsomeonesays，“Myfriendfalls，Ilaugh;myphonefalls,Icry.”Ifeelratherannoyedandsurprised.當(dāng)我聽到有人說(shuō)：“我的朋友摔倒了，我笑了；我的手機(jī)掉了，我哭了?！蔽腋械胶軔阑鸷腕@訝。考點(diǎn)5.anxiousadj.焦慮的；不安的[教材原句]I’mnotoutgoingsoI’malittleanxiousrightnow.我性格并不外向，所以現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)焦慮?！就卣埂?1)beanxiousabout為……擔(dān)心/擔(dān)憂beanxiousfor渴望……beanxioustodosth渴望做某事(2)anxietyn.擔(dān)心；焦慮；渴望anxiouslyadv.焦慮地【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①It’snaturalforparentstobeanxious_______children’sfuture.②Icanunderstandyour__________(anxious),butpleasetrynottoworry.③IwastoldtheLearningCentreprovideshelpforstudentsandI’manxious_________(get)helpfromyou.

④Hewassoanxious__________(return)homethathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethesummervacationbegan.【答案】1.about2.anxiety3.toget4.toreturn【教考銜接】Wearereallyconcernedandanxious(learn)aboutyourupdates.(2020·浙江)【答案】tolearn考點(diǎn)6.impressionn．印象；感想[教材原句]Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.我想給別人留下良好的第一印象?！就卣埂?1)make/have/leavea(n)．..impressiononsb給某人留下一個(gè)……的印象(2)impressvt.使欽佩；給……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目impresssthon/uponsb＝impresssbwithsth使某人牢記某事beimpressedby/at/with對(duì)……印象深刻(3)impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的；感人的【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youwillsurelybeimpressedthosebeautifulpaper-cuttingworks.

②What(impress)memostwasthatwheneverheappearedinfrontofothersheoftenworeabigsmile.③First(impress)arethemostlasting.Afterall,younevergetasecondchance.【答案】1.by2.impressed3.impressions【教考銜接】Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasinglegrowingoutofthetheme.(2020·浙江卷)【答案】impression考點(diǎn)7.frightenedadj.驚嚇的；害怕的[教材原句]Ididn’tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatall.我一點(diǎn)也不覺(jué)得尷尬或害怕?！就卣埂?1)befrightenedtodosth害怕做某事befrightenedof...對(duì)……感到驚恐(2)frightenvt.使驚嚇；使驚恐；嚇唬frighteningadj.令人恐懼的；可怕的【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①I’mfrightened________walkinghomealoneinthedark.

②Shewasfrightened_________(look)downfromthetopfloorofthebuilding.

③Seeingthe_______tiger,theboywas________.(frighten)④

Seeingthefrighteningscene,thelittlegirlwasfrightened________deathandcriedinfrightwithafrightenedexpressiononherface.【答案】1.of2.tolook3.frightening;frightened4.of【高考鏈接】(2021全國(guó)卷II完形填空)Hehad43tocoax（哄）thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.43.A.tried B.agreed C.promised D.regretted44.A.calmeddown B.stoodup C.rolledover D.runoff考點(diǎn)8.confidentadj.自信的；有把握的[教材原句]IfeelmuchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthismorning.我感覺(jué)比今天早晨更加自信?！就卣埂?1)beconfidenteq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(about/of對(duì)……有信心,in在……方面充滿信心))(2)confidencen．信心【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theydon'tsoundconfident________thefutureoftheindustry②Thephysicians,however,seemedmoreconfident________treatingdepressedpatientsaftertraining,andreferredfewerpatientstopsychiatrists.③Ihaveevery/complete____________(confident)inher.She'llbeperfectforthejob.【答案】1.of/about2.in3.confidence【教考銜接】1.MrMills’sencouragingremarkgaveVinnie(confident)tomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln.(2020·天津)【答案】confidence2.Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand___37___(confidence)speakingEnglish.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)【答案】confident考點(diǎn)9.concentrateon集中精力于[教材原句]Icouldn’tconcentrateontheexperiment.我沒(méi)法專心做實(shí)驗(yàn)。【拓展】concentrateone’smind/attentionon集中注意力于；致力于；專心于concentrationn.集中；專心【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Alltheseworriesmakeitimpossibleforhertoconcentrateherwork.②Hisabilitytoabsorbinformationwasastonishing,buthis(concentrate)timewasshort.【答案】1.on2.concentration【高考真題鏈接】(2021全國(guó)乙D篇)32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate. B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere. D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.【寫作佳句】WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyfatherconcentratingonhiswork.當(dāng)我醒來(lái)時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)父親在專心工作?？键c(diǎn)10.leave...alone不打擾；不驚動(dòng)[教材原句]Ireallywantedtotellhimtopleasebequietandleavemealone!我真想對(duì)他說(shuō)：請(qǐng)安靜，別打擾我！【拓展】leaveaside擱置一邊leavefor...動(dòng)身到……leaveout省略；遺漏；忽略【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空1)Pleaseleavemythings________!2)Whendoyouplantoleave___________Canada?3)We’llleave___________thedifficultproblemuntilnextweek．4)We

