福建省中考英語題型專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解真題剖析

...wd......wd...完美整理...wd...福建真題剖析類型一選擇型閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確答案。AMyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.Shedidn'treallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook,Ididn'tlikeherfood.OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食譜)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑戰(zhàn)).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.Later,mymomandIsetupadinnerclubthatorganizedmonthlyeventsinsidemyhome.Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.46．Thewriterisnow．A．a(chǎn)TVstarB．a(chǎn)newsreporterC．a(chǎn)well-knownbooksellerD．a(chǎn)goodchef47．Whatmadethewriterbegintocook?A．Hisparents'wish.B．Thecustomers'advice.C．Hismother'sdeliciousfood.D．TheinformationaboutcookingonTV.48．Afterproducingmostoftherecipesinthecookbook,thewriterwantedto．A．takecookinglessonsB．writehiscookbookC．makenewdishesofhisownD．openarestaurant49．Theunderlinedword“it〞inParagraph2refersto(指代)“〞．A．thebookstoreB．a(chǎn)testkitchenC．a(chǎn)dinnerclubD．thecountry50．Whatisimportantforthewriter?A．Findingagoodjob.B．Makinglotsofmoney.C．Doingwhatheloves.D．Becomingfamous.【答案及解析】46．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.〞可知，現(xiàn)在作為一名青少年廚師，作者也在全國(guó)頂級(jí)餐館里做過飯，但是作者不是為了人民幣而做，而是因?yàn)橄矚g烹飪。因此作者現(xiàn)在應(yīng)是一名好廚師，應(yīng)選D。47．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.〞可知，有一次，作者正在看電視上的烹飪，作者認(rèn)為他也能做到這一點(diǎn)，所以他去書店尋找他能找到的最大的烹飪書。因此作者應(yīng)是通過看電視才開場(chǎng)烹飪的，應(yīng)選D。48．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食譜)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑戰(zhàn)).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.〞可知，在一年的時(shí)間里，作者制作了大局部的食譜，并準(zhǔn)備迎接更大的挑戰(zhàn)，他想自己做菜，也開場(chǎng)為更多的人做飯，而不僅僅是他的家人。因此作者在試過烹飪書中大局部的食譜之后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。應(yīng)選C。49．B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前一句“Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.〞可知，令作者快樂的是，他的父母允許他建造一個(gè)測(cè)試廚房，他做了很多菜來測(cè)試，因此他的技能很快就提高了。由此可推測(cè)，it指的是一個(gè)試驗(yàn)廚房，應(yīng)選B。50．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主廚),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.〞可知，現(xiàn)在作為一名青少年廚師，作者也在全國(guó)頂級(jí)餐館里做過飯，但是作者不是為了人民幣而做，而是因?yàn)橄矚g烹飪。再根據(jù)最后一段中的“NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.〞可知，現(xiàn)在作者知道當(dāng)他不再關(guān)心他是否會(huì)知名或做得好時(shí)，他的夢(mèng)想就會(huì)降臨到他身上。因此，做他喜歡做的事情很重要。應(yīng)選C。

BJackieiswritingasummary(總結(jié))andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.51．Thetextiswrittento．A．giveareportB．haveSchoolDayC．collectopinionsfromvisitorsD．holdameetingwithteachers52．WhatweresoldinTina'sgroup?A．Schoolpostcards.B．Chinesepaintings.C．Recyclingbags.D．Homemadesnacks.53．Howdidthevisitorsfeelabouttheactivities?A．Disappointed.B．Satisfied.C．Worried.D．Surprised.54．Howmanystudentsliketherecyclingbagsaccordingtothefeedback?A．50.B．25.C．15.D．10.55．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheactivities?A．NickwastheleaderofGroup1.B．Twenty-fourstudentsofferedtheirfeedback.C．Thepostcardswerecheap.D．Studenthelperswhodidwellcangetprizes.

