廣東省揭陽市普寧市2021-2022學年高一下學期期末英語試題

…………○…………內…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○……○…………內…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁…………○…………內…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○……○…………內…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內※※答※※題※※…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁廣東省揭陽市普寧市2021-2022學年高一下學期期末英語試題試卷副標題考試范圍：xxx；考試時間：100分鐘；命題人：xxx題號一二三四五六總分得分注意事項：1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息2．請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上第I卷（選擇題）請點擊修改第I卷的文字說明評卷人得分一、完形填空ThesonofMr.Smith,arichneighbor,usedtocometoseetheblacksmith(鐵匠)everydayandforhoursandhourshewouldenjoyhimself____1____howheworked.“Youngman,whydon’tyoutryyourhandto____2____tomakeshoetacks(鞋釘)?”saidtheblacksmith.“Whoknows,oneday,itmaybeofusetoyou.”Thelazyboybegantoseewhathecoulddo.Butafteralittle____3____hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled(熟練的)andsoonhewasmakingsomeofthe____4____tacks.OldMr.Smithdiedandthesonlostallhis____5____becauseofthewar.Hehadto____6____homeandwasforcedtoliveinanothercountry.Itsohappenedthatinthis____7____thereweremanyshoemakerswhowerespendingalotof____8____tobuytacksfortheirshoesandevenattimeswhentheypaidhighpricestheywerenotalwaysableto____9____whattheywanted,becauseinthatpartofthecountrytherewasa_____10_____demandforsoldiers’shoes.YoungMr.Smith,whowasfindingit_____11_____toearnhisdailybread,rememberedthatonceuponatimehehadlearnedtheartofmakingtacksandhadthesudden_____12_____ofmakingabargainwiththeshoemakers.Hetoldthemthathewouldmakethetacksiftheywouldhelptogethim_____13_____hisworkshop.Theshoemakerswereonlytoogladofthe_____14_____.Andafterawhile,YoungMr.Smithfoundthathewassoonmakingthefinesttacksinthevillage.“_____15_____,”heusedtosay,“makingtackscanbringabigfortune.Mytradeismoreusefultomethanallmyformerfortune.”1．A．helping B．watching C．spotting D．ignoring2．A．reach B．break C．learn D．replace3．A．practice B．adventure C．hesitation D．operation4．A．finest B．worst C．longest D．shortest5．A．break B．shoes C．benefit D．goods6．A．return B．escape C．come D．leave7．A．village B．house C．city D．town8．A．money B．request C．economy D．emotion9．A．enjoy B．get C．pursue D．desire10．A．positive B．impossible C．tough D．high11．A．funny B．exciting C．difficult D．particular12．A．joy B．idea C．test D．choice13．A．satisfiedwith B．concernedabout C．settledin D．experiencedin14．A．help B．goal C．offer D．attitude15．A．Illegally B．Surprisingly C．Eventually D．Slowly第II卷（非選擇題）請點擊修改第II卷的文字說明評卷人得分二、閱讀理解WherearePeopleTravelingThisSummer?Asummervacationshouldbethebesttravelofyouryear,anopportunitytoenjoysunshine,exploreexcitingnewdestinations,discovernewculturesandrelaxinfinerestaurants.Herearesomeofthewonderfulplacesyoucanflyforthissummervacation.Takealookatthemandconsiderwhichonesuitsyoubest.FlytoChicagoThereareplentyofreasonstofollowtheirexamplethissummerifyouarelookingforanexcitingcitybreak.VisitorsflocktoNavyPier,abustling1.5mile-longboardwalkthatisfulloffamily-friendlyattractions.FlytoLondonAtransatlantictriptothecapitaloftheUKbringsyoutoacitythatcombinesancienthistorywithalively,modernurbanculture.SummervisitorscanvisitBuckinghamPalace,hometotheQueen,theHousesofParliament,TowerofLondonandothernationalmonuments.FlytoOrlandoAtriptoOrlandothissummerbringsyoutoavacationwonderlandwithafantasticconcentrationoftouristattractions.ConsistentlyoneofthemostpopulardestinationsofthesummeritwillbeinthetoptentraveldestinationsforAmericansthisyear.Choosefromfamily-friendlyOrlandoresortsandthingstodothatincludeUniversalOrlandoResort,WaltDisneyWorldResortandSeaWorldOrlando.FlytoNewYorkSpendyoursummervacationcyclingaroundCentralPark,takingintheviewofManhattanfromtheferrytotheStatueofLibertyorenjoyingcraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.Thesummerbringsmusicandfilmeventstomanyofthecity’spublicspaces,includingBryantPark,alongsidefoodeventslikeNYCRestaurantWeekattheendofJuly.16．FeelinglikevisitingBuckinghamPalace,whichplaceshouldyouflyto?A．Chicago B．London C．Orlando D．NewYork17．WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbedoneifyouflytoNewYork?A．CyclearoundCentralPark.B．TakeintheviewofManhattan.C．Choosefromfamily-friendlyOrlandoresorts.D．EnjoycraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.18．Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoureadthetext?A．Citytoursandtips B．HobbiesoftheGermans.C．Lifearoundtheworld. D．Fashionontheearth.ParentseverywherearepraisingoneFloridamomaftersheshowedherdaughtertrueloveearlierthismonthinalessonaboutbeinggrateful.HaleyHasselwasshoppingforback-to-schoolsupplies.ShewantedtosurpriseherdaughterPresleighwithapencilcase,whichsheknewherdaughterwouldbehappyabout.Hasselwassurprised,however,whenherlittlegirlthrewthecaseinthegarbageandstormedintoherbedroom,slammingthedoorbehindher.“Sheyelled,‘That’sstupid.Everyoneinmyclasshasthat...Idon’twantitanymore!’”HasselexplainedinaFacebookpost.Hasselsaidshedidn’timmediatelyreactbecauseshewantedtodealwiththeangerproperly.“Sobythetimetherewasprobablysmokecomingoutofmyears,IwastryingreallyhardnottocompletelyloseitwiththiskidwhomIhaveworkedsohardtocompletelytakecareofonmyown,”shewrote.“IthoughtIhadalwaystaughthertobegratefulandknowhowluckyshewas,butsheneededasmallwakeupcall!”Hasselgrabbedaplasticsandwichbag,wrotePresleigh’snameonitandhandedittoher.“Itoldhertogetthepencilcaseoutofthetrashandthatwewouldgiveittoonewhosemommyanddaddydon’thavemoneyforanyschoolsuppliesorsomeonewhomaynotevenhaveamommyordaddy.”Shecontinued,“Iexplainedtohershe’snotentitledto（享有）anythingspecialandsheistakingforgrantedhowluckysheis.Sofornowshewillbeusingabagandwillpersonallybedeliveringtheniceboxtoachildthatcouldbenefitfromit.”19．WhatdidHassel’sdaughterdoaftershereceivedthepencilcase?A．Putitintoherbaghappily. B．Threwthecaseinthegarbage.C．SentHasselagiftinreturn. D．HuggedandkissedHassel.20．WhatcanweinferfromtheHassel’sexplanationsinaFacebookpost?A．Presleighwasastupid.B．Presleighhopedforsomethingspecial.C．Presleighhatedhermothersomuch.D．Presleighrefusedtoacceptanygiftthathermotherboughther.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“butsheneededasmallwakeupcal!”mean?A．Butsheneededtobuyhersomethingspecial.B．Butsheneededtocallherdaughtertowakeupeveryday.C．