2023屆高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)試卷：動詞（4）（含解析）

2023屆高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)試卷：動詞（4）一、填空1.Theoldmanwasutterly________(吸引)inthebook..2.Mybrothertookthepillsforonlythreedaysbeforehefullyrecovered,sothemedicine_________(prove)effective.3.Anartist____________(inspire)bythescenepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.4.Shetreatedthe_________(adopt)sonasifhewereherown.5.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.SottFitzgerald'smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselves__________(glue)totheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby.6.Withhisattention________(focus)onhisbook,hedidn’tnoticemeenterhisstudy.7.________(tire)andhungry,thetouristswantedtofindarestauranttohavesomethingtoeat.8.Manystudentsbelievethattheywillchoosetheircoursesanduniversities__________(base)ontheirowninterests.9.Tosaveenergy,we’dbetterbuythegoodswhichcanber________.10.Goats'cheesemaybe________(加工)inmanyways.11.Athleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardcanbe_______(admit)ascompetitors.12.You’dbetternotget___________(annoy)athisignorance.13.Shefeltproudwithherliving______(earn)byherself.14.Theseflowerswilldieunless________(water)everyday.15.________(surround)byacrowdoffans,hecouldn’tmoveabit.二、語法填空16.

Smell,morethananyothersense,isdeeplyrootedinmemory.Itisbelievedbyscientists①_____smellscanrecallfeelingsofdistantmemories.Thescientistssay

②_____areaofthebrainassignsmemoriestosmellsandstores③_____(they)fordecades.Theareacaninstantlyrecallthememorieswithgreatclearnessyearslaterifapersonencountersthesmellagain.ChristinaStrauch,fromtheRuhrUniversit?tBochuminGermany,sayssmells④______(store)intheolfactorybrain.Theword"olfactory"meansanythingrelated

⑤_____thesenseofsmell.

Manysmellscantransportusbacktoourchildhood.Smellsfromcookiesbakinginthekitchenorthesmellofahome-madedishcanbringback⑥_____(amaze)memoriesofgrowingup.Somesmellscantakeyouawaytoanotherpointintime.Somesmellscanmakeyouwishyou⑦_(dá)____(be)backinthepast,ormakeyouwanttoescape,whichdependsonwhetherthesmellhasapositiveornegative⑧_____(associate).Somedoctorspartlydependonthisfortheirpatients.Smellscanevenencourageyou⑨_____(buy)thingsinstores.Manystoresintroducecertainsmellstoawakeparticularmemories,⑩_____canmakepeoplebuythingstheylovedyearsago.17.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PMstandsforparticulate(微粒的)matter:thetermforamixtureofsolidparticles(粒子)andliquiddropletsintheair.Someparticlesarelargeordarkenoughtobeseenbyoureyes.Othersaresosmallthattheycanonly①________(discover)withamicroscope.Theseparticlescomeinmanysizesand②________(shape)andcanbemadeupofmanydifferentchemicals.Somecomedirectlyfromasource,suchasfieldsorfires.Mostparticlesform

③________

theatmosphereasaresultofcomplexreactionsofchemicals,

④________

arepollutantsfrompowerplants,industriesandautomobiles.Particulatematter⑤________(contain)microscopicparticlesthataresosmallthattheycanbebreathedinandmakeone⑥________(serious)ill.Someparticleslessthan10micrometersindiametercangetdeepintoyourlungs

⑦_(dá)_______

somemayevengetintoyourbloodstream.Ofthese,particleslessthan2.5micrometersindiameter,alsoknownasPM2.5,createthe⑧________(great)risktohealth.Fortunately,everydaytheAirQualityIndex(AQI)tellsyouhowcleanor⑨________(pollute)youroutdoorairis,alongwithassociatedhealtheffectsthatmaybeofconcern.TheAQItranslatesairqualitydataintonumbersandcolorsthathelpyouunderstandwhen?⑩________(take)actiontoprotectyourhealth.