【答案及解析】51．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Jackieiswritingasummary(總結(jié))andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.〞可知，Jackie正在寫關(guān)于學(xué)校生活的總結(jié)和反響。因此本文章是一篇報(bào)告，應(yīng)選A。52．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二組里的“Chinesepaintings(Leader:Tina)〞可知Tina小組賣中國(guó)畫，應(yīng)選B。53．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.Moststudentsthoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,somestudentsthoughtthepricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletoohigh.〞可知，已經(jīng)收集了100名學(xué)生的意見，而大多數(shù)學(xué)生認(rèn)為這些活動(dòng)很好，因此他們是滿意的，應(yīng)選B。54．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.〞可知收集了100名學(xué)生的意見，再結(jié)合柱狀圖可看出recyclingbags占50%，所以50名學(xué)生喜歡收集袋子，應(yīng)選A。55．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizesforexcellentstudenthelpers.〞可知與校長(zhǎng)就優(yōu)秀學(xué)生助手的獎(jiǎng)金問題舉行會(huì)議，因此做得好的學(xué)生助手可以得到獎(jiǎng)品，應(yīng)選D。

CBirthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine?Astudyfoundthatfirst-bornshaveanaverage(平均的)IQthatisthreepointshigherthanpeoplewhofallintoadifferentplaceinthebirthorder,perhapsbecausefirst-bornsoftenhelpyoungerbrothersandsisters,whichimprovestheirownskills.In2007,aninternationalorganizationofCEOsfoundthat43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns,33%aremiddlechildren,and23%arelast-borns.First-bornsaremorelikely(可能的)tobedoctorsandastronautsandgethigherpay.Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.Accordingtoa2007Timemagazinearticle,“ThePowerofBirthOrder，〞last-bornsaremorelikelytobeartistsandsuccessfulbusinessmen.Thentherearethemiddlechildren;wehavenotignored(無視)them!Manymiddlechildrenareshortofone-on-onetimewiththeirparents.Theyoftenfeelshort-changed:theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis“spoiled(寵壞)．〞Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.Manyfactors(因素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.56．WhoismostlikelytobeaCEO?A．Afirst-born.B．Asecond-born.C．Athird-born.D．Alast-born.57．WhatcanwelearnaboutJimCarrey?A．Hewaslikelytobegivenlowpay.B．Hewaslikelytobeagreeable.C．Hewasafirst-born.D．Hewasamiddlechild.58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“short-changed〞inParagraph4probablymeaninChinese?A．受虧待的B．受控制的C．受寵愛的D．受歡迎的59．Wecanlearnfromtheresearchthatbirthorder．A．hasnoinfluenceonIQB．mattersalotatthedinnertableC．maydecidewhoweareD．isafactorinmakinguspowerful60．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhereIsYourPlaceintheFamily?B．WhoImprovesYourSocialSkills?C．WhatMakesYouSuccessfulinLife?D．HowCanYouGrowintoaBigMan?

【答案及解析】56．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns可知43%的CEO是家庭當(dāng)中第一個(gè)出生的孩子，故答案選A。57．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.〞可知，如果第一批出生的人更成功，那么最后的孩子通常更容易相處，他們也更可能滑稽，可能會(huì)引起餐桌上所有年長(zhǎng)的人的注意。MarkTwain和StephenColbert都是大家庭中最年輕的，而JimCarrey也是四個(gè)當(dāng)中最小的，因此JimCarrey可能是最容易相處的，故答案選B。58．A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后面的“theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestisspoiled(寵壞的).Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.〞可知，最大的人得到更多的權(quán)利，最年輕的人被寵壞了，雖然他們可能被無視，但中間的孩子更容易成長(zhǎng)為隨和的成年人。因此short-changed應(yīng)該是被無視，即被虧待的，故答案選A。59．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Manyfactors(因素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.“可知，許多因素決定我們成為什么樣的人，但如果研究正確，出生順序可能是最重要的因素之一。因此出生順序可能決定我們將成為什么樣的人，故答案選C。60．A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文中的第一段“Birthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine〞可知，出生順序有關(guān)系嗎你是不是因?yàn)槟闶羌依锏牡谝粋€(gè)、第二個(gè)或第三個(gè)孩子而不同呢或者還是九個(gè)孩子中的最后一個(gè)再根據(jù)后面文章描述，可知本文主要講述在家庭中的位置，故答案選A。

