2025屆河北省石家莊市普通高中學校畢業(yè)年級教學質(zhì)量摸底檢測英語試卷（含答案解析）

石家莊市2025屆普通高中學校畢業(yè)年級教學質(zhì)量摸底檢測英語(本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘)注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inalibrary.B．Inacafeteria.C．Inasciencebuilding.2．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Worried.B．Confused.C．Relieved.3．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Returninfiveminutes.B．Payinadvance.C．Stopwaiting.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Amedicalemergency.B．Aprojectdesign.C．Aworkarrangement.5．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Providingfeedback.B．Makingacomplaint.C．Seekingasuggestion.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A．Submittinganapplication.B．Placinganadvertisement.C．Dividingthework.7．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．FellowworkersB．Professorandstudent.C．Interviewerandinterviewee.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．WhydoesAnnawanttovolunteeratthefarm?A．Toearnmoneyforhertravels.B．Tolearnaboutorganicfarming.C．Toexperiencedifferentlifestyles.9．What’sthedutyofmorningworkersbesidesapplepicking?A．Feedingchickens.B．Handlingwaste.C．Feedinggoats.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．WhydoesthemanturndownJulie’ssuggestedtopic?A．It’stime-consuming.B．Itinvolvesusedmaterials.C．It’stoohugetohandle.11．Whatwilltheprojectprobablyfocusonthisyear?A．Waterquality.B．Smokepollution.C．Trafficproblems.12．Whatdothespeakersplantodofirst?A．Gotothelibrary.B．Lookforresourcesonline.C．Consulttheotherstudents.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatisthemandoing?A．Hostinganinterview.B．Servingacustomer.C．Traininganathlete.14．HowdoesNaomibeginworkingwithnewcustomers?A．Bysettingachievablegoals.B．Byanalyzingtheirdemands.C．Bydesigningexerciseroutines.15．WhatisNaomiparticularlygoodat?A．Weightcontrol.B．Injuryrecovery.C．Competitiveevents.16．WhatdoesNaomiattachimportancetoinhertraining?A．Pleasantatmosphere.B．Clearorders.C．Strictinstructions.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Howdoesthespeakerknowaboutthetricksusedbystores?A．Hedidsomeresearchonthetopic.B．Helearnedaboutthembyaccident.C．Hehasrichexperienceasaseller.18．Whyarepopularproductsplacedinthecenterofthestore?A．Toattractcustomerswiththesmell.B．Toletcustomerspassbyotheritems.C．Tomakethemconvenientlydisplayed.19．Whatmakesthecustomersstaylongerinsupermarkets?A．Freshfood.B．Longqueues.C．Limitedwindows.20．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?A．Tooffertechniquestoincreasesales.B．Tointroducethebestshoppingplaces.C．Toremindpeopletodoshoppingwisely.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AShakespeareandCompanyinParis,foundedbyGeorgeWhitmanin1951,standsasoneoftheworld’smostfamousbookstores.Hereisaguideforvisitingthebookstore.Tumbleweeds(風滾草)ThemainreasonwhythisbookstoreissofamousisduetoitsTumbleweeding.Georgehadbeenatravellerandfloatedlikea“tumbleweed”untilhemovedtoParistobecomeabookseller.Hewantedtohonourthosewhohostedhimthroughouthistravels.SoGeorgewouldinviteambitiouswritersintothestoreas“Tumbleweeds”.Theyhadtohelparound,readabookadayandwriteashortautobiographyaboutthemselvesinexchangeforaplacetostayinthebookstore.Thisisstillatraditiontheyupholdtoday.ThedifferentsectionsThisbookshopislikealabyrinth(迷宮)withvarioussectionsforfiction,non-fiction,history,art,etc.Despitethecrowdsonthebottomfloor,therearelotsofquietsmallareastorelaxontheupperfloor.You’llfindadeskareaherewhereyoucanwriteyourownminiautobiographytostickonthewall.ThereareseatsoverlookingNotreDameandsomeoneisevenplayingapiano.OpeningtimeIt’sopenfromMondaystoSaturdays10a.m.to8p.m.andSundays12p.m.to7p.m.Ifyouwanttoavoidlongqueues,youcanvisitduringtheweekandgetherejustbeforeopeningtime.ToptipsforvisitingYoucanaccessthebookstorewithawheelchair.Don’tbringlargebags.Theywon’tletyouinwithlargebagsorsuitcases.Youcan’ttakephotosinside.Therearesignseverywherethatyoushouldn’ttakephotos.1.WhatistheprimaryreasonforShakespeareandCompany’sfame?A.Itslonghistory. B.Itswiderangeofbooks.C.Itsfounder’spersonality. D.Itstraditiontoinvitewriters.2.Whencanpeoplevisitthebookstore?A.At8p.m.onSunday. B.At11a.m.onTuesday.C.At9p.m.onFriday. D.At7a.m.onSaturday.3.Whatisprohibitedinthebookstore?A.Takingpictures. B.Gettingaroundbywheelchair.C.Bringingpurses. D.Stickingyourstoriesonthewall.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了巴黎莎士比亞書店的游覽指南，包括其歷史背景、特色活動、內(nèi)部布局、營業(yè)時間和參觀建議等等。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThemainreasonwhythisbookstoreissofamousisduetoitsTumbleweeding.Georgehadbeenatravellerandfloatedlikea“tumbleweed”untilhemovedtoParistobecomeabookseller.Hewantedtohonourthosewhohostedhimthroughouthistravels.SoGeorgewouldinviteambitiouswritersintothestoreas“Tumbleweeds”.(這家書店如此出名的主要原因是它的風滾草。喬治曾經(jīng)是個旅行者，像“風滾草”一樣漂泊，直到他搬到巴黎成為一名書商。他想向那些在他旅行中招待他的人致敬。所以，喬治會邀請有抱負的作家進入書店，成為“風滾草”)”可知，莎士比亞書店出名的主要原因是它邀請作家的傳統(tǒng)。故選D項。2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Openingtime部分中的“It’sopenfromMondaystoSaturdays10a.m.to8p.m.andSundays12p.m.to7p.m.(書店從周一到周六上午10點到晚上8點，周日中午12點到晚上7點營業(yè))”可知，人們可以在周二上午11點參觀書店，其他三個時間都不開放。故選B項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Toptipsforvisiting部分中的“Youcan’ttakephotosinside.Therearesignseverywherethatyoushouldn’ttakephotos.(你不能在里面拍照。到處都是不能拍照的標志)”可知，在書店里拍照是被禁止的。故選A項。BIoftenwakeuptomyalarmafterashortnightandstepoutofbedtoadayI’vefoughtthroughcountlesstimes.Irushmymorningroutineandruntomycar.Myradioswitchestomyfavoritesong,butIhavetolistentoanaudible(可聽的)bookforanassignmentduetomorrow.WhenIgettoschool,IstartwithSpanish,myhardestclass.Despitebeingaroundallyear,Ihavenocluewhat’sgoingon.IthenwalktomyEnglishclass,inwhichIwasstuckinthelanguagerules.Theassignmentstakemuchenergythatmyperfectionistnatureisunabletotakeoninschool,soIsavethemforlater,mostprobablylateatnight.Thisismyrealityasastudentwithdyslexia,alearningdisorderinreadingandspelling:assignmentsthattakethreetimesaslongasthey’remeantto,latenightsandearlymorningstoevenslightlykeepupwithmyclasses.IwastoldthatAdvancedPlacementU.S.Historywouldbemyhardestclass.Buthere,Iaminmyelement.Despitebeingthreeassignmentsbehind,I’mactivelyengaged.Yes,mypassionforhistoryheightensmyfocus,butmyteacher’swillingnesstoworkwithmeiswhatallowsmetoflyhigh.Teachersneedtoofferalternativestructuresthatmakelearningmoreaccessible.I’vehadteacherswhoteachlecture-basedclasseswherestudentsareexpectedtotakenotesandlisten.Asastudentwithdyslexia,thisdoesn’twork.Afixforthatisassimpleasprovidingalternativeresources:aslideshowstudentscangobacktoafterclass,orperhapsevenanactivitythatfurtherplayswiththeconcepts.Now,manyschoolsareshiftingtoapproachesthatmeettheneedsofallkids.However,advocacyworkcanstillbedonetosupportstudentswithdyslexia.Ifschoolsystemsarewillingtoprovidesupportandeducationbycreatinganaccessibleclassstructurefromthestart,studentswon’tbestuckintoacademictracksthatdon’tpushthemtotheirfullpotential.4.Whydoestheauthorhavetodohishomeworklateatnight?A.Heisassignedextrahomework. B.Hefailstomanagehissparetime.C.Heneedstimetodoitwellenough. D.Hedislikestasksrelatedtolanguages.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“inmyelement”inparagraph4mean?A.Burningthemidnightoil. B.BitingoffmorethanIcanchew.C.Feelinglikeafishinwater. D.Havingbutterfliesinmystomach.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflecture-basedclasses?A.Satisfying. B.Inspiring. C.Rewarding. D.Demanding.7.Whatdoestheauthoradviseschoolstodoforstudents?A.Offerclasseswithalternatives. B.Askeducationalexpertstogivelectures.C.Advocateout-of-classactivities. D.Getteacherstrainedinspecialeducation.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為一名有閱讀障礙的學生的日常生活和學習經(jīng)歷，來展現(xiàn)自己所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和困難，并表達了對教育方式和教師支持的需求和看法?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theassignmentstakemuchenergythatmyperfectionistnatureisunabletotakeoninschool,soIsavethemforlater,mostprobablylateatnight.(作業(yè)耗費了我太多精力，而我追求完美的性格又讓我無法在學校完成它們，所以我總是把它們留到以后，很可能就是深夜。)”可知，作者不得不深夜做家庭作業(yè)是因為作者追求完美，所以需要更多的時間來完成作業(yè)。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞句上文“IwastoldthatAdvancedPlacementU.S.Historywouldbemyhardestclass.(我曾被告知，美國歷史高級課程將是我最難的一門課。)”可知，美國歷史高級課程是一門最難的課。而劃線單詞下文“Despitebeingthreeassignmentsbehind,I’mactivelyengaged.(盡管我已經(jīng)落后了三項作業(yè)，但我仍然積極參與其中。)”則表明作者喜歡這門課程。由此可知，作者對這門課程感到自在和舒適，愿意參與其中。選項C“Feelinglikeafishinwater”的意思是“如魚得水，感到自在和舒適”，這個短語強調(diào)的是在某個環(huán)境或領域中感到自在和舒適，能夠充分發(fā)揮自己的能力。符合句意。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“I’vehadteacherswhoteachlecture-basedclasseswherestudentsareexpectedtotakenotesandlisten.Asastudentwithdyslexia,thisdoesn’twork.(我曾遇到過一些以講座為基礎的老師，他們期望學生記筆記并聽講。但作為一名閱讀障礙學生，這種方式行不通。)”可知，作者作為閱讀障礙的學生，覺得基于講座的課程對他來說并不適用，因為它可能要求很高的聽力和筆記能力，這是作者難以應對的。因此，可以推斷出作者認為基于講座的課程是要求高的。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Teachersneedtoofferalternativestructuresthatmakelearningmoreaccessible.(教師需要提供替代性的學習結構，使學習更加容易。)”以及最后一段“Now,manyschoolsareshiftingtoapproachesthatmeettheneedsofallkids.However,advocacyworkcanstillbedonetosupportstudentswithdyslexia.Ifschoolsystemsarewillingtoprovidesupportandeducationbycreatinganaccessibleclassstructurefromthestart,studentswon’tbestuckintoacademictracksthatdon’tpushthemtotheirfullpotential.(現(xiàn)在，許多學校正在轉(zhuǎn)向滿足所有孩子需求的教學方法。然而，仍然可以開展宣傳工作來支持閱讀障礙學生。如果學校系統(tǒng)愿意從一開始就創(chuàng)造一個容易接受的學習環(huán)境并提供教育支持，那么學生就不會被困在那些無法充分發(fā)揮他們潛力的學術軌道上。)”可知，作者認為學校應該提供滿足所有孩子需求的方法，可以提供替代性課程，從而滿足學生的需求。