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Copyright?2020McGraw-HillEducation.Allrightsreserved.
NoreproductionordistributionwithoutthepriorwrittenonsentofMcGraw-HillEducation.
InternationalMarketing,18e(Cateora)
Chapter4CulturalDynamicsinAssessingGlobalMarkets
1)Mostmarketsarestaticandtypicallydon'tchange.
2)Themannerinandamountwhichpeopleconsume,thepriorityofneedsandwantstheyattempttosatisfy,andthemannerinwhichtheysatisfythemarefunctionsoftheirculture.
3)Cultureencompassesthesumtotalofknowledge,beliefs,art,morals,laws,andcustomsacquiredbymembersofasociety.
4)Ascountriesmovefromagriculturaltoindustrialtoserviceseconomies,birthratesincrease.
5)Accordingtotraditionaldefinitions,cultureistransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration.
6)AccordingtoJamesDayHodgson,formerU.S.ambassadortoJapan,cultureislikea"glassceiling"thatcanbeseenthroughandeasilyunderstoodandacquired.
7)DutchmanagementprofessorGeertHofstedearguesthatcultureprovidesaguideforhumansonhowtothinkandbehave.
8)Acculturationreferstotheprocessofbecominganagentofchangethroughinnovation.
9)AccordingtoJaredDiamondinnovationsspreadfasternorthtosouththaneasttowest.
10)AccordingtoPhilipParker,amarketingprofessor,therearestrongcorrelationsbetweentheclimateofaregionandthepercapitaGDPofcountriesinthatregion.
11)MuchofAmericantradepolicyisbasedoncotton,whichwastheoriginalsourceoftheVirginiacolony'seconomicsurvivalinthe1600s.
12)Ofthefourapproachestogovernancefoundinthe20thcentury,colonialismwastheonlyapproachthatsurvivedWorldWarII.
13)Thefamilyisanexampleofasocialinstitution.
14)Marketerswithlittleornounderstandingofareligionmayreadilyoffenddeeplybecausetheinfluenceofreligionisoftenquitestrong.
15)Formostpeople,thefirstsocialinstitutionoutsideofthehometheyareexposedtoisagovernmentsource.
16)Religionhasasignificantimpactonthevaluesystemsofasocietyandtheeffectofvaluesystemsonmarketing.
17)AccordingtotheWorldBank,nocountrywithlessthan50percentliteracyhassucceededeconomically.
18)Thefoursocialinstitutionsthatmoststronglyinfluencevaluesandcultureareschools,churches,families,andthemedia.
19)TheUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex(UAI),oneofthefourdimensionsofcultureidentifiedbyGeertHofstede,focusesonassertivenessandachievement.
20)ThePowerDistancedimensionofculture,identifiedbyGeertHofstede,referstothepreferenceforbehaviorthatpromotesone'sself-interest.
21)ThePowerDistanceIndex,identifiedbyGeertHofstede,measuresthetoleranceforsocialinequalityamongmembersofaculture.
22)AcountrythatdemonstrateslowUncertaintyAvoidanceIndexscorestendstobedistrustfulofnewideasorbehaviors.
23)WhenaculturescoreshighinIndividualism/CollectivismIndex,individualsfailtoidentifywithgroups.
24)PeoplefromcultureswithhighPowerDistanceIndexscoresaremorelikelytohaveageneraldistrustofothers.
25)CultureswithhighUncertaintyAvoidanceIndexscorestendtohavealowlevelofanxietyandstress.
26)AhighPowerDistanceIndexscoreimpliesthatthepeoplewhoholdpowerinacountryareentitledtoprivileges.
27)Whendiscussingtheelementsofculture,marriageceremoniesandfuneralsaregoodexamplesofrituals.
28)Thelanguageweuseisanexampleofaculturalsymbol.
29)Linguisticdifferencereferstothegeographicaldifferencesamongtradingnations.
30)Acompanythatdecidestodeliberatelytryandchangetheaspectsofaculturethatareinoppositiontoitsmarketinggoalsispracticingculturalcongruence.
31)Whatisacharacteristicofculture?
A)Itisradicalinnatureandreadilyacceptschange.
