【名校區(qū)域大聯(lián)考】專題02.閱讀理解B篇（記敘文或新聞報道為主）（解析版）

全國名校區(qū)域大聯(lián)考高三英語試題精選集錦（第五期）專題0專題02：閱讀理解B篇（記敘文或新聞報道為主）編者按：遴選全國各地近期區(qū)域大聯(lián)考試題，精心編輯，排版整齊。目錄(T8聯(lián)考)八省八校2024屆高三第一次學業(yè)質(zhì)量評價英語試題廣東省金太陽2023-2024學年高三上學期百校聯(lián)考英語試題江蘇省決勝新高考2023-2024學年高三上學期12月大聯(lián)考江蘇省鹽城市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學年高三上學期第二次聯(lián)考浙江省強基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期12月聯(lián)考浙江省新陣地教育聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期第二次聯(lián)考浙江省教改共同體2023-2024學年高三上學期1月聯(lián)考河北省滄衡名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末英語試題河北省省級聯(lián)測考試2023-2024學年高三上學期12月試題山東省新高考聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測評2023-2024學年高三12月大聯(lián)考河南省南陽市TOP20聯(lián)考2023-2024學年高三上學期1月月考河南箐師聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期12月質(zhì)量檢測考試題安徽省皖東十校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期第三次月考湖北省宜荊荊隨恩2023-2024學年高三上學期1月聯(lián)考英語試題湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期第二次聯(lián)合測評2024屆重慶市縉云教育聯(lián)盟高三上學期一模英語試題遼寧省聯(lián)考2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末英語試題浙江省縣域教研聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期12月月考英語試題(T8聯(lián)考)八省八校2024屆高三第一次學業(yè)質(zhì)量評價英語試題BMichaelandhiswife,newresidentsinaSanFranciscoapartment,learnedabouttheirneighborJeffDunan'svolunteerworkforBangladeshRelief,anorganizationthatprovidesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliesfordisadvantagedpeopleinnorthernBangladesh,Inspired,Michaeldonated$150toDunan'sGoFundMecampaign.However,acreditcardnotificationalertedhimtoanunintended$15,041charge.Whenhesawthefive-figurenumber,hewasconfused,Soon,itallmadesense,Michael'screditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,heaccidentallybegantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor(光標)wasstillinthedonationbox.MichaelplannedtocallDunantoexplain,butbeforehehadthechancetodothat,hestartedreceivingFacebookmessagesfromShohagChandra,thecharity'sBangladesh-basedprogrammanager,thankinghimforhisgenerousdonation.Afterhelookedthroughthephotosofpeopleholdingthankyousignsthatreadhisname,Michael'sheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtowithdrawhishandsomedonation.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedecidedtodonate$1,500.AlthoughMichaelhadtoldhisfamilyandfriendsaboutthetale,hedecidedtoshareitpubliclyonsocialmedia,afterDunantoldhimtheorganizationwasdesperatelyinneedoffunds.“Theleast1coulddowastakethetimetopostthisstoryonlineandseeifIcouldinspireotherpeopletodonatetothecause,”Michaelsaid.Littledidheknow,though,thatthestorywouldbeseenfarandwide,endingupraisingmorethan$120,000forBangladeshReliefinthespanofonlyafewweeks-abouteight.timesMichael'smistakendonation.AccordingtoDunan,morethan3,700peoplehavecontributedbecauseofMichael'spost.Michaelhasbeenstunned(震驚)bytheongoingoutpouringofsupport.“NeverinmywildestdreamsdidIimaginethisreaction,”hesaid.