2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期河北高二英語期末典型卷2

第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期河北高二英語期末典型卷2一．完形填空（共1小題）1．AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer.Hewasalsooneofthemost（1）Britishfiguresofthe20thcentury.In1936，Turing（2）thecomputeraspartofhisattemptto（3）adifficultproblem—abigheadachefor（4）atthetime.Turingattackedtheproblemby（5）amachinewitha（n）extremelylongtape.Thetapeis（6）symbolsthatfeedinstructionstothemachine，tellingithowto（7）othersymbols.Technically，thisuniversalTuringmachineisamathematical（8）ofthemoderncomputersweallusetoday.However，Turingalso（9）thatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine.Turing'scontributionstothemodernworldwerenotmerely（10）.Duringthesecondworldwar，Turinginventedamachinethatcould（11）Germancode，whichwassupposedtobe（12）totrack.Afterthewar，Turingcontinuedto（13）hisideasaboutcomputerscience.Hismostfamousworkcamein1950whenhepublishedapaperasking"canmachinesthink？".（14），theTuringtestthatamachinecouldimitatehumanconversationcameintobeing.WhatisfarlessknownaboutTuringisthathewasalong﹣distance（15）andfinishedfifthintheAAAMarathonChampionships，theBritishtrialracefortheOlympicGamesinLondonin1948.Although（16）individualslikeTuringareoften（17）tophysicalexerciseto（18）theirdeeplyintellectualwork，few（19）asgoodattheirsportashedid.Hisrealpassioninlife，apartfromthecomputer，wastorunintheOlympicGames，inthemarathon."Iwasprobably20atthetime，butIsometimesfeltalotolder，"Hesaid.Becausehehadthisextraordinarynaivety，likea15yearold，hebouncedwhenhetalked，andhehadtremendous（20）.（1）A．hopefulB．a(chǎn)mbitiousC．humorousD．influential（2）A．usedB．operatedC．inventedD．a(chǎn)nalyzed（3）A．solveB．raiseC．discoverD．search（4）A．mathematiciansB．engineersC．designersD．conductors（5）A．copyingB．imaginingC．exchangingD．checking（6）A．involvedinB．a(chǎn)ddedtoC．trappedinD．coveredwith（7）A．a(chǎn)ttractB．controlC．a(chǎn)ttackD．trust（8）A．patternB．formC．modelD．guess（9）A．conductedB．a(chǎn)skedC．reflectedD．determined（10）A．favorableB．theoreticalC．strangeD．passionate（11）A．breakB．rememberC．remindD．delete（12）A．necessaryB．dangerousC．unfortunateD．impossible（13）A．developB．recoverC．planD．separate（14）A．GenerallyB．CertainlyC．EventuallyD．Actually（15）A．travellerB．driverC．runnerD．player（16）A．responsibleB．outstandingC．optimisticD．disciplined（17）A．recommendedB．forcedC．drawnD．a(chǎn)dvised（18）A．a(chǎn)ccessB．escapeC．resignD．close（19）A．turnoutB．turnoverC．turnbackD．turninto（20）A．toleranceB．patienceC．persistenceD．enthusiasm二．閱讀理解（共4小題）2．（2024春?重慶期末）ALITTLEPRINCESSbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄7.10（PaperbackDec.9，1998）Thenoveltellsofthestoryofawealthyyounggirl，SaraCrewe，whoissenttoaboardingschoolduringherfather'scampaigninIndia.ThankstoCapt.Crewe'smoney，Saraistreatedasalittleprincessuntil，oneday，wordcomesofherfather'stragicdeath.MissMinchin，theschool'sgreedyheadmistress，wastesnotimeinputtingthenow﹣pennilessSaratoworkforherroomandboard.ItisonlythroughthefriendshipoftwoothergirlsandsomeastonishingluckthatSaraeventuallyfindsherwaybacktohappiness.THESECRETGARDENbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄3.95（PaperbackJuly1，2003）FrancesHodgsonBurnettwasthehighestpaidandmostwidelyreadwomanwriterofhertime，publishingmorethanfiftynovelsandthirteenplays.TheSecretGardenisabeautifultaleoffriendship，secretsandhumanspirits.AspoiledgirlnamedMaryreturnstoEnglandfromIndiawhenherparentsdie.SheissenttoliveinYorkshirewithheruncle.Curiousandlonely，shebeginstoexplorethehouse'sgardensanddiscoversakeytoasecretgardenthattheuncleclosedwhenhiswifedied.Thereshediscoveredasecretsoimportant，socharming，thatitwillchangeherlifeforever.PETERPANbyJ.M.BarrieandScottGustafsonPrice：＄16.95（HardcoverOct.1，1991）Itisachildren'sstoryfullofimaginationandadventures.Aboywhocanflyandmagicallyrefusestogrowup，PeterPanspendshisnever﹣endingchildhoodadventuringonthesmallislandofNeverlandastheleaderofhisgang，theLostBoys，interactingwithmermaids，Indians，fairiesandpirates，andfromtimetotimemeetingordinarychildrenfromtheworldoutside.Orderonlineandyoucannowsave20%offyourtotalpurchaseonordersover＄25!（1）Whatdothesethreebookshaveincommon？A.Theyareallaboutfriendship.B.Theyareallfullofadventure.C.Theyallhavesadendingsandownhardcovers.D.Theyallhavechildrenastheirmaincharacters.（2）WhyisthepriceofPETERPANhigher？A.Becauseithasahardcover.B.Becauseitwaspublishedearliest.C.Becauseitswriterismorefamous.D.Becauseitsstoryismoreinteresting.（3）Howmuchdoesitcosttoorderthesethreebooksonline？A.＄5.60.B.＄22.40.C.＄25.00.D.＄28.00.3．（2024春?西青區(qū)期末）WhenIwasforcedtoputupwithmyson'ssenseofhumor，whichincludedturningeverywordhereadintojokesabouthisfamilymembers，thesearchwason.CouldI，asthesupportiveandpatientparentItrytobe，findtherightbookformyson？Abookthatencourageshimtotollajokewithoutmakinguswanttowashhismouthoutwithsoap？IhadtoadmitIwasn'tconfident.Now，Ihaveabook，JaketheFakeKeepsItReal，athand.Infact，Jakeisnotaperfectkid.Thefirstbookintheseries，JaketheFakeKeepsItReal，openswithJakeexplaininghowhecheatedtogainadmissiontoanartsandmusicacademyforgiftedkids.SowhenJakerealizesthattofitinatartschool，hehastocomeupwithsomestrangeideas，Ialmostdiedlaughing.NotonlydidIthinkitwasfunny，mysondidtoo.Infact，JaketheFakeKeepsItRealturnedouttobeagreatdistraction（使人分心的事物）frommyson'sdisrespectfullyfunnybehavior.AndIwouldmuchratherhavemysonimitateJakebychewing（咀嚼）thesamepieceofgumforsixhoursandthenwritingaplayaboutit.Isucceededinonething：findingafittinglyfunnyrolemodelformyson.Attheendofthebook，inchapter13，Jake，whohasnotalent，hastoperformintheschooltalentshow（obviously，ifyoublowit，youhavetoquitschoolandworkonafishingboat）.Jakesitsdownatthepianobutknowshecan'tdoit，sohestandsupfromthepiano.Here'swherethebookreallywinsmyson'sheartforlife.Maybeoneday，mysonmightsay，asJakedoesafterhismotherpraiseshistalentshowappearanceandhugshimtightly，"She'sprettycoolsometimes，mymom."（1）Howdidtheauthorfindherson'shumour？A.Suitable.B.Boring.C.Interesting.D.Impolite.（2）WhoisJake？A.Agiftedkid.B.Theauthor'sson.C.Acharacterinanovel.D.Anhonestboy.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"imitate"inparagraph3mean？A.Copy.B.Defeat.C.Ignore.D.Entertain.（4）What'sthepossibleresultofJake？A.Hewouldbeagoodfisherman.B.Hewoulddevotehimselftomusic.C.Hemightbepunishedforhismistake.D.Hewouldwinanaward.