醫(yī)學英語高頻詞匯06+急診

急診系統(tǒng)常用詞匯 第一課01.

emergency

medicine

急診醫(yī)學Impact

ofan

emergency

medicine

pharmaciston

empiricantibioticprescribingforpneumoniaandintra-abdominalinfections.急診醫(yī)學藥劑師對肺炎和腹腔感染所采用的經驗性抗生素處方的影響。source:

AmJEmergMed.

2018Jul

29.

pii:S0735-6757(18)30632-6.02.

first

aid現(xiàn)場救助Bystander

first

aid

and

basic

life

support

can

likelyimprove

victimsurvival

in

trauma.旁觀者急救和基本生命支持可能改善受害者在創(chuàng)傷中的存活率。source:

Acta

Anaesthesiol

Scand.

2015

Oct;59(9):1187-93.03.

prehospital

emergency

care

院前急救The

aim

ofthis

study

wasto

implementan

incidentreport(IR)system

inprehospital

emergencycare

management

witha

viewto

detecting

errors

occurring

in

this

setting

and

guiding

theimplementation

of

safety

improvement

initiatives.本研究的目的是在院前急救護理管理中使用事故報告（IR）系統(tǒng)，以檢測此環(huán)境中發(fā)生的錯誤并指導安全改進計劃的實施。source:

CJEM.

2015

Jul;17(4):411-9.04.

critical

care

medicine

重癥醫(yī)學Recommended

Reading

from

Harvard-Brigham

and

Women'sHospital

Pulmonary

and

CriticalCare

MedicineFellows.來自哈佛-布里格姆婦產醫(yī)院肺和重癥醫(yī)學研究員的推薦讀物。source:

Am

J

Respir

Crit

Care

Med.

2018

Aug

10.05.

emergency

department

急診科In

this

paper,

the

concept

of

a

central

emergency

department

ina

tertiarycare

hospital

is

described.本文介紹了一家三級醫(yī)院的中央急診科的概念。source:

Australas

Emerg

Nurs

J.

2015

May;18(2):75-82.06.consultationroom

[?kɑ:nsl?te??n]診室Starting

a

medical

consultation

room

through

inter-professionalcollaboration.開展跨專業(yè)協(xié)作的醫(yī)學會診室source:

Nihon

Ronen

IgakkaiZasshi.2013;50(4):55707.asepsis

無菌，防腐處理，滅菌法No

study

documented

complete

asepsis

following

initialdisinfection.沒有研究證明在初始消毒后能夠完全無菌。source:

Acta

Odontol

Scand.

2016

Aug;74(6):431-5.08.triage

[tri:?ɑ:?]

分診In

mostcases,continuing

contactbetween

survivors

and

you

willnot

be

possible

because

survivorswill

leave

triage

sites

or

familyassistancecentersandgotoothersitesforcontinuingservices.在大多數(shù)情況下，繼續(xù)與幸存者保持聯(lián)絡是不可能的，因為幸存者將離開分流網站或家庭援助中心和前往其他地點繼續(xù)服務。source:

《心理急救》09.

lay

rescuer

['reskju:?(r)]

業(yè)余救援Brief,

Web-based

Education

Improves

Lay

Rescuer

Application

ofa

Tourniquet

to

Control

Life-threatening

Bleeding.簡言之，基于網絡的教育提高了救護員應用止血帶來控制危及生命的出血的情況。source:

AEM

Educ

Train.

2018

Mar

22;2(2):154-161.10.

palpitation

心悸Frequentsymptoms

include

palpitation

and

dizziness,

whiledyspnea,

angina,

and

syncope

are

less

common.常見的癥狀有心悸及眩暈，而氣短、心絞痛及暈厥則較少見。來自 梁平教授11.

sudden

cardiac

arrest

心臟驟停Toprevent

andurgentlymanagesudden

cardiacarrest

on

thefootball

field-of-play,F-MARC

(FIFA

Medical

and

Research

Centre)has

been

fully

committed

to

a

programme

ofresearch,

education,standardisation

and

practical

implementation.為了防止和緊急管理足球場上的突然心跳驟停，國際足聯(lián)醫(yī)學研究中心(F-MARC)致力于一套集研究、教育、標準化和實施的方案。source:

Br

J

Sports

Med.

2015

May;49(9):597-8.12.

sudden

cardiac

death心源性猝死Sudden

cardiac

death

(SCD)

represents

about25%

ofdeaths

inclinical

cardiology.心源性猝死（SCD）約占臨床心臟病學死亡的

25%。source:

Aging

(Albany

NY).

