2024年北京高考英語(yǔ)試題及答案詳解

下載后可任意編輯2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試及答案英語(yǔ)（北京卷）第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain. ,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What’smore B.That’stosayC.Inotherwords D.Believeitornot答案是D。21.Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,______plantscanspreadtonewplaces.A.so B.or C.for D.but22.—Hi,let’sgoskating.—Sorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I_______inanapplicationformforanewjob.A.fill B.havefilled C.amfilling D.willfill23.Janeisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves_______halfanhour.A.by B.inC.for D.until24. __carefullyifanychangeoccurswhendoingexperimentsinthelab..A.Observe B.ToobserveC.Observed D.Observing25.Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople_______theopeningceremonyliveonTV.A.watch B.towatchC.watched D.watching26.IborrowthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,______myclassmatesrecommendedtome..A.who B.which C.when D.Where27.________Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwon’ttakelong.A.Can B.MustC.Shall D.Should28.Therearestillmanyproblems______beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.A.solving B.solved C.beingsolved D.tobesolved29._______theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.A.As B.When C.Eventhough D.Incase30.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas_______hescoredthewinninggoal.A.where B.whenC.how D.why31.—Whattimeisit?—Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute,I______itforyou.A.check B.checked C.willcheck D.wouldcheck32.Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit_______whenIarrived.A.started B.wasstartingC.wouldstart D.hadstarted33.Somepeoplebelieve_______hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.A.whatever B.whenever.C.whereever D.however34.We__________backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.A.are B.were C.willbe D.wouldbe35.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout______..A.recognizing B.beingrecognized C.havingrecognized D.havingbeenrecognized第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。TheFitting-inofSuzyKhanThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.Shewasreallysmallforherageof12.Theboyinmyclassoften36aboutherandlaughedtheirheadsoff.Shewouldopenabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopenpage.AllIknewwasthatshewasanorphan(孤兒)fromAfrica.Shehadjustbeenadoptedbyafamilyintownwho37thatthebestwayforhertolearnAmericanwaysoflifewastobewithamericankids.Ilookeddownatthis38girlandpromisedmyselfthatsomehowIwouldhelpher.ButhowcouldIhelpher39inwithus?Therehadtobea40Oneday,whenIwentintotheclassroom,IsawthatSuzyhad41hergeographybooktoapictureofatrain,andinhernotebook,shehadmadea(n)42copy.Iwassurprisedandthoughtthatshecoulddosomethinginthecoming43show.So,Itookhertoseetheartteacher,MissParker,andshowedherwhatSuzyhad44.“why,it’swonderful,”saidMissParker,whothenshowedusapostershehadpainted45thetalentshow.“Ineedmoreofthese,butIjustdon’thaveenough46.Couldyouhelpme,Suzy?”O(jiān)nthedayofthetalentshow,Suzy’s47wereeverywherealloverthehallandallovertheschool,eachonedifferent.“Andfinally,”saidMrBrown,theschoolmaster,attheendoftheshow,“wehavea(n)award.I’msureyou’veallnoticedthewonderfulposters.”Everyonenodded.“Oneofourownstudents49them.”Icouldheareveryonewhispering.“Whoinourschoolcoulddraw50well?”Mr.Brownwaitedawhilebeforesaying,“51thisstudentworkedsohardontheposters,shedeservesa52,too.Ourmystery(神奇)artistisournewstudentSuzyKhan!”Mr.Brownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessionalartist’sset.“Thankyou,”shecried.I53,atthattimewhenIwaslookingatherexcitedface,she’dprobablynever54anythinginherwholelife.Everyonestartedto55theirhands.SuzyKhangavethemashysmileandtheapplausewasdefening.IknewthenSuzywasgoingtoneallright.36.A.joked B.cared C.trains D.worried37.A.reported B.decided C.complained D.questioned38.A.rich B.proud C.tiny D.popular39.A.come Bfall C.fit D.tie40.A.manner B.pattern C.choice D.way41.A.read B.taken C.opened D.put42.A.free B.perfect C.final D.extra43.A.are B.talk C.quiz D.talent44.A.colored B.written C.carved D.drawn45.A.at B.after C.for D.around46.A.room B.time C.paper D.interest47.A.gifts B.books C.photos D.posters48.A.special B.academic C.national D.rayal49.A.painted B.found C.printed D.collected50.A.very B.that C.quite D.too51.A.If B.Though C.Unless D.Since52.A.prize B.rank C.rest D.place53.A.replied B.realized C.remembered D.regretted54.A.offered B.valued C.owned D.controlled55.A.clap B.wave C.raise D.shake第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、 C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ASeaLifeMelbourneAquarium(水族館)Theall-newSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD,isoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscovery,SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.*OpeningTimesSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyear,includingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pm,onehourbeforeclosing.*Location(位置)SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreet,Melbourne.Itissiyuatedonthe*GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTrainTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtrainstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute(公交線路)andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleBusTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisafreebusservice,stoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdaily,every15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.CarParkingWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,thereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.*WheelchairAccessSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.*TermsTicketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepted.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticket,noentry!56.SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium_________.A.islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecity B.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneC.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntill6:00pmD.isbesideCrownEntertainmentComplex57.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,visitorscantake________.A.trainsfromsouthernCrosstrainstationB.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstationC.boatsacrosstheyarraRiver 58.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors________.A.freecarparking B.wheelchairaccessC.Internetconnection D.transportationservice59.TicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium________.A.arefreetoallvisitors B.canbepursedbyemailC.rarecheckedattheentrance D.canbeprintedattheticketofficeBTheBrownBearMywifeLauraandIwereonthebeach,withthreeofourchildren,takingpicturesofshorebirdsnearourhomeinAlaskawhenwespottedabear.Thebearwasthinandsmall,movingaimlessly.Justafewminuteslater,Iheardmydaughtershouting,“Dad!Thebearisrightbehindus!”Anagreesivebearwillusuallyrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.Thisonewassilentanditsearspinnedbackthesign(跡象)ofananimalthatisgoinginforthekill.AnditwasacoldAprilday.Thebearbehavedabnormally,probablybecauseofhunger.Iheldmycameratripod(三腳架)inbothhandstoformabarrierasthebearrushedintome.Itshugeheadwaslevelwithmychestandshoulders,andthetripodstuckacrossitsmouth.ItbitdownandIfoundmyselfsupportingitsweight.IknewIwouldnotbeabletoholditforlong.Evenso,thiswasafightIhadtowin:Iwasallthatstoodbetweenthebearandmyfamily,whowouldstandlittlechanceofrunningfasterthanabrownbear.Thebearhitatthecamera,cuttingitoffthetripod.Iraisedmyleftarmtoprotectmyface;thebeastheldtightlyonthetripodandpresseditintomyside.Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmybonesweregoingtobreak.Drawingbackmyfreehand,IstruckthebearashardasIcouldforfivetosixtimes.ThebearopeneditsmouthandIgraspeditsfur,tryingtopushitaway.Iwasactuallywrestling(扭打)withthebearatthispoint.Then,assuddenlyasithadbegun,thefightended.Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest,beforereturningforanotherattackThefirsttimeIfelfpanic.Apparentlysatisfiedthatwecausednofurtherthreat,thebearmovedoff,destroyingafenceasitwent.Myarmwasinjured,buttheoutcomeforuscouldhardlyhavebeenbetter.I’mproudthatmyfamilyremindedclear-headedwhenpaniccouldhaveledtoaverydifferentoutcome.60.Thebrownbearapproachedthefamilyinorderto_______.A.catchshorebirds B.startanattackC.protectthechildren setupabarrierforitself61.Thebearfinallywentawayafterit_______.A.feltsafe B.gotinjuredC.foundsomefood D.tookawaythecamera62.Thewriterandhisfamilysurvivedmainlyduetotheir______.A.pride B.patienceC.calmness D.cautiousnessCChoosingtheRightResolution(決定)MillionsofAmericansbegan2024withthesameresolutiontheystarted2024with,agoaloflosingweight.However,settingweightlossasagoalisamistake.Toreachourgoaloflosingweighttheoutput,weneedtocontrolwhatweeattheinput(輸入).Thatis,wetendtocareabouttheoutputbutnottocontroltheinput.Thisisabadwaytoconstrucegoals.Thealternativeistofocusyourresolutionontheinput.Insteadofresolvingtoloseweight,tryanactionableresolution:“I’llstophavingdesertforlunch,”or“I’llwalkeverydayfor20minutes.”Creatingagoalthatfocusesonawell-specifiedinputwilllikelybemoreeffectivethanconcentratingontheoutcome.Recentlyanewsciencebehindincentives(激勵(lì)),includingineducation,hasbeendiscussed.Forexample,researcherRolandFryerwantedtoseewhatworksbestinmotivatingchildrentodobetterinschool.Insomecases,hegavestudentsincentivesbasedoninput,likereadingcertainbooks,whileinothers,theincentiveswerebasedonoutput,likeresultsonexams.Hismainfindingwasthatincentivesincreasedachievementwhenbasedoninputbuthadnoeffectonoutput.Fryer’sconclusionwasthattheintensivesforinputsmightbemoreeffectivebecausedonotknoehowtodobetteronexam,asidefromgeneralruleslike“studyharder.”Readingcertainbooks,ontheotherhand,isawell-settaskoverwhichtheyhavemuchmorecontrol.Aslongasyouhavedirectcontroloveryourgoal,youhaveamuchhigherchanceofsuccess.Andit’seasiertostartagainifyoufail,becauseyouknowexactlywhatyouneedtodo.Ifyouwanttocutdownonyourspending,agoodgoalwouldbemakingmorningcoffeeathomeinsteadofgoingtoacafe,forexample.Thisisawell-specifiedaction-basedgoalforwhichyoucanmeasureyoursuccesseasily.Spendinglessmoneyisn’tagoalbecauseit’stoogeneral.Similarly,ifyouwanttospendmoretimewithyourfamily,don’tstopwiththisgeneralwish.Thinkboutanactionablehabitthatyoucouldadoptandstickto,likeafamilymovienighteveryWednesday.Inthelongrun,thesenewgoalscouldbecomeahabit.63.Thewriterthinksthatsettingweightlossasagoalisamistakebecause_______.A.itishardtoachieveformostAmericansB.itisfocusedtoomuchontheresultC.itisdependentontoomanythingsD.itisbasedonactionabledecisions64.InRolandFryer’sresearch,somestudentsdidbetterthantheothersbecause______.A.theyobeyedallthegeneralrulesB.theypaidmoreattentiontoexamsC.theyweremotivatedbytheirclassmatesD.theywererewardedforreadingsomebooks65.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingstatementsisagoodgoal?A.“I’llgiveupdesert.” B.“I’llstudyharder.”C.