新教材適用2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Sharing學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)新人教版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit4學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)(時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分)選擇題部分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatworriesthewoman?AA．Theexam. B．Herillness.C．Lackofassistance.2.Howlongwillthepartylast?BA．1.5hours. B．2hours.C．2.5hours.3.Whatwouldprobablybethewoman'sfavoritewaytotravel?CA．Drivingacar.B．Takinganairplane.C．Takingahigh-speedtrain.4.Wherearethetwospeakersprobably?BA．Inaclassroom.B．Inabookstore.C．Inalibrary.5.WhatdidDick'sparentsdo?BA．Theywethisbook.B．Theyrejectedhisplan.C．Theytraveledabroad.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?AA．Toomanyadsforkids.B．Theexpensivetoys.C．Theunpleasantjunkfood.7.Whydoesthewomanthinktheadisimportantatlast?CA．Herkidsaren'tinfluencedbythead.B．Hercompanymakesmoneyfromthead.C．Theadcanattractpeople'sattention.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?AA．Tocancelanappointment.B．Toextendaninvitation.C．Tobookacourt.9.Howwilltheweatherbethisafternoon?CA．Warm. B．Windy.C．Cold.10.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?BA．Playtennis. B．Takeanexam.C．Seeadoctor.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?CA．Doctorandpatient.B．Motherandson.C．Husbandandwife.12.What'sthematterwiththeman?BA．Heisseriouslyill.B．He'scaughtacold.C．Hedislikeshisjob.13.Whatwillthemandonext?AA．Breatheinthesteam.B．Callhissecretary.C．Drinkhotwater.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wherearethespeakers?BA．Inarestaurant.B．Onafilmset.C．Inastudio.15.Whattimedidthespeakershavebreakfast?AA．At8∶00a．m.B．At9∶00a．m.C．At10∶00a．m.16．Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthedirector?CA．Excited. B．Worried.C．Annoyed.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howlongdoping-pongtablesopentothepubliceveryday?AA．Ninehours. B．Tenhours.C．Elevenhours.18.WheredidWangChenteachwithoutpropertables?BA．Inthepark. B．Inthechurch.C．Intheclub.19.Whatdoweknowaboutping-pongfromthistalk?AA．Itcanhelpwithdepression.B．Itisrelativelydangerous.C．Itisonlyagameofstrengthorspeed.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?BA．Thefoundingofatabletennisclub.B．ThedevelopmentoftabletennisintheUnitedStates.C．Thebenefitsofplayingtabletennis.聽力原文Text1M：Youseemtobeinlowspirits.Why?W：Havingbeenillforseveralweeks,Imightfailtheexam.M：MaybeIcanhelpyou.Text2W：Whenwillthepartybeover?M：It'ssupposedtoendat10∶00p．m.,butasitstartedat8∶30p．m.,halfanhourlaterthanscheduled,itwon'tbreakupuntil10∶30p．m.Text3M：I'vebeenscaredtotravelbyplaneeversinceIwasakid.Ilovedriving,though.W：Iagreeaboutflying.It'ssoinconvenienttodriverlongdistances,though.M：Ibetareallyfasttrainwouldbethebestalternative.W：Yes,thatwouldbeperfect!Text4M：I'llansweryourquestionassoonasIfinishpackingupthebooksforhim.W：OK.I'llhavealookatyournewbooksfirst.Text5W：IsDickstillplanningtotravelabroad?M：No,hisparentsthrewcoldwateronhisplan.Text6W：Look！Therearesomanyads.It'sterriblehowadvertisersaregoingafterkids.M：They'rejustdoingtheirjob,marketingtothepeoplewhowillbringthemalotofmoney.W：Buttoyadsandjunkfoodadsarebroadcast!M：Adsaresomethingunpleasantthatcan'tbeavoided.W：Butdon'tyouthinkit'swrongtocontrolyoungviewerswiththeseads？Aren'ttheymoresusceptibletofalseadvertising?M：Shh！