廣東省珠海市部分重點高中2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中考試試卷英語試題含答案

英語試題本試卷共12頁，滿分120分，考試用時120分鐘注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必把自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。2.做選擇題時，必須用2B鉛筆把答題卷上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。3.非選擇題必須使用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆，將答案寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上指定位置作答，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。5.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第I卷閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿50分）第一節(jié)（共15題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）ADustoffyoursuitcasetosetupyourout-of-office.TheUKhassomehiddenplacesworthyofashortvacation.Thefollowingarethestylishaccommodationsyoucanchooseduringyourvacation.TheCowShedinWoodbridgeMixingcaravan(大篷車)lifeandcampingtogether,theCowShedcouldonlybedesignedinachild'simagination.Andofcourse,it'ssituatedonafarmtoprovidethefullexperience.Itsleepsuptofourguests,withtheinteriorgivingyouwarm,rustic(淳樸的)atmosphere.Toiletandshowerfacilitiesarelocatedonthegrounds.TheBadgerPodinAchiltibuieIfyoureallyfancygoingoff-grid(離網(wǎng)),thisBadgerPodinAchiltibuie,Scotland,istheplaceforyou.Inasmall,remotevillageontheNorth-WestcoastoftheScottishHighlands,you'llbefarawayfromallyourday-to-daystresses.Sleepingtwoguestsinanout-sizedbed,itisperfectforacouple'sretreatawayfromthefamily.TheMoonConkerinLlanafan-fawrLocatedinasmallruralvillageinWales,theMoonConkeristheperfectplacetounwindandrestawayfrombusyday-to-daylifeandbeatonewithnature.Sleepingtwoguestsinasuperking-sizedbedforextracomfort,youcanobservethenightskythroughoneofthemanyskylightsintheConker.TheRiversideCabininCornwallSituatedrightontheedgeofastreaminprime,picturesqueCornishcountryside,theRiversideCabinisthekindofdelightfulescapemanypeopledreamof.Thisplaceiscosyyetairy.It'sjusta20-minutedrivetoFalmouth,anartisticcoastaltownthat'sfullofsmallindependentbarsandrestaurants.1．WhatisspecialabouttheCowShedinWoodbridge?A．Itislocatedonafarm.B．Ithashomeyatmosphere.C．Itstoiletisputonthegrounds.D．Itcombinescaravanlifewithcamping.2．Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A．Theyareonthecoast.B．Theysleepuptofourguests.C．Theyareimaginativeinshapes.D．Theyallowtravelerstoembracenature.3．Whoisthetextintendedfor?A．Historyresearchers. B．Travellovers.C．Geographyexperts. D．Sciencefictionwriters.BMalloryHaskesurfsnearlyeverydayinthesummer,anditreallyannoyshertoseetrashinthewateroronthebeach.SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatconnectedsurfingandtrash.Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.“Thefeelingofcatchingawaveisfantastic.It’ssuchamentalrelease,”saidHaske,standingonthebeachwaxing(上蠟)hernewlyfinishedtrashboard.“Ireallyhopeitfloats.”HerteacherassignedtheprojectmonthsagoandwassurprisedtoseehowHaske’senthusiasmaboutitgrewthroughouttheschoolyear.“Noteverystudentfoundherpassion,butshedid,”saidtheteacher.“I’msuperproudofher.”O(jiān)verthewinter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fast-foodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.