故選A。CUnlikesomeofSpain’stouristhotspots,wheretensionsbetweenlocalsandtouristshaverisenoverthesummer,theCiesIslandspresentararesuccessstory.Asimplebuteffectivecapondailyvisitornumbershasgreatlyreducedthepressureontheenvironmentandcreatedamorepleasantexperienceforvisitors.Beforeboardingtheferryboattotheislands,visitorsmustfirstsecureaQRcodefromtheGalicianregionalgovernmentandpay€25fortheround-tripfare.“Itwaschaosbeforethecap,”saysJoséBouzas,thedirectorofthepark.“Therewerejusttoomanypeople.Now,notonlydotheyunderstandtheneedforthislimit,buttheyalsoappreciateit.Itallowsvisitorstoenjoytheirtimeherewithoutimpactingtheecosystem.”Spain’sovertourismproblemsaren’tlimitedtoitsmostfamouscities.Masstourismhasbecomeaflashpointforlocalannoyances.Protestseruptedinmultiplelocationsthisyearagainsttheuncheckedgrowththataffectslocallife.Whiletourismisoftenblamedforbroadersocialissues,someexpertsarguethatit’sonlypartoftheproblem.LindaOsti,aseniortourismlectureratBangorUniversity,suggeststhatprotestsincitieslikeBarcelonaexposeadeeperdisconnectbetweenlocalauthoritiesandresidents.“Localgovernmentsshouldtalkmoreabouttheirintentionswiththeircommunities,”O(jiān)stisays.“It’snotjustabouttourism,it’sabouteconomicplanning.Iflocalpeoplehadbetterhousingandemploymentconditions,tourismwouldn’tbesuchaflashpoint.”AsvisitorssailtotheCiesIslands,theywitnessarareandbeautifulbalancebetweennatureandtourism.It’saplacewherenatureloversandeco-conscioustravellerscanenjoyabreakfromthecrowdsthatoverwhelmotherpartsofSpain.Butthiscarefulbalancewasn’tachievedovernight.Itrequiredlocalauthoritiestotaketoughdecisions,likethecaponvisitors,andtostickwiththem,evenastourismgrewelsewhere.ForJoséBouzas,thelessonisclear:“Ifyoudon’tconservetheseislands,there’snopoint.You’dendupkillingthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs.”8.What’sthesecrettotheCiesIslands’successintourism?A.Limitingtouristnumbers. B.Buildingmorefacilities.C.Practisinggreentourism. D.Providingqualityservice.9.WhatisarequirementfortouriststovisittheCiesIslands?A.Takingalocalferryboat. B.Buyingtravelinsurance.C.GettinganofficialQRcode. D.Passingsecuritychecks.10.WhatshouldthegovernmentdoaccordingtoLindaOsti?A.Communicatewithtourists. B.Promotecommunityinteractions.C.Developmasstourismindustry. D.Improvehousingandemployment.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Tourismbenefitsbothtouristsandlocalpeople.B.Thelocalauthoritywillcontinuethetourismpolicy.C.Theeco-systemontheCiesIslandsneedsimproving.D.TravellerswillvisittheCiesIslandsinlargecrowds.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了西班牙CiesIslands在旅游業(yè)方面的成功經(jīng)驗和西班牙其他旅游熱點地區(qū)的過度旅游問題?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Asimplebuteffectivecapondailyvisitornumbershasgreatlyreducedthepressureontheenvironmentandcreatedamorepleasantexperienceforvisitors.(對每日游客數(shù)量進行簡單但有效的限制大大減輕了對環(huán)境的壓力，并為游客創(chuàng)造了更加愉快的體驗。)”可知，CiesIslands成功的關鍵在于限制游客數(shù)量。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Beforeboardingtheferryboattotheislands,visitorsmustfirstsecureaQRcodefromtheGalicianregionalgovernmentandpay€25fortheround-tripfare.(在登上前往島嶼的渡輪之前，游客必須先從加利西亞地區(qū)政府獲取二維碼，并支付往返票價25歐元。)”