Butsheneededatimelyremindforherdaughtertobegrateful.D．Butsheneededtobuyheranalarmclocktowakeherupeveryday.22．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHassel?A．Patientandcalm. B．Out-goingandactiveC．Funnyandbrave D．HardworkinganddeterminedTheRussia-Ukraineconflict(俄烏沖突)couldleadtoaglobalfoodcrisis(危機)thatwillhitdevelopingcountriesthehardest,UnitedNations(UN)Secretary-GeneralAntonioGuterreswarnedinStockholmonWednesday.TheRussia-Ukraineconflictiscreatingsufferingand“mustendnow,”Guterressaidatapressconferenceafterthemeeting.Healsocalledforswiftdecisionstoresolvethefoodcrisisthatcouldarisefromtheconflict,puttingdevelopingcountriesmostatrisk.Thesituationisfueling“aglobalcrisisforfood,energyandfinance”thatisaffecting“themostvulnerablepopulations,countriesandeconomies,”hewarned.“A“perfectstorm”isthreateningtodestroytheeconomiesofmanydevelopingcountries,”headded.ThefoodcrisiscannotberesolvedeffectivelyunlessRussia’sfertilizersandfoodproduction,andUkraine’sfoodproductioncanreachworldmarketsagain,heemphasized.AccordingtotheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO),RussiaandUkrainearetheworld’slargestandfifth-largestwheatexporters,respectively(分別地).Together,theyprovide19percentoftheworld’sbarleysupply,14percentofwheatand4percentofcorn,makingupmorethanonethirdofglobalgrainexports.InUkraine,whichisknownasthebreadbasketofEurope,theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheatthatwasplantedmonthsago,whilecornsandsunflowerssown(播種)whentheconflictbrokeoutwereleftunfertilized.ItisestimatedthatUkraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.Moreover,Russiaistheleadingproduceroffertilizers,accountingfor13percentofglobalproduction.LimitingRussianfertilizerexportsduetotheUS’sanctions(制裁)hasledtoariseinglobalfertilizerprices.ThishasforcedfarmersinBrazil,theUnitedStatesandothermajoragriculturalcountriestoreducetheiruseoffertilizers,whichcouldaffectfutureharvests.23．WhatistheGuterres’attitudetowardsendingtheRussia-Ukraineconflict?A．Hesitant. B．Disagreed. C．Uncertain. D．Certain.24．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph6?A．Foodcrisiswillbecomeabigworry.B．Priceswillbeabletochangeourfoodpatterns.C．Cornandwheatwillbethemostimportantfood.D．Theybothplayanimportantroleingrainexportsintheworld.25．WhichoneisNOTtheUkraine’sproblemscausedbytheRussia-Ukraineconflict.A．Theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheat.B．Cornsandsunflowerswereleftunfertilized.C．LimitingRussianfertilizerexportshasledtoariseinglobalfertilizerprices.D．Ukraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.26．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HowtoSolvetheFoodCrisisEffectively.B．TheFoodCrisisCannotBeResolvedEffectively.C．CallsIncreaseforEndingtheRussia-Ukraineconflict.D．UNWarnsofPotentialGlobalFoodCrisisDuetoRussia-UkraineConflict.Ifyouthoughtrunningwasjustgreatforthebody,thenthinkagain.Scientistshavefoundthatthesportnotonlykeepspeoplefitbutalsoimprovesyourbrainpower(腦力).Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhokeepfitaremorelikelytohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking.Theyalsofoundthatunfitpeopletendedtohavesmallerbrainsandreducedcognitiveskills.