“Itwasdefinitelyauniquechallenge,”Haskesaid.Shelandedasponsorandraisedmoneyfromfriendstocreatethesurfboard,whichcostabout$1,000.Hasketookcustomordersandhelpedpeoplebuildtheirownsurfboards.Makingoneoutoftrashwasafirstforher.Nearlytheentireboardwasmadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.OnTuesdayafterschool,Haskewentoutandattemptedtorideawaveonhernewboard,butthemostlyflatconditionsmadeitdifficult.Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.“It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,”Haskesaidaftercomingoutofthewater.“It’smadeforlargewaves.”4．WhydidHaskemakethesurfboard?A．Toputtrashtothebestuse. B．Totakeasurfingcompetition.C．Topursueherpassionforsurfing. D．Todrawattentiontooceanpollution.5．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHaske?A．Proudandreliable. B．Responsibleandinnovative.C．Toughandfaithful. D．Imaginativeanddesperate.6．HowdidHaskemakethesurfboard?A．Withthehelpofenvironmentalists.B．Bycooperatingwithherparents.C．Byusingthetrashcollectedfromthebeach.D．Undertheguidanceofherteacher.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upbeat”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Optimistic. B．Cautious. C．Peaceful. D．Discouraged.CIthaslongbeenbelievedthatthesmartphonesinourpocketsareactuallymakingusdumb(遲鈍的).Nowthereisevidenceforit.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexasatAustindiscoveredthatpeopleareworseatcompletingtasksandrememberinginformationifasmartphoneiswithinsight.Intwoexperimentstheyfoundphonessittingonadeskoreveninapocketorahandbagwoulddistract(使分心)usersandleadtoworsetestscoresevenwhentheyweresetupnottodisturbtestsubjects.Theresearcherstested520universitystudentsontheirmemoryandintelligencewhentheywereinthepresenceofasmartphonetoseehowitaffectedthem.Theyweretoldtocompletetestsinmathematics,memoryandreasoningwiththeirsmartphoneseitherontheirdesks,intheirbagsorpockets,orinanotherroom.Thosewhohadtheirphonesonthedeskrecordeda10percentlowerscorethanthosewholefttheminadifferentroom.Thosewhokepttheirphonesfurtheroutofsightintheirpocketsortheirbagsscoredonlyslightlybetterthanthosewhosephoneswereplacedondesks.Theresearchersfoundthatthenegativeeffectofhavingaphonewithinsightwasgreateramongthosewhosaidtheyweredependentontheirsmartphones.Itwasalsofoundthatphonescoulddistractusersevenwhentheywereturnedofforwhentheywereplacedfacedown.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectarisesbecausepartofthesmartphoneusers’mindistryingnottothinkaboutdistractionssuchaswhethertheyhaveanymessageswhenthesmartphoneisintheirlineofsight.Similarresearchhaspreviouslyshownthatsmartphonescanleada“butterflybraineffect”onusersthatcancausementalblunders(錯誤).8．TheresearchersattheUniversityofTexascarriesoutthestudytotest.A．wheresmartphonesshouldbeplacedB．whoweredependentonsmartphonesC．universitystudents’dailyuseofsmartphonesD．smartphones’effectonstudents’intelligenceandmemory9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiments?A．Smartphonesdon’taffectstudentsifputoutofsight.B．Smartphonesdon’tdistractstudentswhenturnedoff.C．Studentsgotlowerscoresinthepresenceofsmartphones.D．Studentsweredistractednomatterwheretheirphoneswereplaced.10．Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Thecauseoftheproblem. B．