hear

of

women

who

run

away,

leaving

_______

their

homes

and

families.5)It

was

careless

of

him

to

leave

______an

important

detail.【答案】1.alone，2.for，3.aside，4.behind，5.out【寫作佳句】Iwisheveryonewouldstopbotheringmeandjustleavemealone.我希望大家別來(lái)打擾我，就讓我一個(gè)人待著。考點(diǎn)11.goaln．目標(biāo)；球門；射門；進(jìn)球[教材原句]IhavelearninggoalsandmakeplansformyEnglishstudies.我有學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)并為我的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)制定了計(jì)劃?！就卣埂縜chieveone’sgoal實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)learninggoals學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)【經(jīng)典練】語(yǔ)境辨義①Ourgoalisforthecountrytobefullyindependentwithintwoyears.②Blackkicked/headedtheballinto/towardsthegoal.③Brazilwonbythreegoalstoone.【答案】1.目標(biāo)2.球門3.進(jìn)球【寫作佳句】MyteacheralwaysremindsmethatIshouldnotgiveupmylearninggoalsonceIsetthem.我的老師總是提醒我，一旦設(shè)定了學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，就不應(yīng)該放棄?？键c(diǎn)12.improvevi.&vt.改進(jìn)；改善[教材原句]Whatisthebestwayforyoutoimproveyourreadingskills?對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)，提高閱讀能力的最好方法是什么？【拓展】improveon/uponsth改進(jìn)；做出比……更好的成績(jī)improvementn.改進(jìn)；改善；提高【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①We’vecertainlyimprovedlastyear’sfigures.②Weexpecttoseefurther(improve)overthecomingyear.【答案】1.on/upon2.improvement【寫作佳句】Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveussomeadviceonhowtoimproveourrobots.如果您能就如何改進(jìn)我們的機(jī)器人給我們一些建議，我將不勝感激?？键c(diǎn)13.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強(qiáng)的[教材原句]I’mcuriousabouteverything.我對(duì)一切都很好奇?！就卣埂?1)becuriousaboutsth對(duì)某事感到好奇becurioustodosth極想做某事(2)curiosityn.好奇心(3)curiouslyadv.好奇地【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theywereverycurious_________thepeoplewholivedupstairs.②Asweallknow,childrenarefullof(curious)abouteverythingaroundthem.③Thepeoplelookedatthestrangeboy(curious)．【答案】1.about2.curiosity3.curiously【教考銜接】LikeGalileo，allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent，“Why？Why？Why？”(2020·天津卷)【寫作佳句】ChinesestudentsarecuriousabouttheschoollifeofAmericanstudents.中國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)美國(guó)學(xué)生的校園生活感到好奇?？键c(diǎn)14.lookforwardto盼望；期待(to為介詞)[教材原句]Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent.湯姆正盼望著迎接這名新的交換生?！就卣埂縧ookinto往……里看；調(diào)查lookoutfor注意察看；留心lookback(on)回憶；回顧lookdownon/upon俯視；輕視；看不起【經(jīng)典練】介、副詞填空①AsIsawtheoldphoto,Ialwayslookedbackthescenewherewehadmet.②Now,Iwanttoansweryourquestions,butremembertolookfortheredlight.③Agoodteacherneverlooksdownslowstudents.【答案】1.on2.out3.on/upon【教考銜接】Weallmissyouandarelookingforwardtoyourearlyrecovery.Getplentyofrestandtakegoodcareofyourself.(2020·浙江卷寫作)考點(diǎn)15.find+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)[教材原句P4]Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我覺(jué)得我的大多數(shù)同學(xué)和老師都很友好，而且樂(lè)于助人?！就卣埂縖句型公式]find＋sb/sth＋adj.(賓補(bǔ))find＋賓語(yǔ)(n./pron.)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)……處于……狀態(tài)”。句中“mostofmyclassmatesandteachers”為賓語(yǔ)，“friendlyandhelpful”為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常用下列形式：(1)find＋賓語(yǔ)＋adj.(賓補(bǔ))(2)find＋賓語(yǔ)＋doing(賓補(bǔ))(3)find＋賓語(yǔ)＋done(賓補(bǔ))【經(jīng)典練】(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whenhearrived,hefoundallthework_______(finish)．②Whenshecameintotheroom,shefoundthem________(sit)togethersinging.(2)完成句子③Icalledonheronmywayhomeand____________________.我在回家的路上去拜訪她，發(fā)現(xiàn)她出去了。④Jane___________________________________________________.簡(jiǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個(gè)不同的世界里。⑤ShereturnedtoEnglandto_____________________________.