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidencewhichlinksexercisewithhelpingprotectthebrainagainstageing(老化)andalsohelpingitreplacedyingcells(死細胞).ThismightreducetheriskofmanyillnessesanddiseasessuchasAlzheimer’s.OneresearchpaperwithinitslatestissueseesscientistsatKentuckyUniversityputting30adultsaged59-69onatreadmill(跑步機).TheirheartandlungcapacitywasmeasuredandanMRIscannerwasusedtoassessthebloodflowtotheirbrains.Thosewhowerelessfithadsmallerbrainscomparedtothefittervolunteerswhohadlargerbrains.ScientistsinGermanyfollowed21adultsagedbetween60-77.Astheywentthroughathree-monthfitnessprogram,theysawimprovementsintheirmemory.Researchersarenotyetsurewhyexercisehelpstoprotectbraincellsbutsomeresearchinmicehasproducedresults.Mice,examinedattheNationalInstituteonAgeing,inBaltimore,foundthatcellsinthehippocampus(海馬體),anareaofthebrainusedformemory,wereactivelyreproducingwhiletheirfatterpeerswereindecline.LindaClare,professorofclinicalpsychologyofageinganddementiaatExeterUniversityandamemberoftheGlobalCouncilonBrainHealthtoldTheSundayTimes:“Moderateintensityaerobic(有氧的)activitysuchaswalking,cyclingorrunningcanproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction.”27．Whotendtohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking?A．Peoplewhoarehealthy. B．Peoplewhoarethin.C．Peoplewhoareunhealthy. D．Peoplewhoarefat.28．Whatdowelearnfromtheexperimentinparagraph3?A．Thosewhowerelessfithadlargerbrains.B．Thosewhowerefitterhadsmallerbrains.C．Exercisehelpspeopleimprovetheirmemory.D．Oldpeopledoingexerciseimprovememorybetterthanyoungpeople.29．AccordtoLindaClare,whatkindofactivitycanNOTproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction?A．Walking. B．Singing.C．Cycling. D．Running.30．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Totellyousportimprovesyourbrainpower.B．Tointroducesomegoodwaystokeephealthy.C．Toteachyouhowtobestspendtimeindoingsports.D．Tointroduceseveralwaystoimproveyourmemory.評卷人得分三、七選五HowtoKeepYourPetHealthyYouloveyourpets,andofcourse,youwanttokeepthemhappyandhealthy.It’simportanttoprovideagoodenvironment.Also,makesureyourpetsstayshealthy.____31____.____32____.Dietisthebeginningofkeepingyourpethealthy.Whenyoufirstgetapet,doyourresearchtofindoutthemostsuitabledietanddoyourbesttofollowitstrictly.Forexample,catsarecarnivores,sotrytopickthefoodwiththehighestlevelsofprotein.Provideplentyoffreshwatereveryday.____33____.Formostpets,thatmeansprovidingabowlordishofwaterthatyouchangeoutatleastonceaday.Petsneedtostayhydratedtobehealthy.Providebathsasneeded.Bathingkeepsyourpetclean,andforanimalsthatlikewater,itcanmakethemmuchhappiertoprovidebathsasneeded.Howoftenyoubatheyourpetreallydependsonthespecies.____34____.Otheranimals,likebirds,mayneedbathsorshowersseveraltimesaweekoreveneveryday.Seeyourveterinarian(獸醫(yī))foracheckupandvaccinations(接種疫苗).Justlikeyouneedtogotothedoctorforregularcheckups,yourpetdoes,too.Providingregularcheckupsallowsyourvettocatchproblemsearlybeforetheydevelopintoworseconditions.____35____.Talktoyourvetaboutwhichonesareproperforyourpet.A．ProvideasuitabledietB．