2024-北京高考英語真題

下載后可任意編輯2024年高考英語真題卷（北京卷）一、單項(xiàng)填空1.（2024?北京）—Hi,I'mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven'tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I'mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.A.

start

B.

havestarted

C.

started

D.

hadstarted2.（2024?北京）_________wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.A.Although

B.While

C.If

D.Until3.（2024?北京）_________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.A.

Travel

B.

Traveling

C.

Havingtraveled

D.

Traveled4.（2024?北京）Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.A.

isworking

B.

wasworking

C.

hasworked

D.

hadworked5.（2024?北京）Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.A.

which

B.

who

C.

as

D.

that6.（2024?北京）DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.A.

share

B.

toshare

C.

havingshared

D.

shared7.（2024?北京）China'shigh-speedrailways_________from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.A.

aregrowing

B.

havegrown

C.

willgrow

D.

hadgrown8.（2024?北京）Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.A.press

B.topress

C.pressing

D.pressed9.（2024?北京）Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.A.

aretrapping

B.

havebeentrapped

C.

weretrapping

D.

hadbeentrapped10.（2024?北京）Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.A.

used

B.

touse

C.

using

D.

use11.（2024?北京）Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe_________wearenow.A.

how

B.

when

C.

where

D.

why12.（2024?北京）Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.A.need

B.should

C.can

D.must13.（2024?北京）Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.A.

drove

B.

woulddrive

C.

weretodrive

D.

haddriven14.（2024?北京）—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee'soffice.—Goodmorning.I'dliketomakeanappointment_________nextWednesdayafternoon.A.

for

B.

on

C.

in

D.

at15.（2024?北京）Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.A.

how

B.

which

C.

that

D.

what二、完形填空16.（2024?北京）完形填空TheHomelessHero

Formany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource（來源）oftemptation（誘惑）.Butthe1

wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith2

moreremarkable.

Afterspottinga3

onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe4

toreturn.

Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he5

insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact（聯(lián)系）thedriver,onlyto6

itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.

Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter7

anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar'sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth￡35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere8

tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas9.

ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis10.

Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn'tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight11

hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand12

hedidn'ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers13.It'sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare14

guysoutthere.＂

Mr.Smith'sact15

muchofthepublic'sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson16

abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.

NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto17

moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown18

himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he'shadjob19

andallsorts,＂Mr.Andersoncommented.

ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelife-changing20.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.1.A.hopeB.aimC.urgeD.effort2.A.stillB.evenC.everD.once3.A.walletB.bagC.boxD.parcel4.A.partnerB.colleagueC.ownerD.policeman5.A.turnedB.hidC.steppedD.reached6.A.discoverB.collectC.checkD.believe7.A.takingB.leavingC.readingD.writing8.A.satisfiedB.excitedC.amusedD.shocked9.A.safeB.missingC.foundD.seen10.A.serviceB.supportC.kindnessD.encouragement11.A.whenB.ifC.whereD.because12.A.ratherB.yetC.alreadyD.just13.A.tooB.thoughC.againD.instead14.A.honestB.politeC.richD.generous15.A.gaveB.paidC.castD.drew16.A.learnedB.postedC.caredD.heard17.A.borrowB.raiseC.saveD.earn18.A.ofB.atC.forD.in19.A.detailsB.changesC.offersD.applications20.A.lessonB.adventureC.chanceD.challenge三、閱讀理解17.（2024?北京）閱讀理解A

MyFirstMarathon（馬拉松）

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂.

TheideathatIwas＂notathletic＂stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋帶)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:＂GOFORIT,RUNNERS!＂

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標(biāo)簽),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂.（1）Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor____________.A.

waswelltrained

B.

feltscared

C.

madeuphismindtorun

D.

losthope（2）WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?A.

Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.

Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.

Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.

Toshareapreciousmemory.（3）Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?A.

Hemadeit.

B.

Hequithalfway.

C.

Hegotthefirstprize.

D.

Hewalkedtotheend.（4）Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.

Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.

Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.

Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.

Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.18.（2024?北京）閱讀理解B

FindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)Center

Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.

Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey'restudyingintheclassroom.

Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(榮譽(yù)徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模擬)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(駕駛艙)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof＂downed＂pilot.

Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.

Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.

Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!

Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineat.（1）WhydopeoplecometoSAC?A.