（5）Whatistheauthor'sintentioninwritingthepassage？A.Tointroduceabookbriefly.B.Toshareaparentingexperience.C.Topromoteartseducation.D.Tofindabookforafunnychild.4．（2020?開福區(qū)校級開學(xué)）Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture﹣in5，000oreven50，000years？Wecanonlymakeguesses，butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday，formanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanexample.Man，evenfivehundredyearsago，wasshorterthanheistoday.Now，onaverage（平均），menareaboutthreeinches（英尺）taller.Again，inthemodernworldweusebrainsagreatdeal.Evenso，westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain'scapacity（容量）.Astimegoeson，however，weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore，andeventuallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetothehead，especiallytheforehead，willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesareusedveryoften.Infact，weusethemsomuchthattheybecomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman'seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand，wetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These，asaresult，arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime，however，ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair？Thiswillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture，then，bothsexesarelikelytobebald（光頭的）.Perhapsallthisshowsthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivebeingtolookat!Thismaywellbetrue.Nomatterhowgreatthechangeis，futuremanwillstillhavealotincommonwithus.（1）Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A．man'slifewillbedifferentinthefutureB．futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusC．manisgrowingtallerastimepasses（2）WhichpartsofmanmentionedinthepassagewillchangeEXCEPT.A．weightandearsB．brainandheightC．a(chǎn)rmsandlegs（3）Thechangeintheman'ssizeoftheforeheadisprobablybecause.A．hemakesuseonly20%ofthebrain'scapacityB．theother80%ofhisbrainwillgrowwithtimeC．hewillusehisbrainmoreandmoreastimegoeson（4）Theunderlinedword"sensitive"meansinChinese.A．纖細(xì)的B．靈敏的C．笨拙的（5）WhatisTRUEaboutahumanbeinginthefuture？A．Hemaybehairlessbecausehairisnolongeruseful.B．Hehassmallereyesandwearsbetterglasses.C．Hisfingersgrowweakerbecausehedoesn'thavetomakeuseofthem.5．（2024?威海二模）Howmuchwaterdoestheaverageadultneedtodrinkeveryday？"Eight8﹣ounceglasses"iscommonadvice，butanytrulyseriousanswertothehow﹣muchquestionwillbeginwithsomeversionofitdepends."ResearchershavelongknownthataregioncalledSFOinthebrainmonitorstheconcentration（濃度）ofwaterandsaltsinbloodandtriggerstheurgetodrink.Buttheyfailedtofullyexplainhowweexperiencethirst.Forexample，whenwegulpadrink，wefeelalmostinstantlysatisfied，andyetittakes10to15minutesforaliquidtoenterourbloodstream.Recentlyneuroscientistshavegainedotherremarkableinsightsintohowthirstismonitoredinthebodyandcontrolledinthebrain.Inaseriesofelegantexperimentswithmice，Zimmerman，aneuroscientist，andhisassociatesmeasuredtheactivityofneurons（神經(jīng)元）intheSFO."Wesawthattheiractivitychangedveryfastwhenthemousedrankwaterordranksaltwaterandwhenitatefood，"hesays.TheresearchersshowedthatsignalsgatheredattheSFOfromseveralplaces."Yougetasignalfromthebloodthattellsyourcurrentstateofhydration（水平衡），asignalfromthemouththattellsyouhowmuchfluidyoudrank，andasignalfromthegutthattellsyouwhatwasconsumed—wasitwater，wasitsomethingelse？"TheSFOneurons，heexplains，"addthesesignalstogether"andthentransmittheurgetodrinkorstopdrinking.ThebigtakeawayofZimmerman'sworkisthatforthemostpartyoucantrustyourthirstsystemtotellyouwhenyouneedtodrink.Butthereareexceptions.Becausethesystem'ssensitivitymaydeclinewithage.Peoplewithcertainhealthconditions，includingkidneystonesanddiarrhea，alsoneedextrawater.Otherpartsofthebrain﹣theonesusedinplanning﹣shouldhelpwithhydrationonhotdaysandwhenexercising.Thirstyornot，Zimmermansays，hedrinkswaterbeforegoingforarun："Mythirstneuronsdon'tknowI'mabouttorun10miles."（1）Whathaslongbeenknownaboutthirst？A.Thirstexperiencevariesamongindividuals.BThirstiscontrolledbythewater﹣saltbalanceinblood.CThirstsatisfactionoccurswithwaterenteringbloodstream.D.Thirstresponseisinfluencedbythetypeofliquidconsumed.（2）What'sthemainideaofparagraph3？A.Whywefeelthirst.B.WhereSFOgetssignals.C.Howweexperiencethirst.D.WhenSFOneuronsgetactive.（3）What'sthemajorconclusionfromZimmerman'sstudy？A.Thirstsystemisgenerallyreliable.B.Illnessmightaffectthirstsensation.C.Brainareasforplanningaidinhydration.D.Brainadjuststoage﹣relatedthirstsensitivity.（4）Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.DrinkYourWaytoHealthB.ApplicationoftheThirstMechanismsC.MisunderstandingofDailyWaterIntakeD.BodyDetectsDailyWaterNeedsCleverly三．信息匹配（共1小題）6．（2024?濰坊三模）Intoday'sfast﹣pacedworld，wherescreentimeisafactoflife，thethoughtoftakingyourkidstoanartgallery—andthemactuallyenjoyingtheexperience—mightseemathanklessandimpossiblechallenge.（1）Surelyachildwon'thavethepatiencetostareatsomethingoutsidethescreen.Infact，artgalleriesserveasinvaluableeducationalandinstructionalresources.Theyinviteyoungviewerstointerpretandconnectwiththeartworkonapersonallevel.Thisexposurenotonlybroadenstheirartistichorizonsbutalsoencouragesthemtoappreciatedifferentwaysofseeingtheworld.Soartgalleriesarepackedwithnutritionformind，heart，andsoul.Butmanykidsarepickyeaters，andtakegalleriesasappetisingasyesterday'sporridge（粥）.（2）Allowyourchildrentofitinontheirownterms.Whosaidthatwalkingaroundagalleryhadtobeslowandmethodical，stoppingtolookateverypicture？（3）Iftheywanttoheadstraightforacertaindisplay，it'snobigdeal.Ifsomethingcatchestheireyeontheothersideoftheroom，farawayfromthePicassoorConstableinthespotlight，that'sabsolutelyfine.WhileitmightsoundlikeI'mnotbeinganartenthusiast，theparticularworkofartissimplynotimportant.Whatreallymattersisthatchildrenbuildaconnectionwithart.（4）Involveolderchildren，eitherwithorwithoutareward，insimplequizzessuchas，"Whocanguesstheartist？"or，"Whocanidentifytheperioditwasmade？"（5）Askquestionssuchas，"Whatexhibitdidyoufindmostexcitingorboring？"or，"Howdidthatpaintingmakeyoufeel？"anddiscussyourdifferentimpressionsofthesameworks.Asanaddedbonus，itwilldeepentheconnectionbetweenyouandyourchildren.Bytakingthisapproach，artisnolongerdullbutsomethingaliveandrelevanttoyoungpeople，andevenarewardingandfascinatingpursuitthatwilllastalifetime.A.Youcanmakeitintoagame.B.Howcantheyfindenjoyment？