高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單：虛擬語氣三大類13條用法（含答案及解析）

【口或書】專題19虛擬語氣三大類13條用法（清單）原卷版

目錄

虛擬語氣用法思維導(dǎo)圖PI

p2

考點清單一、if虛擬條件句六大典型用法i

考點清單二、從句謂語用“（should）+動詞原形”三正羹型場合~p3

p4

考點清單三、特殊句型中虛擬語氣四大用法

分類訓(xùn)練（一）單句填空（高考真題）

分類訓(xùn)練（二）單句填空（模擬試題）

分類訓(xùn)練（三）單句改錯（模擬試題）

分類訓(xùn)練（四）單項選擇40題（模擬試題）

分類訓(xùn)練（五）寫作升級（書面表達(dá)）

分類訓(xùn)練（六）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）

第12次北極科學(xué)考察揚帆起航

had+expected/hoped/supposedetc.------80.BBBHaaiinaaWaff---------------------IhadexpectedIwtxildpassthedrivingtest

考點清單一、if虛擬條件句六大典型用法

場合從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語形式

與現(xiàn)在事實相反動詞過去式（be用were）would/could/should/might+動詞原形

與過去事實相反had+動詞過去分詞would/could/should/mighthavedone

1.動詞過去式（be用were）

與將來事實相反2.wereto+動詞原形would/could/should/might+動詞原形

3.should+動詞原形

要點精講1:與現(xiàn)在W奉實相反，從句用一般過去時（be動詞用were）,主句用would/could+doo

例1：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.（事實上我現(xiàn)在沒有時間，不能去散步.）

例2：IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（事實上沒有人邀請我，我也不能去參加宴會.）

例3：IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.（事實上我沒有一百萬美圓，也不可能存在銀行）

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Sorry,Umtoobusynow.IfI（have）time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we（be）allright.

要點精講2:與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時，主句用would/could/mighthavedone。

例1：IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn,thavemadeamistake.

例2：Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn'thavehappened.

例3：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事。

快！14：Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.

如果你按照我的建議去做，你一定不會（不可能）考試不及格。

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

3.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship（sink）.

4.IftheWatergateIncident（occur）Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.

要點精講3:與將來事實相反,從句謂語三選一,：①一般過去時②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用woulddoo

例1：Ifitrained/weretoYain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.

例2：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/wouldgotoseemygrandmother.

如果明天是星期天，我就（可能）去看望我奶奶。

例3：Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.

如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。

例4：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.

例5：Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.

【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

5.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

6.Gracedoesn,twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe（live）there,shewouldn'tbe

abletoseeherparentsveryoften.

要點精講4:錯綜條件句，即主句和從句與不同時間相反，則根據(jù)主從句位置和事實區(qū)別對待對號入座。

例1：IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.

如果我是你，我就不會錯過昨天晚上那場音樂會。（從句說明現(xiàn)在的情況，主句說明過去的情況）

例2：Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,Iwouldn'tbesoworriednow.

如果你昨天告訴我這個消息，我現(xiàn)在就不會這么擔(dān)心了。（從句說明過去的情況，主句說明現(xiàn)在的情況）

例3：Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.

如果你現(xiàn)在猶豫不決，將來你會吃苦頭的。（從句說明現(xiàn)在的情況，主句說明將來的情況）

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

7.Ifit（be）forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

8.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he(be)abletospeakitmuchbetter

now.

要點精講5:if條件句若省略if,則把were/should/had提前到句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝句。

例1：HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.如果我當(dāng)時努力學(xué)習(xí)的話,我一定會成功的。

例2：Wereshemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.如果她是我的女兒,我就不讓她出國學(xué)習(xí)了。

例3：Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldneverbeagoodmanager.

要不是你的幫助，我永遠(yuǎn)也成不了一個好經(jīng)理。

【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

9.WhatwouldhavehappenedBobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?

10.hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

要點精講6:含蓄條件句，即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等詞，后面按主句對待。

例1：Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.

(=Ifyouhadn'tgivenmeadvice,Iwouldhavefailed.)如果不是你的建議,我會失敗的。

例2：Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn*thavesucceededanyway.

(二Ifyouhadn'thelpedme,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.)沒有你的幫助，我無論如何也不會成功。

例3：I'mreallybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygowithyou.