“Peoplecanbeamazingwhentheycometogetherforsomethinglikethis."24.HowdidMichaelmakethelargedonation?A.Heinputanincorrectamount.B.Heencounteredasystemerror.C.HewasgreatlyinspiredbyDunan.D.Heenteredwrongcreditcarddetails.25.WhydidMichael'sheartsinkaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Hesawpeopleindespair.B.Hefailedtoofferenoughmoney.C.Hedidn'treceivethefullrefund.D.Herealizedthescaleofhismistake.26.WhatmotivatedMichaeltosharethestoryonsocialmedia?A.Dunan'srequestforpublicity.B.Adesireforpersonalrecognition.C.Theorganization'surgentneedforfunds.D.Pressurefromhisfamilyandfriends.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Alwaysprepareforarainyday.D.Agoodbeginningishalfofvictory.[B篇大意]本文是一篇記敘文。主題語境為人與社會。文章主要敘述了主人公Michael輸錯捐款金額后將故事分享到網(wǎng)上,結(jié)果吸引了更多人關(guān)注孟加拉國的災(zāi)情,募集到了更多的資金。24.A[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，Michael的信用卡號開頭數(shù)字是4和1。他顯然是在光標還停留在捐款金額那--欄的時候就開始輸人自己的信用卡號了,所以最后的金額由原來計劃的150美元變成了15041美元。25.D[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,在Michael準備給Dunan打電話解釋之前,該慈善團體的項目經(jīng)理Chandra在Facebook感謝了他。他還看到許多照片,照片里人們舉著感謝Michael的標牌。因此,此時他認識到自己的大筆捐款產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,所以開始后悔自已申請退款的舉動。26.C[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知,Michael是在Dunan告訴了他這個團體急需資金之后決定在網(wǎng)上分享這件事的。27.B[解析]主旨大意題。本文主要敘述了Michael為什么一開始決定捐款、捐款金額有誤的原因以及后續(xù)如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。故事始于Michael一個人的善意,結(jié)尾時3700多人都加人了捐款活動,短時間內(nèi)就籌集到了大筆資金。因此,B項“眾人拾柴火焰高”正確。廣東省金太陽2023-2024學年高三上學期百校聯(lián)考英語試題BWhenBelquerfirstjoinedateamtomakeabetterlivemusicexperiencefordeafandhardof-hearingpeople,hewasstruckbyhowtheyhaddevelopedworkaroundstoenjoyconcerts.“Whattheyweredoingatthetimewasholdingballonstofeelthevibrations(震動)throughtheirfingers,”Belquersaid.Hethoughttheteamcouldmakesomethingtohelphard-of-hearingpeopleenjoylivemusicevenmorewiththetechnologynowavailable.Belquer,whoisalsoamusicianandtheaterartist,isnowthe"ChiefVibrationOfficer"ofMusic:NotImpossible,whichusesnewtechnologytoaddresssocialissueslikepovertyanddisabilityaccess.Histeamstartedbytyingdifferentvibratingcellphonemotorstobodies,butthatdidn'tquitework.Thevibrationswereallthesame.Eventually,theyworkedwithengineerstodevelopalighthaptic(觸覺的)suitwithatotalof24vibratingplates.Thereare20ofthemtiedtoavestthatfitstightlyaroundthebodylikeahikingbackpack,plusonethattiestoeachwristandankle,Whenyouwearthesuit,it'ssurprisinghowitfeels.ThevibrationsaremixedbyahapticDJwhocontrolsthelocation,frequencyandintensityoffeelingacrossthesuits,justasamusicDJmixessoundsinanartfulway.“Whatwe'redoingisSelectingandmixingwhatwewantandsendittodifferentpartsofthebody,”saidtheDJ.Thehapticsuitswerejustonecomponentoftheevent.TherewereAmericanSignLanguageinterpreters;themusicwascaptionedonascreenonthestage.Thesuitsarethestarattraction.LilyLipman,whohasauditoryprocessingdisorder,itupwhenaskedaboutherexperience.“It'scool,becauseI'mneverquitesureifI'mhearingwhatotherpeoplearehearing,soit'samazingtogetthemusicinmybody.”24.WhatsurprisedBelqueraboutpeoplewithhearingproblems?A.Theattitudetheyheldtolife.B.Thewaytheyenjoyedmusic.C.Thelovetheyhadforballoons.D.Thefrequencytheyvibratedfingers.25.Whydidtheteam'sinitialattemptfail?A.Thevibrationslackedvariety.B.Themotorswerethesame.C.Themotorshardlyworked.D.Thevibrationswereirregular.26.WhatdidtheDJdo?A.Heinterpretedthesignlanguage.B.Hecaptionedthemusiconstage.C.Heselectedsuitsfortheattendees.D.Hehelpedpeoplefeelthemusic.27.WhatdoesLilyLipmanthinkofthesuit?A.Comforting.B.Challenging.C.Satisfying.D.Encouraging24—27BADCB篇：本文是一篇記敘文。