D(2018·福建中考A卷)ManyChinesepeoplewillwonderwhatpresentstogetfortheirmomsonMother'sDay,butnotmanyknowMother'sDayisactuallyafestivalfromoverseas.Mother'sDayoriginated(起源)inAmericaduringtheearly20thcentury.ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact,Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(孝順的)devotiontoparents.TherearemanystorieswhichshowfilialrespectinancientChina.Forexample,thestoryof“TasteLiquid(液體的)MedicineforMother〞tellsusthefilialvirtue(美德)ofEmperorWenoftheWesternHandynasty.Hismotherhadbeensickforthreeyears.Heoftenstayedupbyherbedsideandcaredforherdayandnight.Hetastedtheliquidmedicinefirstbeforeshedrankit.Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems,like“SongofthePartingSon〞byMengJiao,apoetoftheTangdynasty.Nowthispoemisstillamustintheschooltextbooks.ChildreninChinaarebroughtupwiththeeducationoffilialdevotion.Onspecialdays,peopleoftenuserosesorforget-me-notstoexpresslove.Carnationsareconsideredastheperfectflowersformothersaroundtheworld,butfewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.Loveformotherscanhavedifferentwaysofexpression.Whatmattersmostislove,notthefestivalitself.Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.61．WhendidMother'sDayspreadtoChina?A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1980s.C．IntheWesternHandynasty.D．IntheTangdynasty.62．Whatisthepoemof“SongofthePartingSon〞mainlyabout?A．ThefilialvirtueofEmperorWen.B．Caringfortheold.C．TraditionalChinesemedicine.D．Amother'sloveforherson.63．Mother'sDayispopularinChinamainlybecauseof．A．itswidespreadinmanycountriesB．ourancientstoriesofrespectingparentsC．ourtraditionalculturalvaluesD．itssimplewayofexpressinglove64．WhatisregardedastheChineseownflowerforamother?65．WhatamothertrulywantsonMother'sDaymaybe．A．a(chǎn)bigdinnerB．a(chǎn)celebrationpartyC．greetingsofthefestivalD．expensivepresents【答案及解析】61．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.〞可知被傳到中國(guó)并廣泛被人們所承受大約在20世紀(jì)80年代，故答案為B。62．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems，likeSongofthePartingSon'byMengJiao，apoetoftheTangDynasty〞可知，《游子吟》講的是母親對(duì)兒子的愛，故答案為D。63．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact，Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(子女的)devotiontoparents〞可推斷，母親節(jié)在中國(guó)受歡迎是因?yàn)樗煤臀覀儌鹘y(tǒng)文化中的孝道一致，故答案為C。64．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...fewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.〞可知答案為D。65．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.〞可知答案為C。

(2018·福建中考B卷)Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(呈現(xiàn))itsbeautyintheirpoems.Forexample,poetsmaydescribenaturalscenessuchasaspringdayorasnowyday.Besides,poetsoftenexpresstheirfeelingsaboutnaturebycreatinglivelyimages(形象)inpoems.Withimages,poetscandescribethedetails(細(xì)節(jié))ofsomethingcolorfullyandclearly.Readers,ontheotherhand,canconnecttheirownexperienceswiththeimagesinthepoemssothattheycansharethepoets'ideas.Nowlet'sreadthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind〞Whenwereadthelines“Whentheleaveshangtrembling〞and“Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，〞theyremindusofawindyday.Thepoetsuccessfullycreatesanimageofthewindbydescribingdetailsofthescene.Thesehelpreadersthinkofthemomentwhenthewindpassesby.Wemightevenbowourownheads,imaginingthatwearethetrees.Inthepoem“Night，〞Blakedescribesmanydetailsofanightscene.Peopleknowverywellwhattheycanseeatnight,likestarsorthemoon.However,Blakeseesmorethanjustthemoonitself;heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky.Sothemoonisreallycomparedtoaflowerandpersonified(擬人化)asasmilingperson.61．What'sthepurposeofwritingParagraph1?A．Tohaveanargument.B．Tohaveadiscussion.C．Togiveanintroduction.D．Togiveasuggestion.62．Whichpicturebestdescribestheunderlinedpartinthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind〞63．sitsandsmilesonthenightinthepoem“Night〞．A．ThesunB．ThestarC．ThebirdD．Themoon64．Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?①Seeingnaturalscenesashumans.②Usingimagination.③Praisingthesamenaturalscene.④Describingdetailsofthescenes.⑤Creatingimagesbyhearingandtouching.A．①③⑤B．②③④C．①②④D．①②⑤65．Howdoesthewriterpresentthetexttous?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byusingpersonifications.D．Byaskingquestions.