That'sourcompany'sad.Itreallygetsyourattention,doesn'tit?W：Yeah,it'simportant.Text7M：Hello,thisisDanielspeaking.IsthatLucy?W：Yes.Howiseverythinggoing,Daniel?M：Notverywell.I'vegotacoldandcoughedalot.Thedoctortoldmeit'sbesttostayathome.ThatiswhyI'mcallingyou.W：Butwe'vemadeanappointmenttoplaytennisthisafternoon.Ihavebookedatenniscourt.M：Iknow,butI'mafraidthatIreallycan'tmakeit.Itiswarmnow,buttheforecastcallsforasharpdropintemperaturethisafternoon.W：Really?M：Yes.Idon'twantmyconditiontoworsen，becausethereisanimportantexamtomorrow.I'mterriblysorry，Lucy.W：Well,nevermind.Ihopeyouwillrecoversoon.Text8W：Timetogetup，Mike.M：I'mnotfeelingwell，dear.W：Oh，what'swrong?M：IthinkI'vegotacold.W：ShallIphoneandtellyoursecretaryyou'renotgoingtoworktoday?M：Yes,please.AndtellherIwillbebacktomorrow.W：OK,Iwillcallherlater.ButnowIwillgetsomeboiledwaterforyouandputsomethinginthewaterthat'lldoyoualotofgood.M：Thanks,dear.W：Waterisready.Putyournoseabovethewaterandtakeadeepbreath.Thiswillmakeyoufeelbetter.M：I'llhaveatry.Text9W：Whereisthedirector？Thisisthethirdtimehe'sbeenlatethisweek.M：Ifheisnothere，tellthecrewtobreakforlunch.W：Butit'sbarely10∶00a．m.Weonlyhadbreakfasttwohoursago.M：Iknow,butthatwillbuyanhourforus.I'llcontactthestudiotoseeiftheyknowwhereheis.W：Tellthemtheyshouldfirehimandyoushouldtakeover.M：I'mjusttheassistantdirector.Idon'twanttodirectthismovie.W：Butifyoustepforwardandshowyourleadership,thestudiowillnoticethatandgiveyouafilmyoudowant.M：Ihadn'tthoughtofitlikethat，butyou'reright.Text10M：OneofthespecialfeaturesatBryantParkisping-pongtablesopentothepublicfrom11∶00a．m.to8∶00p．m.everyday.Thesign-upsheetcangouptoseveralpages,andparticipantsoftenhavetowaitfor20to30minutes.WhenWangChen,aformerChinesenationalathletecametotheUnitedStatesin2000,thesportwasnotsopopular.AndWangChenTableTennisClub，whichopenedin2004，emphasizesprofessionaltrainingfortabletennisasasport.Itwas“extremelyhard”tofindaplacetoplayping-pong,andshehadtodrivetwohoursormorejusttofindsomewheretopractice.Whenshecouldn'tfindanywheretoplay，shewouldpracticeintheneighbor'sbasementwithamateurs,Wangsays.Duetothelackofpropertables，Wangtaughtinchurches，basementsandbars.Now，ping-pongtableshaveappearedinbars,parks,communitycentersandclubs.Peoplestarttorealizethatping-pong,asarelativelysafesport,isbeneficialtotheeyesandbrainwithouttheriskofgettinghurt.OneofWang'sstudentshasdoneastudytoprovethatping-ponghelpswithmentalissuessuchasdepressionandAlzheimer's.Ping-pongisnotsimplyagameofstrengthorspeed,itincludesobservationandstrategy,andcanbedescribedasamindgameaswellasasport,addsWang.其次部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2024·甘肅省酒泉市一模)GetinvolvedwithourresearchSomeofourresearchprojectsdependonhowgenerouspeoplelikeyouare.Whetherit'susingyourhomePC,takingpartinamedicalexperimentorsimplyvolunteeringyourtimeforastudy,youmaybeabletohelpsomeofthecreativeprojectswhichmaketheUniversityofOxfordaworldleaderinresearch.Watchthisspaceforwaysinwhichyoucouldgetinvolved.SeekingpoorsleepersforsleeplessnessresearchTroublesleeping?Wearelookingforpoorsleepersbetweentheagesof18and65.TheactivitywillinvolvespendingovernightsinthesleeplaboratoryatOxford,testingyoursleep/wakecycle,andcompletingthetasksonthecomputer.Ifyouareinterested,pleasecontacttheresearchteamatsleeplessness@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.Volunteerswithlazyeye(弱視)wantedWearelookingforvolunteersaged18-45withahistoryoflazyeyetotakepartinourbrainscanning(掃描)study.YouwillalsobeaskedquestionsaboutyourmedicalhistorytocheckifyouaresuitableforanMRI(核磁共振)scan.Call01865223622formoreinformation.OxfordVaccine(疫苗)GroupTheOxfordVaccineGroupisanindependentmedicalexperimentgroup.OVGworkstowardsthegoalofdevelopingnewandimprovedvaccinesforthepreventionofinfectioninadultsandchildren.Togetmoreinformation,pleaseseetheOVGwebsite.OxfordexperimentallabfortheSocialSciencesTheOxfordInternetInstitute,togetherwiththeBusinessSchool,needssomepeopletoparticipateincomputer-basedexperimentsinvolvingonlinesurfingbehavioraswellassomethingabouteconomyandpolitics.Wetreatoursubjectswell,therearenospecialskillsrequiredandyoudon'thavetocometothelabinperson.Contactusatsocialscience.study@ox.ac.ukformoreinformation.