（高考英語作文煉句）第40篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.兼職能讓學生更好地了解自己的喜好或是檢驗一種可能的職業(yè)方向.例如,很多大學生做兼職家教.隨后,他們當中一些人可能會意識到他們對教學有濃厚的興趣,并決定在畢業(yè)后從事教育領域的工作.Part-timeemploymentcanhelpstudentstobetterunderstandtheirpreferencesorto

testout

(1.檢驗)apossiblecareerdirection.Forexample,manyuniversitystudentsworkaspart-timetutors.

Subsequently(2.隨后),someofthemmayrealizethatthey

haveanavidinterestin

(3.對……有濃厚興趣)teaching,anddecidetopursueworkintheeducationfieldupongraduation.

1-testout

詞典釋義：testout6.

IDEA/PLAN

主意/計劃

also

testout,tostarttouseanideaor

plantofindoutifitiscorrectoreffective驗證;檢驗：?DrLeesetupa

seriesofexperimentstotestoutthishypothesis.李博士設計了一系列實驗來驗證這個假設.

外刊例句：Asasecondapproximation,youmaywanttotry

to

testout

aninvestmentstrategy

basedondiscountrates.

()作為這二次估測,你可能想嘗試去驗證一下那基于折扣率的投資策略.

替換表達：test

2-subsequently

詞典釋義：subsequently

sub·se·quent·ly/

?s?bs?kw?ntl?

;

?s?bs?kw?ntli

/adverbformal

1.afteraneventinthepast后來,隨后,接著：?Thebookwas

subsequentlytranslatedinto15languages.那本書后來被譯成了

15種語言.?Subsequently,the

companyfiledforbankruptcy.隨后,該公司申請了破產.

外刊例句：Subsequently,

workbecomesthebeallandendall–themostimportantthinginaperson’s

life–andthatisn’thealthy.

()隨后,工作就變成了最為重要的東西,即人生命中最重要的東西,這種發(fā)展可不健康.

替換表達：later/lateron

學生錯誤表達：Afterwards點評：afterwards是指某件事結束之后不久立即接上下一件,如果中間有比較長的間隔,應該用lateron/subsequently,例如：OnSaturday

morningIwenttoseeAdrianinhospital.

Afterwards

Idroveintotowntodosomeshopping.

我們不能說：Westarted

goingouttogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.Afterwardswebothrealized

thattherewasmorethanjustfriendship.而要說：Westartedgoing

outtogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.

Lateron

webothrealizedthattherewasmorethanjust

friendship.

3-haveanavidinterestin

詞典釋義：avid['?v.?d]

adjective

■extremelyeagerorinterested

渴望的;急切的;熱衷的;干勁十足的?an

avid

football

fan狂熱的足球球迷?an

avid

supporter

ofthearts藝術活動的熱心支持者?Hetookan

avid

interest

intheproject.他對這個企劃案產生了極大的興趣.?formal

She

hadn'tseenhimforsixmonthsandwas

avid

for

news.她已六個月未曾見到他,正望穿秋水地盼著他的音訊.

外刊例句：This

avidinterest

suggestsdemandfor

theNanowilloutstripsupplyforthefirstyearortwo.()這種強烈興趣暗示了,Nano將在一兩年內供不應求.

替換表達：have/takeadeep/keeninterestin,haveapassionfor

Q：不太明白test和test

out的區(qū)別在哪里?A：testout和test意思是相同的,在這里都可以用.

2.在很多情況下文憑是被雇用的必要而非充分條件.很多公司在選擇應聘者過程中,不僅僅考慮學術成就,還有考慮課外活動甚至是來自教授的推薦信.Inmanycases,adiplomais

anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition(1.必要而非充分條件)forbeinghired.Inselectingcandidates,companiesusuallyconsidernotonly

academicdistinction

(2.學術成就)butalsoparticipationinextracurricularactivitiesandeven

lettersofreference

(3.推薦信)fromprofessors.