B)Itisthesameacrossallcountries.
C)Itisthehuman-madepartofhumanenvironment.
D)Itisstaticinnature.
E)Itisinsignificantinassessingnewmarkets.
32)Theadjectivethatbestdefinesthemarketbehaviorofanycountryis
A)evolving.
B)proactive.
C)static.
D)constant.
E)fixed.
33)Whenmarketersfirstintroducedthepersonaldigitalassistant(PDA)toAmericanconsumers,theyactedas________becausetheculturalimpactoftheproductbecamewidespread.
A)gatekeepers
B)conciliators
C)agentsofsocialization
D)agentsofchange
E)arbitrators
34)Howhaveculture-basedsuperstitionsaffectedthebirthrateinJapan?
A)TheJapanesearenotaffectedbyculturalbeliefssothereisnocorrelationwithbirthrates.
B)Superstitionshavecoincidedwithadeclineinthebirthrateincertainyears.
C)MostJapanesewomenfavortheideaof"onefamily/onechild."
D)WhileeconomicconditionsaffectbirthratesinJapan,culturalbeliefsdonot.
E)Japanismostlyanagriculturalsocietyandcultureimpliesthatmanychildrenarebeneficial.
35)Whatactionisimportantformarketerstotakeinordertobeeffectiveinaforeignmarket?
A)learningtoappreciatetheintricaciesofculturesdifferentfromtheirown
B)ensuringthatthepromotionsfortheproductareindifferenttosocialbeliefs
C)adheringtotheprominentprejudicesinone'sownsociety
D)creatingproductdifferentiationbybeingindifferenttothecultureoftheforeignmarket
E)makingtheproductrelatetoone'sownreligion
36)AccordingtoDutchmanagementprofessorGeertHofstede,culturecanbereferredtoasthe
A)"softwareofthemind."
B)"definingfactoroflife."
C)"conflictofcivilizationversusthemasses."
D)"tooloftheelite."
E)"art'striumphoverbanality."
37)Inorderforculturetoexistitmustbe
A)agreeduponbyanentirenation.
B)transmittedfromonegenerationtothenext.
C)individualizedanddifferentforeveryone.
D)seenastheanswertoallissues.
E)usedtocreatenewritualsandnorms.
38)JamesDayHodgson,formerU.S.ambassadortoJapan,describescultureasa(n)________,whichaccordingtohimistoughtogetthrough,buteffortandpatiencecouldoftenleadtosuccess.
A)glassceiling
B)maze
C)intelligencetest
D)thicket
E)perseverancetest
39)AccordingtoEdwardHall'scommentsonculture,whichactioncouldhurtcompaniesandcareersinforeignmarkets?
A)adherencetothesocialnormsoftheforeignmarket
B)beingagentsofchangeinthenewmarket
C)ignoranceofculturaldifferencesintheforeignmarket
D)strictfollowingofthepoliticalrulesoftheforeignsociety
E)considerationoftheeconomicsystemofthenewmarket
40)Theprocessofadjustingtoanewcultureisknownas
A)diffusion.
B)culturetransfer.
C)acculturation.
D)assimilation.
E)transference.
41)Youngchildrenlearnaboutsocialinstitutionsfromtheirfamiliesandwhentheygotoschool.Thisprocessoflearningiscalled
A)anarchy.
B)socialization.
C)culturalapathy.
D)cognitivedissonance.
E)socialrebellion.
42)Mosttraditionaldefinitionsof________centeraroundthenotionthatitisthesumofthevalues,rituals,symbols,beliefs,andthoughtprocessesthatarelearned,sharedbyagroupofpeople,andtransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration.
A)economy
B)sensitivity
C)population
D)demography
E)culture
43)Juanitagrewuplearningagreatdealaboutculturefromherschool,thechurch,themedia,andherfamily.Thisisanexampleof
A)acculturation.
B)socialization.
C)naturalization.
D)emancipation.
E)classification.
44)LisetteisexcitedabouthernewhomeinRome.Shehasbeengiventheopportunitytolearnaboutanewculture,formnewfriendships,andcapitalizeonopportunitiesthatwerenotavailableinherpreviousworkplacebasedinAtlanta.Inthisscenario,Lisetteisgoingthrough________assheadjuststolivinginRome.