音樂家Belquer和團隊一起利用震動原理研發(fā)設(shè)備，讓重度聽力障礙者和聾啞人也能體驗現(xiàn)場音樂。24.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句和第二句可知，他們想出了欣賞音樂會的變通辦法，這讓他感到震驚。他們當時的做法是拿著氣球，通過手指感受震動。25.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三句可知，他的團隊開始將不同的震動手機馬達綁在人體上，但這并不奏效。震動都是一樣的，缺乏變化。26.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第人句可知，這些震動由一位觸覺DJ來混合，他控制著通過衣服傳來的感覺的位置、頻率和強度，就像音樂DJ用一種巧妙的方式混合聲音一樣。27.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，LilyLipman對這種觸感套裝很滿意。江蘇省決勝新高考2023-2024學年高三上學期12月大聯(lián)考BWhenFionaAllenwasseven,herparentstookhertothetheatretoseeaproductionTheHouseatPoohCorner.Instantly,Allenfellinlove.Butalthoughshetookpartinschoolandcollegeplays,sheneverthoughtitcouldleadtoacareer.Instead,shestudiedbusinessatuniversity,workingfortheLandRegisterofScotlanduntilsheretiredin2012.Hernewlyfreetimereignited(重新點燃)adecades-oldspark.“IstillwantedtodosomethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,”saysAllen.Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter.“It’sasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It’srootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation(即席創(chuàng)作)becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,”saysAllen.InterestgrewandAllensetuphergroup—theMeadowsMummers—asacharity,toattractwidersupportanddonations.Itsfirstperformancewasin2015,attheMeadowsfestivalinEdinburgh.Thingssnowballedfromthere.AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.Morerecently,lifecircumstanceshavemadeperformingdifficult.“I’vehadhealthproblems.”Shesaysthat,attimes,shehasconsideredgivingup,butgetstoomuchjoyfromdoingittostop.“We’vejustdoneoneperformancethisyearbutI’mreallyexcitedthatwe’regettingreadyformorefestivalsnextyear.”Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago.“IwasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,”shesays.“Shetoldmeshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”Wheneverdoubtcreepsin(不知不覺產(chǎn)生),Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands.“Justbecauseyou’vereached60,itdoesn’tmeanthedrawbridgehasbeenpulledup,”saysAllen.24.WhydidAllenstudytheatreandperformanceafterretirement?A.Toearnadegree. B.Totakeupherinterest.C.Topleaseherparents. D.Tofindabetterjob.25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningmumming?A.Itsfeatures. B.Itshistory. C.Itssignificance. D.Itsprospect.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snowballed”inparagraph3mean?A.Developed. B.Collapsed. C.Stuck. D.Froze.27.WhatdoesAllenintendtotellusbytheencounter?A.Artislong,lifeisshort. B.Romanwasnotbuiltinaday.C.Wherethere’sawill,thereisaway. D.Weshouldtrytoliveinthemoment.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了FionaAllen退休后重拾以前的興趣，參加了一個民間戲劇研討會，隨著興趣的增長，艾倫成立了她的團體——梅多斯戲迷——作為一個慈善組織，以吸引更廣泛的支持和捐贈?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hernewlyfreetimereignited(重新點燃)adecades-oldspark.“IstillwantedtodosomethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,”saysAllen.(她最近的空閑時間重新點燃了幾十年前的火花?！拔胰匀幌胗梦业拇竽X做點什么，所以我回到大學學習戲劇和表演，”艾倫說)”可知，艾倫退休后學習戲劇和表演是為了重拾興趣。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter.“It’sasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It’srootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation(即席創(chuàng)作)becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,”saysAllen.(那一年，她參加了一個民間戲劇研討會，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種古老的蒙面表演——戴面具化裝表演（mumming），男演員穿梭于村莊，表演簡單的戲劇，通常以換取食物或住所?！斑@是一個比傳統(tǒng)戲劇更簡單的故事。它有一個中心沖突，而不是緩慢的角色發(fā)展。它根植于歷史，包含更多的即興創(chuàng)作，因為戲劇總是為當?shù)赜^眾量身定制，”艾倫說)”可知，第二段主要講了戴面具化裝表演（mumming）的特點。故選A?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.(除了在蘇格蘭中部巡回演出外，該團隊還參加了2016年在格洛斯特郡舉行的國際戴面具化裝表演研討會和非大會，并了解了更多關(guān)于民間戲劇的歷史)”可知，這個團隊得到了很大發(fā)展，去了很多地方演出。故劃線詞意思是“發(fā)展”，故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago.“IwasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,”shesays.“Shetoldmeshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”(30多年前的一次經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了我們繼續(xù)前進的動力。她說：“我在南斯拉夫的一個國家公園里，看到一個女人聚精會神地盯著這條綠色的河流?！薄八嬖V我她快要失明了，希望這條河成為她見過的最后一條美麗的東西”)”以及“Wheneverdoubtcreepsin(不知不覺產(chǎn)生),Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands.(每當疑慮襲來時，艾倫就會回憶起那次遭遇，并感到被迫繼續(xù)用雙手抓住生活)”可推知，艾倫想通過這次相遇告訴我們：我們應(yīng)該努力活在當下。故選D。江蘇省鹽城市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學年高三上學期第二次聯(lián)考BIusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...Ourjeepmovedslowlyalongthetoo-hot-to-touchsand.Withnoairconditionerandanenginewhichmightbreakdownatanytime,itwastoughwork.Thedryheatwasfierceandtheonlybreakcamefromusingourpreciouswaterforbriefbucketshowers.Withnosuppliesavailablewithinthepark—itwasasortofnoman’slandwhichwasinhabitedbytheoccasionalcow—itisnecessarytobringallyourfuel,foodandwaterwithyou.Wecampedinasmallplaceinthecenterofthewoods.Attheheightofthedryseason,leavesinthetreeshadallfallendown,shadewasinscantsupply,soweplacedourselvesnearaleaflesstree.Asthesunset,wedrovetowardsthewateringholeafewmilesaway,andwereremindedjustwhywe’dchosentospendweekssufferingthisexerciseonourselves.Alonelionpausedhislappingtoacknowledgeourarrival.Heyawned,andthencarriedondrinking.Thatnight,sleepingontheroofofthejeep,wefelthisshoutingasmuchasheardit.ThosevastAfricanskiesofferedtheonlyindicationthattheoutsideworldhadn’tcometoastateofquietness,asbrightsatellitewhippedacrosstheblackness.Inthemorningwesawthatthelionhadwalkedintheroadovernight,hispawprintspressedintoyesterday’styretracks.Wesetoffforanothermorninginchingthroughthesand;anotherdayofchanginglandscapesandraw,wildbeauty;anothernightlitbyshootingstars.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A.HeisnowlivinginBotswana.B.HeenjoysthewildnessofnatureC.Hesleptinahotelatnight.D.Hedidn’ttakeenoughfoodandwater.25.Whatdidtheythinkoftheirjourney?A.Cozyandsafe B.ScaryandannoyingC.Amazingandtough D.Pleasantandeasy26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inparagraph4mean?A.inadequate B.unbending C.abundant D.ready27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShiningStarsandALoneLionB.MyGreatEscapeintotheWildC.TravellingintheSouthernAfricaD.CampinginToo-Hot-to-TouchSand【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是作者的非洲荒野之旅，這個旅途上很艱苦，但是自然美景吸引他們勇敢地繼續(xù)前進．