“I’llcutdownmyexpense” D.“I’llspendmoretimewithmyfamily”66.Thewriterstronglybelievesthatweshould________.A.developgoodhabitsandfocusontheoutcomeB.beoptimisticaboutfinalgoalsandsticktothemC.pickspecificactionsthatcanbeturnedintogoodhabitsD.setambitiousgoalsthatcanbalancetheinputangoutputDMultitaskingWhatisthefirstthingyouniticewhenyouwalkintoashop?Theproductsdisplayed(展示)attheentrance?Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?Buthaveyouevernoticethesmell?Unlessitisbad,theanswerislikelytobeno.Butwhileashop’sscentmaynotbeoutstandingcomparedwithsightsandsounds,itiscertainlythere.Anditisprovidingtobeanincreasingpowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.Abrandstorehasbecomefamousforitsdistinctivescentwhichfloatsthroughthefairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance,viascentmachines.Asmellmaybeattractivebutitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningair.Onesportsgoodscompanyoncereportedthatwhenitfirstintroducedscentintoitsstores,customers’intensiontopurchaseincreasedby80percent.WhenitcomestothebestshoppingstreetsinPairs,scentisjustasimportanttoabrand’ssuccessasthequalityofitswindowdisplaysandgoodsonslaes.Thatismainlybecauseshoppingisaverydifferentexperiencetowhatitusedtobe.Someyearsago,thefocusforbrandnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants’disprovingattitudeanddon’t-touch-what-you-can’t-afforddisplays.Nowtheriseofelectroniccommerce(e-commerce)hasopenedupfamousbrandstoawideraudience.Butwhilee-shopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricks-and-mortarstores(實(shí)體店)canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop,butratheradestination.Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.Nowafamousstoreusescomplexman-madesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment,andcoconut(椰子)scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore’swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,insearchoftheirperfectscent.67.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstore?A.Friendlyassistant. B.Uniquescents.C.Softbackgroundmusic D.attractivewindowdisplay.68.E-shopsarementionedinthepassageto_______.A.ashowtheadvantagesofbrick-and-mortarstoresB.urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitudeC.pushstorestousesightsandsoundsD.introducetheriseofe-commerce69.Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means_______.A.aplatformthatexhibtsgoodsB.aspotwheretravelersliketostayC.aplacewherecustomerslovetogoD.atargetthatastoreexpectstomeet70.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.compareandevaluate B.examineandassessC.argueanddiscuss D.informandexplain第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分。共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EvaluatingSources(來(lái)源)ofhealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequairsreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Resonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofinsrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.71Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminwhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.73Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehaviour“contributesto”oris“associatedwith”anoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.73Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.74Evaluate“scientific”statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(江湖騙術(shù)).75Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.Developingtheabilitytoevaluatereasonablyandindependentlyaboutthehealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.A.Makechoicethatarerightforyou.B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthor’spointofview.G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.第四部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)(15分)你給英國(guó)朋友Chris寫(xiě)一封信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你們?cè)?jì)劃7月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于腳部受傷，你無(wú)法按原計(jì)劃前往；3.表達(dá)你的歉意并建議將旅行推遲到8月份。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50.2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearChris,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Joe第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三（1）班的學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，用?？坝⒄Z(yǔ)園地”寫(xiě)一篇短文，記述你和同學(xué)們向?qū)W校提建議，解決自行車(chē)存放問(wèn)題的過(guò)程。注意1.詞數(shù)不少于60.2.短文的開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Therewasaproblemwiththeparkingplaceforbikesinourschool.絕密★考試結(jié)束前2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)（北京卷）參考答案第一部分：聽(tīng)力理解（共3節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）1.C2.A3.B4.B5.C第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）6.C7.A8.C9.B10.A11.A12.C13.A14.B15.B第三節(jié)16.Dance17.middle18.Hinde19.10420.post第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D35.B第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）36.A37.B38.C39.C40.D41.C42.B43.D44.D45.C46.B47.D48.A49.A50.B51.D52.A53.B54.C55.A第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）56.A57.D58.B59.C60.B61.A62.C63.B64.D65.A66.C67.B68.A69.C70.D第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分。共10分）71.G72.D73.F74.B75.A第四部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)(15分)OnepossibleversionDearChris,Howiseverythinggoing?IrememberweplannedtovisitYunnaninJulybutnowbucausemyleftfootwasinjured,Icannotgowithyouasplanned.I’msorryaboutit.CanIsuggestthatweputitoffuntilearlyaugust?Iwishyoucouldun