A)acculturation
B)classification
C)naturalization
D)emancipation
E)standardization
45)Adesertnationwouldnotrelyonagriculturalcropstoboostitseconomy.Thisshowshow________canaffectsocialculture.
A)geography
B)religion
C)history
D)politics
E)technology
46)WhatistrueaboutProfessorJaredDiamond'sideasregardingtheinfluenceofgeographyonhistoryandculturalvalues?
A)Peopleintheplainsaremorelikelytoinvadethanthosesettledinhigheraltitudes.
B)Historically,societiesinthenorthhavebeenmoredevelopedthanthoseinthesouth.
C)Civilizationsnearmajorriversaremoredevelopedthanthosesettlednearmajoroceans.
D)Historically,innovationsspreadfastereasttowestthannorthtosouth.
E)Historically,invasionsbywarriortribeshavealwayshappenedfromwesttoeast.
47)Thebabyboomgenerationhasaffectedconsumptionpatternsaroundtheworldsinceitstartedandcontinuestodosotoday.Thisisoneexampleofhow________canbereflectedinsocialinstitutions.
A)thepoliticaleconomy
B)history
C)technology
D)socialinstitutions
E)geography
48)Newcolaalternatives(MeccaCola,MuslimUp,ArabCola,andColaTurka)sprangupafterthemilitaryconflictsintheMiddleEastin2003.Thisisanexamplethatshowshow
A)Coca-Colaplayedanimportantroleineasingtheculturaldivideamongthewarringnations.
B)Coca-Colacateredtonewmarketsthroughstandardization.
C)specificeventsinhistorycaninfluenceconsumerbehavior.
D)businessesexploitcheaphumanlaborduringwartimes.
E)technologyinfluencesmarketingpractices.
49)Whichtechnologicalinnovationhashadagreatimpactonthegender-baseddeterminationofresponsibilitiesandroles?
A)mobilephones
B)computers
C)aircrafts
D)optogenetics
E)birthcontroltechniques
50)Howhastheuseofbirthcontrolpillsaffectedsocialinstitutions?
A)Educationalinstitutionsarefindingittoughertofillinseats.
B)Midwifery,asaprofession,isbecomingextinct.
C)Moremenandwomenareopposingtheideaof"one-childfamily."
D)Womenandmenareincreasinglyadheringtotraditionalgenderroles.
E)Schoolsareforcedtoaddressissueslikeabstinenceandcondomdistribution.
51)________inIndiaisasocialinstitutionthatinfluencestherolesandstatuspositionsfoundwithinIndiansociety.
A)Acountryclub
B)TheKuKluxKlan
C)TheTajMahal
D)Asingle-personhousehold
E)Thecastesystem
52)Oneindicatorofthenarrowing________gapbetweenthesexesisthefactthatthemajorityofuniversitystudentsintheUnitedStatesarewomen.
A)emotional
B)biological
C)identity
D)education
E)language
53)Inmostcultures,thefirstsocialinstitutioninfantsareexposedtooutsidethehomeisintheformofa
A)day-carecenter.
B)school.
C)religiousinstitution.
D)shoppingmall.
E)governmentagency.
54)Whatistrueofeducationandtheliteracyrateofacountry?
A)AccordingtotheWorldBank,evencountrieswithlessthan50percentliteracyhavebeeneconomicallysuccessful.
B)Numerousstudiesindicateadirectlinkbetweentheliteracyrateofacountryanditscapabilityforrapideconomicgrowth.
C)Communicatinginaliteratemarketismuchmoredifficultthancommunicatingwithoneinwhichamarketermustdependonpicturesandsymbols.
D)Increasingly,schoolsareseenasleadingtonegativeculturalchanges.
E)Comparedtogovernments,educationhasrelativelylittleinfluenceonculture.
55)Howhastheadventofwomenjoiningtheworkforceingrowingnumbersforthepast30yearsaffectedAmericanculture?