C.Italwaysenhancestheirinterest.D.Instead，letthemcontrolthepace.E.Talktochildreninthelanguageofemotionsasthisalsoworks.F.Limitingyourvisitto45minutesisperfectforstoppingboredom.G.Afterall，galleriesareforquietreflectionandobservation，right？四．語法填空（共1小題）7．（2024?邯鄲模擬）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InXunpu，F(xiàn)ujianprovince，appealofthetraditionalheaddressisboosting（1）（tour）andexpandingculturalcuriosity.Bornandraisedinthevillage，HuangRongbing（2）（use）towatchhismothermoveawoodencombthroughherlong，thickhair，whichwasasblackascalligrapher'sink."Thatwasthefirstthingshedideverymorning，whosehairwasaboutknee（3）（long）.Sheoftenrolledherhairaroundtwofingers，（4）（form）abun（圓發(fā)髻）onthebackofherhead，"recalledHuang."Thenshewouldput（5）（color）flowersonherheadasdecorations，whichwasknown（6）zanhuaorzanhuawei."VisitorsgotoXunpuandbytheriversideshootphotosand（7）（video）dressedintraditionalChineseclothesandazanhua.Inspiredbythelocalcustom，HuangopensasaloncalledXunpuHuami（8）touristscanhavetheirhairdoneinzanhuastyleandgettheirphotostaken.Thesalonislocatedbyariverside，whichishome（9）restaurantsandcoffeeshopspopularwiththeyoung.Asadailyroutine，Huangputsflowersonacustomer'sbun，whichforms（10）circularshapethatsymbolizesunity，perfection，andcompletion.五．單詞拼寫（共5小題）8．（2022春?建鄴區(qū)校級期末）Havingbeenatschoolfor10months，itisothateverystudentislookingforwardtothecomingsummervacation.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）9．（2017春?深圳期末）They（提供）thesuffererswithfoodandclothes．10．（2016秋?邯鄲期末）Nomatterwhatdifficultyyouwillmeetwithonthewaytosuccess，youshouldnever（灰心）．11．Toavoidsubsequenta，pleaseensurethattheL/Cstipulationsareprecise.12．（2024春?金鳳區(qū)校級期末）However，AIisnotgoingtogoaway.Wehavenochoicebuttoembraceitandr（控制，管理）it.（根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫）六．書面表達(dá)（共2小題）13．（2023?茅箭區(qū)校級模擬）假定你是李華，在抖音上碰巧刷到李女士發(fā)布海邊民宿招租信息，剛好打算今年高考結(jié)束后和五位女伴前往體驗(yàn)生活一周。請寫信向李女士咨詢。內(nèi)容包括：（1）告知行程時(shí)間安排；（2）咨詢房屋相關(guān)具體事項(xiàng)；（3）趕海相關(guān)事宜等。注意：（1）詞數(shù)80詞左右；（2）請?jiān)诖痤}卡相應(yīng)位置作答。參考詞匯：抖音TikTok趕海combthebeach民宿homestayDearMs.Li，______Yourssincerely，LiHua14．（2024?新疆模擬）Tomymother，thefourbasicfoodgroupsaremeat，milk，grainandcoleslaw（涼拌菜絲）﹣piecesofrawcabbage，carrot，onion，etc.mixedwithsauce.Andshealwaysthinkshighlyofherhandmadecoleslaw.Inourhouse，thecoleslawalwaysgoesonthetableinabowl.IloveMom'scoleslaw，buttherewasatimeIdistinctlyrememberwhenitcausedabsolutepanicwithinme.Earlyinthefirstgrade，IracedhomefromschoolwithacollectionofpapershandedtomebymyclassteacherMary.AsIrushedthroughthefrontdoor，IimmediatelyrantothekitchenwhereMomwasmakingchickennoodlesoup.Holdingthepapers，Ibegged，"Readthemtome，Mom，please!"Slowlyshestartedreadingaloud.Ismiledwithdelightasshereadtomewhatseemedanalmostendlesslistofexcitingadventureswaitingformeinthecomingyear.Andthen，ithappened."It'satraditionforamothertobringahomemadetreatfortheclasstoshareonherchild'sbirthday，"sheread."Itneedn'tbeanythingfancy，justsomethingyouenjoymaking."Thewordsfloatedthroughtheairinpainfullyslowmotion.Thephrase"justsomethingyouenjoymaking"keptappearinginsidemyhead.UntilmybirthdayinApril，IlivedinfearthatMomwouldarriveatschoolwithacartfullofhercoleslawforeveryonetoshare.Iimaginedtheclassmateslaughingatme，"Whowouldbringcoleslawonhisbirthday？