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾項(xiàng)須要志愿者的探討項(xiàng)目的具體信息、要求和參與方式等。21.Howcanyougetmoreinformationabouttheproject“Volunteerswithlazyeyewanted”？AA．Bycalling01865223622.B．ByseeingtheOVGwebsite.C．Bysurfingthewebsite:sleeplessness@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.D．Byreferringtothewebsite:socialscience.study@ox.ac.uk.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Volunteerswithlazyeye(弱視)wanted部分的“Call01865223622formoreinformation.(查詢?cè)斍檎?qǐng)致電01865223622。)”可知，致電01865223622就能得到更多關(guān)于“Volunteerswithlazyeyewanted”項(xiàng)目的更多的信息。故選A。22.Whatshouldyoudoifyouvolunteerforsleeplessnessresearch?B①Haveyourbrainscanned.②Finishthetasksonthecomputer.③Haveyoursleep/wakecycletested.④Spendovernightsinthesleeplaboratory.⑤Answerquestionsaboutyoursurfingbehavior.A．③④⑤ B．②③④C．②④⑤ D．①④⑤解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Seekingpoorsleepersforsleeplessnessresearch部分的“TheactivitywillinvolvespendingovernightsinthesleeplaboratoryatOxford,testingyoursleep/wakecycle,andcompletingthetasksonthecomputer.(這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)包括在牛津高校的睡眠試驗(yàn)室過(guò)夜，測(cè)試你的睡眠/醒悟周期，并在電腦上完成任務(wù)。)”可知，假如你自愿參與失眠探討，你要在睡眠試驗(yàn)室過(guò)夜，測(cè)試你的睡眠/醒悟周期，完成電腦上的任務(wù)，即②③④。故選B。23.Whatwillbeinvolvedintheproject“OxfordexperimentallabfortheSocialSciences”？DA．Medicalhistory.B．Examiningyoureyes.C．Vaccinesforpreventionofinfection.D．Financeandpolitics.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)OxfordexperimentallabfortheSocialSciences部分的第一句(牛津高校互聯(lián)網(wǎng)探討所(OxfordInternetInstitute)和商學(xué)院(BusinessSchool)須要一些人參與基于電腦的試驗(yàn)，涉及網(wǎng)上沖浪行為以及經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治方面的內(nèi)容。)”可知，“牛津社會(huì)科學(xué)試驗(yàn)室”項(xiàng)目將涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治。故選D。B(2024·廣州市鐵一中學(xué)高二期末)As17-year-oldNorwooddrovethroughFlorida,lastFebruary,thelaughterandchatterfromthefourteenagegirlsinsidehercarquicklygavewaytoscreams.Astheyapproachedanintersection,anothercarT-bonedthem,sendingtheircarsailingintotheyardofanearbyhome,comingtoastoponlywhenitcrashedintoatree.Assmokerosefromthecar,abystandershouted,“It'sabouttoexplode!Getout！”Shaken,butotherwiseOK,Norwoodcrawledoutthroughthewindowasthedriver'ssidedoorcouldn'tbeopened.Alongwithtwoofherfriends,who'dalsomanagedtofreethemselves,sheranforherlife.Buthalfwaydownthestreet,sherealizedthatherbestfriend,Simmons,wasn'twiththem.NorwoodranbackandfoundSimmonsunconsciousinthebackseat.Shethrewopenthebackdoorandpulledherfriendout.ShedraggedSimmonsafewfeettosafetyandlaidherontheground.Aftercheckingherpulseandfoundtherewasnosignoflife,shestartedCPR.Hadtheaccidenthappenedafewweeksearlier,shemightnothaveknownwhattodo.Butjustthedaybefore,Norwood,whowantedtopursueacareerinmedicine,hadearnedherCPRcertificatebylearningonherown.Kneelingonthegroundandlookingdownatherdyingfriend,Norwoodknewshehadpreciouslittletimetopracticewhatshe'dlearned.ShestartedpumpingSimmons'schestwithherinterlockedfingersandbreathingintoherfriend'smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.Afterquiteawhile,Simmonsbegancoughingandtakingquickdeepbreathsforair.TheCPRhadworked!Soon,theambulancearrivedandrushedSimmonstothehospital.Andthensheheardhowherbestfriendhadsavedherlife.