可知，游客想要訪問CiesIslands的一個必要條件是獲得官方二維碼。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中LindaOsti的話“Localgovernmentsshouldtalkmoreabouttheirintentionswiththeircommunities.(地方政府應該更多地與社區(qū)討論他們的意圖。)”以及“‘It’snotjustabouttourism,it’sabouteconomicplanning.Iflocalpeoplehadbetterhousingandemploymentconditions,tourismwouldn’tbesuchaflashpoint.’(“這不僅僅是關于旅游業(yè)的問題，也是關于經(jīng)濟規(guī)劃的問題。如果當?shù)鼐用裼懈玫淖》亢途蜆I(yè)條件，旅游業(yè)就不會成為如此敏感的話題?！?”可以推斷，LindaOsti認為政府應當改善住房條件和就業(yè)狀況。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butthiscarefulbalancewasn’tachievedovernight.Itrequiredlocalauthoritiestotaketoughdecisions,likethecaponvisitors,andtostickwiththem,evenastourismgrewelsewhere.ForJoséBouzas,thelessonisclear:‘Ifyoudon’tconservetheseislands,there’snopoint.You’dendupkillingthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs.’(但這種謹慎的平衡并非一蹴而就。它需要地方當局做出艱難的決定，比如限制游客數(shù)量，并堅持這些決定，即使其他地方的旅游業(yè)在增長。對于JoséBouzas來說，教訓是顯而易見的：“如果你不保護這些島嶼，那就沒有意義了。你會殺死那只下金蛋的鵝?！?”可知，雖然限制游客數(shù)量短期內(nèi)會影響收入，但長遠來看，對島的發(fā)展是有好處的。所以可以推斷出當?shù)禺斁謱⒗^續(xù)執(zhí)行現(xiàn)有的旅游政策，以保護自然環(huán)境。故選B項。DAsmoreandmorespeciesnearextinction,scientistshavebeencollectingsamplesfromanimals,plantsandothercreaturesandstoringtheminbiobanksacrosstheglobe.Butclimatechange,environmentaldisastersandwarsthreatenthesemodernNoah’sarks.Now,ateamofresearchersisbrainstorminganout-of-this-worldsolution:buildingoneofthesevaults(庫)onthemoon.Abiobankinapermanentlyshadowedregionatthemoon’ssouthpolecouldbefarmorestablethanthoseonEarth.Thispartofthemoonusuallyremainsaround-196°Celsius,perfectforstoringmostanimalcellslong-term,marinebiologistMaryHagedornandcolleaguesreportinBioScience.HagedornandcolleaguesdrewinspirationfromtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultinNorwaywhichtakesadvantageofbelow-zeroArctictemperaturestopreservemillionsofseedsfromaroundtheworld.In2017,melting(融化)frozensoilthreatenedtofloodthevault,highlightingtheneedforabackupplan.Adifferentteamhasproposedbuildingalunararkinlava(熔巖)tubesthatrunbeneaththemoon’ssurface.Butthatdesignrequiresasolar-poweredcoolingsystem;anylossofpowerandthesampleswouldbedestroyed.Inthemoon’sforever-frozenshadowedregions,alunarvaultwouldn’tneedenergyorconstanthumanmaintenance,Hagedorn’steamsays.Giventheshadowysouthpole’slowtemperatures,Hagedornsays,avaulttherecouldstore“oneofthemostpowerfulcellsthatwehavetoday”—fibroblasts.Scientistscantransformtheseanimalcellsintostemcells,“andthenthosestemcellscanbeusedforcloning,”shesays.ThecellscouldbevaluableforregeneratingpopulationsofthreatenedorextinctspeciesandforbuildingecosystemsinfuturehumansettlementsonthemoonorMars.Theproposalhasitsshareofbarriers.Forinstance,themoon’spermanentlydarkregionsaren’tfreefromtemperatureswings,sayslunarscientistBenjaminGreenhagenoftheJohnsHopkinsUniversity.“Theyarestillcoldbutperhapsnotalwayscoldenoughforthisprojectwithoutsomeleveloftemperaturemanagement.”12.Whyisthemoonanidealplaceforthebiobank?A.It’snotaffectedbywars. B.It’snotenvironmentallypolluted.C.Ithaspropertemperatures. D.Ithasrichresourcesforresearch.13.WhatledtoHagedorn’sproposalofalunarbiobank?A.Thesolar-poweredcoolingsystem. B.Thelavatubesonthemoon’ssurface.C.TheproblemfacingtheNorwayVault. D.Thediscoveryoficeonthelunarpole.14.Whatcanscientistsusefibroblaststodo?A.Formstemcellsforcloning. B.Exploremoonsoilconditions.C.Helplandhumansonthemoon. D.Improvetheeco-systemoftheearth.