A)anincreaseinthedesireforlargefamiliesamongtheAmericanpopulation
B)anincreaseintheunderestimationofwomenintheAmericanculture
C)adecreaseineconomicdevelopment
D)adecreaseintheinfluenceoffamilyonAmericanculture
E)adecreaseinthenumberofsingle-personhouseholdsinthecountry
56)Whichsocialinstitutionthathasreplacedfamilytime,domanypeoplepointtoashavingdetrimentaleffectsonsociety?
A)school
B)literacy
C)religion
D)family
E)media
57)Ofthefollowingcountries,whichrequirestheleastnumberofschooldaysinayearforelementaryagestudents?
A)China
B)India
C)UnitedStates
D)Japan
E)Germany
58)Comparedwithothersocietalforces,howdoestheroleofgovernmentinfluencesocialculture?
A)Governmentsinfluencethinkingandbehaviorthroughtheenforcementofavarietyoflawsaffectingconsumptionandmarketingbehaviors.
B)Comparedwiththeearlyanddirectinfluencesoffamily,religion,school,andthemedia,governmentsholdrelativelymoresway.
C)AmericansincreasinglycomplainaboutthedetrimentaleffectsofthegovernmentonAmericanculture.
D)Governmentsinfluenceallaspectsofthecultureexceptforconsumerbehavior.
E)Governmentsarethefirstsocialinstitutionapersonisexposedtooutsidehisorherhomeinallcultures.
59)Whichsocialinstitutionintroducesmostinnovationstosociety?
A)corporations
B)schools
C)government
D)family
E)religion
60)Whatarethefiveelementsofculture?
A)systems,history,government,religion,awareness
B)values,rituals,symbols,beliefs,thoughtprocesses
C)institutions,associations,entities,groups,teams
D)facts,opinions,beliefs,values,norms
E)corporations,individuals,government,processes,outcomes
61)AdditionalstudiesbasedonGeertHofstede'soriginalstudyofhowculturesdifferidentifiedthefifthdimensionknownas
A)PowerDistanceIndex.
B)UncertaintyAvoidanceorientation.
C)Long-termOrientation.
D)Masculinity/FemininityIndex.
E)Individualism/Collectivismorientation.
62)WhichofthedimensionsidentifiedbyHofstedeinhisstudyofhowculturesdifferreferstotheextenttowhichpeopletrytocontroltheirdesiresandimpulses?
A)Long-termOrientation
B)UncertaintyAvoidanceIndex
C)Accommodation
D)Self-actualization
E)Indulgence
63)Inthecontextofculturalvalues,the________Indexreferstothepreferenceforbehaviorthatpromotesone'sself-interest.
A)Individualism/Collectivism
B)PowerDistance
C)UncertaintyAvoidance
D)Masculinity/Femininity
E)Linguistic
64)TheUncertaintyAvoidanceIndexmeasuresthetoleranceofuncertaintyand________amongmembersofasociety.
A)inequality
B)subjugation
C)ambiguity
D)oppression
E)hierarchy
65)OnthebasisofHofstede'sfourdimensions,cultureswithhighPowerDistanceIndex(PDI)scorestendto
A)besecular.
B)behierarchical.
C)beflatinorganization.
D)valueequality.
E)citeknowledgeasasourceofpower.
66)Mae-Junworksatanoverseasbranchofherorganization.Sheneedsclarificationaboutaprojectandapproachesaseniormanagerhopingtogetagoodexplanation.However,sheistoldthatonlytheteamleadsareallowedtoapproachtheseniormanagersandsentaway.Inthisscenario,theorganizationismostlikelytohavea________score.
A)highIndividualism/CollectiveIndex
B)highPowerDistanceIndex
C)lowIndividualism/CollectiveIndex
D)lowPowerDistanceIndex
E)highUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex
67)Peoplefromwhichculturesaremorelikelytohaveageneraldistrustofothers(notthoseintheirgroups)becausepowerisseentorestwithindividualsandiscoerciveratherthanlegitimate?