“Iwasn'tshocked，”Simmonstoldothers.“Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了發(fā)生車禍后，17歲的Norwood利用自己所學(xué)的心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)剛好救助摯友的故事。24.Whatcausedthecarcrash?DA．Thegirlsweretooexcitedtonoticeanothercar.B．Norwooddrovethecartooquicklythatday.C．Norwood'scarcrashedintoatreeinayard.D．AnothercarhitNorwood'scarneartheintersection.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的最終一句(當(dāng)他們接近一個(gè)十字路口時(shí)，另一輛車撞上了他們，把他們的車撞進(jìn)了旁邊一戶人家的院子，直到撞到一棵樹時(shí)才停下來(lái)。)可知，另一輛車在十字路口旁邊撞上了Norwood的車，才導(dǎo)致的車禍。故選D。25.What'sNorwood'simmediatereactionafterhearingthebystander'swarning？BA．Shecrawledoutthroughthewindowandlookedforherfriends.B．Sheranforherlifebutturnedbacktosaveherfriend.C．ShedraggedherfriendsoutandperformedCPRatonce.D．Sheopenedthedriver'ssidedoorandpulledherfriendout.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知，聽到旁觀者的警告后，Norwood的馬上反應(yīng)是：舍命逃命，但又轉(zhuǎn)身去救她的摯友。故選B。26.WhydidNorwoodknowhowtoperformCPR?BA．ShehadlearnedCPRinschoolclasses.B．ShejustreceivedherCPRcertificate.C．Thebystandertoldherhowtodoit.D．Shepursuedacareerinmedicine.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Butjustthedaybefore,Norwood,whowantedtopursueacareerinmedicine,hadearnedherCPRcertificatebylearningonherown.(但就在前一天，想要從事醫(yī)學(xué)職業(yè)的Norwood通過(guò)自學(xué)獲得了CPR證書。)”可知，因?yàn)镹orwood剛拿到心肺復(fù)蘇證書，所以她會(huì)做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)。故選B。27.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?AA．BreathofLifeB．AFrighteningNightC．PowerofKnowledgeD．AnAdmirableGirl.解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。全文講了Norwood在開車遭受車禍后，冒著車子爆炸的危急救出已經(jīng)沒(méi)有氣息的摯友，并用自己的急救學(xué)問(wèn)為摯友施行心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)挽回其生命的故事，故A選項(xiàng)(生命的呼息)為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。C(2024·遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市二模)Peoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganresearchersshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople'smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn'tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit'sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit'sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it'sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson'smainmotive”．語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。探討表明，我們做志愿者的動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)影響我們的健康。28.Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyfind?DA．Howwevolunteermakessensetoothers.B．Howoftenwevolunteermakesadifference.C．Whetherwevolunteerdecidesourwell-being.D．Whywevolunteerhasanimpactonourhealth.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段(探討表明，賜予的人更長(zhǎng)壽。現(xiàn)在，密歇根高校探討人員的一項(xiàng)新探討表明，真正重要的是人們?yōu)槭裁匆鲋驹刚撸皇撬麄兪欠褡鲋驹刚摺?可知，新探討主要發(fā)覺(jué)了我們做志愿者的緣由會(huì)影響我們的健康。故選D。29.Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch？CA．Bydoingexperiments.B．Throughfieldresearch.C．Byanalyzingstatistics.D．Throughgroupdiscussion.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次中“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.(在這項(xiàng)探討中，Konrath和他的同事分析了2008年和2012年收集的數(shù)據(jù)，目標(biāo)是3376人的隨機(jī)樣本。)”可知，探討者是通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)探討的。故選C。30.Whichofthefollowingmotiveswillprobablycontributetoalongerlife？BA．Todevelopabilities.B．TohelpthepoorpeopleC．Tomakemorefriends.D．Tosolvepersonalproblems.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“theyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive(他們發(fā)覺(jué)，人們對(duì)諸如憐憫須要幫助的人等這樣的緣由評(píng)價(jià)越重要，他們活更久的可能性就越大)”可推知，幫助那些窮人可能有助于長(zhǎng)壽。