【高二下期末】陜西省渭南市臨渭區(qū)2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2/2臨渭區(qū)2021～2022學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共10頁(yè)，全卷滿分150分，答題時(shí)間為120分鐘；2.答卷前，考生須準(zhǔn)確填寫自己的姓名、學(xué)校、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的姓名、學(xué)校、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)；3.本試卷由選擇題和非選擇題兩大部分組成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂，非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書寫，涂寫要工整、清晰；4.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考員將試題卷、答題卡一并收回。第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.HowoftendoesthemangototheUSforpleasure?A.Onceayear.B.Twiceayear.C.Threetimesayear.2.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?A.Ateacher.B.AnarchitectC.Asecretary.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacanteen.B.Atabank.C.Ataclinic.4.Whichmagazinedoesthemanreadregularly?A.FashionToday.B.ComputerWorld.C.Keepingfit.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Terribleweather.B.Personalproperty.C.Financialnews.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中線選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whereisthewoman’sseatprobablyonherboardingpass?A.In14A.B.In14B.C.In15A.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Strangers.B.Colleagues.C.Relatives.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatpositiondoesthewomanapplyfor?A.Aneditor.B.Aphotographer.C.Awriter.9.Whenwillthewomanhaveaninterview?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatkindofmusicdoesCobraStarshipplay?A.Rock.B.Dancepop.C.Countrymusic.11.Whatistheman’sfather?A.Ateacher.B.Asinger.C.ADJ.12.What’sthedatetoday?A.July7.B.July10.C.July17.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydidthemanorganizetheevents?A.Forpleasure.B.Fordonations.C.Forschoolwork.14.Howdidthemanadvertisetheevents?A.Byposter.B.Byphone.C.ByInternet.15.Howdidthemanfeelafterthefirstevent?A.Excited.B.Disappointed.C.Relieved.16.Whicheventdidthemanlikebest?A.Thedogshow.B.TheSundaysale.C.Thecookingcompetition.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredidthespeakerworkfirstbeforehebecameatreesurgeon?A.Inahotel.B.Inacollege.C.Inalawcompany.18.Whydoesthespeakerthinatreeout?A.It’stoobigB.Itneedsmorelight.C.Itaffectsthewall.19.Whatwasthespeaker’sattitudetowardstheinsurancecompany’ssuggestion?A.Understanding.B.Confused.C.Disapproving.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdobeforeheclimbsatree?A.Hehasavisualcheck.B.Heoperatesamachine.C.Heremovesthedeadwood.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThereisakindofwomanintheworldwhohastheabilitytoaccomplishthedifficultchallengesoftheirownlifeandtoinspireotherstoachievegreatthings.They’restrongandindependent,wiseandsuccessful,talentedandbrave,andcanteachallofusalot.StillAlice

Inthisfilm,wecancatchaglimpseofafamily’srelationships,fears,concernsandstruggles.Thefilm’smaincharacterAlice,aged50,copesbravelywithAlzheimer’sdisease:she’stheperfectexampleofaniron-willedwoman.JulianneMoore’samazingperformanceaddsextracharmtothischaracter.ErinBrockovich

ThefilmisaboutErinBrockovich,astrongyeteasily-hurtwoman,butordinaryweaknessisnotallowedinhersituation.Shemaynotbeagenius,butherpersistenceandconcernforothersallowhertoachievetheimpossible:avictoryoverapowerfulandmajorcorporationthatisliterallypoisoningpeople.Whenyouareabouttogiveuponsomething,simplywatchthismovieformotivation.TheDevilWearsPrada

AsassistanttoimpossiblydemandingNewYorkfashionmagazineeditorMirandaPriestly,youngAndySachshaslandedajobthat“amilliongirlswoulddiefor.”Unfortunately,herheaven-sentappointmentasMiranda’sassistantjustmightbethedeathofher!There’saveryclassiclineinthefilm:Letmeknowwhenyourwholelifegoesupinsmoke.Thatmeansit’stimeforapromotion.MonaLisaSmile