Thebutterflybraineffect.C．Thementalblunders. D．Thefutureresearch.11．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Theharmofsmartphones B．SmartphonesmakeusdumbC．Limitouruseofsmartphones D．TheproblemofsmartphoneaddictionDForadultswhohavestruggledwithunderstandingnewmathhomeworkorsurprisedathowquicklykidscanlearnasecondlanguage,thereisnewevidencethatshowskidscanreallylearnthingsmuchfasterthanadults.AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA．Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromBrownUniversityusedneuro-imagingtechniquestoexaminevisualperceptive(視覺感知的)learninginelementaryschool-agedchildrenandadults.Participantswereshownanumberofdifferentimagesandwerelateraskedquestionsaboutthemfollowingthetest.VisuallearningcausedanincreaseofGABAinchildren’svisualcortex,theareaofthebrainthatprocessesvisualinformation.However,GABAlevelsdidn’tchangeintheadultswhotookthesamevisualtests.Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.”saidSebastianM.Frank,theco-authorofthestudy.“OurresultsthereforepointtoGABAasakeyplayerinmakinglearningmoreefficientinchildren.”Theseresults,theauthorsargue,shouldencourageteachersandparentstokeepgivingchildrenopportunitiestolearnanythingfromridingabiketoplayinganinstrumentthroughouttheirchildhood.Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.12．What’sthefunctionofGABA?A．Sendspecificmessagestothebrain. B．Dealwithcomplexmathproblems.C．Makethenervoussystemmoreactive. D．Increaseefficiencyinlearningnewthings.13．Whatdoweknowaboutthechildrentakingthevisualtest?A．TheirGABAconcentrationskeptincreasingaftertraining.B．Theirlearningabilitiesstillneededtobeimproved.C．Theycouldremembermoreimagesthanadults.D．Theyweresurpassedbyadultsinlearningabilities.14．Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch?A．Bycomparingparticipants’reaction. B．Byanalyzingstatistics.C．Bycollectingrelativeevidence. D．Byconductingonlinesurvey15．WhatdoesTakeoWatanabewanttosayinthelastparagraph?A．Neuro-scientistsdon’tfullyunderstandbrainmaturityinchildren.B．Childrenarenotmatureintheirbehaviorandcognition.C．Ittakesalongtimeforchildren’sbrainstobefullymature.D．Children’sbrainmaturitydoesnotaffecttheirlearningabilities.第二節(jié)（共5題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）Doyoufeelyourlifeislosingitspassion(熱情)—asthougheverythingyoudo,likeworkandstudy,isboringandempty?Alifepassionisn’tsomethingthatdropsonyoufromtheheavenorappearsfromthinair.16Ifyouwanttobegintodaytodisplayyourtrueselfandregainyourownpassioninlife,herearesomemeasuresyoucantaketogetstarted.17Getasmallpocketnotebookandkeepitwithyou.Keepthememoryoftimeswhenyoufeelhappyandfulfilled.Whatareyoudoingwhenyoufeelgood?Writeitdowninyournotebook.Payattentiontowhatfeelsgoodtoyou.Letgoofshould18IshouldstayinthisjobbecauseIcan'tfindabetterone.Ishouldbecameateacherbecausemyparentswantmeto.IshouldnottrysomethingnewbecauseI'lllookfoolish.Throwawaythiswordfromyourvocabularywhileonyourpassionsearch.Appreciateyourskills.Maybeyouaren'tanartistatsomething,butyouhavemanyskills.19Askyourfriendsandparentswhatyouaregoodat---nomatterhowsmall.Makealistofyourskills,andmakenoteoftheskillsyoureallyenjoy.KeeptryingTheprocessoffindingyourpassionmaytakeacoupleofyears.Youmayhavetotryafewandgiveupafewthingsbeforeyoudiscoverwhatyoufeelgreat.Itmaygraduallysurroundyouratherthanknockyouinthehead.20A．