2018

Feb

23;10(2):166-17713.

ventricular

fibrillation

[ven'tr?kj?l?]

[?f?br?'le???n]室顫Ventricular

fibrillation

is

the

major

underlying

cause

of

suddencardiac

death.室顫是心源性猝死的主要根本原因。source:

Adv

Exp

Med

Biol.

2015;859:343-65.14.

pulseless

ventricular

tachycardia[?t?k?'kɑ:d?r]無脈性室速Developmentofventricular

fibrillation

or

pulseless

ventriculartachycardia

after

an

initial

rhythm

ofpulselesselectrical

activity

orasystoleis

associated

with

significantly

increased

cardiac

arrestmortality.無搏動性電活動或停搏后出現(xiàn)心室顫動，可顯著增加心臟驟停的死亡率。source:

Am

J

Crit

Care.

2015

May;24(3):e22-7.15.

carotid

artery

pulsation

[k?'r?t?d]

[p?l?se??n]頸動脈搏動we

employed

a

new

video

processing

technique

to

magnifyordinarily

invisible

carotid

artery

pulsationpatterns

as

rhythmiccolor

fluctuations.我們采用了一種新的視頻處理技術，將通常不可見的頸動脈搏動模式放大為有節(jié)奏的顏色波動。source:

Transl

Stroke

Res.

2018

Jan

10.16.

electric

defibrillation

[?di:f?br??le??n]

電除顫The

objective

of

thisstudyisto

explore

the

possible

ways

toreduce

defibrillation

energy

and

further

reveal

the

mechanism

ofelectric

defibrillation.本研究旨在挖掘降低除顫能量的可能方法，并進一步探討電除顫的機制。source:ConfProc

IEEE

Eng

Med

Biol

Soc.2015

Aug;2015:5688-91.17.

automatic

external

defibrillation

自動體外除顫People

were

more

likely

to

respond

to

and

help

a

victim

ofcardiacarrest,

and

to

conductthe

automatic

externaldefibrillation.人們更樂意對心臟驟停的患者做出反應和幫助，并進行自動體外除顫。source:

Resuscitation.

2018

Apr;125:83-89.18.

cardio-pulmonary

resuscitation

[r??s?s?'te??n]心肺復蘇Efficacy

of

vasopressin

during

cardio-pulmonaryresuscitationin

adultpatients:

a

meta-analysis加壓素在成人心肺復蘇中的療效:薈萃分析source:

Resuscitation.

2014

Jul;85(7):855-63.19.

cerebral

resuscitation

腦復蘇Therapeutic

effects

of

various

methods

of

mesenchymal

stemcells(MSC)transplantation

on

cerebral

resuscitation

followingcardiac

arrest

in

rats骨髓間充質干細胞移植治療心臟驟停大鼠腦復蘇的療效觀察source:Pancreatology.

2015

Sep-Oct;15(5):497-502.20.

fluid

resuscitation

液體復蘇To

evaluate

the

therapeutic

effect

of

early

fluidresuscitationunderthe

guidance

of

Pulse

indicator

Continuous

Cardiac

Output(PiCCO)

on

patientswith

severe

acute

pancreatitis

(SAP).評價脈沖指示連續(xù)心輸出量（PICCO）對重癥急性胰腺炎（SAP）患者早期液體復蘇的治療效果。source:Pancreatology.

2015

Sep-Oct;15(5):497-502.Terminology

Reviewemergencymedicine急診醫(yī)學first

aid

現(xiàn)場救助prehospital

emergency

care

院前急救critical

caremedicine

重癥醫(yī)學emergencydepartment(unit)

急診科consultation

room

[?kɑ:nsl?te??n]

診室asepsis

滅菌triage

[tri:?ɑ:?]

分診layrescuer['reskju:?(r)]業(yè)余救援10.palpitation心悸Terminology

Reviewsudden

cardiacarrest

心臟驟停sudden

cardiac

death

心源性猝死ventricular

fibrillation

[ven'tr?kj?l?][?f?br?'le???n]室顫pulseless

ventricular

tachycardia

[?t?k?'kɑ:d?r]無脈性室速carotid

artery

pulsation

[k?'r?t?d][p?l?se??n]頸動脈搏動electric

defibrillation

[?di:f?br??le??n]

電除顫automatic

external

defibrillation

自動體外除顫cardio-pulmonary

resuscitation

[r??s?s?'te??n]心肺復蘇cerebralresuscitation

腦復蘇fluid

resuscitation液體復蘇急診系統(tǒng)常用詞匯 第二課01.

recovery

of

spontaneous

circulation

(ROSC)自主循環(huán)恢復End-tidal

CO2

to

detect

recovery

ofspontaneous

circulationduring

cardiopulmonary

resuscitation利用呼氣末CO2水平檢測心肺復蘇期間自發(fā)循環(huán)的恢復情況source:

Resuscitation.