A)cultureswithahighIndividualism/CollectiveIndexscore
B)cultureswithahighPowerDistanceIndexscore
C)cultureswithalowIndividualism/CollectiveIndexscore
D)cultureswithalowPowerDistanceIndexscore
E)cultureswithahighUncertaintyAvoidanceIndexscore
68)KendallworksatarefugeecampinHaiti.Shewitnesseshighlevelsofanxietyandstressandknowsthateveryoneisconcernedwithsecurityandrulefollowing.WhichaspectofHofstede'sdimensionsdoesthisreflect?
A)PowerDistanceIndex
B)Individualism/CollectivismIndex
C)DistancefromEnglishIndex
D)UncertaintyAvoidanceIndex
E)Masculinity/FemininityIndex
69)CultureswhicharelowinUncertaintyAvoidanceIndexaremorelikelyto
A)seekabsolutetruth.
B)accordahighlevelofimportancetorulesasameansofavoidingrisk.
C)bedistrustfulofnewideasorbehaviors.
D)dogmaticallysticktohistoricallytestedpatternsofbehavior.
E)takeamoreempiricalapproachtounderstandingandknowledge.
70)Aculturewithalow________scoreislikelytohavegreaterrespectforequality.
A)PowerDistanceIndex
B)Individualism/CollectivismIndex
C)DistancefromEnglishIndex
D)UncertaintyAvoidanceIndex
E)Masculinity/FemininityIndex
71)________pertainstosocietiesinwhichpeoplefrombirthonwardareintegratedintostrong,cohesivegroups.
A)Powerdistance
B)Individualism
C)Uncertainty
D)Collectivism
E)Masculinity
72)InaculturewithahighUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex(UAI),youaremorelikelytofindthatmembers
A)arehighlytolerantofambiguity.
B)tendtohavealowlevelofanxiety.
C)havealowlevelofconcernwithsecurityandrulefollowing.
D)takeamoreempiricalapproachtounderstandingandknowledge.
E)seekabsolutetruth.
73)UnlikeinvestorsinJapan,manyinvestorsintheUnitedStatesarewillingtotaketheriskofastockmarketinvestment.Whichculturaldimensiondoesthisreflect?
A)UncertaintyAvoidanceIndex
B)Masculinity/FemininityIndex
C)PowerDistanceIndex
D)Individualism/CollectivismIndex
E)IndulgenceIndex
74)Inthecontextofculturalvalues,whichstatementsistrue?
A)Countriesthatarehighinindividualismandlowinuncertaintyavoidancetendtobemoreinnovative.
B)Diffusionofinnovationswillbefastincountriesthatarelowonindividualismandhighonuncertaintyavoidance.
C)BasedontheexperimentsdonewithAmericanandChinesestudents,individualisticculturestendtorespondmorefavorablytoself-focusedappeals.
D)BasedontheexperimentsdonewithAmericanandChinesestudents,emotionalappealstendtoattractpeoplefromcollectivisticcultures.
E)BasedontheexperimentsdonewithAmericanandChinesestudents,individualsdislikethenoveltyinrelationtotheirowncultures.
75)Ritualsarepatternsofbehaviorandinteractionthatare
A)learnedandrepeated.
B)scientificallyproven.
C)enforcedbygovernments.
D)thesameacrossallcultures.
E)universallyacceptedasproperbehavior.
76)AccordingtoanthropologistEdwardT.Hall,cultureis
A)all-encompassing.
B)relativelyminorintheschemeoflife.
C)communication.
D)stronglylinkedtophysiology.
E)standardthroughouttheworld.
77)Insomepartsoftheworld,languageisitselfthoughtofasasocialinstitution,oftenwithpoliticalimportance.Whichcountrybestexemplifiesthisstatement?
A)Australia
B)UnitedStates
C)France
D)Mexico
E)Switzerland
78)Themeasureofthedifferencesbetweenlanguageisknownaslinguistic
A)origin.
B)distance.
C)recency.
D)lining.
E)rule.
79)SelenaworksforaU.S.-basedmanufacturingcompanythatwantstobuildaplantinIndonesia.Selenaisconcernedaboutthelanguagebarriersbecausesheknowsmorethan300languagesarespokenthroughoutIndonesia.WhatisSelena'smainconcern?
A)ethnocentrism
B)linguisticdistance
C)powerdistance.