Youmaynotrecognizethem,butothersdo.B．Maybeyouwillbecomestrongerandmoreconfident.C．Recognizeyourjoy.D．Manypeopleholdthemselvesbackfromhappinessbecauseoftheword“should”.E．Havepatienceandkeepdigging.F．Howcanyoulivewithpassionwhenyouhaveaholeinyourheart?G．Discoveringyourpassionisaprocessofself-discovering.二、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，共15分）Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slowanduncomfortabletrainsranacrossthis21country,makingjourneyssuchasShanghai-Beijingatestofthetraveler’s22.Today,it’sacompletely23picture.Thecountryhastheworld’slargestnetworkofhigh-speedrailways.Thelinesofatotal37,900kilometersacrossthecountry24allofitsmajormega-cities,andallhavebeencompleted25since2008.Thenetworkisexpectedtodouble26again,toover70,000kilometers,by2035.MuchlikeJapan’sShinkansen(新干線)inthe1960s,theyareasymbolofthecountry’srisingeconomicpower,27modernization,growingtechnologicalcapabilityandincreasingprosperity.Buttheprocesstotoday’s28wasnevereasy.ThelargesizeofChinaanditsgreat29ingeology(地質(zhì))andclimatehave30therailwayengineerswithincrediblechallenges.Fromsometimes31Harbininthefarnorthtothealwayshotandhumid(潮濕的)PearlRiverDeltacities,andfromLanzhoutoUrumqiacrosstheGobiDesert,China’sengineershavequickly32uniquetechniquesindrivingrailwaysover,underandthroughwhatever33intheirpath.China’shigh-speedrailwaysystemisnowtryingtoconnect34countries,likeextendingsoutheasttoLaosandThailand,crossingtheHimalayastoIndiaandPakistan,and35CentralAsiancountrieslikeKazakhstanandUzbekistan.21．A．a(chǎn)ncient B．vast C．Asian D．modern22．A．patience B．expense C．a(chǎn)ge D．heart23．A．finished B．painted C．expensive D．different24．A．enlarge B．combine C．link D．improve25．A．rather B．a(chǎn)lso C．still D．just26．A．inlength B．inwidth C．insize D．incapacity27．A．sudden B．vital C．rapid D．total28．A．movement B．a(chǎn)chievement C．a(chǎn)greement D．equipment29．A．degree B．height C．diversity D．similarity30．A．enabled B．instructed C．faced D．presented31．A．frozen B．heated C．flooded D．stuck32．A．borrowed B．developed C．learned D．searched33．A．lasts B．remains C．rises D．lies34．A．neighboring B．developing C．existing D．supporting35．A．keeping B．helping C．reaching D．shaping第II卷（非選擇題）三、語法填空（共15小題，每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,36Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight37(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal38(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,39(use)twigs(樹枝)toremoveit.Overtime,40thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich41(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,42livedfromroughly551to479B．C．,influencedthe43(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand44(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat45theirhands.四、書信寫作（共二節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華,你市最近新建了一個大型海洋公園——OceanKingdom,請你給留學(xué)生朋友David寫一封電子郵件,邀請他周末一起去游玩。內(nèi)容包括:1.寫信目的;2.海洋主題公園活動介紹;3.