她回到英國(guó)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己竟出名了?！敬鸢浮?.finished2.sitting3.foundherout,4.foundherselfinadifferentworld,5.findherselffamous【寫作佳句】WhenIarrivedhome，IfoundmymotherwatchingTV．當(dāng)我到家時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽正在看電視?？键c(diǎn)16.either...or…要么……要么……[教材原句P8]IfI'mnotinclass,I'meitherinthelibraryorinthecomputerlab.如果我不在教室，我要到在圖書館要么在電腦室?！就卣埂縖句型公式]either...or...或者……或者……連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)遵循“就近原則”的并列連詞有：·either...or...或者……或者……·neither...nor...既不……也不……·notonly...butalso...不但……而且……·not...but...不是……而是……【經(jīng)典練】①Sightseeingisbestdonebytourbusbybicycle.觀光最好要么乘坐游覽巴士，要么騎自行車。②Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents(be)toattendthemeeting.或者是你或者是你的一個(gè)學(xué)生參加會(huì)議。③Kunmingisabeautifulcity,whereit’stoohottoocoldalltheyeararound.昆明是一個(gè)美麗的地方，一年四季既不冷也不熱。④Inmyopinion,neithermyfriendnormyclassmates(be)aspositiveasTom.在我看來(lái)，我的朋友和我的同學(xué)都沒(méi)有和湯姆一樣積極?！敬鸢浮?.either，or2.is3.neither，nor4.are【寫作佳句】IoftengotoeithertheEnglishCorner__orthegymasmyafter－classactivities.課外活動(dòng)時(shí)，我通常要么去“英語(yǔ)角”，要么去體育館?？键c(diǎn)17.2.重點(diǎn)句式:whatif?如果...會(huì)怎么樣呢？要是...會(huì)怎么樣呢？【教材原句】Whatifnoonetalkstome?要是沒(méi)人跟我說(shuō)話怎么辦呢？【拓展】其他類似結(jié)構(gòu)：What/Howabout...？……怎么樣(表示建議)?Howcome?怎么回事？Sowhat?那又怎么樣？Whatfor?為什么what'sup?怎么了？Whatdoyouthinkof...?認(rèn)為怎么樣？【經(jīng)典練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①____________hegetsangry?I'malittleworried.如果他生氣了會(huì)怎么樣呢？我有點(diǎn)兒擔(dān)心。②_______________goingtothecinematonight?Anewfilmisonshow.今天晚上去看電影怎么樣？有一部新電影正在上映。③—Someonewillseeyoudoingit.—_______________?——會(huì)有人看見你做這事的?！怯衷趺礃?？④______________?Whyareyoulateagain?怎么回事？你為什么又遲到了？答案:1.Whatif，2.Whatabout,3.Sowhat,4.Howcome.一．語(yǔ)法精講——基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)思維導(dǎo)圖一、七種句子成分1．主語(yǔ)(subject)主語(yǔ)是一句話的主體，表明句子說(shuō)的是誰(shuí)或是什么。它一般放在謂語(yǔ)之前，通常由名詞(名詞短語(yǔ))、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞以及主語(yǔ)從句等擔(dān)任。TVnewsoftengivesuslotsofinformation.(名詞)Somethingiswrongwithmycomputer.(代詞)Seven－tenthsoftheearthsurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Toseeistobelieve.(動(dòng)詞不定式)Cyclingandboatingaremyfavoritefreetimeinterests.Thatshewasadmittedintoakeyuniversitygreatlycomfortedherparents.(主語(yǔ)從句)2．謂語(yǔ)(verb，指謂語(yǔ)部分的主要?jiǎng)釉~，也稱謂詞)謂語(yǔ)是對(duì)主語(yǔ)的有關(guān)問(wèn)題加以說(shuō)明的部分。謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么，是什么或者怎么樣。謂語(yǔ)位于主語(yǔ)之后，由動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任。凡是由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)，無(wú)論處在什么時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣下，都被稱之為謂語(yǔ)。謂語(yǔ)分為簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)和復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.(簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ))GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghai.(復(fù)合謂語(yǔ))3．表語(yǔ)(predicative)表語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“是什么”或“怎么樣”的句子成分。它由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式及短語(yǔ)、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。MyfavoriteattractionistheGreatWall.(名詞)—Whoisthere？(副詞)—It’sme.(代詞)Englishisbothusefulandimportant.(形容詞)TheForbiddenCityisatthecentreofBeijing.(介詞短語(yǔ))Thegreatesthappinessistoworkforthehappinessofall.(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ))Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))Mybeliefisthatourcountrywillbecomestrongerandstronger.(表語(yǔ)從句)4．賓語(yǔ)(object)賓語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，或是介詞所表示的某種聯(lián)系的對(duì)象。賓語(yǔ)放在及物動(dòng)詞的后面。