Toexperienceadventures.

B.

Tolookforjobsinaviation.

C.

Togetadegreeinengineering.

D.

Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.（2）ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto

.A.

flytospace

B.

getanAviationbadgefirst

C.

studytheprinciplesofflight

D.

buildandfiremodelrockets（3）Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?A.

Leadership.

B.

Teamspirit.

C.

Taskplanning.

D.

Survivalskills.19.（2024?北京）閱讀理解C

Plastic-EatingWorms

Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.

ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2024.

FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂

JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?

Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A.

Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.

B.

Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.

C.

Theycanconsumeplastics.

D.

Theywindupinlandfills.（2）AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto

.A.

identifyothermeansofthebreakdown

B.

findoutthesourceoftheenzyme

C.

confirmtheresearchfindings

D.

increasethebreakdownspeed（3）Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight

.A.

helptoraiseworms

B.

helpmakeplasticbags

C.

beusedtocleantheoceans

D.

beproducedinfactoriesinfuture（4）Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.

Toexplainastudymethodonworms.

B.

Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.

C.

Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.

D.

Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.20.（2024?北京）閱讀理解D

PreparingCitiesforRobotCars

Thepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫車)services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(責(zé)任與維護(hù)問題).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.（1）Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A.

helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.

providebetterservicestocustomers

C.

causedamagetoourenvironment

D.

makesomepeoplelosejobs（2）Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?A.

Safety.

B.

Sideeffects.

C.

Affordability.

D.

Management.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂fielded＂inParagraph4probablymean?A.

Employed.

B.

Replaced.

C.

Shared.

D.

Reduced.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?A.

Doubtful.

B.

Positive.

C.

Disapproving.

D.

Sympathetic.四、任務(wù)型閱讀21.（2024?北京）任務(wù)型閱讀WhyDoWeGetAngry?

Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering（觸發(fā)）events,personalitytraits（特征）,andourassessmentofsituations.________

Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.________

Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone'spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.

Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.________

Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.

________Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消極的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.

________However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.

A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.

B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.

C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.

D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.

E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.

F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.

G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.五、書面表達(dá)22.（2024?北京）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化感興趣，計(jì)劃明年來北京上大學(xué)。他向你咨詢相關(guān)信息。請給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1）表示歡迎；

2）推舉他上哪所大學(xué)；

3）建議他做哪些準(zhǔn)備工作。

注意：1）詞數(shù)不少于50；

2）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearJim,

________

Yours,

LiHua23.（2024?北京）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述你們上周接待外國學(xué)生，帶領(lǐng)他們體驗(yàn)中國茶文化的全過程。

注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。

答案解析部分單項(xiàng)填空1.C2.C3.B4.B5.A6.B7.B8.A9.D10.A11.C12.C13.D14.A15.D二、完形填空16.（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）A；（12）B；（13）D；（14）A；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）D；（19）C；（20）C；三、閱讀理解17.（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B18.（1）A（2）D（3）B19.（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C20.（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B四、任務(wù)型閱讀21.F；G；E；A；D五、書面表達(dá)22.DearJim,

I'msogladtohearyourfutureeducationplaninBeijinginyourlastletter.FirstIwouldliketoexpressmywarmestwelcometoyouandIamsureyouwillhavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.

LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.ItsChineseLiteraturemajorisperfectforyouwhereyoucanbecompletelysoakedinChineseprofoundhistoryandrichculture.Asforpreparation,somereadinginadvanceinneededlikeTheStoryoftheStonewhilesomeonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageenvironment.

Isincerelyhopeyourdreamwillcometrueandit'smypleasuretoshowyouaroundinBeijingwhenthatdaycomes.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoletmeknow.

Yours,

LiHua23.

Lastweek,wetooktheforeignstudentsinourschooltoexperiencetheauthenticteaculture,whichturnedoutbetoextremelyrewarding.

Onarrivingattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereimpressedbytheuniqueteapotsandteacups.Igavethemavividandinformativeintroductionofteaculture,includingitsprofoundhistory,itsrichvariety,andtheexquisitecraftsmanshipofmakingteawiththeirinterestgreatlysparked,Ithenbegantoteachthemhowtomaketea.

Inordertodeliveraclearpresentation,Islowlyexplainedthetraditionalprocedureofmakingteaindet