ExerciseishealthyforyourpetC．HerearesomewaystokeepyourpetshealthyD．Forexample,dogsoftenneedbathsatleastonceamonthE．Besides,vaccinationscanhelpkeepyourpethappyandhealthyF．Nomatterwhatkindofpetyouhave,itwillneedwaterinsomeformG．Whileyourpetwillplaywithtoysonitsown,itwillenjoyplayingwithyoumuchmore評卷人得分四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。ThehomecrowderuptedwhenChina’sEileenGuwonthewomen’sbigairfreeskiinggoldinBeijing.Gu____36____(jump)intothetoppositionwithherthirdrun,scoring94.50.Hertotalscorewas188.25intheevent’sdebutattheWinterOlympics.Guisan18-year-oldgirl____37____isafreestyleskier,modelandgrade-Astudentwith____38____AmericanfatherandaChinesemother.ShegrewupintheUnitedStates.Itwastherethatshegrewtoloveskiing.By2018,shewasrepresentingtheUS____39____theworldcupforthesport.Then,shedecidedtoswitchfromrepresentingtheUStorepresentingChina.Thedecisionmadeherfanshockedand____40____(confuse),butGuwasdetermined,____41____(share)herreasoningonInstagramatthetime.“Thiswasan____42____(extreme)toughdecisionformetomake...Throughskiing,Ihopetounitepeople,promotecommonunderstanding,createcommunication,andforge____43____(friendship)betweennations...I’mtryingmybesttomaketheworlda____44____(good)placeinmyownway.”saidGu.“IfIcanhelptoinspireoneyounggirl_____45_____(break)aboundary,mywisheswillhavecometrue.”sheadded.評卷人得分五、邀請信46．假定你是李華，2022年9月10日，你市將舉辦中秋節(jié)文化活動。你校外教Abbott對中國傳統(tǒng)文化很感興趣，請你給他寫一封信，邀請他一起來參加，內容包括：1.寫信目的；2.活動時間和地點；3.活動內容和意義。注意：（1）詞數(shù)80左右；（2）可以適當增加細節(jié)以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________評卷人得分六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Lastweek,asIwashavingbreakfastinmytruck,Inoticedaboy,sittingbytheroadwithhisdog.Hewasholdingasignaskingformoneyorfoodtohelpfeedhimandhisdog.Peopledrovepastignoringthem.WhenIfinishedmybreakfast,Idecidedtobuysomefoodforthem.AsIwasleaving,Ipulledupbesidehimandhandedhimabagofbreakfastandasmallbagofdogfood.Iaskedhimifhewouldbewillingtoworkhardforthepay.HeimmediatelysaidthathecouldbethehardestworkerIhadeverseen.Thenextdayhecarriedwoodaroundandfetchedtoolsformealldaywithoutcomplainingonce.Hisdogsimplyfollowedhim.DuringthedayIlearnedabouthissadexperiences.Whentheboywas15yearsold,hismotherbecamecriticallyill.Hisfather,whotookcareoftheboy’smother,couldnotgoouttowork,andthepoorboyhadtodropoutofschoolbecauseofbeingunabletoaffordhisschooltuition.Beingtooyoung,hefailedtofindajob.hehadtobegnearhishometohelphisparents.Amonthlater,Ipaidhim$2000,thelookonhisfacewaswellworthit.Myaimlessactofkindnessseemedtoputspark(活力)backinhiseyes.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右。2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。AfterthatIcontinuedtoofferhimsomeworkandpayhim._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tearsofjoyfloodedtheboy’seyes.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁參考答案：1．B2．C3．A4．A5．D6．D7．A8．A9．B10．D11．C12．B13．C14．C15．B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了年輕的史密斯先生學會了一門做鞋釘?shù)氖炙?，后來父親去世，因為戰(zhàn)爭他失去了所有的東西，但是當他不得不離開家鄉(xiāng)謀生時，他的這門手藝卻給他帶來了財富和驚喜。1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個富有的鄰居史密斯先生的兒子過去每天都來看鐵匠，一個小時又一個小時地看著他如何工作。