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LunarExploration:TheNextFrontierforCloningB.RelievingClimateChange:TheMoonBiobankProjectC.TheMoonasaBackup:ANewSolutionforSeedStorageD.BuildingBiobanksontheMoon:AProposaltoSaveBiodiversity【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述隨著氣候變化和人類活動對地球的威脅日益加劇，科學家們提議在月球上建立一個生物庫，以保護地球上瀕危物種。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thispartofthemoonusuallyremainsaround-196°Celsius,perfectforstoringmostanimalcellslong-term(月球的這一部分通常保持在零下196攝氏度左右，非常適合長期儲存大多數(shù)動物細胞)”可知，月球溫度適宜，是建立生物庫的理想之地，故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“HagedornandcolleaguesdrewinspirationfromtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVaultinNorwaywhichtakesadvantageofbelow-zeroArctictemperaturestopreservemillionsofseedsfromaroundtheworld.In2017,melting(融化)frozensoilthreatenedtofloodthevault,highlightingtheneedforabackupplan.(Hagedorn和他的同事們從挪威的斯瓦爾巴全球種子庫獲得了靈感，該種子庫利用北極零下的溫度保存了來自世界各地的數(shù)百萬顆種子。2017年，融化的凍土有可能淹沒了種子庫，這凸顯了后備計劃的必要性)”可知，挪威的斯瓦爾巴全球種子庫面臨的問題致使Hagedorn提出建立一個月球生物庫，故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Giventheshadowysouthpole’slowtemperatures,Hagedornsays,avaulttherecouldstore“oneofthemostpowerfulcellsthatwehavetoday”—fibroblasts.Scientistscantransformtheseanimalcellsintostemcells,“andthenthosestemcellscanbeusedforcloning,”shesays.(Hagedorn說，鑒于南極陰暗地區(qū)的低溫，那里的一個儲藏室可以儲存“我們今天擁有的最強大的細胞之一”——成纖維細胞?？茖W家們可以將這些動物細胞轉(zhuǎn)化為干細胞，“然后這些干細胞可以用于克隆，”她說。)”可知，成纖維細胞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為干細胞用于克隆，故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結合第一段中“Now,ateamofresearchersisbrainstorminganout-of-this-worldsolution:buildingoneofthesevaults(庫)onthemoon.(現(xiàn)在，一組研究人員正在集思廣益，想出一個天外飛行的解決方案：在月球上建造一個這樣的儲藏庫)”可知，文章主要講述隨著氣候變化和人類活動對地球的威脅日益加劇，科學家們提議在月球上建立一個生物庫，以保護地球上瀕危物種。D項“在月球上建立生物庫：拯救生物多樣性的建議”為最佳標題，故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sometimesitseemsthatwecan’tfeelanyjoyinlife.Weallhavesuchbaddays.However,aninabilitytofeeljoyisnotthenormandrequiresattention.____16____Luckily,therearestepswecantaketogeneratejoy.____17____Learningtorecognizeemotionsthatinhibit(抑制)ourabilitytoaccessjoy.Thiscanhelpusgainaccesstoourpositivecoreemotions.Forexample,whenwefeelanxious,slowdown,breatheandnametheemotion.Oncethebodyfeelscalm,wegetcuriousabouttheemotion’smeaning.Wemayask,“Whatisthisemotionprotectingmefrom?”and“Ifyoumovethisemotionaside,what’sunderneath?”Paysomeoneacompliment(稱贊).____18____Sowitnessingsomeoneelse’shappinesscanmakeussmile,too.Complimentingafriendorco-workercanhelp.Saying“It’snicetoseeyoutoday”goesalongway.Theymaysmileorshowappreciationforyourkindwords.Witnessingtheirjoyandhappinesswillliftyourspirits.Enjoysmallmomentsofpleasure.Imagineyou’reajoydetectiveandtrytoidentifyonepositiveinteractionthatyou’veexperiencedrecently.