1-anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition

詞典釋義：necessary['nes.?.ser.i]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■neededinordertoachieveaparticularresult

必需的,不可或缺的?Helacksthe

necessary

skillsforthejob.他不具備做這項工作所需的技能.?Idon'thavemuchtimesoIwon'tbestayinganylonger

than

necessary.我時間不多,所以若非必要我不會逗留.?Justdowhat's

necessary

andthenleave.做完必要的事情就走吧.?If

necessary,

wecanalwayschangethedatesofourtrip.必要的話,我們隨時可以改變旅行的日期.?Is

itnecessary

for

allofus

to

be

presentatthemeetingthisafternoon?

我們必須全體出席今天下午的會議嗎??Wedon'twanttotakeanymoreluggagewithusthanis

strictly

necessary.除了不可或缺的行李以外,我們不想帶多余的東西.

sufficient2.ADJ

形容詞

(理由、條件)充足的,充分的

Ifsomethingisa

sufficient

cause

orconditionforsomethingtohappen,itcanhappen.

【搭配模式】：ADJn

【語域標簽】：FORMAL正式?Disciplineisanecessary,butcertainlynota

sufficient

conditionforlearningtotakeplace.紀律是有必要的,但絕對不是保證學習成效的充分條件.

外刊例句：Leaving

theGazaStripis

anecessarybutnot

sufficientcondition

toestablishpeace.()從加沙地帶撤離是締結和平的必須步驟,但仍未足以實現(xiàn)和平.

2-academicdistinction

詞典釋義：academic[??k.?'dem.?k]

adjective

STUDYING

學習的

IMPROVER

■relatingtoschools,collegesanduniversities,or

connectedwithstudyingandthinking,notwithpracticalskills

學校的,學院的;學術的?academic

subjects/qualifications/books學科／學歷／學術書籍?an

academic

institution學術機構?the

academic

year(=thetime,usuallyfromSeptember

toJune,duringwhichstudentsgotoschoolorcollege)學年?academic

standards學術水準

distinction2.N-UNCOUNT

不可數(shù)名詞

卓越;杰出;優(yōu)秀

Distinction

isthequalityofbeingverygoodorbetterthanotherthingsof

thesametype.

【語域標簽】：FORMAL正式?Lewisemergesasacomposerof

distinction

andsensitivity.劉易斯作為一位悟性很高的優(yōu)秀作曲家嶄露頭角.

?...piecesoffurnitureof

distinction.一件件精美家具

外刊例句：Afocusonthe

academicdistinction

betweenreligionandraceisoftenusedasa

figleafforprejudiceandoutrightbigotry.

()對于宗教和民族間的學術成就的聚焦,常常成了掩蓋偏見和赤裸的偏執(zhí)信念的"無花果葉”.

替換表達：academicachievement/success

3-lettersofreference

詞典釋義：referenceUK

['ref.?r.?nts]

US

[-?-]

noun

LETTER

信件

ADVANCED

countable

■aletterthatis

writtenbysomeonewhoknowsyou,todescribeyouandsayifyouaresuitable

forajoborcourse,etc

推薦信;介紹信?Myoldheadteachersaidhewould

write/give

mea

glowing(=verygood)

reference.我以前的中學校長說他會為我寫一封很好的推薦信.

外刊例句：Heddhasuncoveredcandidateswhohave

supportedtheirclaimswithfakedegreecertificatesandofficial-looking

lettersofreference.

()英國高等教育學位檢驗機構(Hedd)揭露了某些以假學歷證明和假官方推薦信來為自己論調背書的候選人.

替換表達：aletterofrecommendation/references

Q："推薦信”的表達lettersof

reference,前面的lettersof可否去掉?A：可以,這里寫成references也沒問題.

Inselectingcandidates,companiesusually

considernotonlyacademicdistinctionbutalsoparticipationin

extracurricularactivitiesandevenlettersofreferencefrom

professors.