D)aesthetics
E)individualism
80)Theaestheticsofaculturearefoundin
A)thearts,music,dance,anddress.
B)theacceptanceofpowerbycertainindividuals.
C)thelevelofeducationinacountry.
D)theagreementbetweenthoseinpowerandthosewhoserve.
E)thelanguagespecifictothatculture.
81)FengshuiisaChinese________,consideredtobetheprocessthatlinkshumansandtheuniversetoch'i,theenergythatsustainslifeandflowsthroughourbodiesandsurroundings,inandaroundourhomesandworkplaces.
A)folklore
B)fairytale
C)belief
D)fable
E)myth
82)BasedonthemetaphorforRichardNisbett'sviewsinvolvingConfucius'sworthypicture,whatishisanalysisregardingthethoughtprocessorperceptualprocessofWesterners?
A)Westernerscanprovidegreatdetailsaboutcentralfiguresbutseerelativelylittleinthebackground.
B)Westernersobservethingssequentially,thusfailtocomprehendthelargerpicture.
C)Westernersaregoodatobservingdetailsbutfailtocomprehendthecentralmessage.
D)Westernerspreferlargerthanlifefigurestoconveymessages.
E)Westernerscanreportdetailsaboutthebackgroundandforeground.
83)________referstobeingattunedtothenuancesofculturesothatanewculturecanbeviewedobjectively,evaluated,andappreciated.
A)Culturalshock
B)Culturalapathy
C)Counterculture
D)Culturalsensitivity
E)Culturetransfer
84)________isbestdefinedasaresponsibleefforttolearnfromothers'culturalwaysinthequestforbettersolutionstoasociety'sparticularproblems.
A)Culturalapathy
B)Culturalborrowing
C)Culturalsensitivity
D)Culturalaestheticism
E)Culturalassimilation
85)Jasonisamarketingmanagerforalargebreakfastcerealcompany.HeknowsthatmostpeopleinChinaeatbreakfastlikeeveryoneelseintheworld,buthealsounderstandsthattheymaynotwantthesugar-ladencerealshiscompanyisknownforandheshouldconsiderpromotinghealthiercerealoptionsinstead.Jasonisrevealingcultural________ashemakeshisdecision.
A)insensitivity
B)ethnocentrism
C)apathy
D)empathy
E)indifference
86)Jessicaisnewtointernationalmarketingandassumesthatifacountryspeaksasimilarlanguageasanothercountrythenbothofthosecountrieswillalsobeinterestedinthesametypesofproductsandservices.Jessicaappearstobesufferingfrom
A)ethnocentrism.
B)cognitivedissonance.
C)anillusionofsimilarity.
D)culturalsensitivity.
E)culturalborrowing.
87)Innovationsthataremostreadilyacceptedarethosethat
A)catertothevaluesofthepredominantreligionofthesociety.
B)propagatefaithinasetofbeliefsdifferentfromtheexistingbeliefs.
C)areapathetictotheexistingculturalbeliefs.
D)holdthegreatestinterestwithinthesocietyandthosethatareleastdisruptive.
E)offersomeinsightintotheaestheticsoftheexistingculture.
88)ModernmedicinehasthrivedintheUnitedStatestogetherwiththeuseofherbalremediesfromSouthAmerica.Thisisanexampleof
A)culturalombudsmanship.
B)culturalshock.
C)culturalhegemony.
D)culturalsensitivity.
E)culturalborrowing.
89)________referstoastrategythatinvolvesmarketingproductssimilartoonesalreadyonthemarket,therebyminimizingresistance.
A)Plannedchange
B)Culturalcongruence
C)Guerillamarketing
D)Lateralmarketing
E)Cultureequalization
90)Thestrategyof________deliberatelysetsouttoalterthoseaspectsofthecultureofferingresistancetopredeterminedmarketinggoals.
A)plannedchange
B)top-downchange
C)guerillamarketing
D)differentiatedmarketing
E)culturalcongruence
91)Nathandecideditwouldbebestforhiscompanytointroducealow-caloriedrinkproductintotheSouthAmericanmarketthatissimilartootherproductsalreadyinplaceinthecountry.HefeltthiswouldleadtolessresistanceonthepartoftheSouthAmericanconsumerandtheproductswouldsellwell.WhattypeofstrategyisNathanusing?