答案以及解析1.答案：absorbed解析：考查翻譯填空。句意：那位老人全神貫注于這本書.beabsorbedin是固定短語"全神貫注于"，所以填：absorbed.2.答案：proved解析：考查系動詞prove的用法。句意是"我哥哥只吃了三天的藥丸就康復(fù)了，所以這藥證明是非常起作用的。"句中prove是系動詞，后面接形容詞effective作表語，prove表示"證明是"，不用于被動語態(tài)。由took可知句子是一般過去時態(tài)，所以prove用過去式proved.故答案是proved.3.答案：inspired解析：句意：受現(xiàn)場啟發(fā)的藝術(shù)家繪了這幅美麗的圖畫。考查翻譯填空。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，要填入動詞，artist與inspire，之間是動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞作定語，故填inspired。4.答案：adopted解析：句意：她對這個兒子就像自己親生的一樣。考查單詞填空。根據(jù)后面的名詞可知需要用形容詞，adopted收養(yǎng)的，故填adopted。5.答案：glued解析：句意：也許，有一天，菲茨杰拉德最受贊賞的作品的讀者會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被《了不起的蓋茨比》的劇集完全吸引住了。分析句子可知，所給詞glue這里表示"完全吸引；使專注于"之意，動詞find后面接復(fù)合賓語，themselves與glue之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞glued作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示"發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被完全吸引"，故填glued.6.答案：focused解析：Withhisattention...hisbook,這句話是伴隨狀語,不構(gòu)成一個完整的句子,不缺少謂語,考慮非謂語動詞。又因?yàn)樗淖⒁饬κ潜凰劢?所以考慮被動。故正確答案為focused。7.答案：Tired解析：句意：又累又餓，游客們想找家飯店吃點(diǎn)兒東西。此處是形容詞作狀語，表示"疲憊的"，所以填Tired。8.答案：based解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為他們會根據(jù)自己的興趣來選擇課程和大學(xué)。在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，謂語是willchoose，賓語theircoursesanduniversities故base要用非謂語形式，base與名詞coursesanduniversities之間是被動關(guān)系，故填based。9.答案：recycled解析：考查語態(tài)。句意：為了節(jié)約能源，我們最好購買可回收的物品。結(jié)合句意，定語從句的謂語動詞是含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，故填recycled。10.答案：processed解析：process表示"加工"，cheese與process之間是動賓關(guān)系，要用情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。故填processed。11.答案：admitted解析：考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。句意：只有達(dá)到商定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)動員才能被接納為參賽者。分析句子可知主語athletes和admit之間是被動關(guān)系，句中給出了willbe，可知句子用一股將來時的被動語態(tài)，admit用過去分詞admitted。故填admitted。12.答案：annoyed解析：get是連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語；過去分詞作表語，多半用來表示人物所處的心理狀態(tài)或情感變化，其主語多半是人。故填：annoyed。13.答案：earned解析：考查”with+o+oc”結(jié)構(gòu),earn與邏輯主語herliving構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。14.答案：watered解析：本題考查unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略問題。當(dāng)條件狀語從句的主語與主句主語一致，且從句的動詞是be動詞時,可將從句的主語和be動詞一起省去。主句主語是theflowers,從句主語也是theflowers,且與動詞water（澆水）之間是被動關(guān)系，要用被動語態(tài)。由“everyday(每天)”，得知，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時。其完整形式:unlesstheflowersarewateredeveryday?？梢园选皌heflowersare”省略，所以本空直接填入watered。15.答案：Surrounded解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意:被一群粉絲包圍著,他動不了了。因?yàn)閔e和surround之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞短語作狀語。16.答案：①that②an③them④arestored⑤to⑥amazing⑦were⑧association⑨t(yī)obuy⑩which

解析：①考查名詞性從句。句意為:科學(xué)家們相信氣味能喚起關(guān)于遙遠(yuǎn)記憶的感覺。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處引導(dǎo)主語從句,It為形式主語,且從句中不缺成分,句意完整,應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)該從句。故填that。②考查冠詞。句意為:科學(xué)家們說,大腦的一個區(qū)域?qū)⒂洃浄峙浣o氣味,并將這些記憶儲存幾十年。此處表泛指,應(yīng)用不定冠詞,且area的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭。故填an。③考查代詞。句意見上一題解析。此處作動詞stores的賓語,應(yīng)用they的賓格形式。故填them。④考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意為:德國波鴻魯爾大學(xué)的克里斯蒂娜?施特勞赫說,氣味儲存在嗅覺大腦中。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處陳述客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,從句主語smells與從句謂語動詞store之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),且smells為復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填arestored。⑤考查介詞。句意為:"olfactory"這個詞是指任何與嗅覺有關(guān)的東西。berelatedto意為"與......有關(guān)",為固定短語。故填to。⑥考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意為:廚房里烘烤的餅干的氣味,或者家里做的菜的氣味,都能勾起成長的美好回憶。此處修飾名詞memories,應(yīng)用形容詞作定語,意為"令人驚喜的"。故填amazing。⑦考查虛擬語氣。句意為:有些氣味會讓你希望回到過去,或者讓你想要逃離,這取決于這種氣味是有積極的還是消極的聯(lián)想。wish后跟賓語從句時,從句要用虛擬語氣。此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望,從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時,be動詞應(yīng)用were。故填were。⑧考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意見上一題解析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,positive和negative是形容詞,應(yīng)修飾名詞,此處作has的賓語。故填association。⑨考查非謂語動詞。句意為:氣味甚至可以促使你去商店購物。encouragesb.todosth.為固定搭配,意為"促使、鼓勵某人做某事"。故填tobuy。⑩考查定語從句。句意為:許多商店會引入某些氣味來喚起特定的記憶,讓人們購買多年前喜歡的東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾前面整個句子,從句中缺少主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)該從句。故填which。17.答案：1.bediscovered2.shapes3.in4.which5.contains6.seriously7.and/while8.greatest9.polluted10.totake

解析：①本題主要考查被動語態(tài)。分析成分可知，they和discover之間是被動關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。前有情態(tài)動詞should，此處be動詞應(yīng)用原形。故正確答案為bediscovered。②