【答案及解析】61．C寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(呈現(xiàn))itsbeautyintheirpoems.〞可知，自然景物往往成為詩歌的主題，詩人密切注視自然，在詩歌中呈現(xiàn)它的美。因此第一段主要是做一個(gè)介紹，應(yīng)選C。62．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling’and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，’theyremindusofawindyday〞可知，當(dāng)我們閱讀詩句“當(dāng)樹葉飄動(dòng)〞和“當(dāng)樹垂下它們的頭〞時(shí)，它們提醒我們是刮風(fēng)的一天，應(yīng)選B。63．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky〞可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，從天上向我們微笑，因此在詩“夜〞中月亮在晚上坐著微笑。選D。64．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling'and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，'theyremindusofawindyday〞可知，當(dāng)我們閱讀詩句“當(dāng)樹葉飄動(dòng)〞和“當(dāng)樹垂下它們的頭〞時(shí)，它們提醒我們刮風(fēng)的一天；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky〞可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，從天上向我們微笑。①以人的身份看到自然風(fēng)光；②使用了想象；③稱贊同一自然場(chǎng)景；④描述風(fēng)光的細(xì)節(jié)；⑤通過聽覺和觸覺創(chuàng)造想象。③⑤不是兩首詩的共同點(diǎn)，因此①②④正確，選C。65．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項(xiàng)為舉例說明；B項(xiàng)通過比照；C項(xiàng)通過使用擬人D項(xiàng)通過提問。作者列舉了“WhoHasSeentheWind〞(《誰曾見過風(fēng)》)和“Night〞(《夜》)兩首詩分享自然美景和作者的思想，應(yīng)該是通過舉例說明，選A。類型二復(fù)原型閱讀理解第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，使短文通順、連貫，意思完整。E(2018·福建中考A卷)Weshouldnotusemorewaterthanweactuallyneed.Ifwedo,wewillnothaveenoughwaterinthefuture.66Itisnotadifficultquestiontoanswer.Ifweremovemorefreshwaterthannaturereplaces,wehavetakentoomuch.Manycitiesruncampaigns(運(yùn)動(dòng))togetpeopletostopwastingwater.Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.67What'smore,theycarryoutprogramsthatoffermoneytoreducewateruse.Forexample,theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater.68Anotherthreat(威脅)toourwatersupplyispollution.Whenoursourcesoffreshwatergetpolluted,wecannolongerusethiswater.Thisalsoendangers(危及)theanimalsthatdependonthewater.69Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps(水龍頭)runwhilewebrushourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.70Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A．However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B．Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C．Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D．Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E．Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.【答案及解析】66．A推理判斷題。聯(lián)系上下文可知，此處應(yīng)是談?wù)撍Y源的多少，因此A項(xiàng)符合題意。67．E推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句“Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.〞可知，此處談?wù)摰膽?yīng)是防止浪費(fèi)水的方法，因此E項(xiàng)符合題意。68．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句中的“theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater〞可知，此處談?wù)摰氖枪?jié)約水的具體方法，且根據(jù)上文中的“What'smore〞可知，空處位于本段的末尾，因此C項(xiàng)符合題意。69．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段的表達(dá)可知，本段主要講節(jié)約用水的另外一些方法，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。70．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)上一句“Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.〞可知，在洗熱水澡的時(shí)候收集冷水也可以節(jié)約用水，空處承接上一句，應(yīng)是不要讓冷水一直流，直到水變暖，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。

(2018·福建中考B卷)GreenHomecampaigners(發(fā)起者)reallylovethenaturalworld.Infact,weloveitsomuchthatwe'redetermined(決心)todoourbesttoprotectit.66Forthat,weneedmoneytoo.GreenHomecanbestrongonlywiththesu