2016

Jul;104:A5-602.

post-resuscitation

syndrome

復蘇后綜合征Post-resuscitation

syndrome

has

been

recognized

asone

of

the

major

causes

of

the

poor

outcomes

ofcardiopulmonary

resuscitation復蘇后綜合征已被認是為心肺復蘇不良結局的主要原因之一。source:

Resuscitation.

2014

Jun;85(6):833-9.03.

cardiac

output

心輸出量The

Mostcare

monitor

is

a

non-invasive

cardiac

outputmonitor.MOST

監(jiān)護儀是一種非侵入式的心輸出量監(jiān)測器。source:

Minerva

Anestesiol.

2014

Mar;80(3):314-23.

Epub

2014Jan

8.04.

cardiac

index心臟指數(shù)Cardiac

index

(CI)

declined

byan

average

of

0.4

L/min/m2(P

=

0.04)

with

concomitant

increase

in

pulmonary

capillary

wedgepressure

(PCWP;

P

=

0.02).心臟指數(shù)（CI）平均下降0.4

L/min/m2（P=0.04），伴隨肺毛細血管楔壓增加（PCWP;P=0.02）。source:

Artif

Organs.

2016

Dec;40(12):1105-1112.05.

central

venouspressure中心靜脈壓It

is

generally

believed

that

a

reduction

in

central

venouspressure

will

decrease

bleeding

from

the

hepatic

venoussystem.一般認為，中心靜脈壓的降低會減少肝靜脈系統(tǒng)的出血。source:

J

Hepatobiliary

Pancreat

Sci.

2015

Jun;22(6):463-606.compartment

syndrome

[k?m?pɑ:rtm?nt]室間隔綜合征Compartment

syndrome

does

notalways

presentclassically

inthe

pediatric

population,

making

clinical

diagnosis

uniquelychallenging.兒科人群中室間隔綜合征并不總是典型的，這使其臨床診斷具有獨特的挑戰(zhàn)性。source: J

Pediatr

Orthop

B.

2014

Sep;23(5):467-71.07.

chest

compression

[k?m?pr???n]

胸部按壓To

summarize

the

evidence

from

randomized

controlled

trialsofmechanical

chest

compression

devices

used

duringresuscitation

after

outofhospital

cardiac

arrest.總結關于院外心臟驟停復蘇過程中使用機械胸部按壓裝置的隨機對照試驗證據。source:Resuscitation.

2015

Sep;94:91-7.08.

artificial

respiration[?ɑ:rt??f??l]

[?r?sp??re??n]人工呼吸Ventilatory

efficacy

of

mouth-to-mouth

artificial

respiration：airwayobstruction

during

manual

and

mouth-to-mouth

artificialrespiration口對口人工呼吸的通氣效果：人工和口對口人工呼吸的氣道阻塞。source:

J

Am

Med

Assoc.

1958

May

17;167(3):335-41.09.

compression-ventilation

ratio

[?re??io?]按壓通氣比Providerswere

asked

to

provide

2

min

of

CPR

with

acompression-ventilation

ratio

of30:2提供者被要求進行2分鐘的CPR，壓縮-通氣比為30：2source:

Eur

J

Emerg

Med.

2009

Dec;16(6):339-4110.

foreign

body

airway

obstruction

(FBAO)異物氣道阻塞Although

foreign

body

airwayobstruction

(FBAO)accounts

formany

preventable

unintentional

accidents,

little

is

known

about

theepidemiology

of

FBAO

patientsand

theeffect

of

forcepsuse

onthose

patients.雖然異物氣道阻塞（FBAO）是許多可預防的意外事故的原因，對于FBAO患者的流行病學以及應用手術鉗的作用知之甚少。source:

Scand

J

Trauma

Resusc

Emerg

Med.

2014

Sep

4;22:53.11.

artificial

airway人工氣道Artificial

airwaydevices

are

commonly

used

to

provide

adequateventilationand/or

oxygenation

in

multiple

clinical

settings,

bothemergent

and

nonemergent.人工氣道裝置通常用于在多種臨床場所中提供足夠通氣和/或氧合，既有緊急的也有非緊急的。source:

Emerg

Radiol.