【分析】本句是一個主謂賓結構,其主語是companies,謂語是consider,賓語共有三個,前兩個賓語是academicdistinction和participation,由并列連詞notonly…butalso連接,最后一個賓語是lettersofreference,由連詞and與前面兩個賓語相連.句首Inselectingcandidates是一個介詞短語,作狀語.

3.很多學生意識到的一個事實是,隨著越來越多的人擁有研究生學歷,雇主們開始重新評估學歷本身的價值了.公司越來越想雇用具有最相關的技能和經驗的學生,而不一定是雇用學歷最高的學生.Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraise(1.重新評估)thevalueofanacademicdiploma

perse(2.本身).Increasingly,companiesprefertohirestudentswiththemostrelevantskillsandexperience,and

notnecessarily

(3.不一定)theonewiththehighestdegree.

1-reappraise

詞典釋義：reappraise

1.VERB

動詞

重新估計;重新評價

Ifyou

reappraise

somethingsuchasanideaoraplan,youthinkcarefullyaboutit

anddecidewhetheritneedstobechanged.

【語法信息】：Vn

【語域標簽】：FORMAL正式?Itdidnotpersuadethemtoabandonthewarbutitdid

forcethemto

reappraise

theirstrategy.那并沒有說服他們放棄戰(zhàn)爭,但的確迫使他們重新評估了自己的戰(zhàn)略.

外刊例句：Heisinhisfortiesnow,anagethatCarl

Jungbelievedtobethe"noonoflife”,whenmen,inparticular,

reappraise

pastachievementsandlook

fornewwaystomakeacontribution.

()他現(xiàn)在已四十歲了,這是榮格所認為的"生命盛時”階段,在這時,男性尤其得重新評估其前半生成就,尋找新途徑來為社會做貢獻.

替換表達：reassess/re-evaluate

2-perse

詞典釋義：perseformal

adverb

■byorofitself

自身,本身

?Researchshowsthatitisnotdivorcepersethatharms

children,butthecontinuingconflictbetweenparents.研究顯示,對孩子造成傷害的不是離婚本身,而是父母間持續(xù)的沖突.

外刊例句：Intheaftermathofthe2008financialcrisis,

itwasawayofassigningresponsibilityforthedebacle,nottoapolitical

party

perse,buttoan

establishmentthathadconcededitsauthoritytothemarket.

()在2008年金融危機的余波中,這種方式無異于把引發(fā)災難的責任置于一個已經"臣服”于市場的機構,而非其政黨本身.

替換表達：itself

學生錯誤表達：It點評：這里應該用反身代詞itself,或者詞組perse

3-notnecessarily

詞典釋義：notnecessarily

phrase

1.

notalways,ornotin

everysituation

Individualsymptomsarenotnecessarilytypicalofthe

disease.

Headingswithinthetextshouldbeboldbutnotnecessarily

bigger.

Ourclientswon’tnecessarilyunderstandwhyweareraisingourprices.

外刊例句：We'vebeeninagradualwarmingtrendsince

theendingofthe"LittleIceAge"inabout1870,andclimate

changeisperfectlynaturaland

not

necessarily

bad.()自"小冰河期”于1870年左右結束以來,世界就經歷著逐漸緩慢的趨勢,而氣候變化也十分自然,不一定就很糟糕.

學生錯誤表達：insteadof/

ratherthantheonehavingthehighestdiploma.點評：insteadof/

ratherthan在這里的意思是"而不是”,語氣過于絕對,這與原文意思有偏差,可以改為not

necessarilytheonehavingthehighestdiploma

Q：請問withgrowingnumbersof

graduatedegreeholderswith的用法是由于還是隨著呢?A：這里with的用法是"隨著”的意思.

Q：請問范例最后的theone是指thestudent,還是thestudents?A：theone是指thestudent

Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,with

growingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraisethevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse.