約定見面時間及地點注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右:2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearDavid,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AGIFTFORGRANDPASummervacationwascoming.JackandhisbrotherBerlinwerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofvisitingtheirgrandparentsagain.Thebigdaycameatlast.Afterthehappyfamilygotready,theysetoutforthegrandparents’eagerly.Ontheway,thebrotherswereexcitedlytalkingaboutthefuntheyhadwithgrandparents.Alittlebluehousewithatallwhitechimneyfinallyappeared.BehindthepropertywastheforestcarryingtheirgoodmemorieswithGrandpa.Theyarrivedatthedriveway,attheendofwhichGrandmawaswaitingforthemjoyfully.JackandBerlineachgaveGrandmaabighugandthenswepttothelivingroom,shouting

excitedly“Grandpa,weareback!”Seeinghisgrandsons,Grandpawaswildwithjoyandtriedtogetupwithallhisstrengthfromthechairbutinvain.Ahelplessexpressionflashedonhisface.Grandmaexplainedthathishealthwasdecliningrapidlyandmaybecouldn’tstanduponhisownforever.ButGrandpadeclaredstubbornly(倔強地),“Ican!”Certainly,hewasstuckinhisboyishway.Mumandgrandparentswerehappytomeetagainafteralongtime.Theysattogetherandchattedaboutwhathappenedrecently.Thebrothersweresoonboredwithadultconversation,wentoutandwanderedintotheforest.Talltreesstretcheduptotheheavenswithlargebranchescrossingeachother,whileyoungonesrosestraightlikesoldiers.Grandpawasonceagreatexplorerfullofwisdom.Hecouldtellwherethebirdscamefromonlybytheircallsandsongs.Thetrees,birds,lizards,lotsofbugs...HowmanymerrymomentstheyspentwithGrandpainthekingdom!ButnowGrandpacouldn’tgetup.Thismadethemworried.“We’dthinkoutawaytocheerhimup.”Jacksaid.“Grandpaisabirdlover,andwecancatchhimabird.”Berlinsuggested.“Buthehatesbirdsbeingcaged!”Jackshookhishead.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ThenabrightideacametoJack’smind.“Whynotmakeacane(拐杖)outofayoungtree!”.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JackandBerlinhandedthecanetoGrandpa.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

英語試題參考答案題號12345678910答案DDBDBCADCB題號11121314151617181920答案BDAADGCDAE題號21222324252627282930答案BADCDACBCD題號3132333435答案ABDAC1．D2．D3．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了英國四個值得一游的隱藏地點和它們各自的特色住宿。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheCowShedinWoodbridge部分的“Mixingcaravan(大篷車)lifeandcampingtogether,theCowShedcouldonlybedesignedinachild’simagination.(將房車生活和露營結(jié)合在一起，牛棚只能出自孩子的想象。)”可知，CowShed的特殊之處在于它將大篷車生活和露營結(jié)合在一起。故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheCowShedinWoodbridge部分的“Andofcourse,it’ssituatedonafarmtoprovidethefullexperience.Itsleepsuptofourguests,withtheinteriorgivingyouwarm,rustic(淳樸的)atmosphere.(當(dāng)然，它位于農(nóng)場，提供完整的體驗。它最多可容納四名客人，內(nèi)部給您帶來溫暖、淳樸的氛圍。)”、TheBadgerPodinAchiltibuie部分的“Asmall,remotevillageontheNorth-WestcoastoftheScottishHighlands,you’llbefarawayfromallyourday-to-daystresses.(蘇格蘭高地西北海岸的一個小村莊，你將遠離日常的所有壓力。)”、TheMoonConkerinLlanafan-fawr部分的“LocatedinasmallruralvillageinWales,theMoonConkeristheperfectplacetounwindandrestawayfrombusyday-to-daylifeandbeatonewithnature.(威爾士的一個小鄉(xiāng)村里的“月榛子”（MoonConker）是遠離繁忙的日常生活、放松身心、與自然融為一體的理想之地。)”