2015

Apr;22(2):171-9.12.

open

airway

開放氣道Established

principles

ofairway

management

in

patients

with

anopen

airway

injuryinclude

the

avoidance

of

both

positivepressure

bag-mask

ventilation

and

blind

tube

passage

and

theearly

consideration

of

a

surgical

airway.開放性氣道損傷患者氣道管理的原則包括避免正壓袋式面罩通氣和盲管通道和早期考慮手術氣道。source:CJEM.

2015

Jan;17(1):89-93.13.

oropharyngeal

airway['?:ro?f?r?n'd?i:?l]口咽式氣道Selectingtheappropriate

oropharyngeal

airway

forsafe

andeffective

airwaymanagement

isimportant

in

clinical

practice.選擇合適的口咽氣道以實現(xiàn)安全有效的氣道管理在臨床實踐中非常重要。source:

Anaesthesia.

2014

Jan;69(1):53-7.14.

trachea

intubation

['tre?k?rl]氣管插管Anesthesia

for

pediatric

day-case

dental

surgery:

a

studycomparing

the

classic

laryngeal

mask

airway

with

nasal

tracheaintubation.兒童期牙科手術的麻醉：一項比較經典喉罩氣道與鼻氣管插管的研究。source:J

Craniofac

Surg.

2014

May;25(3):e245-8.15.

volume

control

ventilation

容量控制通氣A

comparison

of

synchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilationand

pressure-regulated

volume

control

ventilationin

elderlypatients

withacuteexacerbations

of

COPDandrespiratory

failure同步間歇指令通氣與調壓容量控制通氣治療老年COPD合并呼吸衰竭急性加重期的比較。source:Int

J

Chron

ObstructPulmon

Dis.

2016

May

17;11:1023-916.

pressure

control

ventilation壓力控制通氣Model-based

setting

of

inspiratory

pressure

andrespiratory

rate

in

pressure

control

ventilation.基于模型的壓力控制通氣吸氣壓力和呼吸頻率的設定。source:Physiol

Meas.

2014

Mar;35(3):383-97.17.

assist

ventilation

輔助通氣Neurally

adjusted

ventilatory

assist

and

proportional

assistventilation

both

improve

patient-ventilator

interaction.神經調節(jié)的通氣輔助和比例輔助通氣均能改善患者呼吸機相互作用。source:

Crit

Care.

2015

Feb

25;19:56.18.

synchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilation['s??kr?na?zd]

[??nt?r?m?t?nt][?m?nd?t?:ri]同步間隙性指令通氣The

prevalence

of

post-extubation

atelectasis

was

higher

insynchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilation

group,but

thedifference

was

not

statistically

significant

(p=

0.08).同步間歇性指令通氣組在拔管后肺不張發(fā)生率較高，但差異無統(tǒng)計學意義（P＝0.08）。source:

Pediatr

Crit

Care

Med.

2014

Mar;15(3):236-41.19.

ventilatorassociated

pneumonia呼吸機相關性肺炎Ventilator-associated

pneumonia

diagnosis

remains

adebatable

topic.呼吸機相關肺炎的診斷仍然是一個值得商榷的話題。source:

Crit

Care

Med.

2015

Jan;43(1):22-30.20.

acid

intoxication[?n?tɑks??ke??n]酸中毒A

14-month-old

previously

healthy

girl

was

referred

to

ourhospital

with

the

diagnosis

of

acid

intoxication.一名14個月大的健康女孩被送往我院，診斷為藥物中毒source:Am

J

Emerg

Med.

2018

Jun;36(6):1126.e5-1126.e6.

dTerminology

Reviewrecovery

ofspontaneous

circulation(ROSC)

自主循環(huán)恢復post-resuscitationsyndrome

復蘇后綜合征cardiacoutput心輸出量cardiacindex

心臟指數(shù)central

venous

pressure

中心靜脈壓compartment

syndrome

[k?m?pɑ:rtm?nt]室間隔綜合征chest

compression

[k?m?pr???n]胸部按壓artificial

respiration

[?ɑ:rt??f??l][?r?sp??re??n]人工呼吸compression-ventilation

ratio[?re??io?]按壓通氣比10.foreign

body

airway

obstruction(FBAO)異物氣道阻塞Terminology

Reviewartificial

airway人工氣道open

airway開放氣道oropharyngeal

airway

['?:ro?f?r?n'd?i:?l]

口咽式氣道tracheaintubation['tre?k?rl]