Oh，stupidTom!"WhenIleftforschoolonthemorningofmybirthday，Momwasmakingcakes.Ihadreliefandwasgladshewouldbringthecakes.Butthen，Ifoundtherewereagreatmanyrawvegetablesinthefridge."Willyoualsomakecoleslawforme，Mom？"Iasked，shocked.注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。PanicsweptovermeasIlookedatMomforananswer."Wow，howdelicious!"Marysaid，andthenalltheothersexpectedthecoleslaw.

2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期河北高二英語期末典型卷2參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer.Hewasalsooneofthemost（1）DBritishfiguresofthe20thcentury.In1936，Turing（2）Cthecomputeraspartofhisattemptto（3）Aadifficultproblem—abigheadachefor（4）Aatthetime.Turingattackedtheproblemby（5）Bamachinewitha（n）extremelylongtape.Thetapeis（6）Dsymbolsthatfeedinstructionstothemachine，tellingithowto（7）Bothersymbols.Technically，thisuniversalTuringmachineisamathematical（8）Cofthemoderncomputersweallusetoday.However，Turingalso（9）Dthatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine.Turing'scontributionstothemodernworldwerenotmerely（10）B.Duringthesecondworldwar，Turinginventedamachinethatcould（11）AGermancode，whichwassupposedtobe（12）Dtotrack.Afterthewar，Turingcontinuedto（13）Ahisideasaboutcomputerscience.Hismostfamousworkcamein1950whenhepublishedapaperasking"canmachinesthink？".（14）C，theTuringtestthatamachinecouldimitatehumanconversationcameintobeing.WhatisfarlessknownaboutTuringisthathewasalong﹣distance（15）CandfinishedfifthintheAAAMarathonChampionships，theBritishtrialracefortheOlympicGamesinLondonin1948.Although（16）BindividualslikeTuringareoften（17）Ctophysicalexerciseto（18）Btheirdeeplyintellectualwork，few（19）Aasgoodattheirsportashedid.Hisrealpassioninlife，apartfromthecomputer，wastorunintheOlympicGames，inthemarathon."Iwasprobably20atthetime，butIsometimesfeltalotolder，"Hesaid.Becausehehadthisextraordinarynaivety，likea15yearold，hebouncedwhenhetalked，andhehadtremendous（20）D.（1）A．hopefulB．a(chǎn)mbitiousC．humorousD．influential（2）A．usedB．operatedC．inventedD．a(chǎn)nalyzed（3）A．solveB．raiseC．discoverD．search（4）A．mathematiciansB．engineersC．designersD．conductors（5）A．copyingB．imaginingC．exchangingD．checking（6）A．involvedinB．a(chǎn)ddedtoC．trappedinD．coveredwith（7）A．a(chǎn)ttractB．controlC．a(chǎn)ttackD．trust（8）A．patternB．formC．modelD．guess（9）A．conductedB．a(chǎn)skedC．reflectedD．determined（10）A．favorableB．theoreticalC．strangeD．passionate（11）A．breakB．rememberC．remindD．delete（12）A．necessaryB．dangerousC．unfortunateD．impossible（13）A．developB．recoverC．planD．separate（14）A．GenerallyB．CertainlyC．EventuallyD．Actually（15）A．travellerB．driverC．runnerD．player（16）A．responsibleB．outstandingC．optimisticD．disciplined（17）A．recommendedB．forcedC．drawnD．a(chǎn)dvised（18）A．a(chǎn)ccessB．escapeC．resignD．close（19）A．turnoutB．turnoverC．turnbackD．turninto（20）A．toleranceB．patienceC．