賓語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)或名詞性從句等充當(dāng)。Thechildrenareflyingkites.(名詞)Callmeanytime.(代詞)Idecidetopickupanewforeignlanguage.(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ))Doyoumindpassingmethedictionary？(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.(賓語(yǔ)從句)5．賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(objectcomplement)有些及物動(dòng)詞帶了賓語(yǔ)后意義仍不夠完整，還需要加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的行為、狀態(tài)、身份或特征等。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常放在賓語(yǔ)之后，一般由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。Hehasprovedhimselfanexperiencedteacher.(名詞)Wehavedecidedtopainttheroompink.(形容詞)Mymotheralwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.(介詞短語(yǔ))Theteacheraskedusnottomakesomuchnoise.(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ))Iheardthetelephoneringing.(現(xiàn)在分詞)Hewasveryhappytoseethehomelesschildrentakengoodcareofattheorphanage.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ))6．定語(yǔ)(attributive)定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾、限制名詞或代詞的。一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句等充當(dāng)。Theseareappletrees.(名詞)Themenherearealwaysbusyworkingonthefarm.(副詞)Thereisnothingtodotoday.(不定式)Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.(現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ))7.狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)狀語(yǔ)用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。一般由副詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、獨(dú)立主格和從句等充當(dāng)。I’mverypleasedtoseeyou.(副詞)I’llbebackinawhile.(介詞短語(yǔ))Whenshewas12yearsold,shebegantoliveinDalian.(狀語(yǔ)從句)Havinghadaquarrelwithhiswife,helefthomeinabadtemper.(分詞)【經(jīng)典練】寫出下列句中加黑部分所作的句子成分①Themanagermadethemworkdayandnight.②Alotofgreenlandshavebeenopenedtothepublic.謂③Thebestmethodofkeepingslimistodoexerciseregularly.④Theylivedintheroomabove.⑤Hegavemeabasketfullofeggs.【答案】1.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)2.謂語(yǔ)3.表語(yǔ)4.定語(yǔ)5.定語(yǔ)二、八種基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)1.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)(S＋V)這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))，故其后不能直接接賓語(yǔ)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主謂結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常見的不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))有：rise,matter,begin,come,go,happen,last,appear,work,cometrue,takeplace等。說(shuō)明：主語(yǔ)“____”；謂語(yǔ)“”；賓語(yǔ)“”；表語(yǔ)“”；賓補(bǔ)；狀語(yǔ)“[]”；定語(yǔ)“()”。Thesunisrising．太陽(yáng)正在升起。Thelittleboyiscrying．小男孩正在哭泣。2.主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)(S＋V＋O)(1)這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，一般有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。用作賓語(yǔ)的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等。HeiswatchingTV．他正在看電視。[Lastweekend]our__classheldaspeechcontest．上個(gè)周末，我們班舉行了演講比賽。(2)在“動(dòng)詞＋介詞”的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，賓語(yǔ)只能接在介詞之后；在“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，作賓語(yǔ)的名詞放于副詞前后皆可；作賓語(yǔ)的代詞只能放在副詞之前。PleasewakeLiLingup(＝wakeupLiLing)at6：30inthemorning.(√)Pleasewakeherupat6：30inthemorning.(√)Pleasewakeupherat6：30inthemorning.(×)請(qǐng)?jiān)谠绯?∶30叫醒她。3.主語(yǔ)＋(系動(dòng)詞＋)表語(yǔ)(S＋P)這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為系動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常見的系動(dòng)詞有be動(dòng)詞，還有感官系動(dòng)詞(sound,look,smell,taste,feel)；變化系動(dòng)詞(become,get,grow,turn,go,fall,run)；持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞(remain,keep,hold,stay)；表象系動(dòng)詞(seem,appear,look)等。表語(yǔ)由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞、不定式或從句