氣管插管volume

control

ventilation容量控制通氣pressurecontrol

ventilation

壓力控制通氣assist

ventilation

輔助通氣synchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilation['s??kr?na?zd]

[??nt?r?m?t?nt] [?m?nd?t?:ri]

同步間隙性指令通氣ventilatorassociated

pneumonia

呼吸機相關性肺炎acid

intoxication[?n?tɑks??ke??n]

酸中毒急診系統(tǒng)常用詞匯 第三課01.

intracranial

pressure

[??ntr?'kre?n?rl]顱內壓There

is

very

little

data

correlating

lumbar

puncture

pressures

toformalintracranial

pressuremonitoring

despite

the

widespreaduse

of

both

procedures.盡管廣泛使用這兩種手術，但很少有數(shù)據將腰椎穿刺壓力與正式顱內壓監(jiān)測相關聯(lián)。source:

J

Child

Neurol.

2015

Feb;30(2):170-3.02.

blood-brain

barrier

[?b?ri?]血腦屏障After

traumatic

brain

injury,

the

blood-brain

barrier,theprotectivebarrier

between

the

brain

and

the

intravascularcompartment,

becomes

dysfunctional,

leading

to

leakage

ofproteins,

fluid,

and

transmigration

ofimmune

cells.外傷性腦損傷后，血腦屏障作為腦與血管間隔間的保護屏障，發(fā)生功能失調，導致蛋白質、液體的滲漏和免疫細胞的遷移。source:

Metab

Brain

Dis.

2015

Oct;30(5):1093-104.03.

hypovolemic

shock

[ha?p?'vo?lem?k]低血容量休克Hypovolemicshock

isoften

seen

in

patientswith

severe

blunttrauma

who

have

suffered

from

blood

circulation

inadequate

tomaintain

oxygen

delivery

to

multiple

organs.低血容量性休克常見于嚴重鈍性創(chuàng)傷患者，其血液循環(huán)不足以維持向多臟器輸送氧氣。source:

Jpn

J

Radiol.

2014

Oct;32(10):579-84.04.

traumatic

shock創(chuàng)傷性休克However,

research

into

novel

therapeutics

for

traumatic

shock

isongoing

and

promises

some

direction

for

future

care.然而，對創(chuàng)傷性休克新療法的研究正在進行中，并將為未來的護理提供了一些指導。source:

J

TraumaNurs.

2013

Jan-Mar;20(1):37-43.05.septic

shock

[?s?pt?k]

膿毒性休克，感染性休克Septic

shock

is

a

frequent

complication

in

intensive

careunit

that

can

result

in

multiple

organ

failure

and

death.感染性休克是ICU的常見并發(fā)癥，可致多臟器功能衰竭和死亡。source:

J

Surg

Res.

2015

Apr;194(2):520-7.06.

allergic

shock

過敏性休克Results

showed

that

the

incidence

of

allergic

shockcaused

by

safflower

injection

in

patients

above

40

yearsoldwashigh:結果表明，紅花注射液致40歲以上人群過敏性休克的發(fā)生率較高。source:Afr

J

Tradit

Complement

Altern

Med.

2013Oct

3;10(6):563-7.07.

neurogenicshock

神經源性休克Traumatic

neurogenic

shock

is

a

rare

but

seriouscomplication

of

spinal

cord

injury.創(chuàng)傷性神經源性休克是一種少見但嚴重的脊髓損傷并發(fā)癥。source:

Ann

Fr

Anesth

Reanim.

2013

May;32(5):361-3.08.

multiple

organfailure

多器官衰竭She

was

thrombocytopenic

and

anemic

with

multiple

organfailure.她有多器官功能衰竭，伴血小板減少和貧血。source:

J

Pediatr

Hematol

Oncol.2014

Mar;36(2):e88-90.09.systemic

inflammatory

responsesyndrome(SIRS)全身炎癥反應綜合征Consensus

guidelines

recommend

sepsis

screening

for

adultswithsystemicinflammatory

responsesyndrome

(SIRS).共識指南建議對患有全身炎癥反應綜合征（SIRS）的成人進行敗血癥篩查。source:

WestJ

Emerg

Med.2014

May;15(3):329-36.10.

septicopyemia

[sept?ko?pai'imi?]

膿毒血癥To

observe

the

protective

effect

of

fasudil

hydrochlorideagainst

acute

renal

injury

in

septicopyemia

rats.觀察鹽酸法舒地爾對膿毒癥大鼠急性腎損傷的保護作用。source:

AsianPac

J

TropMed.

