新高考適用2025版高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第1部分閱讀能力突破篇專題1閱讀理解第2講推理判斷題

第一部分專題一第2講A(2024·廣東省廣州市高三一模)Sometimesabookcomesalongthatisn?tjust“interesting”or“welldone”—it?sabookwhereitseemsliketheauthorlookedintoyourbrainandwroteabookspecificallyforyou.Abooklikethatformewasreleasedthisweek.It?scalled100ThingsWe?veLosttotheInternet,writtenbyeditorPamelaPaul.Paullists100thingsweusedtodoandthattheInternethaseitherchangedortakenovercompletely:writingletters,printnewspapers,thejoysofbeingbored,andnothavingalltheknowledgeintheworldinyourpocket.AsI?malongtimeaccumulatorofrandomknowledge,certainentriesonthelist—BeingtheOnlyOne,FiguringOutWhoThatActoris—hitmewhereIlive;rememberingdetailedfactsisnolongernearlyasimpressivewheneveryonehasthecapabilitytofindtheanswerinseconds.Onandonthelistgoes,witheveryminorshiftaddingtothepile.Whatthisbookdoessowellisillustratethegrowthofthatpile;whileanyindividualitemmightbenobigdeal,thecollectedsetissignificant.It?salistofwaysinwhichtheworldnowisdifferentfromtheworldthen.Obviously,Paulisn?tsayingthateverythingbackthenwasbetter.Timemarcheson,afterall.Andit?stoughtoargueagainstthemanybenefitsthattheInternethasbroughtintoourlives.Butthatisn?treallythepoint.It?snotaboutwhetheritusedtobebetter.It?sthatitusedtobedifferent.100ThingsWe?veLosttotheInternetisafunreadforthoseofuswhosharesomeofPaul?smemoriesandexperiences.Werememberwhatitwaslikeandweliketoremember.Thelandscapehasshifted,andnodoubtitwillshiftagainastechnology?sadvancementcontinuesapace.Thisbookservesasareminderofthesimpletruththatwhengainsaremade,sometimessomethingislost.1．Whatisthepurposeofthetext？________A．Toreviewandrecommendagoodread.B．TocommentontheeffectoftheInternet.C．Toarguefortheviewpointofanewbook.D．Tourgethereaderstovaluewhattheyhave.2．WhichmightbeentriesonPaul?slist？________A．MapsandEyeContact.B．E-payandCompactDisks.C．PostcardsandHomeschoolingD．BadPhotosandWashingMachines.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hitmewhereIlive”inParagraph3mean？________A．ProvewhatI?mgoodat.B．IntroducehowIgrewup.C．DescribetheplaceIlivein.D．Speakoutwhatisonmymind.4．WhatconclusionhastheauthordrawnafterreadingPaul?sbook？________A．Thingsinthepastarebetter.B．There?renogainswithoutpains.C．TheInternetisadouble-edgedsword.D．Technologyisconstantlychangingtheworld.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹一本名叫《100ThingsWe?veLosttotheInternet》的書。1．A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Abooklikethatformewasreleasedthisweek.It?scalled100ThingsWe?veLosttotheInternet,writtenbyeditorPamelaPaul.(這周出版了一本類似的書。這是編輯帕梅拉·保羅所著的《我們被網(wǎng)絡(luò)遺忘的100件事》。)”可知本書由PamelaPaul所寫，名叫100ThingsWe?veLosttotheInternet，文章的寫作意圖是回顧并舉薦一本好書。故選A。2．A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Paullists100thingsweusedtodoandthattheInternethaseitherchangedortakenovercompletely:writingletters,printnewspapers,thejoysofbeingbored,andnothavingalltheknowledgeintheworldinyourpocket.(保排列出了100件我們?cè)?jīng)做過(guò)的事情，這些事情不是被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)變更了就是被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)完全接管了：寫信、印刷報(bào)紙、享受無(wú)聊的樂(lè)趣，以及并非把世界上全部的學(xué)問(wèn)都裝進(jìn)你的口袋。)”