以及TheRiversideCabininCornwall部分的“Foundrightontheedgeofastreaminprime,picturesqueCornishcountryside,theRiversideCabinisthekindofdelightfulescapemanypeopledreamof.Thisplaceiscosyyetairy.(河畔小屋坐落在風(fēng)景如畫的康沃爾鄉(xiāng)村的一條小溪邊，是許多人夢寐以求的那種令人愉快的逃避。這個地方既舒適又通風(fēng)。)”可知，這四個地方都允許旅行者擁抱自然，這是它們的共同點。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Dustoffyoursuitcasetosetupyourout-of-office.TheUKhassomehiddenplacesworthyofashortvacation.Thefollowingarethestylishaccommodationsyoucanchooseduringyourvacation.(把你的行李箱擦干凈，開始你的假期吧。英國有一些隱藏的地方值得一游。以下是你度假時可以選擇的時尚住宿。)”可知，文章主要介紹了英國四個值得一游的隱藏地點和它們各自的特色住宿，因此可以推斷其目標(biāo)人群是那些旅游愛好者。故選B。4．D5．B6．C7．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MalloryHaske利用海邊撿的垃圾來制作沖浪板，并借此提醒人們注意保護環(huán)境的故事。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.(她收集了海灘上的垃圾，并用它制作了一個沖浪板，以提高人們對海洋污染的認識。)”可知，Haske制作沖浪板是因為她想以此來提高人們保護海洋的意識。故選D項。5．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其第一段中“SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatconnectedsurfingandtrash.(因此，當(dāng)她的高中英語老師布置了一個充滿激情的項目時，哈斯克想出了一個創(chuàng)造性的想法，將沖浪和垃圾聯(lián)系在一起。)”以及第二段第一句“Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.(她收集了海灘上的垃圾，并用它制作了一個沖浪板，以提高人們對海洋污染的認識。)”可知，Haske注意海洋環(huán)境保護，是一個有責(zé)任心的人，用垃圾制作沖浪板說明有創(chuàng)意。故選B項。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Overthewinter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fast-foodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.(整個冬天，即將畢業(yè)的哈斯克在度假區(qū)的海灘上收集垃圾，包括煙頭、瓶蓋、快餐容器和口罩。)”和第五段最后一句“Nearlytheentireboardismadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.(幾乎整個板子都是由回收材料和垃圾制成的)”可知，Haske的沖浪板是由她在海邊撿到的垃圾制作成的。故選C項。7．詞句猜測題。通過畫線詞的前半句“Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.‘It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,’Haskesaidaftercomingoutofthewater.‘It’smadeforlargewaves.’(她自己做的沖浪板的前端一直在水下，但哈斯克保持upbeat。哈斯克從水里出來后說：‘它在前面很沉，但它將成為我最好的朋友。它是為大浪而造的。’)”可知，雖然沖浪板不太好用，前端無法翹出水面，但Haske依舊很喜歡這塊板，認為它適合大浪時的沖浪，upbeat應(yīng)與upbeat意思相近，表示“樂觀的，積極的”。故選A項。8．D9．C10．B11．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，智能手機會降低人們的智力和注意力，從而會讓我們變得遲鈍。8．細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Theresearcherstested520universitystudentsontheirmemoryandintelligencewhentheywereinthepresenceofasmartphonetoseehowitaffectedthem.(研究人員對520名大學(xué)生在使用智能手機時的記憶力和智力進行了測試，以了解智能手機對他們的影響。)”可知，研究者主要研究智能手機對學(xué)生智力和記憶的影響。故選D項。9．細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Thosewhohadtheirphonesonthedeskrecordeda10percentlowerscorethanthosewholefttheminadifferentroom.(那些把手機放在桌子上的人的得分比那些把手機留在另一個房間的人低10%。)”可知，學(xué)生們在有智能手機的情況下得分較低。故選C項。10．推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Similarresearchhaspreviouslyshownthatsmartphonescanleada‘butterflybraineffect’onusersthatcancausementalblunders(錯誤).(此前類似的研究表明，智能手機會對用戶產(chǎn)生‘蝴蝶大腦效應(yīng)’，從而導(dǎo)致精神錯誤。)”可知，下段可能會講‘蝴蝶大腦效應(yīng)’。故選B項。11．主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Ithaslongbeenbelievedthatthesmartphonesinourpocketsareactuallymakingusdumb(遲鈍的).Nowthereisevidenceforit.(長期以來，人們一直認為口袋里的智能手機實際上讓我們變得遲鈍?，F(xiàn)在有證據(jù)證明了這一點。)”和第二段“ResearchersattheUniversityofTexasatAustindiscoveredthatpeopleareworseatcompletingtasksandrememberinginformationifasmartphoneiswithinsight.Intwoexperimentstheyfoundphonessittingonadeskoreveninapocketorahandbagwoulddistract(使分心)usersandleadtoworsetestscoresevenwhentheyweresetupnottodisturbtestsubjects.