persistenceD．enthusiasm【考點(diǎn)】記敘文；杰出人物．【答案】（1）﹣（5）DCAAB（6）﹣（10）DBCDB（11）﹣（15）ADACC（16）﹣（20）BCBAD【分析】這篇文章主要介紹了AlanTuring的生平和成就。他被譽(yù)為計(jì)算機(jī)之父，他在1936年發(fā)明了計(jì)算機(jī)，以解決當(dāng)時(shí)的一個(gè)難題。他在二戰(zhàn)期間發(fā)明了一臺能破解德國密碼的機(jī)器。此外，他在1950年提出了"機(jī)器能否思考"的問題，從而產(chǎn)生了圖靈測試。不為人知的是，他還是一名長跑運(yùn)動員，曾在1948年倫敦奧運(yùn)會馬拉松比賽中獲得第五名。他的真正熱情除了計(jì)算機(jī)外，還有參加奧運(yùn)會馬拉松比賽?！窘獯稹浚?）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.hopeful有希望的；B.ambitious有抱負(fù)的；C.humorous幽默的；D.influential有影響力的。根據(jù)上文"AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer."可推知，圖靈是最有影響力的人物之一。故選D項(xiàng)。（2）考查動詞及語境理解。A.used使用；B.operated操作；C.invented發(fā)明；D.analyzed分析。根據(jù)上文"AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer."可知，圖靈是計(jì)算機(jī)之父，可以說他發(fā)明了計(jì)算機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)。（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.solve解決；B.raise提升；C.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.search搜查。根據(jù)句中"adifficultproblem"和下文"Turingattackedtheproblemby5amachine"可推知，圖靈發(fā)明了計(jì)算機(jī)是為了解決難題。故選A項(xiàng)。（4）考查名詞及語境理解。A.mathematicians數(shù)學(xué)家；B.engineers工程師；C.designers設(shè)計(jì)師；D.conductors指揮。根據(jù)下文"However，Turingalso5thatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine."可知，圖靈發(fā)明的計(jì)算機(jī)可以用來解決數(shù)學(xué)問題，由此推知，圖靈當(dāng)時(shí)為了解決一個(gè)讓數(shù)學(xué)家們非常頭疼的問題，發(fā)明了計(jì)算機(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)。（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A.copying復(fù)制；B.imagining想像；C.exchanging交換；D.checking檢查。根據(jù)上文可知，為了解決一個(gè)讓數(shù)學(xué)家們非常頭疼的問題，圖靈決定發(fā)明一臺機(jī)器。而這臺機(jī)器是之前沒有的事物，是他想象出來的東西。故選B項(xiàng)。（6）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.（be）involvedin參與；B.（be）addedto被加進(jìn)；C.（be）trappedin陷入困境；D.（be）coveredwith被覆蓋。根據(jù)上文"a（n）extremelylongtape"可推知，這些符號是寫在紙帶上的，所以紙帶上覆蓋著符號。故選D項(xiàng)。（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.attract吸引；B.control控制；C.attack進(jìn)攻；D.trust信任。根據(jù)句中"instructionstothemachine"可推知，這些符號要告訴機(jī)器如何控制其它符號。故選B項(xiàng)。（8）考查名詞及語境理解。A.pattern模式；B.form表格；C.model模型；D.guess猜測。根據(jù)第一段中"AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer."可知，圖靈是計(jì)算機(jī)之父，由些推知，他發(fā)明的通用圖靈機(jī)是現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。故選C項(xiàng)。（9）考查動詞及語境理解。A.conducted實(shí)施；B.asked詢問；C.reflected反映；D.determined查明，確定。根據(jù)句中"thatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine."可知，這是圖靈對自己發(fā)明的通用圖靈機(jī)的認(rèn)識，是他經(jīng)過實(shí)踐確定的事情。故選D項(xiàng)。（10）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.favorable贊成的；B.theoretical理論的；C.strange陌生的；D.passionate熱情的。根據(jù)上文"Technically，thisuniversalTuringmachineisamathematical（8）ofthemoderncomputersweallusetoday."可知，通用圖靈機(jī)是數(shù)學(xué)模型，所以更多的是理論上的貢獻(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。（11）考查動詞及語境理解。A.break破解，破譯；B.remember記得；C.remind提醒；D.delete刪除。根據(jù)句中"Duringthesecondworldwar"和"Germancode"可推知，圖靈發(fā)明的機(jī)器可以破譯二戰(zhàn)中德國的密碼。故選A項(xiàng)。（12）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.necessary必要的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.unfortunate不幸的；D.impossible不可能的。