A.helping幫助；B.watching觀看；C.spotting發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.ignoring忽略。結合空格前的“everydayandforhoursandhours”和空格后的“howheworked”可知史密斯先生的兒子應該是“看”鐵匠如何工作。故選B。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕人，你為什么不試試你的手來學做鞋釘？A.reach到達；B.break中斷；C.learn學習；D.replace更換。結合空格前的“whydon’tyoutryyourhand”可知是鐵匠詢問年輕人為什么不學做鞋釘。故選C。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但經過一點練習后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變得非常熟練，很快他就開始制作一些最好的鞋釘。A.practice練習；B.adventure冒險；C.hesitation猶豫；D.operation操作。結合前文“Thelazyboybegantoseewhathecoulddo.”和后文“hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled”可知經過一點練習，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變得非常熟練。故選A。4．考查形容詞最高級詞義辨析。句意：但經過一點練習后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變得非常熟練，很快他就開始制作一些最好的鞋釘。A.finest最好的；B.worst最差的；C.longest最長的；D.shortest最短的。結合前文“hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled”可知很快他就開始制作一些最好的鞋釘。故選A。5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于戰(zhàn)爭，老史密斯先生去世了，兒子失去了所有的財產。A.break休息，暫停；B.shoes鞋子；C.benefit利益；D.goods商品，私人財產。結合前文“OldMr.Smithdied”和空格后的“becauseofthewar”推斷因為父親去世和戰(zhàn)爭，兒子失去了所有的財產。故選D。6．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他不得不離家，被迫住在另一個國家。A.return返回；B.escape逃生；C.come來；D.leave離開。結合空格后句子“wasforcedtoliveinanothercountry”，可知是被迫離開家。故選D。7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：碰巧在這個村子里，有很多鞋匠花了很多錢買鞋釘，甚至有時他們付高價時，也不能總是得到他們想要的東西，因為在這個國家的那個地區(qū)，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.village村莊；B.house房屋；C.city城市；D.town城鎮(zhèn)。根據(jù)14空后的“Andafterawhile,YoungMr.Smithfoundthathewassoonmakingthefinesttacksinthevillage.”可知village是同詞復現(xiàn)，這里表示碰巧在這個村子里。故選A。8．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：碰巧在這個村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的錢買鞋釘，甚至有時他們付高價時，也不能總是得到他們想要的東西，因為在這個國家的那個地區(qū)，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.money金錢；B.request要求；C.economy經濟；D.emotion情感。結合空格前的“spending”和空格后的“buytacks”推斷是有很多鞋匠正在花大量的錢買鞋釘。故選A。9．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：碰巧在這個村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的錢買鞋釘，甚至有時他們付高價時，也不能總是得到他們想要的東西，因為在這個國家的那個地區(qū)，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.enjoy享受；B.get獲得；C.pursue追求；D.desire期望。結合前文“evenattimeswhentheypaidhighpricestheywerenotalwaysableto”可以推斷是有時花高價錢也不能得到他們想要的東西。故選B。10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：碰巧在這個村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的錢買鞋釘，甚至有時他們付高價時，也不能總是得到他們想要的東西，因為在這個國家的那個地區(qū)，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.positive積極的，肯定的；B.impossible不可能的；C.tough堅韌的；D.high高的。結合前文提到有很多鞋匠正在花大量的錢買鞋釘，甚至有時他們付高價時，也不能總是得到鞋釘，可知用ahighdemandfor，意為“對……有高的需求”表示士兵的鞋子需求量很大。故選D。11．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕的史密斯先生發(fā)現(xiàn)每天都很難謀生，他記起了從前他學會了做鞋釘?shù)氖炙嚕蝗幌氲揭托秤憙r還價的主意。A.funny有趣的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.difficult困難的；D.particular特別的。結合前文提到戰(zhàn)爭，人們花高價買鞋釘，可推斷年輕的史密斯先生很難謀生。故選C。12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕的史密斯先生發(fā)現(xiàn)每天都很難謀生，他記起了從前他學會了做鞋釘?shù)氖炙?