____19____Whenyounoticeapositivefeeling,trytostaywiththemoment.Inthelongrun,itwilllengthenourexperienceofpositiveemotions.Smile,evenwhenyoudon’tfeellikeit.Whenwe’refeelingdown,smilingmaybethelastthingonourmind.However,turningupthecornersofyourmouthcanlowerstressandboostyourmood.Itisagoodwaytowatchafunnymovie.Noticewhathappenswhenyoulaughorsmile.____20____A.Getoutofabadmood.B.Watchoutforjoyblockers.C.Emotionstendtospreadrapidlyamongpeople.D.Thismayremindyouofapastpleasantexperience.E.Perhapsitwasawarmconversationordinnerwithafriend.F.Chancesarethatyou’llexperienceawaveofjoy,evenforamoment.G.Joylessnesscanaffectourmentalhealth,relationshipandwell-being.【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.E20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過提出一系列建議和方法，旨在幫助讀者在生活中創(chuàng)造和感受更多的快樂。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“However,aninabilitytofeeljoyisnotthenormandrequiresattention.(然而，感受不到快樂并非常態(tài)，這需要引起我們注意)”可知，感受不到快樂需要引起注意。選項G“Joylessnesscanaffectourmentalhealth,relationshipandwell-being.(缺乏快樂會影響我們的心理健康、人際關系和幸福感)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，進一步闡述了感受不到快樂可能對我們的心理健康、人際關系和幸福感產(chǎn)生負面影響，是一個合適的銜接句。故選G?！?7題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Learningtorecognizeemotionsthatinhibit(抑制)ourabilitytoaccessjoy.Thiscanhelpusgainaccesstoourpositivecoreemotions.Forexample,whenwefeelanxious,slowdown,breatheandnametheemotion.Oncethebodyfeelscalm,wegetcuriousabouttheemotion’smeaning.Wemayask,“Whatisthisemotionprotectingmefrom?”and“Ifyoumovethisemotionaside,what’sunderneath?”(學會識別那些抑制我們獲得快樂能力的情緒。這可以幫助我們觸及到積極的內(nèi)心情感。例如，當我們感到焦慮時，放慢節(jié)奏，深呼吸，并給這種情緒命名。一旦身體平靜下來，我們就會對這種情緒的意義產(chǎn)生好奇。我們可能會問：“這種情緒在保護我什么？”以及“如果你把這種情緒放在一邊，下面隱藏的是什么？”)”可知，本段講述的是我們需要了解抑制我們快樂的情緒。選項B“Watchoutforjoyblockers.(警惕快樂的阻礙因素)”與下文內(nèi)容相符，適合作本段主題句。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Sowitnessingsomeoneelse’shappinesscanmakeussmile,too.(因此，看到別人的幸福也會讓我們微笑)”可知，看到別人幸福也會讓我們微笑。選項C“Emotionstendtospreadrapidlyamongpeople.(情緒很容易在人與人之間傳播)”與下文內(nèi)容相符，指的是情緒在人與人之間會迅速傳播，所以看到別人幸福也會讓我們微笑。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Imagineyou’reajoydetectiveandtrytoidentifyonepositiveinteractionthatyou’veexperiencedrecently.(想象你是一個快樂偵探，試著找出你最近經(jīng)歷過的一個積極的互動)”可知，上文要求讀者想象自己是一個快樂的偵探，并嘗試找出最近經(jīng)歷的一次積極的互動。選項E“Perhapsitwasawarmconversationordinnerwithafriend.(這可能是一次與朋友的愉快交流，或者是一起共進晚餐的時光)”給出了一個具體的積極互動的例子，即與朋友之間的溫馨交談或晚餐，與上文內(nèi)容相符。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Noticewhathappenswhenyoulaughorsmile.(注意當你笑或微笑時會發(fā)生什么)”可知，上文要求讀者注意自己笑或微笑時的反應。選項F“Chancesarethatyou’llexperienceawaveofjoy,evenforamoment.(你很有可能會感受到一陣快樂，哪怕這種快樂只是短暫的)”指出笑或微笑很可能會讓你體驗到一陣快樂，哪怕只是短暫的，這與上文的內(nèi)容相呼應。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Whileboardingtheplane,Ifeltanexcitementriseinme.Iwasabouttorealizeadream—travelingabroadaloneforthefirsttime.AndIhadthe____21____togo!Itwasamixtureofpride,recognitionandadmirationformyself.LandingattheSanFranciscoairport,Irealized:I’llhaveto____22____myselfinthistotallystrangecity.ButI’mnotafraid.I’mgoingtotakeadvantageofevery____23____.Thequestionthat____24____memostbeforedeparturewas:AmIreallygoingtobealone?