(得克薩斯大學(xué)奧斯汀分校的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果智能手機在視線范圍內(nèi)，人們在完成任務(wù)和記憶信息方面會更差。在兩項實驗中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)放在桌子上，甚至放在口袋或手提包里的手機會分散用戶的注意力，并導(dǎo)致更差的考試成績，即使它們被設(shè)置為不打擾受試者。)”以及后文可知，本文講研究表明，智能手機實際上降低人們的智力和注意力，從而會讓我們變得遲鈍，所以B項Smartphonesmakeusdumb(智能手機讓我們變遲鈍)符合語境。故選B項。12．D13．A14．A15．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了對于那些很難理解新的數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)或?qū)⒆訉W(xué)習(xí)第二語言的速度感到驚訝的成年人來說，有新的證據(jù)表明，孩子學(xué)習(xí)東西的速度真的比成年人快得多。解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過和發(fā)現(xiàn)。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA.Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.(發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兒童和成人大腦中一種名為γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的關(guān)鍵信使的濃度不同。這種信使通過阻斷身體中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中的特定信號來減慢大腦的速度。它還具有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，被認為在控制與焦慮、壓力和恐懼相關(guān)的神經(jīng)細胞的過度活動方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。所有這些都有助于學(xué)習(xí)新事物)”可知，GABA的功能是提高學(xué)習(xí)新事物的效率。故選D。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.(此外，兒童參與者在訓(xùn)練結(jié)束后的幾個小時內(nèi)GABA的濃度都在增加，而成人參與者的GABA濃度則保持不變)”可知，參加視力測試的孩子訓(xùn)練后GABA濃度持續(xù)升高。故選A。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.(在隨后的行為實驗中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們在一段時間內(nèi)確實比成年人學(xué)到了更多的東西)”可知，研究人員通過比較參與者的反應(yīng)進行研究。故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)也可能改變神經(jīng)科學(xué)家對兒童大腦成熟度的看法。研究報告的合著者TakeoWatanabe說：“雖然兒童的大腦還沒有完全成熟，他們的許多行為和認知功能還沒有成年人那么有效，但總的來說，兒童的學(xué)習(xí)能力并沒有被成年人超越?！?”可知，TakeoWatanabe在最后一段想說兒童大腦的成熟度并不影響他們的學(xué)習(xí)能力。故選D。16．G17．C18．D19．A20．E這是一篇說明文，介紹了找回生活熱情的方法。16．根據(jù)上文“Alifepassionisn’tsomethingthatdropsonyoufromtheheavenorappearsfromthinair.(生活熱情不是從天而降，也不是憑空出現(xiàn)的)”表示，生活熱情不是自然而生的，G項內(nèi)容可以承接上文，表示發(fā)現(xiàn)你的熱情是一個自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程，是可以通過發(fā)現(xiàn)自我，認識自我的過程獲得熱情，呼應(yīng)下文“Ifyouwanttobegintodaytodisplayyourtrueselfandregainyourownpassioninlife,herearesomemeasuresyoucantaketogetstarted.(如果你想從今天開始，展現(xiàn)真實的自己，重獲生活的熱情，你可以采取以下一些措施)”及最后一段首句“Theprocessoffindingyourpassionmaytakeacoupleofyears.(找到激情的過程可能需要幾年的時間)”，找回生活激情是一個過程，是有方法的。故選G項。17．此處為第二段的小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)概括第二段“Getasmallpocketnotebookandkeepitwithyou.Keepthememoryoftimeswhenyoufeelhappyandfulfilled.Whatareyoudoingwhenyoufeelgood?Writeitdowninyournotebook.Payattentiontowhatfeelsgoodtoyou.(隨身攜帶一個袖珍筆記本。記住那些你感到快樂和充實的時光。當(dāng)你感覺良好的時候，你在做什么?把它記在你的筆記本上。注意什么讓你感覺良好)”，拿起筆記錄下快樂時刻的感想，C項Recognizeyourjoy.識別快樂，符合語境，故選C項。18．本段小標(biāo)題Letgoofshould表示舍棄各種“應(yīng)該”，D項Manypeopleholdthemselvesbackfromhappinessbecauseoftheword“should”.（許多人因為“應(yīng)該”這個詞而阻礙了自己的幸福）should呼應(yīng)了標(biāo)題，銜接下文的具體舉例。讓一些自己不喜歡卻又認為應(yīng)該的事情磨滅自己的生活熱情。故選D項。19．根據(jù)上文“Maybeyouaren'tanartistatsomething,butyouhavemanyskills.(也許你不是某方面的藝術(shù)家，但你有很多技能)”,A項Youmaynotrecognizethem,butothersdo.中“them”呼應(yīng)