故選B。31.Whatisthelastparagraph'sfunction?BA．Toofferpracticalsuggestionsonthefurtherstudies.B．Togivefurtherexplanationofthecurrentfindings.C．Toraiseareasonabledoubtabouttheresearchresults.D．Toshowpotentialapplicationsoftheresearchmethods.解析：推理推斷題。本段說(shuō)明了假如以獲得好處為主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)而進(jìn)行志愿者活動(dòng)，志愿者服務(wù)的潛在健康好處就會(huì)大大降低，也就是對(duì)第一段提出的發(fā)覺(jué)：做志愿者的緣由影響我們的健康，做出進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。故選B。D(2024·全國(guó)新高考Ⅰ卷)Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers？Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”，weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對(duì)齊),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu)),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.“Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution，”saidStevenMoran，amemberoftheresearchteam.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹人類語(yǔ)音的演化與人類的飲食改變之間的關(guān)聯(lián)探討。32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi'sresearchfocuson?DA．Itsvariety. B．Itsdistribution.C．Itsquantity. D．Itsdevelopment.解析：推理推斷題。題干問(wèn)的是“DamiánBlasi的探討集中在人類語(yǔ)音的哪個(gè)方面？”，依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知，DamiánBlasi的探討集中在語(yǔ)音的發(fā)展。故選D。33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?CA．Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B．Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C．Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.D．Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.解析：推理推斷題。題干問(wèn)的是“為什么古代成年人很難產(chǎn)生唇齒音？”，依據(jù)題干可將解題信息定位到文章的第三段。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，他們發(fā)覺(jué)古代成人的上下門牙是對(duì)齊的，很難產(chǎn)生唇齒音，而唇齒音由下唇接觸上牙產(chǎn)生。之后，我們下巴的結(jié)構(gòu)變成了覆咬合結(jié)構(gòu)，這讓我們更簡(jiǎn)單產(chǎn)生這樣的聲音。由此可推知，他們的下巴構(gòu)造使他們很難發(fā)出唇齒音。故選C。34.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?AA．Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B．Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C．Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D．Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.解析：段落大意題。題干問(wèn)的是“第五段主要講解并描述了什么？”，依據(jù)題干可將解題信息定位到文章的第五段。由第五段內(nèi)容可知，對(duì)語(yǔ)言數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的分析也證明，新石器時(shí)代之后，國(guó)際語(yǔ)言的發(fā)音發(fā)生了全球性的改變。第五段主要列出一些可以使探討結(jié)果更令人信服的證據(jù)。故選A。35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?CA．Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B．Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C．Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D．Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)的是“StevenMoran對(duì)人類語(yǔ)音有什么看法？”，依據(jù)題干可將解題信息定位到文章的最終一段。StevenMoran認(rèn)為：自從人類出現(xiàn)以來(lái)，我們運(yùn)用的語(yǔ)音不肯定保持穩(wěn)定，今日我們發(fā)覺(jué)的各種語(yǔ)音都是像生物改變和文化進(jìn)化等事物相互作用的產(chǎn)物。由此可推知，它是一個(gè)困難的動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2024·遼寧省海城市高級(jí)中學(xué)高二月考)HowtomaintainfriendshipsaswegetolderWhenwearechildren,webelievethefirstfriendswemakeareourfriendsforever.36.F.Welosecontactwitholdfriendsovertheyears.Don'tworry.Here'swhatyoucandotokeepyourcurrentfriendships.RememberwhatbroughtyoutogetherRememberingwhyyoubecamefriendsinthefirstplacecanhelpmakeyourfriendshipwitheachotherlast.37.Clikeinterestingstoriesyou'vesharedandthebadfeelingsyou'veexperienced.Allthesethingswillmakeyouandyourfriendrealizehowimportantitistohaveeachother.38.AThedeathoffriendshipscomesknockingwhenwestartcomparingourselvestoourfriends.Whenyou'reindifferentlifestages,itcanfeellikeyou'renotdoingaswellasyourfriend.Insteadofthinkingaboutwhatyoudon'thave,thinkabouthowyoucangrowtogetherwithyourfriend.Youcanevenaskyourfriendforguidance.MaketimefornewmemoriesAgreatwaytokeepfriendshipexcitingistomaketimetocreatenewmemoriestogether.39.E.Thisgiveseveryoneanopportunitytohavemuch-neededleisuretimeawayfromwork.BeapositiveforceNobodywantstobearoundsomeonewho'snegativeonadailybasis.40.D.Cheeronyourfriendsforthesuccessestheyachieve,takeinterestintheirlatestprojectsandshowcarewhenthey'refeelingdown.Rememberthequote：“Iwilltakecareofmyselfforyouandyou'lltakecareofyourselfforme.”A．AvoidsocialcomparisonsB．RemembertoaskyourfriendforhelpC．TalkaboutthehistoryyouhavetogetherD．WhatwecandoistobekindertooneanotherE．AgoodstartistotrynewactivitieswithfriendsF．However,weshouldadmitthatfriendsdogetseparatedG．Thinkaboutwhattodowhenyouareinanegativemood語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們?cè)撊绾尉S持友情的一些方法。解析：36．依據(jù)上文(當(dāng)我們還是孩子的時(shí)候，我們信任我們交的第一批摯友就是我們恒久的摯友。)可知，小時(shí)候我們以為摯友是恒久的；依據(jù)下文(這些年來(lái)，我們與老摯友失去了聯(lián)系。)可知，摯友并不是恒久在那里的。因此空處與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折的。F項(xiàng)(然而，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)摯友的確會(huì)分別)與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，且與下文意義一樣。故選F。37．C項(xiàng)(談?wù)勀銈冊(cè)谝黄鸬臍v史)中“thehistoryyouhavetogether”與標(biāo)題“whatbroughtyoutogether”意義一樣，且下文“interestingstoriesyou'vesharedandthebadfeelingsyou'veexperienced”是對(duì)C項(xiàng)中“thehistoryyouhavetogether”的舉例。故選C。38．依據(jù)下文“Thedeathoffriendshipscomesknockingwhenwestartcomparingourselvestoourfriends.(當(dāng)我們起先拿自己和摯友比較時(shí)，友情就會(huì)消亡。)”可知，本段的主題是，為了維持友情，我們不應(yīng)當(dāng)和摯友比較。A項(xiàng)(避開社會(huì)性比較)與下文一樣，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。39．E項(xiàng)(和摯友一起嘗試新的活動(dòng)是一個(gè)好的起先)中“Agoodstart”指上文“tocreatenewmemoriestogether”的起先，且“trynewactivities”與上文“createnewmemories”意義一樣。下文“This”就是指E項(xiàng)中的“totrynewactivities”。因此E項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。40．依據(jù)前一句(沒(méi)人情愿和一個(gè)每天都很消極的人在一起。)”可知，為了維持友情，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)保持主動(dòng)。下文是保持主動(dòng)樂(lè)觀的具體做法。D項(xiàng)(我們能做的就是善待彼此)承上啟下，引出了下文，當(dāng)你的摯友處于消極心情時(shí)，你的具體的主動(dòng)做法，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2024·全國(guó)新高考Ⅰ卷)Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour41.Carefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42.AalongChalkCreek.Iwas43.Dthatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪)．Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44.C，andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45.Btyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46.A—hedidn'tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old，however,did.Anothertime，werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47.D,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48.Bourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49.Apickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50.Cthemotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.A.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere52.D,afishermanpulledup，threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere53.C.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof54.D，wonderingwhatcampingfunand55.Bwewillexperiencenext.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者一家人酷愛(ài)戶外活動(dòng)，作者從自己一家人過(guò)去10年里野營(yíng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中摘取兩個(gè)片段作了描述，一次是在溪邊露營(yíng)，三歲的兒子掉進(jìn)小溪中；另外一次，作者一家人在湖中劃船垂釣時(shí)遭受暴風(fēng)雨，所幸一個(gè)漁民開船過(guò)來(lái)把作者一家人拖到了岸邊。41.A.ideas B．jokesC．