江蘇省東臺市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省東臺市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhyisMikesounhappy?A.Hefailedoneofhisexams.B.Heisupsetaboutothers.C.Heisworriedaboutphysics.2.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Happy.B.Nervous.C.Disappointed.3.Whoisthewomanspeakingto?A.Abankclerk.B.Atourguide.C.Acustomsofficer.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Annleftheretwoyearsago.B.Thewomanhascoveredalongway.C.Themanhaslivedherefortwoyears.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A.Stayathome.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Takeaninterview.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inanapartment.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotowork.B.Havedinner.C.Visitthewoman’sboss.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandworker.B.Waitressandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.9.Whendidthemangetexperienceofdesign?A.Whenhewasatcollege.B.WhenheworkedatFashionCentral.C.Whenhestudiedcomputerprogramming.10.Whatdoesthejobinvolve?A.MovingtoFrance.B.Doingsometraveling.C.Workingatweekends.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingout.B.Bookingaroom.C.Rentingacar.12.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforrentingthecar?A.￥200.B.￥500.C.￥600.13.Wheredidthemangolastnight?A.Toaconcert.B.Tothebeach.C.Toashoppingmall.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Whatisthetestabout?A.Whetherclassicalmusiccanbenefitone’sintelligence.B.WhetherBeethovenhadahigherIQthancommonpeople.C.WhetherstudentsarewillingtolistentoBeethoven.15.HowmanystudentslistenedtoBeethoven’sinthetest?A.25.B.50.C.100.16.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheresults?A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Surprised.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whydidthespeakergiveuptheideaofbeingachocolatetester?A.Itisadangerousjob.B.Itishardtobeprofessional.C.Hehadtotakemoreresponsibility.18.Whatmadethespeakerwanttobecomeafootballreferee?A.Thesalary.B.Thehobby.C.Thetraining.19.WhatcanSpottybe?A.Adog.B.Astylist.C.Adoctor.20.Whydidthespeakerdecidetobecomeajournalist?A.Hewantedtoearnmuchmoney.B.Hewasgoodatgatheringinformation.C.Hewasexperiencedinresearching.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMusicFestivalsYouNeedtoAttendTomorrowland(July21--30)Tomorrowlandisknownasoneofthelargest,ifnotthelargest,EDMmusicfestivalsintheworld.LocatedatDeSchorreProvincialRecreationalParkinBoom,Belgium,thefestivalisaone-of-a-kindexperience.VisitorsaresurroundedbybeautifullycraftedstageswhilelisteningtoalloftheirfavoriteDJs.It’llbeaparty,andmostdefinitelyafuntime.Glastonbury(June22--26)Itmaybecloudyandrainyformostoftheyear,butEnglandshinesbrightwhenit’stimeforGlastonbury.Notonlydoesthisfestivalhavesomeofthebestmusicians,italsohasdanceperformances,comedy,theatrics,andmore.There’snoneedtoworryaboutbeingtoohotbecauseEnglandhasthebestsummerweatherforeventslikethis.ArtistsincludingEltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkidareallonthelineup(陣容)thisyear.OutsideLands(August11--13)WithSanFranciscoasitsbackdrop(背景幕布),OutsideLandsisalwaysapopularfestival.Therearealwayssomefamousfacesinthecrowds,andinyearspastwehaveseenVanessaHudgensandKimKardashian.Thisyear,thelineupisincrediblystrong,featuringMeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers,andsomanyothers.Mysteryland(August25--28)ThisisafestivalfortheEDMloversoutthere.TheNetherlandshostsMysterylandeachyear,bringinginallofthetopDJsandartistsfromaroundtheworld.Thefestivalisthefirstofitskindinthecountry,soit’sauniqueexperienceforeveryoneinvolved.Bringyourraveenergybecausethisfestivalisn’tforjustanyone.1.Whichmusicfestivalbeginstheearliest?A.Tomorrowland. B.Mysteryland. C.OutsideLands. D.Glastonbury.2.Whowillperformattwoofthefestivals?A.LanaDelRey. B.MeganTheeStallion. C.MaggieRogers. D.EltonJohn.3.WhatdoTomorrowlandandMysterylandhaveincommon?A.They’rebothheldonceayear.B.They’rebothattractivetoEDMlovers.C.They’reboththefirstofitskindinthecountry.D.They’reboththelargestmusicfestivalsinthecountry.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)音樂節(jié)的具體信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tomorrowland(July21--30)”及“Glastonbury(June22--26)”及“OutsideLands(August11--13)”及“Mysteryland(August25--28)”可知，四個(gè)音樂節(jié)分別開始于7.21,6.22,8.11和8.25，可知，Glastonbury開始得最早。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ArtistsincludingEltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkidareallonthelineupthisyear.”（包括EltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkid在內(nèi)的藝術(shù)家都在今年的演出陣容中。）及第三段最后一句“Thisyear,thelineupisincrediblystrong,featuringMeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers,andsomanyothers.”（今年，陣容非常強(qiáng)大，包括MeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers和其他許多人。）可知，LanaDelRey會(huì)出席兩場音樂節(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Tomorrowlandisknownasoneofthelargest,ifnotthelargest,EDMmusicfestivalsintheworld.”（Tomorrowland被認(rèn)為是世界上最大的EDM音樂節(jié)之一。）及第四段第一句“ThisisafestivalfortheEDMloversoutthere.”（這是EDM愛好者的節(jié)日。）可知，這兩音樂節(jié)都會(huì)吸引EDM愛好者。故選B項(xiàng)。BEverytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.Amoleculeisagroupofatoms.Itrepresentsthesmallestamountofsomechemical.Yourskiniscoveredinmoleculespickedupbyeverythingyou’vetouched.Witheachnewthingyourskincontacts,youleavebehindsomesmallshareofwhatit’dtouchedearlier.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia.SanDiego(UCSD)recentlyanalyzedsuchchemicalleftoversonthephonesof39volunteers.ThestudywasledbybiochemistAminaBouslimani.Toexplorethoseremains,theUCSDteamwipedthesurfaceofeachvolunteer’sphonewithacottonswab(藥棉簽).Thescientistsalsoswabbedeachperson’srighthand.Thentheresearcherscomparedthechemicalsfoundoneachcellphone.Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein.aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier,whichcontainsvarioussubstances,includingspices,caffeineandmedicines.Tracesofanywherefromhundredstothousandsofdifferentmoleculesturneduponeachphone.Themoleculesreflectedwhathadbeeninthebody,andwhateachpersonhadhandledbeforetouchingthephone.Fromallthesemolecules,Bouslimanisays.“Wecouldtellifapersonislikelyfemale,useshigh-endcosmetics,dyesherhair,drinkscoffee,prefersbeeroverwineorlikesspicyfood.”Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays.he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneremainstonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.4.Whatcanweconcludeabouttheuserbyanalyzingtheleftoversonthephone?A.Personality. B.Intelligence. C.Appearance. D.Lifestyle.5.Whatwasthefirstthingneededtobedoneforthestudy?A.Comparingdifferentchemicals. B.Hiringvolunteerswithcellphones.C.Buildingadatabasecontainingchemicals. D.Collectingthechemicalsfromphones.