根據(jù)上文"Turing'scontributionstothemodernworldwerenotmerely（8）."可知，破譯德國密碼的機(jī)器也是圖靈對現(xiàn)代世界的貢獻(xiàn)，由此推知，破譯機(jī)器在二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間是巨大的貢獻(xiàn)，因?yàn)榈聡拿艽a被認(rèn)為是無法追蹤。故選D項(xiàng)。（13）考查動詞及語境理解。A.develop發(fā)展；B.recover恢復(fù)；C.plan計(jì)劃；D.separate分離。根據(jù)下文"Hismostfamousworkcamein1950whenhepublishedapaperasking'canmachinesthink？'"可推知，戰(zhàn)后圖靈繼續(xù)發(fā)展計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)思想。故選A項(xiàng)。（14）考查副詞及語境理解。A.Generally大概；B.Certainly確定；C.Eventually最終；D.Actually實(shí)際上。句中"theTuringtest"是圖靈繼續(xù)進(jìn)行研究，最終得到的成果。故選C項(xiàng)。（15）考查名詞及語境理解。A.traveller旅行者；B.driver司機(jī)；C.runner跑步者；D.player運(yùn)動員。根據(jù)句中"finishedfifthintheAAAMarathonChampionships"可知，圖靈也是長跑運(yùn)動員。故選C項(xiàng)。（16）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.disciplined訓(xùn)練有素的。根據(jù)上文可知，圖靈在很多領(lǐng)域作出杰出貢獻(xiàn)，所以他是一個(gè)"杰出的"的個(gè)體。故選B項(xiàng)。（17）考查動詞及語境理解。A.recommended推薦；B.forced強(qiáng)迫；C.drawn吸引；D.advised建議。上文講圖靈是一名優(yōu)秀的長跑運(yùn)動員，結(jié)合句中"individualslikeTuringareoften"可推知，其它像圖靈這樣杰出的人也常常被體育鍛煉所吸引。故選C項(xiàng)。（18）考查動詞及語境理解。A.access接近；B.escape逃避；C.resign辭職；D.close關(guān)閉。結(jié)合常識和句中"theirdeeplyintellectualwork"可推知，這些像圖靈這樣杰出的人參加體育鍛煉是為了逃避他們深奧的智力工作。故選B項(xiàng)。（19）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.turnout最后是，結(jié)果是；B.turnover翻過來；C.turnback往回走；D.turninto變成。根據(jù)句中"asgoodattheirsportashedid."可知，盡管被體育鍛煉所吸引的杰出人才很多，但最終很少有人像圖靈那樣成功。故選A項(xiàng)。（20）考查名詞及語境理解。A.tolerance忍受；B.patience耐心；C.persistence堅(jiān)持不懈；D.enthusiasm激情。根據(jù)句中"hebouncedwhenhetalked"可推知，圖靈充滿了激情。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)評】做完形填空題之前，必須先瀏覽全文，了解短文的大意，這是非常重要的一個(gè)步驟。通過短文所提供的信息，借助語感及相關(guān)知識的推斷，可以從整體上把握短文的輪廓。在通讀全文，了解大意的基礎(chǔ)上，便可著手答題。根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配，并從上下文中找關(guān)鍵性暗示，注意前后對照，逐句精讀，逐題分析選項(xiàng)。所有的答案選出之后，應(yīng)再次通讀全文，對所選的答案進(jìn)行核實(shí)調(diào)整。二．閱讀理解（共4小題）2．（2024春?重慶期末）ALITTLEPRINCESSbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄7.10（PaperbackDec.9，1998）Thenoveltellsofthestoryofawealthyyounggirl，SaraCrewe，whoissenttoaboardingschoolduringherfather'scampaigninIndia.ThankstoCapt.Crewe'smoney，Saraistreatedasalittleprincessuntil，oneday，wordcomesofherfather'stragicdeath.MissMinchin，theschool'sgreedyheadmistress，wastesnotimeinputtingthenow﹣pennilessSaratoworkforherroomandboard.ItisonlythroughthefriendshipoftwoothergirlsandsomeastonishingluckthatSaraeventuallyfindsherwaybacktohappiness.THESECRETGARDENbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄3.95（PaperbackJuly1，2003）FrancesHodgsonBurnettwasthehighestpaidandmostwidelyreadwomanwriterofhertime，publishingmorethanfiftynovelsandthirteenplays.TheSecretGardenisabeautifultaleoffriendship，secretsandhumanspirits.AspoiledgirlnamedMaryreturnstoEnglandfromIndiawhenherparentsdie.SheissenttoliveinYorkshirewithheruncle.Curiousandlonely，shebeginstoexplorethehouse'sgardensanddiscoversakeytoasecretgardenthattheuncleclosedwhenhiswifedied.Thereshediscoveredasecretsoimportant，socharming，thatitwillchangeherlifeforever.PETERPANbyJ.M.BarrieandScottGustafsonPrice：＄16.95（Hard