我確實太忙了，不然的話，我一定和你一起去。

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

11.We(put)John'snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.

12.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewellto

Arms.

考點清單二、從句謂語用“(should)+動詞原形”三大典型場合

要點精講1:一二三四類動詞(一堅持insist二命令order,command三建議advise,suggest,recommend四

要求demand,desire,require,request)接從句謂語用should+動詞原形，且should可以省略。但應(yīng)注意insist

表示“堅持說"，suggest表示“暗示，表明”時，后接賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語氣。

例1：Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftillnextweek.

仞！I2：Thedoctororderedthatthepatient(should)besenttohospitalwithoutdelay.

例3：Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

13.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild'sfirsteyeexam(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.

14.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe(have)a

medicalexamination.

15.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe(do)nothingwrongandthathe(set)free.

要點精講2:一二三四類動詞派生來的名詞(order,command,advice,suggestion,requirement等)后接從句，

該從句謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，且should可以省略。

例1：Weagreedtotheorderthatthetask(should)becompletedat5o'clock.

例2：Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

16.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.

17.Youradvicethat(stay)theretillnextweekisreasonable.

要點:3.Itisnecessary/strange/impossible?.that..從句謂語用should+動詞原形，且should可以省略。若從

句涉及已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作，則應(yīng)用shouldhavedoneo

例1：Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.

例2：It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

18.Itisadvisablethatyou(take)yourworkseriously,oritwon'tbelongbeforeyou'relaidoff.

19.Itisappropriatethatsometime(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.

考點清單三、特殊句型中虛擬語氣四大用法

要點精講1:Iwishthat…從句與過去、現(xiàn)在、將來事實相反，分另U用haddone,did,would/coulddo。

Iwish從句結(jié)構(gòu)示例

與現(xiàn)在事實相反一般過去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.

與過去事實相反過去完成式Hewishedhehadnotlostthechance.

與將來事實相反would+動詞原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.

例1：IwishthatIweretenyearsyounger.

快!J2：IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

20.一Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

-Iwishthey(notbe)alwayslate.

21.HowIwisheveryfamily(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!

要點精講2:ifonly表示“如果...該多好”，asif/though表示"好像”，從句虛擬用法同上。

例1：Helooksasifhewereanartist.

例2：Shelooksasifnothinghadhappenedtoher.

例3：IfonlyIhadseenthefilmwithJanelastnight.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

22.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit(break).

23.Don'thandlethevaseasifit(make)ofsteel.

24.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI(follow)youradvice.

要點精講3:Iwouldratherthat…從句與過去事實相反用過去完成時，與現(xiàn)在、將來相反用一般過去時。

例1：I'dratherthathehadgonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.

例2：Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldrat/ierthatwelefthimalone.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

25.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe(focus)moreonits

culture.

26.-Didyougotothepartylastnight?

-Yes,butFdratherI(go)there.Itwassoboring.

要點精講4:Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意為“早該...

例1：Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.

例2：Itisabouttimethatweshouldsetoutatonce.

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

27.Jackisagreattalker.It5shightimethathe(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.

28.It'shightimethatwe(commit)stothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.

分類訓(xùn)練(一)高考真題

在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

1.(2020江蘇)IfIhadn'tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I(notbe)whereIam.

2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey(accomplish)thetaskinhalf

thetime.

3.(2019江蘇)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe(have)agoodtimetogether.

4.(2018天津)Ifwe(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.

5.(2018江蘇)Ifsstrangethathehavetakenthebookswithouttheowner9spermission.

6.(2018江蘇)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI(have)asecondchancetobecome

moreinvolved.

7.(2018月匕京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey(drive)afewmorekilometers.

8.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.

9.(2017天津)——DoyouhaveBetty?sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I(be)abletoreachheryesterday.

10.(2017江蘇)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

分類訓(xùn)練(二)模擬試題

在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

11.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe(be)busy.

12.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe(see)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.

13.Thetimeisnotripe.I'dratheryou(not,say)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

14.wemadeagreateffortlastterm,wemighthavesucceeded.

15.1waswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwould(injure).

16.itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuRiver.

17.IfI(know)aboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.

18.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou(be)ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.

19.Withoutthedoctor*stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl(lose)herlife.

20.Itishightimethatwe(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.