【分析】本句是一個主謂賓結構,其主語是Manystudents,謂語是areawareof,賓語是thefactthat…,其中由that引導了一個同位語從句,修飾thefact.在that同位語從句中,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders是介詞短語作伴隨狀語,employers作主語,havebeguntoreappraise作謂語,thevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse作賓語.

4.通過生活在不同的城市或國家,我們能獲得語言和文化的多樣性能力.這種能力是越來越多雇主所需要的,而且他們愿意為此付出更多薪水.即使是那些曾經生活在不同地方但只能說一種語言的人,也由于他們的適應能力和對跨文化差異的敏感性而變得更有市場.Bymovingaroundtodifferentcitiesorcountries,wecangainthe

linguisticandculturalversatility(1.語言和文化的多樣性能力)thatmoreandmoreemployersdemandandforwhichtheyarewillingto

payapremium(2.付出額外的錢).Eventhosewhohavemovedaroundbutremain

monolingual(3.只能說一種語言的)willbemore

marketable

(4.有市場的)asaresultoftheiradaptabilityandcross-culturalsensitivity.

1-linguisticandculturalversatility

詞典釋義：linguistic

[l??'gw?s.t?k]

adjective

■connectedwithlanguageorthestudyoflanguage

語言的;語言學的?I'mparticularlyinterestedinthe

linguistic

developmentofyoungchildren.我對幼兒語言能力的發(fā)展尤其感興趣.

versatileityEtymology：

French

versatilité,

from

versatile

+-ité

-ity

：

thequalityorstateofbeingversatile

<amanofgreat

versatility,anexplorerin

allthesciencesunderlyingagriculture

—

R.H.Chittenden>

<ametalvaluedforits

versatility

>

外刊例句：Asamotiongraphicdesignerworkinginfilm,

Icanappreciatethattherapidevolutionand

versatility

ofdigitalhasrevolutionisedfilm-making,butasan

artistpassionateaboutcraft,I’mreassuredfilmstillhasitsplaceand

holdsitsown.

()數(shù)碼技術飛快發(fā)展,已能應付各種工作,極大改革了電影制作,而我作為一名電影圖像設計師,對此表示贊賞,不過若作為電影工藝制作愛好者而言,我相信傳統(tǒng)電影還是能有一席之地的.

學生錯誤表達：diversity

abilityoflanguageandculture點評：diversity是名詞,不能修飾ability,而且ability后面的介詞應該是in,而不是of,這里可以改為multiple

abilitiesinlanguagesandculture

2-payapremium

詞典釋義：premium['pri：.mi.?m]

noun

EXTRA

額外的

ADVANCED

countable

■anamountwhichismorethanusual

獎金,津貼;加價;附加費?We'rewillingtopaya

premium

forthebest

location.為了得到最好的地段,我們愿意多付些錢.?Becauseoftheirlocation,theseoffices

attract

a

premium.由于地段好,這些辦公室租金更高.?Themodifiedcarsareavailable

at

a

premium

of

5%

over

theoriginalprice.改裝后的汽車的售價要比原價高5%.?Thebusyshopper

puts

a

premium

on

(=

appreciatesandwillpaymorefor)findingeverythinginonebigstore.時間有限的購物者若能在一家大商店買齊所有的東西,就算價錢高一點也是愿意的.

外刊例句：Apple'sformulasoundssimple：keeppeople

happyto

payapremium.Butitis

atrickthatisfarfromsimpletopulloff.

()蘋果的方案聽起來很簡單：讓人們開心,從而更多點錢.不過這招數(shù)要用起來可就難得很了.

替換表達：payextramoney

3-monolingual

詞典釋義：monolingual

UK

[?m?n.??'l??.gw?l]

US

[?mɑ：.no?-]

adjective

■speakingorusingonlyonelanguage

只使用一種語言的,單語的?Thisisa

monolingual

dictionary.這是一本單語詞典.

外刊例句：The

monolingual

Brit