2015Dec;8(12):1071-1075.11.

acute

respiratory

distress

syndrome急性呼吸窘迫綜合征However,

the

diagnostic

value

of

cardiopulmonary

ultrasoundinelderly

patientswith

acute

respiratory

distress

syndrome(ARDS)

is

stillunclear.然而，心肺超聲對老年急性呼吸窘迫綜合征（ARDS）的診斷價值仍不清楚。source:

BMC

Pulm

Med.

2018

Aug

13;18(1):136.12.

intracerebral

hemorrhage[??ntr?s?'ri:br?l]['h?m?r?d?]

腦出血The

aim

ofthis

guideline

is

to

presentcurrentand

comprehensiverecommendationsfor

the

diagnosis

and

treatment

of

spontaneousintracerebral

hemorrhage.本指南目的是對自發(fā)性腦出血的診斷和治療提出最新和全面的建議。source:

Stroke.

2015

Jul;46(7):2032-60.13.

subarachnoid

hemorrhage[?s?b?'r?kn??d]

蛛網膜下腔出血We

discuss

apatient

withananeurysmalsubarachnoidhemorrhage

(SAH)

presenting

with

chest

pain,

electrocardiogramchanges

compatible

with

myocardial

infarction,

and

headache.我們討論了一個動脈瘤性蛛網膜下腔出血（SAH）患者，其表現(xiàn)為胸痛、心電圖改變伴心肌梗死和頭痛。source:

J

Clin

Neurosci.

2015

Dec;22(12):1981-2.14.

cerebral

infarction

[?n?fɑ:rk?n]

腦梗死Cerebral

infarction

is

a

frequent

and

serious

complicationof

aneurysmal

subarachnoid

hemorrhage

(SAH).腦梗塞是動脈瘤性蛛網膜下腔出血（SAH）常見且嚴重的并發(fā)癥。source:

Eur

J

Neurol.

2015

Jun;22(6):941-7.15.

ischemic

stroke

[?s'ki:m?k]

缺血性腦卒中Lipoprotein

(a)

[Lp(a)]

harbors

atherogenic

potential

but

its

role

asa

riskfactorfor

ischemicstroke

remainscontroversial.脂蛋白（a）具有致動脈粥樣硬化的潛力，但其作為缺血性腦卒中危險因素的作用仍存在爭議。source:

Atherosclerosis.

2015

Oct;242(2):496-503.16.

coma

昏迷The

three

main

mechanisms

of

coma

are

structural

brainlesions,

diffuse

neuronal

dysfunction,

and,

rarely,psychiatric

causes.昏迷的三個主要機制是結構性腦損傷、彌漫性神經元功能障礙以及不常見的精神原因。source:

Lancet.

2014

Dec

6;384(9959):2064-76.17.

hypoglycemiccoma

[?ha?po?gla?'si:m?k]低血糖性昏迷There

were

considerable

differences

in

risk

of

hospitalization

orsecondaryhealthcare

visits

due

to

hypoglycemic

coma

betweenbasalinsulin

treatments

in

real-life

clinical

practice.臨床實踐中，因基礎胰島素治療者發(fā)生低血糖昏迷而住院或二次保健就診的風險有相當大的差異。source:

Pharmacoepidemiol

Drug

Saf.

2013

Dec;22(12):1326-35.18.

somnolence

['sɑ:mn?l?ns]

嗜睡Somnolence

isknown

to

be

a

major

cause

of

varioustypes

ofaccidents,and

ocular

parameters

are

recognized

to

be

reliablephysiological

indicators

of

somnolence.嗜睡被認為是各種類型事故的主要原因，眼部參數(shù)被認為是檢測嗜睡的可靠生理指標。source:

Conf

Proc

IEEE

Eng

Med

Biol

Soc.

2014;2014:5820-3.19.

lethargy

[?leθ?rd?i]昏睡Infants

manifest

only

lethargy,irritability,

andanorexiaintheearlystages,

but

vomiting,

fever,

andpain

are

apparent

as

thediseaseprogresses.嬰兒的早期癥狀只有嗜睡、煩躁及食欲不振，隨著病程進展，嘔吐、發(fā)熱及疼痛才變得明顯起來。來自梁平教授20.

drowning

[dra?n??]