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheapplicationoftheresearchfinding?A.Uninterested. B.Disappointed. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.7.Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FingersLeaveCluesaboutYouonYourPhone.B.YourPhoneMayBeHometoVariousChemicals.C.MoleculesAreUsedtoSearchforIllegalDrugs.D.CellPhonesWillbeUsedinMoreFields.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了通過研究手機(jī)上留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，我們可以得出用戶的生活方式，手指在手機(jī)上留下關(guān)于你的線索?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指觸摸手機(jī)，都會(huì)留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。每種化學(xué)物質(zhì)都為你和你的活動(dòng)提供線索。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過分析它們，科學(xué)家們可能能夠拼湊出一個(gè)關(guān)于你最近生活的故事。）可推知，通過研究手機(jī)上的殘留物，我們可以得出用戶的生活方式。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein,aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier.whichcontainsvarioussubstances.includingspices.caffeineandmedicines.”（科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了盡可能多的分子。然后，他們將這些數(shù)據(jù)與化學(xué)物質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行了比較。加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校的藥物化學(xué)家PieterDorrestein在幾年前幫助建立了這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫，其中包含各種物質(zhì)，包括香料、咖啡因和藥物。）可推知，研究人員要做的第一件事是建立包含化學(xué)物質(zhì)的數(shù)據(jù)庫。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays,he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneresiduestonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.”（警方已經(jīng)使用分子分析來尋找爆炸物或非法毒品的痕跡。Dorrestein說，到目前為止，他從未聽說過警察利用手機(jī)殘留物來縮小搜索嫌疑人的行為線索。但偵探可能有一天會(huì)使用這些數(shù)據(jù)來追蹤在犯罪現(xiàn)場留下手機(jī)的人。）可推知，作者對于研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的應(yīng)用持積極的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem,scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指觸摸手機(jī)，都會(huì)留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。每種化學(xué)物質(zhì)都為你和你的活動(dòng)提供線索。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過分析它們，科學(xué)家們可能能夠拼湊出一個(gè)關(guān)于你最近生活的故事。）可知，文章主要講的是通過研究手機(jī)上的殘留物，我們可以得到用戶的一些信息。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“手指在手機(jī)上留下關(guān)于你的線索”。故選A項(xiàng)。CIsboredomathingofthepast,likeblack-and-whitetelevision?And,ifso,isthatagoodthing?JulieRobinson,aformerteacherwhonowrepresentstheIndependentAssociationofPrepSchools,thinksthatboredomisregardedasanenemyoftoday’schildren,andtheyarelosingtheabilitytobecomethoughtfulandreflective(沉思的).“Weshouldnotfearboredom.”saidJulieRobinson.“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,”sheadded.Heropinionisthatconstant(連續(xù)不斷的)activityforachild,oftentheresultofthedreamsofparents,willleadtoconcernedandworryingadult.Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlywelcomed.Parentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrencomplainaboutbeingbored.Theyseekanelectronicdevices(設(shè)備)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.Sowhatchancedochildrenhavetoallowtheirthoughtstowander?Butit’snotjustchildrenwhoneedlessonsinreflection.Adultsneedthat,too.Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacross-generationalphenomenon:thefearof“inactivity”.Andsheisright.8.JulieRobinsonthinksboredomisusefulbecauseitmakeschildren_________.A.findeffectivesolutionstosocialproblemsB.improvetheabilitytolearnknowledgeC.havetimetothinkandhavetheirimaginationdevelopedD.communicatemorewiththeirparentsandfriends9.Whichofthefollowingisseenas“inactivity”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Sendingemailsonatrain.B.Playinggameswithfriends.C.Planningconstantactivityforchildren.D.Lookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviews.10.Theauthormentionedthetrainjourneytoshowthat_________.A.thetriponaquiettrainwasveryboringB.theviewofthecountrysidewasbeautifulC.peoplehadtoomuchworktodoD.electronicdevicesinfluencepeople’slifegreatly11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Bothadultsandchildrenliketostayaloneandrecalltheirpastdays.B.Peoplefailtoleavetheirchildrenenoughtimetothinkandimagine.C.Electronicdevicesarealwaysgoodforbothchildrenandadults.D.Parentsshouldtelltheirchildrenhowtouseamobilephone.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了現(xiàn)在人們都使用手機(jī)等電子產(chǎn)品來避免無聊，而作者認(rèn)為無聊的存在是有其意義的——可以讓孩子們在無聊中對一些問題進(jìn)行思考?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中JulieRobinson說的話“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(無聊對孩子來說是有價(jià)值的。安靜、沉思的時(shí)間和有目的的活動(dòng)一樣重要)”和第三段中“Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlywelcomed.(傳統(tǒng)觀念認(rèn)為孩子應(yīng)該不斷活躍，這會(huì)阻礙他們想象力的發(fā)展。因此，任何能夠提高更深思熟慮的事情都會(huì)受到熱烈歡迎。)”可知，JulieRobinson認(rèn)為無聊是有用的，因?yàn)樗茏尯⒆觽冇袝r(shí)間思考，且發(fā)展他們的想象力。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.

Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacross-generationalphenomenon(現(xiàn)象):thefearof“inactivity”.(今天早上在去上班的火車上，我看不到一個(gè)人不使用電子設(shè)備。沒有人只是簡單地向窗外看縣城的美景。沒有時(shí)間安靜的思考，即使在安靜的圖書館。有郵件要發(fā)，有短信要讀，有游戲要玩。更廣闊的世界，似乎并不存在。手機(jī)已經(jīng)改變了我們生活中的許多事情，并且已經(jīng)使成年人和兒童都無法生活在當(dāng)下。朱莉·羅賓遜認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)跨代現(xiàn)象：對“不活躍”的恐懼。)”可知，“不活躍”現(xiàn)象指的是人們安靜的這種狀態(tài)，即上文提到的無聊現(xiàn)象，如今人們害怕無聊，所以會(huì)經(jīng)?？词謾C(jī)，或者不間斷的做一些打發(fā)無聊的事情。由此可推知，D項(xiàng)“望著窗外美麗的景色”被認(rèn)為是一種“不活躍”現(xiàn)象。故選D。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.(今天早上在去上班的火車上，我看不到一個(gè)人不使用電子設(shè)備。沒有人只是簡單地向窗外看縣城的美景。沒有時(shí)間安靜的思考，即使在安靜的圖書館。有郵件要發(fā)，有短信要讀，有游戲要玩。更廣闊的世界，似乎并不存在。手機(jī)已經(jīng)改變了我們生活中的許多事情，并且已經(jīng)使成年人和兒童都無法生活在當(dāng)下。)”可推知，作者提到了火車旅行，是為了表明電子設(shè)備對人們的生活影響很大。故選D。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(無聊對孩子來說是有價(jià)值的。安靜、沉思的時(shí)間和有目的的活動(dòng)一樣重要)”和第四段中“Parentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrencomplainaboutbeingbored.Theyseekanelectronicdevices(設(shè)備)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.(現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)父母聽到孩子抱怨無聊時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到一種失敗感。他們尋找一種可以立即玩游戲的電子設(shè)備。在長途汽車旅行中，我們再也不會(huì)因?yàn)椴荒蜔┑貑枴拔覀兊搅藛幔俊倍械綗o聊，因?yàn)楦鞣N各樣的電子設(shè)備已經(jīng)隨身攜帶，以避免哪怕是一分鐘的無聊。)”可知，人們沒有給他們的孩子足夠的時(shí)間去思考和想象。故選B。