，突然想到要和鞋匠討價還價的主意。A.joy快樂；B.idea想法；C.test測試；D.choice選擇。結合空格前的“rememberedthatonceuponatimehehadlearnedtheartofmakingtacks”和空格后的“ofmakingabargainwiththeshoemakers”可知是他記起了從前他學會了做鞋釘?shù)氖炙?，突然想到要和鞋匠討價還價的主意。故選B。13．考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：他告訴他們，如果他們能幫他在他的車間安頓下來，他就做鞋釘。A.satisfiedwith對……滿意；B.concernedabout對……關心；C.settledin定居，安頓下來；D.experiencedin在……經驗豐富。結合空格后的賓語“hisworkshop”可知用settledin表示“安頓下來”符合題意。故選C。14．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鞋匠們對這個提議非常高興。A.help幫助；B.goal目標；C.offer報價，主動提議；D.attitude態(tài)度。結合前文的“Hetoldthemthathewouldmakethetacksiftheywouldhelptogethim___13___hisworkshop.”可知是鞋匠們對這個提議非常高興。故選C。15．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“出人意料的是，”他常說，“做鞋釘可以帶來很大的財富。我的生意對我來說比我以前所有的財富都有用。”A.Illegally非法地；B.Surprisingly令人驚訝地，出乎意料地；C.Eventually最終地；D.Slowly緩慢地。結合后文“makingtackscanbringabigfortune.Mytradeismoreusefultomethanallmyformerfortune.”可知做鞋釘能夠帶來巨大財富這件事是出人意料的。故選B。16．B17．C18．A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了適合暑假去旅行的一些城市。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlytoLondon部分“SummervisitorscanvisitBuckinghamPalace,hometotheQueen,theHousesofParliament,TowerofLondonandothernationalmonuments.(夏季游客可以參觀白金漢宮、女王故居、議會大廈、倫敦塔和其他國家紀念館)”可知，如果想?yún)⒂^白金漢宮，你應該飛往倫敦。故選B項。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlytoNewYork部分“SpendyoursummervacationcyclingaroundCentralPark,takingintheviewofManhattanfromtheferrytotheStatueofLibertyorenjoyingcraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.(暑假期間，你可以在中央公園周圍騎自行車，欣賞曼哈頓的景色，乘渡輪去自由女神像，或在布魯克林品嘗手工啤酒和各色美食)”可知，如果你飛到紐約，你可以在中央公園周圍騎自行車、欣賞曼哈頓的景色并在布魯克林享受手工啤酒和各種美食，文中沒有提及選擇家庭友好型奧蘭多度假村。故選C項。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Asummervacationshouldbethebesttravelofyouryear,anopportunitytoenjoysunshine,exploreexcitingnewdestinations,discovernewculturesandrelaxinfinerestaurants.Herearesomeofthewonderfulplacesyoucanflyforthissummervacation.(暑假應該是你一年中最好的旅行時間，是一個享受陽光、探索令人興奮的新目的地、發(fā)現(xiàn)新文化和在高檔餐館放松的機會。這里有一些很棒的地方，你可以在這個暑假飛到那里去)”可知，本文主要介紹了適合暑假去旅行的一些城市，文章可能出自網站的城市旅游和建議部分。故選A項。19．B20．B21．C22．A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位母親教育自己的孩子要知道感恩的故事。19．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hasselwassurprised,however,whenherlittlegirlthrewthecaseinthegarbageandstormedintoherbedroom,slammingthedoorbehindher.(然而，當她的小女兒把鉛筆盒扔進垃圾桶，然后沖進臥室，把門重重地關上時，Hassel感到很驚訝。)”可知，Hassel的女兒在收到鉛筆盒時，把鉛筆盒扔進了垃圾桶。故選B。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““Sheyelled,‘That’sstupid.Everyoneinmyclasshasthat...Idon’twantitanymore!’”HasselexplainedinaFacebookpost.(“她喊道，‘這太愚蠢了。我班上每個人都有……我不想要了!’”Hassel在臉書上解釋道。)”可推斷，Hassel的女兒希望得到一些特別的東西。故選B。21．詞句猜測題。劃線句子的前一句““IthoughtIhadalwaystaughthertobegratefulandknowhowluckyshewas(我以為我一直教她要感恩，要知道她有多幸運，”)”可知，她一直覺得自己教育得很好，讓孩子知道感恩，而女兒的這一反應讓她很震驚也很失望。再根據(jù)下文“Shecontinued,“Iexplainedtohershe’snotentitledto（享有）anythingspecialandsheistakingforgrantedhowluckysheis.Sofornowshewillbeusingabagandwillpersonallybedeliveringtheniceboxtoachildthatcouldbenefitfromit.”(她繼續(xù)說道：“我向她解釋說，她沒有權利享有任何特別的東西，也不應該認為自己的幸運是理所當然的。所以現(xiàn)在她需要用一個袋子，并親自把這個漂亮的盒子送給可能從中受益的孩子?！?”可知，她覺得應該給孩子敲敲警鐘，提提醒，讓孩子要懂得感恩。故選C。