可知，地圖和眼神溝通被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)變更了，會(huì)出現(xiàn)在他的清單上。故選A。3．D詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段“rememberingdetailedfactsisnolongernearlyasimpressivewheneveryonehasthecapabilitytofindtheanswerinseconds(當(dāng)每個(gè)人都能在幾秒鐘內(nèi)找到答案時(shí)，記住具體的事實(shí)就不再那么令人印象深刻了)”可知作為一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間收集各種隨機(jī)學(xué)問(wèn)的人，清單上的一些內(nèi)容打動(dòng)了我，說(shuō)出了我心中所想。故選D。4．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Timemarcheson,afterall.Andit?stoughtoargueagainstthemanybenefitsthattheInternethasbroughtintoourlives.Butthatisn?treallythepoint.It?snotaboutwhetheritusedtobebetter.It?sthatitusedtobedifferent.(終歸，時(shí)間在前進(jìn)。很難反對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)給我們生活帶來(lái)的諸多好處。但這不是重點(diǎn)。這與過(guò)去是否更好無(wú)關(guān)。就是與以前不一樣。)”可知，這本書在強(qiáng)調(diào)技術(shù)帶來(lái)的變更。故選D。B(2024·河北省唐山市高考二模)Humanbrainsaresocialorgans—they?reneurobiologically(神經(jīng)生物)wiredforconnection.Butjustasourstudents?brainscanbeunfavorablyaffectedbynegativementalityandmisfortunes,socantheirparents?brains,affectingrelationshipswithteachers.Whatfeelshurtfulfromaparentcouldbeaworn-outbrain,onethatistryingtosurviveandsoisdefendingitselfandpayingcloseattentiontoexperiencesorrelationshipsthatmayfeelterrifyingorunsafe.Therearetimeswhenwemayfeelharmedbyaparent,andwetoocanfireoffsharpwordsifwe?refeelingmisunderstoodandangry.Wemayalsounintentionallyincreaseaconflictwhilemovingfartherawayfromcooperationandsolutions.Apoorlyregulatededucatorcannothelpapoorlyregulatedparent.Imyselfhavebeenblamedformyson?supsettingbehaviorswhenhewasstrugglingemotionally.Elevenyearsago,whenAndrewbecameanewcomerinhighschool,theanxietyandangermaskingthefearhefeltalmostdestroyedourfamily.Wefelthelplessandoftenhopeless.Inthemiddleofthisscarytime,IreceivedanemailfromAndrew?sSpanishteacher.DearDr.Desautels，IwantedyoutoknowthatAndrewfinishedhisprojecttodayandhadasmileonhisface.Ijustwantedtosharethatwithyou.PleaseletmeknowhowImayserveyouinthedaystocome.Mr.PickettThisemailchangedeverythingformeasamomandasaneducator.Ithelpedourfamilyexperienceabitofhopeandinspiration.AndrewworkedhardforMr.PickettthattermandendedwithanA．Hefailedmostofhisotherclasses,butbecauseoftheconnectionthisteachercreatedwithAndrew,hefeltheard,seen,andappreciated.OnethingI?velearnedisthatImustregulatemyownbrainstatebeforeIinteractwithparents.Mr.Pickett?sefforttofosterapositiverelationshipwithmyfamilyandmysonhasshownmeawaytosupportbothstudentsandtheirparents.5．Whydoesaparentsayhurtfulthings？________A．Theydisliketeachers.B．Theyareeasilyupset.C．Theyaremuchtoostressed.D．Theyarewillingtolettheirangerout.6．WhathappenedtoAndrewasanewcomerinhighschool？________A．Hewasphysicallyill.B．Hehademotionalsuffering.C．Hetriedtoescapehisfamily.D．Hequarreledwithhisteacher.7．WhydidAndrewbegintostudySpanishhard？________A.Hewantedtochangeeverything.B．Hewaspersuadedbyhisparents.C．Herealizedtheimportanceofthesubject.D．Hegotcareandappreciationfromtheteacher.8．Whoistheintendedreader？________A．Students. B．Teachers.C．Parents. D．Doctors.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明父母和孩子一樣都會(huì)受到消極心態(tài)和不幸的影響，從而影響與老師的關(guān)系。作者在文章中通過(guò)講解并描述自己與兒子成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的教化問(wèn)題，獲得了一位西班牙語(yǔ)老師的幫助，讓她明白了如何更高效地與孩子和其他學(xué)生及他們的父母之間的相處和溝通，建立良好的關(guān)系。5．C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Whatfeelshurtfulfromaparentcouldbeaworn-outbrain,onethatistryingtosurviveandsoisdefendingitselfandpayingcloseattentiontoexperiencesorrelationshipsthatmayfeelterrifyingorunsafe.(來(lái)自父母的損害可能是一個(gè)乏累的大腦，一個(gè)試圖生存，因此愛(ài)護(hù)自己，親密關(guān)注可能感到可怕或擔(dān)憂全的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或關(guān)系的大腦。)”可知，乏累的大腦試圖生存和愛(ài)護(hù)自己，親密關(guān)注擔(dān)憂全的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或關(guān)系使得父母給孩子帶來(lái)傷人的話語(yǔ)，由此可見(jiàn)他們的壓力過(guò)大，故選C。6．B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Imyselfhavebeenblamedformyson?supsettingbehaviorswhenhewasstrugglingemotionally.Elevenyearsago,whenAndrewbecameanewcomerinhighschool,theanxietyandangermaskingthefearhefeltalmostdestroyedourfamily.(我兒子在心情上掙扎時(shí)的擔(dān)憂行為都怪我自己。11年前，當(dāng)安德魯成為一名中學(xué)新生時(shí)，焦慮和生氣掩蓋了他幾乎摧毀我們家庭的恐驚。)”可知，安德魯在成為一名中學(xué)生時(shí)，遭遇情感上的苦痛，故選B。7．D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Hefailedmostofhisotherclasses,butbecauseoftheconnectionthisteachercreatedwithAndrew,hefeltheard,seen,andappreciated.(他其他大部分課程都不及格，但由于這位老師與安德魯建立了聯(lián)系，他感到自己被聽(tīng)到、看到和觀賞。)”可知，安德魯努力學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語(yǔ)，是因?yàn)樗玫搅死蠋煹年P(guān)切和贊許，故選D。8．C推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，父母和孩子一樣都會(huì)受到消極心態(tài)和不幸的影響，從而影響與老師的關(guān)系。作者在文章中通過(guò)講解并描述自己與兒子成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的教化問(wèn)題來(lái)說(shuō)明父母與孩子如何建立主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，結(jié)合最終一段“OnethingI?velearnedisthatImustregulatemyownbrainstatebeforeIinteractwithparents.Mr.Pickett?sefforttofosterapositiverelationshipwithmyfamilyandmysonhasshownmeawaytosupportbothstudentsandtheirparents.(我學(xué)到的一件事是，在與父母互動(dòng)之前，我必需調(diào)整自己的大腦狀態(tài)。皮克特先生努力與我的家人和兒子建立主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，這向我展示了一種支持學(xué)生和他們父母的方式。)”可知，作者得到了這位西班牙語(yǔ)老師的幫助，從這件事作者學(xué)會(huì)了更高效地與孩子和其他學(xué)生及他們的父母之間的相處和溝通，建立良好的關(guān)系，由此可知，本文主要是想表述家長(zhǎng)如何與孩子和老師建立良好的相處關(guān)系，所以本文的主要讀者對(duì)象應(yīng)是父母，故選C。C(2024·江蘇省南通如皋市高三一模)Therearelotsofnicestoriesabouttheprotectionofnatureashumanssuspendtheiractivity;however,thisslowdownisnotallgoodnews.NewYorkCity,forexample,hassuspendeditsorganicrecyclingprogram.Thatmeansthousandsoftonsofrubbishthatwouldhavebeenrecycledlastyearwillfindtheirwaytolandfills(垃圾填埋地)insteadthisyear.LikeotherNewYorkers,Irecycledmykitchenwasteandotherorganicmaterials.Whentheyarebrokendown,theyproducemethane(agaswithoutcolororsmell),whichifletloosecanbeharmfultotheatmosphere.Butwhencontrolledinaway,themethanecanbeputtouseasalternativeenergy.Plus,thereisaby-productfertilizer(肥料),whichcanbesoldonthemarket.NowthosethousandsoftonsofrubbishwillbetruckedawaytolandfillsinOhioandotherremoteplaces.It?sdefinitelyabackwardstepinourfightagainstclimatechange.GovernmentleadersmaygetsomeinspirationfromNewYorkCity?sFreshkillsPark.Theparkisabest-casescenario(設(shè)想)forwhatcanhappentomountainsofrubbish.ItwasoriginallytheFreshkillsLandfillwhichreceivedrubbishformorethanhalfacentury.In2001,thelandfillwasclosed.TheFreshkillsPark,aroundthreetimesthesizeofCentralPark,willbeopenedin2035.Whatisundertheparkisprettycomplex,evenifitjustlookslikeagrassyhill.Thereareafewlayers,eachfordifferentpurposes.Asforthemethane,theparkhashundredsofwellstocapturethegas,whichisenoughtopower20,000homes.Treesaretrickyattheparkbecausetheirrootscan?tgothatfardown.Aswell,mostgrasslandsonlyhaveshallow-rootedgrassessothatthestaffcaneasilygetaccesstothewellheads.Theprojectbringsgoodnewstothegrasshoppersparrows.ThesebirdsareofconservationconcerninNewYorkState.Today,thegrasshoppersparrowsinNewYorkStatecallthisformerlandfilltheirhome.Sodofoxes,deerandotheranimals.Althoughitwilltakeoveradecadebeforetheparkfullyopens,ithasworkedwellsofar.Besidesthisproject,it?sexpectedthatsimilarlybrilliantplansforthenewrubbishwillcomeoutsoon.Ideally,theorganicrecyclingprogramgetsreenacted(重新制定)inNewYorkCitybeforetoolong.Otherwise,therearesomeothersimilarlybrilliantplansforallthenewrubbishthatwillbecomingsoon.9．Whatcanweknowaboutorganicmaterials？________A．Theywillbereplacedbyotherenergy.B．Theyarebeneficialtotheenvironment.C．Theyhavegreatvalueifhandledproperly.D．Theycanbehardlycontrolledorrecycled.10．Whatistheauthor?sattitudetowardstruckingNewYorkCity?srubbishaway？________A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful.C．Optimistic. D．Negative.11．WhatcanweinferabouttheFreshkillsPark？________A．Ithaslimitedwaterresources.B．Itgivesthelandfillanewlook.C．ItisverysimilartoCentralPark.D．Itturnsfarmlandsintograsslands.12．Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthelastbutoneparagraph？________A．Parksareanidealplaceformanyanimals.B．Theprojectaimstorestoreanimalhabitats.C．NewYorkhasalargespeciesofwildanimals.D．Theprojectcontributestowildlifeprotection.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人們將紐約市的Freshkills垃圾填埋場(chǎng)改造成公園所帶來(lái)的諸多好處。9．C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Butwhencontrolledinaway,themethanecanbeputtouseasalternativeenergy.Plus,thereisaby-productfertilizer(肥料),whichcanbesoldonthemarket.(但假如以某種方式加以限制，甲烷可以被用作替代能源。此外，還有一種副產(chǎn)品肥料，可以在市場(chǎng)上出售。)”可知，有機(jī)材料假如處理得當(dāng)，它們有很大的價(jià)值。故選C。10．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“NowthosethousandsoftonsofrubbishwillbetruckedawaytolandfillsinOhioandotherremoteplaces.It?sdefinitelyabackwardstepinourfightagainstclimatechange.(現(xiàn)在，這數(shù)千噸垃圾將被卡車運(yùn)往俄亥俄州和其他偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。這無(wú)疑是我們對(duì)抗氣候變更的一個(gè)倒退。)”可知，作者對(duì)用卡車運(yùn)走紐約市的垃圾持否定看法。故選D。11．B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Theparkisabest-casescenario(設(shè)想)forwhatcanhappentomountainsofrubbish.ItwasoriginallytheFreshkillsLandfillwhichreceivedrubbishformorethanhalfacentury.In2001,thelandfillwasclosed.TheFreshkillsPark,aroundthreetimesthesizeofCentralPark(對(duì)于積累如山的垃圾來(lái)說(shuō)，建立這個(gè)公園是最好的設(shè)想。最初的Freshkills垃圾填埋場(chǎng)接收垃圾長(zhǎng)達(dá)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)之久。2001年，該垃圾填埋場(chǎng)被關(guān)閉。Freshkills公園的面積大約是中心公園的三倍。)”