DThisyear,peoplearoundtheworldarelininguptobuyelectricvehiclesevenaspricesincrease.Electricvehicle,EV,demandhasstayedstrongevenastheaveragecostoflithiumion(鋰離子)batterycellsincreasedtoanestimated$160perkilowatt-hourinthefirstquarterfrom$105lastyear.Costsroseduetosupplyissues,restrictionsonRussianmetalsandinvestorspeculation(投機(jī)).ForasmallervehicleliketheHongguangMini,thebest-sellingEVinChina,thehigherbatterycostsaddedalmost$1,500,equalto30percentofthelistedprice.ButgasolineanddieselfuelcostshavealsoincreasedsincetheconflictbetweenRussiaandUkraine,andexpertsnotedthatenvironmentalconcernsarealsopushingmorebuyerstochooseEVs.ManufacturersfromTeslatoSAIC-GM-Wuling,whichmakestheHongguangMini,havepassedhighercostsontoconsumerswithpriceincreasesforEVs.Moremaybecoming.AndyPalmer,chairmanofSlovakEVbatterymakerInoBat,said,“risingcostswillhavetobepassedontocarmakers.”ButEVshoppershavesofarnotsloweddown.WorldwideEVsalesinthefirstquarterjumpednearly120percent,saidthewebsiteEV-.VenkatSrinivasanisdirectoroftheCenterforCollaborativeEnergyStorageScienceattheU.S.government’sArgonneNationalLaboratoryinChicago.Hesaid,“moreandmorepeoplewouldbuyEVsdespitethecostofthebatteryandthevehicle.”Thisincreaseinbatterycostscouldbeanunusualshort-termchangeinasituationinwhichimprovingtechnologyandgrowingproductionhavepushedcostsdownforalmost30years.Industrydatashowedthatthe$105perkilowatthouraveragecostin2021wasdownnearly99percentfromover$7,500in1991.Expertssaybatterycostscouldstayhighforthenextyearorso,butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.“It’slikeabubble(泡沫)andforthatbubbletosettledown,it’sgoingtobeatleasttheendof2023,”saidPrabhakarPatil,aformerLGChemexecutive.Theindustryhaslongbeenawaitingthebatterycellcostof$100perkilowatt-hour,asasignalEVswerereachingasimilarcosttofossil-fuelvehicles.Butwithgasolinepriceshighandconsumerpreferenceschanging,suchcostconsiderationsmaynolongermatterasmuch,expertssay.12.WhydoestheauthormentionHongguangMini?A.Topresentafact. B.Togiveanexample. C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Tomakeanassumption.13.Whatwillpossiblyleadtothedropinbatterycostsinthefuture?A.MoreEVshops. B.Productiongrowth. C.Sufficientsupplies. D.Technologyimprovement.14.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprospectofEVs?A.Promising. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Confusing.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.AtpresentdemandsforEVsbeatsupply. B.Peopleconcernpricemorewhenbuyingcars.C.EVssellmuchbetterthanfossil-fuelvehicles. D.PeoplepreferEVmainlybecauseofconflict.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。講述的是由于俄羅斯和烏克蘭沖突以及環(huán)保問題，汽油和柴油的價(jià)格有所上漲，越來越多人選擇電動(dòng)汽車。隨著電動(dòng)汽車電池成本的增加，電動(dòng)汽車的價(jià)格也是水漲船高，即便如此，世界各地的人們?nèi)栽谂抨?duì)購買?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ForasmallervehicleliketheHongguangMini,thebest-sellingEVinChina,thehigherbatterycostsaddedalmost$1,500,equalto30percentofthelistedprice.”（對于中國最暢銷的電動(dòng)汽車——紅光Mini這樣的小型汽車來說，更高的電池成本增加了近1500美元，相當(dāng)于標(biāo)價(jià)的30%。）可知，此處是承接文章第一段中的“Electricvehicle,EV,demandhasstayedstrongevenastheaveragecostoflithiumion(鋰離子)batterycellsincreasedtoanestimated$160perkilowatt-hourinthefirstquarterfrom$105lastyear.”（盡管第一季度鋰離子電池的平均成本從去年的105美元/千瓦時(shí)上升到160美元/千瓦時(shí)，電動(dòng)汽車的需求仍然強(qiáng)勁。）中的客觀事實(shí)，故文中第二段提到theHongguangMini是舉例子來說明鋰離子電子電池成本上升的事實(shí)。故選B。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Expertssaybatterycostscouldstayhighforthenextyearorso,butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.”（專家表示，電池成本可能在未來一年左右保持在高位，但隨后可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)另一次大幅下降，因?yàn)槠囍圃焐毯凸?yīng)商的大筆投資將電池從短缺轉(zhuǎn)為過剩。）