分類訓(xùn)練(三)單句改錯

下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。

21.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.

22.ThemanagerproposedthatTomwasgivenanopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'drefusedtogothere.

23.IfonlyIlistenedtomyparents,Imighthavepassedthedrivingtest!

24.Theconferencewouldn'thavebesosuccessfulifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparation.

25.IfonlytherewassomemagicbuttonIcouldpushtotakeawaythesadnessinhereyes.

26.一Larry,suchmistakescouldhaveavoidedifyouhadbeenmorecareful.

一Sorry,sir.Illdobetternexttime.

27.1can'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheknowseverything.

28.1madethesuggestionthatshestucktotheplanshehadmade.

29.Itwasorderedthatnosmokingwasnotallowedinthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.

30.HowIwishIboughtthatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.

分類訓(xùn)練(四)單項選擇

1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,Iyouupattheairport.

A.wouldpickB.shouldhavepickedC.wouldhavepickedD.willhavepicked

2.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingout,soitishightimethatthegovernmentsomemeasuresto

protectendangeredanimals.

A.takeB.tookC.hastakenD.willtake

3.Weshowedupearlyandhadtowaittwohoursbeforetheceremonybegan.We.

A.shouldn'thurryB.needn'thavehurriedC.mustn'thavehurriedD.wouldn'thurry

4.Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwiseweyouahand.

A.gaveB.hadgivenC.wouldgiveD.wouldhavegiven

5.HowIwishIsomeonetoturntoforadvicewhenIwaspuzzled.

A.wouldhaveB.hadC.havehadD.hadhad

6.Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooksasifthey.

A.breakB.havebrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

7.Mysister\palefacesuggestedthatsheseriouslyill,andmyparentssuggestedthatshetoseethe

doctorimmediately.

A.was;goB.were;goC.be;wentD.was;went

8.1don'tthinkitisadvisablethatTomtothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A.willbeassignedB.beassignedC.shouldassignD.canbeassigned

9.MyprofessorrecommendedthatIclassicaltechniquefirsttoestablishsolidtechnicalskills.

A.shouldhavelearnedB.wouldlearnC.learnedD.learn

10.Ifyouafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.

A.hadcomeB.havecomeC.weretocomeD.shouldcome

11.hisphonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavecalledherup.

A.ShouldheknowB.WereItoknowC.HadIknownD.HaveIknown

12.Hewouldhavewrittenthemanageralettertoexpresshisthanksthismorning,buthe.

A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy

13.Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI'drathershemoreonits

education.

A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused

14.Butforyourgeneroushelp,wethetaskaheadoftime.

A.wouldnotfulfillB.wouldnothavefulfilled

C.wouldfulfillD.wouldhavefulfilled

15.Thespokesmandidnotregretwhathehadsaidattheconferencebutfeltthatheitindirectly.

A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed

16.Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatour

expense.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

17.itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.

A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will

18.Theprofessorinsistedthathissolutionmorepracticalandthatweitintopracticeassoonas

possible.

A.was;putB.was;mustputC.shouldbe;putD.shouldbe;put

19.Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatientnow.

A.willbealiveB.willhavebeenaliveC.wouldhavebeenaliveD.wouldbealive

20.---Lilylookshotanddrytoday.

--Soyouifyouhadsohighafever.

A.doB.areC.willD.would

21.—I'vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.

--ButFdratheryou.

A.didn'tB.hadn'tC.don'tD.wouldn't

22.Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatareaassoonaspossible.

A.mustimproveB.improveC.wasimprovedD.beimproved

23.LookatthesituationI'min.IfonlyIyouradviceearlier!

A.tookB.wouldtakeC.hadtakenD.shouldtake

24.Shemighthavebeenintimefortheinterview,butsheuplate.

A.gotB.hasgotC.wastogetD.hadgot

25."Themuseumisonlyfiveminutes5walk!Weshouldhavewalkedthere.

—Yes,ataxinecessaryatall.

A.wasn'tB.isn'tC.hadn'tbeenD.won'tbe

26.thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.

A.InspiteofB.BecauseofC.ButforD.Dueto

27.IfonlyIanumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.

A.tookB.shouldtakeC.hadtakenD.take

28.Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfIfree,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou.

A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.amD.were

29.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbackasearlyaspossible.