____25____,thisfirsttripalonealsowasthefirsttripduringwhichI____26____manypeople:travelersofallages,allstylesandallorigins.Therefore,Ihave____27____beenalone.I’mnotsayingthatIneverfeltaloneorafraid.Surely,thereweretimeswhenIimaginedhow____28____itwouldhavebeenwithmyfamily,especiallywhenIgotlostwhiletryingtofindmyhotel,andwhenItravelledonanightbusnexttoamanwhokepttalkingtome,so____29____thatIcouldhardlysleep.Thistripgavemeenormous____30____andallthedoubtsandfearsbeforethedeparturehad____31____.Throughoutmy____32____there,Ionlyfeltahugepositiveenergy!Itwasaverywell-plannedtripbutitwasstillthemost____33____journeyIeverhad!Howeverhardwetryto____34____thetrip,therewillalwaysbesurprisesandaccidents.NowIdo____35____whata“richandunforgettableexperience”is.21.A.priority B.freedom C.excuse D.urge22.A.lookfor B.relyon C.trustin D.reflectupon23.A.message B.flight C.moment D.platform24.A.bothered B.interested C.threatened D.comforted25.A.Initially B.Strangely C.Absolutely D.Hopefully26.A.assisted B.amused C.encountered D.guided27.A.finally B.rarely C.apparently D.basically28.A.awkward B.stressful C.complex D.different29.A.annoying B.appealing C.frightening D.inspiring30.A.energy B.warmth C.enjoyment D.honor31.A.disappeared B.deepened C.remained D.emerged32.A.service B.stay C.wait D.research33.A.unnecessary B.unavoidable C.uneventful D.unexpected34.A.plan B.extend C.adjust D.support35.A.suspect B.remember C.understand D.deny【答案】21D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.B28.D29.A30.A31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者獨自去國外旅行的經(jīng)歷和感受。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：并且我很想去。A.priority有限事項；B.freedom自由；C.excuse理由，借口；D.urge強烈的欲望，沖動。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltanexcitementriseinme”以及“dream”可知，作者非常想去，有強烈的欲望，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在舊金山機場降落時，我意識到：在這個完全陌生的城市，我必須依靠自己。A.lookfor尋找；B.relyon依靠；C.trustin信任；D.reflectupon反思。根據(jù)上文“travelingabroadalone”以及空后“inthistotallystrangecity”可知，作者獨自出行，在陌生的城市里只能依靠自己，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我要好好利用每一刻。A.message信息；B.flight航班；C.moment時刻；D.platform平臺。根據(jù)語境以及上文“ButI’mnotafraid.”可知，作者雖然獨自出行在外，但是并不害怕，而是打算好好利用在這里的每一個時刻，故選C。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：出發(fā)前最困擾我的問題是：我真的要一個人去嗎？A.bothered困擾；B.interested使感興趣；C.threatened威脅；D.comforted安慰。根據(jù)上文“Thequestion”和下文“AmIreallygoingtobealone?”可知，作者出發(fā)前這個問題困擾著作者，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有希望的是，這第一次獨自旅行也是我第一次遇到很多人的旅行：各種年齡、各種風格和各種出身的旅行者。A.Initially最初；B.Strangely奇怪地；C.Absolutely絕對；D.Hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)上文“AmIreallygoingtobealone?”和下文“manypeople”可知，上文提到作者出發(fā)前因獨自出行而感到困擾，下文提到很多人，故此處指“有希望的是”，故選D。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.assisted幫助；B.amused逗笑；C.encountered遇見；D.guided指導。根據(jù)下文“travelersofallages,allstylesandallorigins”可知，此處指作者旅行時遇到的很多其他旅行者，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我很少是一個人。A.finally最后；B.rarely很少，罕見；C.apparently明顯地；D.basically基本地。根據(jù)上文“manypeople:travelersofallages,allstylesandallorigins”可知，有很多人一起，作者很少是一個人，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當然，有時候我也會想象和家人在一起會有多么不同，尤其是當我在找酒店的路上迷路的時候，以及當我乘坐夜車時，旁邊有個男人不停地和我