可知，在未來導(dǎo)致電池成本價(jià)格降低的原因是汽車制造商和供應(yīng)商的大筆投資將電池從短缺轉(zhuǎn)為過剩。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butwithgasolinepriceshighandconsumerpreferenceschanging,suchcostconsiderationsmaynolongermatterasmuch,expertssay.”（但專家說，隨著汽油價(jià)格高企和消費(fèi)者偏好的改變，這種成本考慮可能不再那么重要。）可知，這是專家的觀點(diǎn)，作者在文中并未提及未來電動(dòng)汽車的前景，關(guān)于電動(dòng)汽車的論述都是以客觀的態(tài)度來陳述。故選B。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisyear,peoplearoundtheworldarelininguptobuyelectricvehiclesevenaspricesincrease.”（今年，盡管電動(dòng)汽車價(jià)格上漲，但世界各地的人們?nèi)栽谂抨?duì)購買。）以及倒數(shù)第二段中“butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.”（但隨著汽車制造商和供應(yīng)商的大筆投資將供需平衡從短缺轉(zhuǎn)為過剩，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)另一次大幅下降。）可知，當(dāng)下對電動(dòng)汽車的供需是短缺狀態(tài)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HandmadeCardfromMetoYouWhenIwas9yearsold,Ireceivedmyfirsthandmadecardfromaclassmate,whohadjustmovedtoNewJersey.Ihelpedhiminhishardtimeadjustingto(適應(yīng))hisnewschool.Sohemademeacard.Itwasafoldedpieceofpaperfromhisnotebook,withapictureofushe’ddrawnonthefront.Therewereonlyafewsentencesinside.___16___Specialhandwrittencardstaketimeandefforttomakeandfeelverypersonal.Likephotographs,cardscanbestoredandlookedbackon.Youcanmakeyourownuniquecardwithsuppliesyouhaveathome.What’smostimportantisthemessageyouwriteinside.___17___Butgettingahandwrittencardorlettercanmakesomeonewhoneedsitfeelappreciated."Thefirststepistothinkofapersonforwhomyou’dliketomakeacard.___18___Therearemanytypes:Thank-youcards,congratulationcards,holidaycards,andI’m-sorrycardswhicharejustafew.___19___Abigtripforwritingacardtokeepthepersonyou’remakingitforinmindwhileyouwork.Youcanaskyourselfsomequestionswhilewriting:Whatareyourfavoritememoriesofthatperson?Whatdoyouappreciatemostabouthimorher?Yourwordscanbeassweetorasfunnyasyouwant.Ifthey’repersonal,themessagewillbespecial.Last,signyournameatthebottom.___20___Therecipientlikemewillkeepthecardtorereadsometimefarinthefuture.A.Don’tforgettoincludethedate.B.Oryoucanbuyacardfromastore.C.Nowit’stimetogatheryourthoughts.D.Thisistheeasiestbutleastrewardingpart.E.Butthosewordsmeantalottomeatthetime.F.Itcanbehardtoputyourfeelingsintowords.G.Next,thinkaboutwhatkindofcardyou’dliketomake.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。介紹了手作卡片的重要性和制作步驟。【16題詳析】前文說“里面只有幾個(gè)句子”，后文說“但是這些話對我意義重大”，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。thosewords對應(yīng)前文中的“afewsentences”，only和轉(zhuǎn)折詞but呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】后文講“但是得到一封手寫的卡片或信能讓需要的人感到感激”，和F項(xiàng)“把感情寫進(jìn)文字里可能很難”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。putyourfeelingsintowords對應(yīng)ahandwrittencardorletter。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)Thefirststep可知，此處是講寫卡片的步驟。根據(jù)后文“Therearemanytypes:Thank-youcards,congratulationcards,holidaycards,andI’m-sorrycardswhicharejustafew.”賀卡有很多種:感謝卡、祝賀卡、節(jié)日卡和抱歉卡，抱歉卡也有幾種。描述了很多卡片的種類，對應(yīng)G項(xiàng)中的thinkaboutwhatkindofcardyou’dliketomake。故G選項(xiàng)“接下來，考慮一下你想做什么樣的卡片”切題。故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)“Youcanaskyourselfsomequestionswhilewriting”可知，此段是講在寫卡片時(shí)要思考一些問題，對應(yīng)C項(xiàng)中的gatheryourthoughts，故C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候整理一下你的思緒了”切題。