A.aresentB.besentC.willbesentD.shouldsend

30.HowIwishItorepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.

A.hadtriedB.hadn'ttriedC.havetriedD.didn'ttry

31.Ifhe_totheteacherattentivelyyesterday,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.

A.hadlistened;wouldhaveknownB.listened;wouldknow

C.listened;wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened;wouldknow

32.MysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflifetofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperlove

forthesechildren.

A.beencouragedB.areencouragedC.wereencouragedD.shouldencourage

33.1can'tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughheeverything.

A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown

34.Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_mehow.

A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach

35.Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone_hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have

36.Lindacouldn'thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifsheafewbooksonworldhistorybefore

hand.

A.hadn'treadB.hasn'treadC.wouldn'thavereadD.didn'tread

37.Tobefrank,ifitwerenotforthefactthatyouareliableperson,Iwouldnottakesuchpainstohelpyou.

A.wereB.areC.hadbeenD.havebeen

38.___whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknownB.IfIknowC.IfIknewD.IfhadIknown

39.Itisunbelievablethatsuchanexcellentfootballteam___havefailedinthefinals.

A.wouldB.mustC.shouldD.could

40.MydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreporttoMr.Brownwithoutdelay.

A.shouldemailB.emailedC.mustbeemailedD.bee-mailed

41.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?

一No,butIwishI.

A.willB.haveC.didD.had

42.Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalminesdowninhalfayear.

A.wouldbeclosedB.shouldbeclosedC.mustbeclosedD.wouldclose

43.theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily

A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor

44.一Youshouldhavefedthebirdsyesterday.一Sorry,Iallaboutit.

A.wasforgottenB.haveforgottenC.forgotD.forget

45.Ifyou_thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesosleepynow.

A.haven91watchedB.hadn'twatchedC.didn'twatchD.wouldn'thavewatched

分類訓(xùn)練（五）書面表達(dá)（句式升級）

1.如果我們過去做了很大努力的話，我們可能就獲得成功了。

2.如果他們當(dāng)時知道接下來會發(fā)生什么事情，他們有可能就會重新考慮了。

3.如果昨天晚上下了雨的話，今天就會非常涼爽了。

4.我們在那個小村莊迷了路，否則我們昨天就能參觀更多的名勝古跡了。

5.要不是因為船長的努力，我們就會連船帶人都沉沒了。

6.要是沒有英語老師的幫助，我就不會在英語演講比賽中獲得一等獎了。

7.她竟然嫁給這樣一個窮光蛋，真是太奇怪了。

8.他的沉默暗示他贊同我的決定。

9.我要是去車站送過她就好了，但我當(dāng)時太忙了。

10.到了他該上床睡覺的時候了。

11.我愿你下個星期天去。

12.那兩個新來的人聊天的樣子仿佛他們已經(jīng)相識多年了。

13.看看我的麻煩！要是我接受你的建議就好了！

14.如果我多等一分鐘、我就坐上汽車了。

15.“要是我當(dāng)初聽取了媽媽的建議該多好!”小女孩低聲對自己說。

（六）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）

第12次北極科學(xué)考察揚帆起航

IcebreakerresearchvesselsailsfromShanghaitoArcticonnewmission

|Updated:2021-07-1217:50

China's12thArcticexpeditionsetsailfromShanghaionJuly12,andisexpected](last)more

thantwomonths,accordingtotheMinistryofNaturalResources.TheministrysaidthattheXuelong2,orSnow

Dragon2,2(carry)scientistsandothercrewmembers,leftitshomeportinthecoastaleconomic

powerhouseonMondaymorning.

Themission3(task)withmonitoringoceanicandatmosphericphenomenaandobtaining

informationaboutmarinehydrology,weatherandbiologicalcycles.Itsfindingswillhelpimproveunderstanding

oftheArctic,andwillbeusedtorespondtoclimatechange4protecttheArcticecosystem.

Thisisthesecondtimethatthevessel-China'ssecondicebreakerandthefirst5(domestic)built

-hasundertakenanArcticexpedition.Xuelong2*sfirsttriptotheregionwas6mid-Julyandlate

Septemberlastyear,7ittookpartinthe11thArcticexpedition.