溺水Drowning

is

the

second-leading

cause

ofinjury-related

death

forCanadianchildren

under

the

age

of14,according

to

Safe

KidsCanada,

the

national

injury

prevention

program.據加拿大兒童安全組織的國家傷害預防計劃報道，溺水是加拿大14歲以下兒童引起傷害有關的死亡的第二位的原因。source:

[Social

and

Humanities

News]

Swimming

lessons

no

guarantee

ofkids'

safetyTerminology

Reviewintracranialpressure

[??ntr?'kre?n?rl]

顱內壓blood-brain

barrier[?b?ri?]血腦屏障hypovolemic

shock

[ha?p?‘vo?lem?k]

低血容量休克traumatic

shock

創(chuàng)傷性休克septic

shock

[?s?pt?k]感染性休克allergic

shock過敏性休克neurogenicshock神經源性休克multiple

organ

failure

多器官衰竭systemic

inflammatory

response

syndrome(SIRS)全身炎癥反應綜合征10.septicopyemia

[sept?ko?pai'imi?]膿毒血癥Terminology

Reviewacute

respiratory

distress

syndrome

急性呼吸窘迫綜合征intracerebralhemorrhage

[??ntr?s?'ri:br?l]['h?m?r?d?]腦出血subarachnoid

hemorrhage

[?s?b?'r?kn??d]蛛網膜下腔出血cerebral

infarction

[?n?fɑ:rk?n]腦梗死ischemicstroke[?s'ki:m?k]

缺血性腦卒中coma昏迷hypoglycemiccoma

[?ha?po?gla?'si:m?k]低血糖性昏迷somnolence

['sɑ:mn?l?ns]

嗜睡lethargy[?leθ?rd?i]昏睡drowning

[dra?n??]

溺水急診系統(tǒng)常用高頻詞匯 第四課01.

electric

shock

電擊We

present

a

caseof

persistent

atrial

fibrillationinduced

bya

low-voltage

electric

shock

reverting

backto

sinusrhythm

after

asimilar

repeat

shock.我們展示了一例由低壓電擊引起的持續(xù)性心房顫動病例，在類似的重復性休克后恢復到竇性心律。source:Pacing

Clin

Electrophysiol.

2012

Nov;35(11):e320-1.02.lightening

strikes

雷擊Lightening

strikes

are

a

rare

cause

ofpolyneuropathy.雷擊是多發(fā)性神經病的罕見原因。source:

Ned

Tijdschr

Geneeskd.

2009;153:A774.03.organophosphorous

insecticides

poisoning[??:g?n?'f?sf?r?s] [?n'sekt?sa?dz]

急性有機磷殺蟲藥中毒Organophosphorous

insecticides

poisoning

is

one

of

the

mostcommon

poisonings

seen

inIndia.急性有機磷殺蟲藥中毒是印度最常見的中毒之一。source:

Toxicol

Int.

2013

Sep;20(3):214-7.04.

cholinergic

crisis

[?ko?l?'n?d??k]

膽堿能危象Cholinergic

crisis

mainly

occurs

as

a

result

of

theimproper

accumulation

of

anticholinesterase

agents.膽堿能危象主要是由于抗膽堿酯酶藥物蓄積不當所致。source:

Neuro

Endocrinol

Lett.

2016

Nov;37(6):411-41305.seizure發(fā)作，癲癇發(fā)作The

seizure

itself

beginswith

a

crypreceding

loss

ofconsciousness

and

tonicstiffeningof

the

body

followed

byclonicmovements

of

all

four

extremities,

the

face,

jaw,

and

head.癲癇發(fā)作時先喊叫一聲，緊接著意識喪失、身體強直，四肢、臉部、頜和頭部陣攣性抽動。來自梁平教授06.alcohol

poisoning

['?lk?h?l]酒精中毒In

severe

alcohol

poisoning

at

the

time

of

admission,

itwas

revealed

a

reduction

of

the

fluid

in

all

studied

sectors.在因嚴重酒精中毒入院的患者中，發(fā)現(xiàn)全身器官組織含水量均減少。source:

Anesteziol

Reanimatol.

2014

Sep-Oct;59(5):64-6.07.

heatillness

中暑Patients

with

acute

heat

illness

present

primarilytoemergency

departments

(EDs).急性中暑患者主要就診于急診室（ED）。source:Environ

Health

Perspect.2014

Nov;122(11):1209-15.08.

heat

syncope

['s??k?pi]熱昏厥Heat

syncope

is

fainting

or

dizziness

as

a

result

ofoverheating熱暈厥是由于過熱導致的昏厥或眩暈。來自梁平教授09.

hyperthermia

syndromes[,ha?p?'θ?m??]