【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...(曾經(jīng)住在非洲南部，最近和我的朋友奧斯卡一起回到博茨瓦納參觀了卡拉哈里中央野生動物保護區(qū)。為什么？因為沒有什么能像廣闊的非洲荒野一樣)”可知，他到博茨瓦納參觀，并且喜歡大自然的野性。根據(jù)第二段中“Thedryheatwasfierceandtheonlybreakcamefromusingourpreciouswaterforbriefbucketshowers.(干熱酷熱難耐，唯一的休息就是用我們珍貴的水做短暫的水桶淋浴。)”可知，他水充足。根據(jù)第五段中“Thatnight,sleepingontheroofofthejeep(那天晚上，我們睡在吉普車的車頂上)”可知，他晚上不睡在旅館里。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Withnoairconditionerandanenginewhichmightbreakdownatanytime,itwastoughwork.(沒有空調(diào)，發(fā)動機隨時都可能出故障，這是一項艱巨的工作。)”可知，旅行艱難；第一段中“Becausethere'snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness…(因為沒有什么能像廣闊的非洲荒野一樣……)”以及最后一段“Wesetoffforanothermorninginchingthroughthesand;anotherdayofchanginglandscapesandraw,wildbeauty;anothernightlitbyshootingstars.(我們在沙灘上緩慢前行，開始了另一個早晨；又是變幻的風景和原始、野性之美的一天；又是一個被流星照亮的夜晚。)”由此可知非洲大草原的神奇。故選C?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞前的“Attheheightofthedryseason,leavesinthetreeshadallfallendown(在旱季最盛的時候，樹上的葉子都掉了下來)”和后面的“soweplacedourselvesnearaleaflesstree(所以我們把自己放在一棵沒有葉子的樹旁邊)”可知，在旱季最嚴重的時候，樹上的葉子都掉了，樹蔭不足。由此可見，scant意為“不足的”。A.inadequate不充足；B.unbending不彎曲；C.abundant充足；D.ready準備好的。故選A。【27題詳解】標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“IusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...(我曾經(jīng)住在非洲南部，最近和我的朋友奧斯卡一起回到博茨瓦納參觀了卡拉哈里中央野生動物保護區(qū)。為什么？因為沒有什么能像廣闊的非洲荒野一樣……)可知，本文講述的是作者的非洲荒野之旅，這個旅途上很艱苦，但是自然美景吸引他們勇敢地繼續(xù)前進。B選項“MyGreatEscapeintotheWild(我的荒野大逃亡)”，符合題意，其它選項都是以偏概全。故選B。浙江省強基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期12月聯(lián)考BAdoctorwalkedintoanoperatingroomwhereanoperationwasbeingperformed.Everythingseemedtobegoingwell,butthedoctornoticedthatnoonewaswearingafacemask.Hewassurprised--wearingafacemaskisabasichospitalprocedure.Buthedidn’tsayanything.Theoperationwasasuccess,butafewdayslaterthepatientcamedownwithafever.Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.Gawandeisadoctorhimself,andinhisresearchhesuggeststhatifsurgeonsrunthroughasimplechecklistbeforeeveryoperation,thenliveswillbesaved.Andhe’sgotthenumberstoproveit.In2001,anexperimentatanAmericanhospitalrequireddoctorstouseafive-pointchecklistbeforetheycarriedoutspecificprocedures.Thechecklistwasjustalistofroutinethingsdoctorshouldnormallydowithoutthinking--wearinglatexgloves,washingtheirhandsbeforeandaftereverypatient,andsoon.Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.Inhisstudy,Gawandelooksatotherprofessions,too,tosupporthisargumentthatchecklistsreduceaccidentsandimprovesuccessrates.Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.Peoplewoulddemandthatofficialslookintotheseeventsimmediately.Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.24.Thefunctionofthefirstparagraphinthistextisto________.A.introducetheoriginoftheideaforGawande’sstudyB.explaintheimportanceofthebasichospitalprocedureC.explorethecausesofinfectionsamongpatientsinhospitalsD.emphasizetheurgencyofprovidingrelevanttrainingtodoctors25.Whatarethetwoexperimentsinparagraph2intendedtoprove?A.Youngmedicalstaffneedtofollowthechecklists.B.Checklistsarenecessaryforhospitalsinparticular.C.Hospitalsarerequiredtomaintaingoodmanagement.D.Medicalinfectionscanbereducedbyobservingasetofrules.26.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Aircrasheshardlyoccurredwiththebasicprocedures.B.Gawandeintendstopromotehisideatootherprofessions.C.Highbuildingsmaycollapseduetoengineers’miscalculations.D.Itisamustforapilotorengineertousetheirchecklists.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardGawande’sstudy?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Approving. D.Doubtful.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。講述了醫(yī)生AtulGawande受到一個醫(yī)療事件的啟發(fā)，著手研究如何通過嚴格執(zhí)行操作程序清單提升醫(yī)療服務(wù)及其對其他行業(yè)的重要性?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.”（結(jié)果她得了嚴重的感染，可能是因為醫(yī)生和護士沒有遵守一個簡單的規(guī)則。）及第二段第一句“AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.”（AtulGawande對這個故事很感興趣，并開展了一項關(guān)于清單對提高醫(yī)院服務(wù)的重要性的研究。）可知，第一段描述的醫(yī)療事故激發(fā)了AtulGawande去研究嚴格執(zhí)行操作程序清單的重要性，故第一段介紹了AtulGawande的研究想法的來源。故選A項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.”（通過確保遵守清單，在27個月的實驗中幾乎沒有感染，他們估計大約有8條生命得救。當這份清單在密歇根州的醫(yī)院再次進行測試時，感染率下降了66%。）可知，這兩個實驗都表明嚴格執(zhí)行操作程序清單可以減少醫(yī)療事故，提高手術(shù)成功率。故選D項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.”（他指出，像工程師和飛行員這樣的人一直在使用清單，他舉出了一些很好的例子。）及第三四句“Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.”（想象一下，一架飛機因為飛行員沒有遵守基本程序而墜毀。假設(shè)一座摩天大樓因為工程師們忘記做一些重要的計算而倒塌。）可知，Gawande發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴格遵守操作程序?qū)ζ渌袠I(yè)的重要性。像工程師及飛行員等職業(yè)稍一疏忽就會造成重大的事故，故飛行員或工程師必須嚴格執(zhí)行操作程序清單。故選D項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.”（Gawande的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)非常有趣，受到了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。它提醒我們，有時候避免犯錯最簡單的方法就是遵循一套非常簡單的規(guī)則。這與我們所有人都相關(guān)，而不僅僅是醫(yī)生。）可知，作者認為Gawande的研究非常有價值，對其持認可的態(tài)度。故選C項。浙江省新陣地教育聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三上學期第二次聯(lián)考BTheSouthBronxisoneofthepoorestandmostpollutedplacesinAmerica,withsmog-chokedfreewaysandsmellywastewatertreatmentplants.“We’readumpingground,”O(jiān)marexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.“Alotofwhatpeoplethrowawayisperfectlygood,”hesays.“Justlookatthatstufffromconstructionsites—doors,sinks,toilets.Peoplewillbuythosethings.It’sonlycalledgarbagebecausesomebodythrewitaway.”O(jiān)marwasjustoutofcollegeandworkingforanenvironmentalgroupcalledSustainableSouthBronxwhenhestartedconsideringhowtogetthis“goodgarbage”topeoplewhocoulduseit.Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.InApril2008,Omar’scooperative,ReBuildersSource,openeditsbusinessandbegansellingconstructionsupplies—atreasonableprices—toneighborhoodbuildersandhomeowners.Withthehelpofcityofficials,healsobeganplanninganewtrainingprogramtohelplocalresidentslearntheskillstogetgoodjobsthathelptheenvironmentandevenstarttheirowncooperatives.Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.“Ifyouhaveauseforsomething,”O(jiān)marsays,“it’snolongerwaste.”24.WhyistheSouthBronxmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toarousereaders’interest. B.Toserveasthebackgroundinformation.C.Tocontrastwiththeotherdistricts. D.Tointroduceafamousplace.25.WhichwasNotthereasonforOmar’screatingacooperativebusiness?A.Toprovidejobsforlocalpeople. B.Todealwithdumpedrubbish.C.Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors. D.Tomakemoneyfromgarbage.26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeOmar?A.Idealisticandbusiness-minded. B.Creativeandaction-oriented.C.Practicalandself-focused. D.Devotedandiron-hearted.27.WhichsayingmightinterpretOmar’saction?A.Knowledgestartswithpractice. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Foureyesseemorethantwo. D.Killtwobirdswithonestone.【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。南布朗克斯是美國最貧窮、污染最嚴重的地區(qū)之一，這里是一個垃圾傾倒地，剛剛大學畢業(yè)的奧馬爾想到創(chuàng)建合作企業(yè)來為當?shù)厝颂峁┚蜆I(yè)機會、處理傾倒的垃圾和從垃圾中獲利?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““We’readumpingground,”O(jiān)marexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”(“我們是一個垃圾場，”奧馬爾解釋說?！凹~約市其他地方的垃圾都被送到了這里?！?”和第三段開頭“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奧馬爾開始用一種不同的方式看待垃圾)”可知后續(xù)內(nèi)容要描述奧馬爾如何利用這個地方的垃圾，所以第一段的內(nèi)容是背景信息。故選B。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?(與其毀掉舊東西，為什么不把它們清理干凈再賣掉呢？為什么不雇社區(qū)里人來做這項工作呢？更好的是，為什么不讓這個企業(yè)成為“合作社”，這意味著在企業(yè)工作的人擁有它并分享利潤?)”可知奧馬爾創(chuàng)建合作企業(yè)的原因包括處理傾倒的垃圾、為當?shù)厝颂峁┚蜆I(yè)機會并從垃圾中獲得利潤，C選項“Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors.(促進鄰里和睦相處)”未提及。故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奧馬爾開始用一種不同的方式看待垃圾)”和“Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?(與其毀掉舊東西，為什么不把它們清理干凈再賣掉呢？為什么不雇社區(qū)里的人來做這項工作呢？更好的是，為什么不讓這個企業(yè)成為“合作社”，這意味著在企業(yè)工作的人擁有它并分享利潤?)”可推測出奧馬爾是一個“有創(chuàng)造力的”人。根據(jù)第四段“Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.(以此為基礎(chǔ)，奧馬爾創(chuàng)辦了國內(nèi)第一家致力于建筑垃圾再利用的合作社。為了創(chuàng)業(yè)，奧馬爾在卡車堵塞、垃圾遍地的社區(qū)街道上張貼傳單，尋找能和他一起工作的人。他很快就找到了另外四名敬業(yè)的工人。他們租了一個倉庫，開始尋找二手材料的捐贈)”可知，奧馬爾執(zhí)行力很強，是一個“行動導向的”人。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.(工人們接受過仔細拆卸建筑物的培訓，這樣門窗之類的東西就可以重復使用，而不是被打碎送到垃圾填埋場。以這種方式解構(gòu)建筑可以成為一個巨大的產(chǎn)業(yè)，為需要它們的人提供許多好工作)”并結(jié)合上下文，奧馬爾看到南布朗克斯遍地垃圾，萌生了利用這些垃圾創(chuàng)業(yè)的想法。在他的努力下，垃圾得到重復使用，同時給當?shù)氐娜颂峁┝司蜆I(yè)機會，所以“一舉兩得”可以解釋奧馬爾的行為。故選D。浙江省教改共同體2023-2024學年高三上學期1月聯(lián)考BNicoleLathamisa21-year-oldlawstudentfromUniversityofLeeds.Whenshe’snotstudyingforherdegree,Nicolecompetesinweightliftingcompetitions.Shealsodoesagoodjobinkarate.Ontopofgymandmartialarts,Nicoleisalsoinandoutofthedoctor’soffice.Shewasdiagnosed(診斷)withmultiplesclerosis(MS),araredisease,ayearago.ThefirstattackhappenedwhileshewaspreparingforherA-Levels,ahugelystressfultimeformanystudents.Andatthetime,allshethoughtaboutwas:stress.Butitturnedouttobevertigo(眩暈)andlikelythefirstMSattack.Nicolecarriedonpreparingforherexams.Shesatwithoneeyeclosedtoimprovehervisionwhichwasdamagedfromhervertigoexperience.Thatwaswhenshedecidedtoactandheadbacktothedoctor’soffice.Shetooklo