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Sobythetimetherewasprobablysmokecomingoutofmyears,IwastryingreallyhardnottocompletelyloseitwiththiskidwhomIhaveworkedsohardtocompletelytakecareofonmyown,”shewrote.(她寫道：“所以當我火冒三丈的時候，我非常努力地不讓自己完全失去對這個孩子的感情，我這么努力地要自己完全照顧這個孩子。”)”可推斷她很有耐心；再根據(jù)第二段“Hasselsaidshedidn’timmediatelyreactbecauseshewantedtodealwiththeangerproperly.(Hassel說，她沒有立即做出反應，因為她想恰當?shù)貞獙嵟?”可推斷，她遇事很冷靜。故選A。23．D24．D25．C26．D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章強調俄烏沖突可能導致全球糧食危機，并分析了其原因和影響。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheRussia-Ukraineconflictiscreatingsufferingand“mustendnow,”Guterressaidatapressconferenceafterthemeeting.(古特雷斯在會后的新聞發(fā)布會上說，俄烏沖突正在造成痛苦，“現(xiàn)在必須結束”。)”，可知古特雷斯對結束俄烏沖突持肯定的態(tài)度。certain意為“肯定的，確定的，無疑的”符合題意。故選D。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“AccordingtotheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO),RussiaandUkrainearetheworld’slargestandfifth-largestwheatexporters,respectively(分別地).Together,theyprovide19percentoftheworld’sbarleysupply,14percentofwheatand4percentofcorn,makingupmorethanonethirdofglobalgrainexports.(根據(jù)聯(lián)合國糧食及農業(yè)組織（FAO），俄羅斯和烏克蘭分別是世界上最大和第五大小麥出口國。加在一起，它們提供了全球19%的大麥供應、14%的小麥和4%的玉米，占全球糧食出口的三分之一以上。)”，可知俄羅斯和烏克蘭都在世界糧食出口中發(fā)揮著重要作用。故選D。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“InUkraine,whichisknownasthebreadbasketofEurope,theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheatthatwasplantedmonthsago,whilecornsandsunflowerssown(播種)whentheconflictbrokeoutwereleftunfertilized.ItisestimatedthatUkraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.(在被稱為歐洲糧倉的烏克蘭，沖突導致數(shù)月前種植的小麥未經收割，而沖突爆發(fā)時播種的玉米和向日葵則未施肥。據(jù)估計，烏克蘭的糧食產量在當前季節(jié)可能下降50%以上。)”，可知C選項（限制俄羅斯化肥出口導致全球化肥價格上漲。）不是俄烏沖突引起的烏克蘭問題。故選C。26．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheRussia-Ukraineconflict(俄烏沖突)couldleadtoaglobalfoodcrisis(危機)thatwillhitdevelopingcountriesthehardest,UnitedNations(UN)Secretary-GeneralAntonioGuterreswarnedinStockholmonWednesday.(聯(lián)合國秘書長安東尼奧·古特雷斯周三在斯德哥爾摩警告說，俄羅斯-烏克蘭沖突可能導致全球糧食危機，對發(fā)展中國家的打擊最為嚴重。)”，結合本文隨后分析了俄烏沖突可能導致全球糧食危機的原因和影響?？芍狣選項（聯(lián)合國警告俄羅斯-烏克蘭沖突可能引發(fā)全球糧食危機。）是適合本文的標題。故選D。27．A28．C29．B30．A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了運動不僅可以讓人保持健康，還可以提高人們的腦力。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhokeepfitaremorelikelytohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，保持健康的人更有可能擁有更大的大腦、更好的記憶力和更清晰的思維)”可知，健康的人可能擁有更大的大腦、更好的記憶力和更清晰的思維。故選A項。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Astheywentthroughathree-monthfitnessprogram,theysawimprovementsintheirmemory.(當他們進行為期三個月的健身計劃時，他們的記憶力有所改善)”可知，從實驗中可以得知，鍛煉有助于人們提高記憶力。故選C項。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Moderateintensityaerobicactivitysuchaswalking,cyclingorrunningcanproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction.(中等強度的有氧運動，如步行、騎自行車或跑步，可以改變大腦結構和功能)”可知，步行、騎自行車或跑步可以改變大腦結構和功能，沒有提及唱歌。故選B項。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavefoundthatthesportnotonlykeepspeoplefitbutalsoimprovesyourbrainpower.(科學家已經發(fā)現(xiàn)，這項運動不僅能讓人保持健康，還能提高你的腦力)”以及文章內容可知，本文主要介紹了運動不僅可以讓人保持健康，還可以提高人們的腦力，作者寫作的目的