高溫綜合征Drug-associatedhyperthermie

syndromes

include

the

serotoninsyndrome,

neuroleptic

malignant

syndrome,

neuroleptic-inducedcatatonia,

anticholinergic

syndrome,

etc.藥物相關的高溫綜合征包括5-羥色胺綜合征、抗精神病藥惡性綜合征、精神抑制藥誘導的緊張癥、抗膽堿能綜合征等。source:

Duodecim.

2013;129(24):2633-4010.

endogenous

pyrogen[?n'dɑd??n?s]['pa?r?d??n]

內源性熱源It

was

thoughtthatbacterial

products

caused

fever

via

theintermediate

production

of

a

host-derived,

fever-producingmolecule,called

endogenous

pyrogen

(EP).研究認為，細菌產物通過宿主衍生的發(fā)熱分子(稱為內源性熱原EP)這一中間產物引起發(fā)熱。source:

J

Endotoxin

Res.

2004;10(4):201-2211.

exogenous

pyrogen

[?ks'ɑd??n?s]

外源性熱源Wecan

not

ruleout

possibilitythat

other

mechanismsmayparticipatedirectly

or

indirectly

in

a

suppression

ofcytokinesresponsedue

to

repeated

exogenous

pyrogen

challenge.我們不能排除其他機制可能直接或間接參與由于反復的外源性熱原攻擊而抑制細胞因子反應的可能性。source:

Postepy

Hig

Med

Dosw.

2000;54(4):537-5112.

feverofundetermined

不明原因發(fā)熱The

clinical

utility

ofnaproxen

as

an

antipyretic

agentwasexamined

in

the

differential

diagnosisoffeverof

undeterminedorigin

in

patientswith

cancer.研究了萘普生作為退熱藥在癌癥患者不明原因發(fā)熱鑒別診斷中的臨床應用價值。source:

Am

J

Med.

1984

Apr;76(4):597-60313.frostbite

[?fr?st?ba?t]凍傷Frostbite

is

an

uncommon

event

that

can

lead

to

potentialserious

tissue

damage

and

necrosis.凍傷比較罕見，可致潛在的嚴重組織損傷和壞死。source:

Undersea

Hyperb

Med.

2014

Jan-Feb;41(1):65-70.14.laceration

撕裂傷The

uterus

must

be

explored

after

delivery

to

excludelaceration.分娩后應行宮腔探查排除裂傷。來自梁平教授15.combined

trauma

injuries

復合傷Combined

trauma

injuries

of

the

trachea

and

esophagusare

uncommon

.外傷性氣管和食道復合傷并不常見。source:

J

Trauma.

2000Sep;49(3):563-4.16.

crush

injury

擠壓傷Muscle

crush

injury

commonly

occurs

after

earthquakes

andcollapse

ofbuildings,and

itoften

induces

crush

syndrome

if

nottreatedpromptly.肌肉擠壓傷通常發(fā)生在地震后和建筑物的倒塌，如果不及時治療，經常導致擠壓綜合征。source:

Heart

Lung

Circ.

2013

Apr;22(4):284-90.17.public

health

emergency

突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事業(yè)This

studyaims

to

evaluate

the

applied

public

healthemergency

system

at

the

airportand

to

provide

appropriateoperational

solutions.本研究旨在評估機場應用的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生應急系統(tǒng)，并提供適當?shù)牟僮鹘鉀Q方案。source:BMC

Res

Notes.

2015

Sep

12;8:435.18.

disaster

rescue

[d?'z?st?]災害救援The

military

universities

should

apply

field

surgerytechniques

to

disaster

rescue

in

the

future.軍事大學將來應采用野外手術技術進行災害救援。source:

Chin

J

Traumatol.2015;18(6):311-3.19.

natural

disaster

自然災害Recent

research

suggests

that

notonly

parental

psychopathology,but

also

parenting

practices,have

a

role

to

play

in

thedevelopmentof

child

posttraumatic

stress

symptoms

(PTSS)following

a

naturaldisaster.最近的研究表明，不僅是父母的精神心理狀態(tài)，父母的養(yǎng)育方式在自然災害后兒童創(chuàng)傷后應激癥狀（PTSS）的發(fā)展中也發(fā)揮作用。source:

J

Child

Adolesc

Psychopharmacol.

2014

Feb;24(1):18-23.20.man-madedisaster

人為災害Rescue

and

emergency

management

of

a

man-madedisaster.一場人為災難的救援和應急管理source:

ScientificWorldJournal.2015;2015:136434.Terminology

Reviewelectric

shock

電擊lightening

strikes雷擊organophosphorous

insecticides