A)linguisticdistance
B)culturalintolerance
C)plannedchange
D)unplannedobsolescence
E)culturalcongruence
92)Thefirststepinbringingaboutplannedchangeinasocietyisto
A)determinewhichculturalfactorsconflictwithaninnovation.
B)createaresistancetotheculturalfactorhinderingacceptance.
C)waitforeventualculturalchangesthatprovethevalueoftheinnovationtotheculture.
D)marketproductssimilartoonesalreadyonthemarket.
E)introduceaproductorserviceandsimplyhopeforthebest.
93)MorrisonFoodshasdecidedtointroduceanewlineofturkeyproductstotheAmericanconsumer.Turkeysteaksresemblebeefsteakintasteandareleanerandhealthierforavarietyofreasons.However,thecompanyisconcernedthattheproductwillnotbeacceptedinAmerica.IfMorrisonFoodsfollowsastrategyof________,theyaremorelikelytohaveasuccessfulintroductionofthenewproduct.
A)culturalshock
B)culturaladiaphora
C)culturalsyncopation
D)culturalcongruence
E)reversecultureshock
94)NextEnergyisadvocatingtheuseofsolarpowertoreplaceallpetroleum-basedenergysources.Thecompanyholdsdemonstrationstoshowhowsolarpowercouldbeusedinallmajorpetroleum-basedproducts—automobiles,powersources,andheatingandcooling.NextEnergyismostlikelyemployingastrategyof________change,adeliberateattempttochangethewaywedothingswithrespecttoenergysources.
A)unplanned
B)planned
C)parallel
D)syncopated
E)synergistic
95)TheintroductionofaWesternizeddiethascausedmanyJapanesetobecomeoverweight.Tocounterthistrend,theJapanesearebuyinglow-calorie,low-fatfoodstohelpshedexcessweightandareflockingtohealthclubs.Thisscenariobestexemplifies________change.
A)top-down
B)planned
C)central
D)unplanned
E)bottom-up
96)Describehowcultureaffectshowconsumersmakechoicesandspendmoney.Provideanexampleofaculture-basedpurchasingdecisioninonecountrythatmightnotbetypicalinanothercountry.
97)Describethevariouswaysindividualslearnaboutculture.
98)ListanddescribethefourdimensionsofculturalvaluesasidentifiedbyHofstede
99)ExplaintheconceptofPowerDistanceanddiscusshowitaffectsculture.
100)Explainhowlinguisticdistanceisanecessaryconsiderationforinternationalmarketers.
101)Illustratethedifferencesin"AsianandWestern"thoughtasdiscussedbyRichardNisbett.
102)Explainhowculturalsensitivitycanleadtosuccessfulforeignmarketing.
103)Describehowanawarenessofaestheticvaluesplaysaroleininternationalmarketing.
Inthecontextofplannedandunplannedculturalchange,discussthemethodsusedbymarketerstoovercomeresistancetochangeinaninternationalmarketingscenario.
InternationalMarketing,18e(Cateora)
Chapter4CulturalDynamicsinAssessingGlobalMarkets
1)Mostmarketsarestaticandtypicallydon'tchange.
Answer:FALSE
Explanation:Marketsconstantlychange;theyarenotstaticbutevolve,expand,andcontractinresponsetomarketingeffort,economicconditions,andotherculturalinfluences.
Difficulty:2Medium
Topic:ElementsofCulture
LearningObjective:04-01Theimportanceofculturetoaninternationalmarketer.
Bloom's:Understand
AACSB:AnalyticalThinking
Accessibility:KeyboardNavigation
2)Themannerinandamountwhichpeopleconsume,thepriorityofneedsandwantstheyattempttosatisfy,andthemannerinwhichtheysatisfythemarefunctionsoftheirculture.
Answer:TRUE
Explanation:Themannerinandamountwhichpeopleconsume,thepriorityofneedsandwantstheyattempttosatisfy,andthemannerinwhichtheysatisfythemarefunctionsoftheirculturethattemper,mold,anddictatetheirstyle
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