memories D．discoveries解析：前文說(shuō)過(guò)去10年作者一家有美妙的野營(yíng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)(Myhusband...overthepasttenyears.)，下文說(shuō)“especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle”，由此推斷此處應(yīng)選C，表示記憶，回憶。idea想法；joke玩笑；discovery發(fā)覺(jué)。故選C。42.A.camped B．droveC．walked D．cycled解析：依據(jù)下文的“Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”可知，此處表示作者一家選擇在ChalkCreek旁邊露營(yíng)，camp表示“露營(yíng)，野營(yíng)”。故選A。43.A.annoyed B．surprisedC．disappointed D．worried解析：依據(jù)空后的“thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是作者擔(dān)憂自己15個(gè)月的孩子會(huì)掉進(jìn)小溪里。故選D。44.A.unhurt B．unfortunateC．uncomfortable D．unafraid解析：前文說(shuō)作者“tiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot”，下文提到孩子哭叫。由此可推知，孩子哭叫是因?yàn)樗焕K子拴住腰部感到不舒適(uncomfortable)。故選C。45.A.dueto B．insteadofC．a(chǎn)partfrom D．a(chǎn)sfor解析：前文說(shuō)作者給15個(gè)月大的孩子系上繩子，孩子因不舒適而哭叫，下文說(shuō)“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”，由此可知，這里表示作者不再用繩子拴著他，insteadof表示“而不是，代替”。故選B。46.A.worked B．happenedC．mattered D．changed解析：依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容和下文中的“hedidn'tendupinthecreek”可知，這里表示作者在露營(yíng)的時(shí)候始終親密關(guān)注自己15個(gè)月大的孩子，這一招很有效，孩子沒(méi)有掉進(jìn)小溪里。故選A。47.A.signedup B．calmeddownC．checkedout D．headedoff解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指作者一家人動(dòng)身時(shí)天氣還是晴朗的，但暴風(fēng)雨快速來(lái)臨了。因此這里應(yīng)用headoff表示“動(dòng)身”。故選D。48.A.arranged B．interruptedC．completed D．recorded解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境及常識(shí)可知，這里指突如其來(lái)的暴風(fēng)雨打斷了作者一家安靜的旅途，interrupt表示“打斷”。故選B。49.A.wind B．noiseC．temperature D．speed解析：前文說(shuō)山中暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)得很快，再結(jié)合空后的“pickedupandthunderrolled”可知，wind表示“風(fēng)越來(lái)越大”。故選A。50.A.find B．hideC．start D．fix解析：依據(jù)空前的“stoppedfishing”及下文中的“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor”可知，作者一家人乘坐的船原本停在湖面，作者的丈夫在釣魚，暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)臨之后丈夫抓緊啟動(dòng)(start)船只的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。故選C。51.A.luck B．a(chǎn)nswerC．wonder D．signal解析：結(jié)合前文的“Nothing.”和下文中的“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelake”可知，作者的丈夫再次啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，不幸的是還是發(fā)動(dòng)不了。故選A。52.A.patiently B．tirelesslyC．doubtfully D．helplessly解析：前文說(shuō)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)不了，船被困在湖中，由此可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)作者一家人無(wú)計(jì)可施，helplessly表示“無(wú)助地”。故選D。53.A.sorry B．braveC．safe D．right解析：前文說(shuō)作者一家人被困湖中，此時(shí)一個(gè)漁民把作者一家人拖到岸邊，由此可推知最終我們“平安”了。故選C。54.A.relief B．dutyC．pride D．excitement解析：下文說(shuō)“wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewillexperiencenext”，由此可知，作者很喜愛(ài)這樣的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，excitement表示“興奮”。故選D。55.A.failure B．a(chǎn)dventureC．performance D．conflict解析：依據(jù)前文對(duì)兩次野營(yíng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的描述可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞adventure表示“奇遇，冒險(xiǎn)”。故選B。非選擇題部分其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2024·安徽省、云南省、吉林省、黑龍江省高三適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)Thegovernmenthasawarded$5milliontothreedifferentlocalnonprofitorganizations.Themoneywill56.bedistributed(distribute)overafour-yearperiodandisaimedathelpingapproximately1,000homelesspeopleinthecountyofArvada.Oneagency,57.based(base)inWoodbridge,isexpected58.toreceive(receive)$1.5million.Theagencydirectorsaysthattheywillfocustheirresourceson59.educating(educate)thehomeless.“Wewillprobablybuildanotherschool-homewiththismoney,