動(dòng)名詞的用法講解

Fillintheblackwiththerightformof“swim”

Myfavoritesportis_________.ThoughI’mnotgoodat________,Ikeeponpracticing________everysummer.Asweallknow,________isgoodforourhealth.Besides,ithelpsshapethebody.However,________inriverisquitedangerous.Itisreportedthatmanypeoplediedbecauseof________intheriverthissummer.What’smore,theriverispollutednow.HowIhopethatIcanhavea________poolofmyown!swimmingswimmingswimmingswimmingswimmingswimmingswimming2021/6/271Grammar動(dòng)名詞的用法Gerund2021/6/272動(dòng)名詞的用法1）做主語(yǔ)

Doing+V.+…nousenogoodnotanyusenotanygooduselessThereisno+doing…

It’s++doing2021/6/273E.g.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk

.

覆水難收。

Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.

學(xué)而不實(shí)踐是沒(méi)好處的。Itisuselesstalkingaboutitwithhim.

和他談這件事是沒(méi)用的。

It’sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.辯論這事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間2021/6/274"Thereisno…”句式來(lái)表示.E.g.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.

這種事開不得玩笑。

Thereisnolitteringabout.

不許亂扔雜物。Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.歷史車輪不可阻擋。2021/6/2752)作表語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)…S.+be+doing…

e.g.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Herjobis

lookingaftertheold.Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.

他們的任務(wù)是在西部探查油礦。注意：這時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)可以互換位置2021/6/2763)作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般前置，與所修飾的名詞間沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表用途。readingroom閱覽室swimmingpool游泳池diningcar餐車

singingcompetition歌詠比賽waitingroom候車室2021/6/277注：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:awalking

sticka

swimming

poolasleepingcar區(qū)別thewalking

mantheswimminggirlthesleepingboy動(dòng)名詞修飾名詞表示名詞的功能現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞表示該名詞所處的狀態(tài)2021/6/2784)作賓語(yǔ)verb/短語(yǔ)+doing

avoid,admit,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practice,resist,risk,suggest,understandbeworthcan’thelpcan’tstandfeellikegiveupputoff2021/6/279Manypeopleenjoysunbathingonthebeachinsummer.夏季，很多人喜歡在沙灘日光浴。Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.

我建議用另一種方法做這件事。He'snotverywell;hedoesn'tfeellikeeating.他不太舒服，吃不下。ShepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.2021/6/2710Prep+doinglookforwardto（渴望，盼望）,beproudof（以…自豪）beresponsiblefor（對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)）,insiston（堅(jiān)持）thinkof（考慮，想到）

dreamof（夢(mèng)想）objectto（反對(duì)，抗議）

prevent…from（防止，阻止）keep…from（防止，阻止）

stop…from（防止，阻止）beengagedin（從事于）

dependon（依靠，依賴）

excuse…for（因…而道歉）

aimat（目的在于）devote…to（獻(xiàn)身于）

setabout（著手做）be/getusedto（習(xí)慣于）

befondof（喜歡）beafraidof（害怕）

betiredof（對(duì)……厭煩）succeedin（成功地做）

beashamedof（對(duì)…感到羞愧）

2021/6/2711e.g.①Shesattherewithoutspeaking. ②Ilookforwardtoseeinghimagain.③Areyouusedtolivingtherealone?④Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.⑤Hewasbusypreparinghislessons.2021/6/2712注意：

（1）有些動(dòng)詞后面，如forget,remember,stop,try,mean,regret、goon等，既可跟動(dòng)名詞也可跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但是意義不一樣。forgetregretremember

tododoing

將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作2021/6/2713goondoinggoontodo

stopdoingstoptodomeandoingmeantodo

繼續(xù)做同一件事情繼續(xù)做另一件事情停止做某事停下來(lái)做另一件事意味著做某事打算做某事2021/6/2714trydoingtrytodo

beusedtodoingbeusedtodocan'thelpdoingcan'thelptodo

試著做某事努力做某事習(xí)慣做某事被用來(lái)做某事情不自禁做某事不能幫助做某事2021/6/2715Heforgotpayingforthebook.他忘了曾經(jīng)付了買書的錢。(他付過(guò)錢了)Heforgottopayforthebook.他忘了去付買書的錢。(他沒(méi)有付過(guò)錢)Stoptalking.(停止說(shuō)話)IstoppedtotalkwithTom.（停下正在做的事開始去說(shuō)話）2021/6/2716(2)在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用動(dòng)名詞和用不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可，意義沒(méi)有多大區(qū)別。2021/6/2717needwantrequireThewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning／tobecleaned．

doingtobedone(3)2021/6/2718Yourcarneedsfilling.你這車要充氣了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.這座城市值得光顧一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要認(rèn)真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.這些樹需要澆水了。2021/6/2719(4)在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則構(gòu)成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名詞／代詞＋不定式（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）”之形式。如：

Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．

Wedon‘tallowanybodytosmokehere．

advisedoingsth.advisesb.todosth.2021/6/2720

動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：one’s/onedoing1).物主代詞/名詞所有格+動(dòng)名詞

在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):e.g.

Mary’scoming

latemadeherteacherangry.Idon’tmindyouropeningthewindow.2).人稱代詞賓格/名詞+動(dòng)名詞在句中作賓