Chinanowhasaresearchstation8(name)Huanghe,intheArctic.ItalsocooperateswithIcelandon

operatingascienceobservatoryintheArctic.ChinahasmoreexperiencewithexploringAntarcticaandhasfour

research9(station)onthesouthernmostcontinent-Changcheng,Zhongshan,TaishanandKunlun-

and10(conduct)37expeditionstheresofar.

【口或書】專題19虛擬語氣三大類13條用法（清單）解析版

目錄

虛擬語氣用法思維導(dǎo)圖PI

考點清單一、if虛擬條件句六大典型用法P2

考點清單二、從句謂語用“（should）+動詞原形”三大英型場合P4

考點清單三、特殊句型中虛擬語氣四大用法P5

分類訓(xùn)練（一）單句填空（高考真題）P6

分類訓(xùn)練（二）單句填空（模擬試題）P6

分類訓(xùn)練（三）單句改錯（模擬試題）P8

分類訓(xùn)練（四）單項選擇40題（模擬試題）P8

分類訓(xùn)練（五）寫作升級（書面表達(dá)）P11

分類訓(xùn)練（六）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）P12

第12次北極科學(xué)考察揚帆起航P12

had+expected/hoped/supposedetc-------耐買碘iasagaift-------IhadexpectedIwouldpassthedriving

考點清單一、if虛擬條件句六大典型用法

場合從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語形式

與現(xiàn)在事實相反動詞過去式（be用were）would/could/should/might+動詞原形

與過去事實相反had+動詞過去分詞would/could/should/mighthavedone

1.動詞過去式（be用were）

與將來事實相反2.wereto+動詞原形would/could/should/might+動詞原形

3.should+動詞原形

要點精講1:與現(xiàn)在W奉實相反，從句用一般過去時（be動詞用were）,主句用would/could+doo

例1：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事實上我現(xiàn)在沒有時間，不能去散步.)

例2：IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.(事實上沒有人邀請我，我也不能去參加宴會.)

例3：IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.(事實上我沒有一百萬美圓，也不可能存在銀行)

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Sorry,Umtoobusynow.IfI(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we________(be)allright.

【答案與解析】'一

1.hado語境暗示從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是had。

2.wouldbeo語境暗示主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，應(yīng)用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。

要點精講2:與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時，主句用would/could/mighthavedone。

例1：IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn'thavemadeamistake.

例2：Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn'thavehappened.

例3：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你問起這件事。

例4：Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.

如果你按照我的建議去做，你一定不會(不可能)考試不及格。

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

3.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).

4.IftheWatergateIncident(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.

【答案與解析】

3.wouldn9thavesunko結(jié)合語境主從句與過去事實相反，主句應(yīng)用wouldhavedone,且是否定形式。故

答案是wouldnUhavesunko

4.hadn'toccurredo結(jié)合語境主從句均與過去事實相反，從句應(yīng)用haddone,且是否定含義。故答案是

hadn'toccurredo

要點精講3:與將來事實相反,從句謂語三選一,：①一般過去時②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用woulddoo

例1：Ifitrained/weretoYain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.

例2：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/wouldgotoseemygrandmother.

如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。

例3：Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.

如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。

例4：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.

例5：Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.

【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

5.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifitbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

6.Gracedoesn,twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe(live)there,shewouldn'tbe

abletoseeherparentsveryoften.

【答案與解析】

3.shouldo結(jié)合語境從句與將來事實相反，應(yīng)用“should+動詞原形”。故答案是should。

4.lived/shouldlive/weretoliveo結(jié)合語境從句與將來事實相反，從句謂語三選一：①一般過去時②wereto

do③shoulddoo故答案是lived/shouldlive/weretolive。

要點精講4:錯綜條件句，即主句和從句與不同時間相反，則根據(jù)主從句位置和事實區(qū)別對待對號入座。

例1：IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.

如果我是你，我就不會錯過昨天晚上那場音樂會。(從句說明現(xiàn)在的情況，主句說明過去的情況)

例2：Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,Iwouldn'tbesoworriednow.

如果你昨天告訴我這個消息，我現(xiàn)在就不會這么擔(dān)心了。(從句說明過去的情況，主句說明現(xiàn)在的情況)

例3：Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.

如果你現(xiàn)在猶豫不決，將來你會吃苦頭的。(從句說明現(xiàn)在的情況，主句說明將來的情況)

【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

7.Ifit(