可知，垃圾填埋場(chǎng)被關(guān)閉，取而代之的是Freshkills公園，從而推知，F(xiàn)reshkills公園會(huì)讓接收垃圾長(zhǎng)達(dá)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)之久的垃圾填埋場(chǎng)面貌一新。故選B。12．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Today,thegrasshoppersparrowsinNewYorkStatecallthisformerlandfilltheirhome.Sodofoxes,deerandotheranimals.(現(xiàn)在，紐約州的蚱蜢麻雀把這片曾經(jīng)的垃圾填埋場(chǎng)作為自己的家。狐貍、鹿和其他動(dòng)物也是如此。)”可知，作者在本段中主要想表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是將垃圾填埋場(chǎng)改造成公園的項(xiàng)目有助于愛(ài)護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。故選D。D(2024·山東省臨沂市高三一模)Astudyofteenagegirls?selfie-taking(自拍)behaviorsfoundthattakingandsharingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotlinkedtopoorbodyimageorappearanceconcerns.However,whenadolescentgirlsspendtoomuchtimestrugglingoverwhichphotoofthemselvestopost,orrelyheavilyoneditingappstoaltertheirimages,theremaybecauseforconcern.Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofArizona,foundthatselfieeditingandtimeinvestedincreatingandselectingtheperfectselfiewerebothrelatedtoself-objectification,whichledtobodyshame,appearanceanxietyandmorenegativeappearanceevaluationsinteengirls.“Self-objectificationistheideathatyoucometothinkofyourselfasanexternalobjecttobeviewedbyotherpeople，”saidseniorstudyauthorJenniferAubrey,anassociateprofessorattheUA.Basedonastudyof278teenagegirls,“Ourmainfindingwasthatwereallyshouldn?tbetooworriedaboutkidswhotakeselfiesandsharethem;that?snotwherethenegativeeffectscomefrom.It?stheinvestmentandtheeditingthatyieldednegativeeffects，”Aubreysaid.“Selfieeditingandselfieinvestmentpredictedself-objectification,andgirlswhoself-objectifyweremorelikelytofeelshamefulabouttheirbodiesoranxiousabouttheirappearance.”“Self-objectificationisthepathwaytosomanythingsinadolescencethatwewanttoprevent，”Aubreysaid.“So,interventionsreallyshouldfocusonhowwecanencouragegirlstodevelopanawarenessofthemselvesthatdoesn?tonlydependonwhattheylookliketootherpeople.”Theresearcherssaidparentsandcaregiversofadolescentgirlsshouldbeawarethatifateenseemstobeobsessed(癡迷的),itmightbetimeforatalk.Theresearchersalsonotethattherecanbedifferentmotivationsforsharingselfies.“Selfiesareapartofthemedialandscape,butyoushouldpostthemforreasonsotherthantryingtogetpeopletoadmireyourappearanceoryourbody，”Aubreysaid.Withanestimated93millionselfiestakeneachday,theyaren?tgoingawayanytimesoon,norshouldthey.Theimportantthingtorememberis:Selfiesaren?tbad.Justdon?tobsess.13．Whatbehaviorofadolescentgirlsmaycauseconcern？________A．Takingselfies.B．Caringabouttheirimages.C．Sharingselfiesonsocialmedia.D．Overusingeditingappstobeautifytheirimages.14．Fromthetext,whatcanwelearnaboutself-objectification？________A．Itpredictsselfieinvestment.B．Itislinkedtoselfieobsession.C．Itpreventsproblemsinadolescence.D．Itcontributestoobjectiveevaluation.15．Whatshouldinterventionscenteron？________A．Whentohaveatalkwithteengirls.B．Whentoendselfie-takingbehaviors.C．Howtohelpformahealthyself-awareness.D．Howtopreventteenagegirls?crazeforselfies.16．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？________A．Atravelbrochure.B．Asciencenewspaper.C．Apsychologytextbook.D．Anentertainmentma