故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)“signyournameatthebottom”可知，此處是講寫卡片最后的署名和日期，對應(yīng)A項(xiàng)中的date，故A選項(xiàng)“別忘了寫上日期”切題。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AftercompletingmyPh.D.inGermany,Iappliedforajobataconsultingcompany.Ispentmonthsmaking___21___beforegettingaphonecallfromthecompany.“Unluckily,wedecidedto___22___thejobtosomeoneelse,”thevoicesaid.Butthe___23___wasn’tover.“Wouldyouliketohearfeedback(反饋)fromus?”HewentontotellmeIhadn’tclearlystatedmy___24___forapplyingfortheposition.Iquicklyrealizedhewasright.Iwasn’t___25___aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ididn’tfeel___26___aboutthejobattheconsultingcompany,andthatclearly___27___intheinterview.Fromthenon,Idecidedto___28___judgeeachjobopeningtomakesureittruly___29___myinterest.Inmyapplications,IstatedmoreclearlywhyIwantedthat___30___job.Soonmyeffortstartedto___31___,asIgotanofferIwasexcitedabout.Afewyearslater,Ifoundmyselfontheothersideoftheinterview___32___.IwasinterviewingpeopleforthefirstPh.D.positioninmylab.Iwasparticularlylookingforwardtotalkingwithonecandidate;hisapplicationlooked___33___,buttheinterviewwentbadly,whichmademewonderwhetherhewastrulyinterestedinworkingwithme.Icalledand___34___wherehecouldimproveinfutureinterviews,forwhichhewasgrateful.I’ve___35___severalinterviewsinmylab,andalwaysencouragethemtoaskforfeedbackattheendoftheinterview.21.A.description B.communication C.preparations D.solutions22.A.recommend B.deliver C.rent D.offer23.A.conversation B.competition C.trade D.activity24.A.excuse B.strategy C.purpose D.schedule25.A.confused B.clear C.responsible D.powerful26.A.empty B.graceful C.sorry D.crazy27.A.showed B.improved C.cracked D.remained28.A.obviously B.carefully C.nearly D.probably29.A.protect B.record C.require D.suit30.A.tiring B.amazing C.specific D.simple31.A.payoff B.giveoff C.carryout D.holdout32.A.building B.table C.legend D.rescue33.A.alive B.believable C.impressive D.confident34.A.contacted B.checked C.revised D.mentioned35.A.hosted B.exchanged C.survived D.summarized【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者某次求職失敗，對方告訴作者的反饋是因?yàn)樽髡邲]有清楚地說明申請這個(gè)職位的目的，即對這份工作不感興趣。于是從此作者開始仔細(xì)判斷每一個(gè)工作空缺，以確保它真正符合自己興趣。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接到公司的電話之前，我花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備。A.description描述；B.communication交流；C.preparations準(zhǔn)備；D.solutions解決方案。根據(jù)上文“AftercompletingmyPh.D.inGermany,Iappliedforajobataconsultingcompany.(在德國讀完博士學(xué)位后，我申請了一家咨詢公司的工作。)”可知，此處指為申請工作做準(zhǔn)備。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我們決定把這份工作給別人，”一個(gè)聲音說。A.recommend推薦；B.deliver遞送；C.rent租給；D.offer提供。根據(jù)后文“thejobtosomeoneelse”可知，這份工作提供給了別人。故選D。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但談話并沒有結(jié)束。A.conversation對話；B.competition比賽；C.trade交易；D.activity活動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“Wouldyouliketohearfeedbackfromus?(你想聽聽我們的反饋嗎？)”可知，告知結(jié)果以后對話并沒有結(jié)束。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他接著告訴我，我沒有清楚地說明我申請這個(gè)職位的目的。A.excuse借口；B.strategy策略；C.purpose目的；D.schedule安排。根據(jù)后文提到作者不清楚自己申請的是什么工作，即沒有清楚說明申請這個(gè)職位的目的。故選C。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不清楚我申請的是什么。A.confused困惑的；B.clear清楚的；C.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；D.powerful強(qiáng)大的。呼應(yīng)上文“Ihadn’tclearlystatedmy”指作者不清楚自己申請的是什么工作。故選B?！?6題詳析】考