Thismovieteachesyouaboutdignity,courageandpersistence,andthecentralthemeislearningtohaveamindofyourown.KatherineWatsonisarecentUCLAgraduatehiredtoteacharthistoryattheall-femaleWellesleyCollege,in1953.Determinedtofaceuptotheoutdatedcustomsofsociety,Katherineinspireshertraditionalstudentstochallengethelivestheyareexpectedtolead.1.Whichfilmwouldyourecommendtoyourgrandmotherifshewereseriouslyill?A.ErinBrockovich. B.StillAlice. C.MonaLisaSmile. D.TheDevilWearsPrada.2.WhatdoesthefilmErinBrockovichconvey?A.Neverevercompromise. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Crossthebridgewhenyoucometoit. D.Don’tputthecartbeforethehorse.3.Whatdothefourfilmshaveincommon?A.Winninganumberoffilmawards. B.Singinghighpraiseforgreatwomen.C.Namingallthesefilmsafterwomen. D.Fightingforwomen’ssocialstatus.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四部歌頌偉大女性的電影?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)StillAlice中“Thefilm’smaincharacterAlice,aged50,copesbravelywithAlzheimer’sdisease:she’stheperfectexampleofaniron-willedwoman.”（這部電影的主角愛(ài)麗絲，50歲，勇敢地應(yīng)對(duì)阿爾茨海默氏癥：她是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)女人的完美例子。）可知，如果你的祖母病得很重，你會(huì)推薦她看StillAlice這部電影。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ErinBrockovich中“ThefilmisaboutErinBrockovich,astrongyeteasily-hurtwoman,butordinaryweaknessisnotallowedinhersituation.Shemaynotbeagenius,butherpersistenceandconcernforothersallowhertoachievetheimpossible:avictoryoverapowerfulandmajorcorporationthatisliterallypoisoningpeople.”（這部電影講述的是艾琳·布羅科維奇，一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)但容易受傷的女人，但在她的情況下，普通的軟弱是不允許的。她可能不是一個(gè)天才，但她的堅(jiān)持和對(duì)他人的關(guān)心讓她實(shí)現(xiàn)了不可能的目標(biāo)：戰(zhàn)勝一家強(qiáng)大的大公司，這家公司實(shí)際上是在毒害人們。）和“Whenyouareabouttogiveuponsomething,simplywatchthismovieformotivation.”（當(dāng)你打算放棄某件事時(shí)，只要看這部電影就可以獲得動(dòng)力。）可知，電影ErinBrockovich講述了艾琳·布羅科維奇在任何情況下都不妥協(xié)的故事，傳達(dá)了永遠(yuǎn)不要妥協(xié)的精神。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thereisakindofwomanintheworldwhohastheabilitytoaccomplishthedifficultchallengesoftheirownlifeandtoinspireotherstoachievegreatthings.They’restrongandindependent,wiseandsuccessful,talentedandbrave,andcanteachallofusalot.”（世界上有這樣一種女人，她有能力完成自己生活中的困難挑戰(zhàn)，并激勵(lì)他人成就偉大的事業(yè)。她們強(qiáng)壯而獨(dú)立，聰明而成功，才華橫溢而勇敢，可以教會(huì)我們很多。）可知，文章介紹的四部電影都在歌頌偉大的女性。故選B項(xiàng)。BMikeMushawjoinedthenationalbonemarrowregistry(骨髓登記)threeyearsagobychance.Sixmonthslater,hegotacall.The21-year-oldfootballplayer'sbonemarrowmatchedapatientinVirginia.Mushawgaveasecondthoughttothedonation,becauseapartfromsomerisks,heneverknewwhetherhisdonationworked.“FinallyIsaidyes,”Mushawtoldthejournalist.“Oncetheytookmyblood,Ithought,‘Allright,thisisreal.Thisisgoingtohappen.’”Mushawdidn'tknowitatthetime,buthisdonationwouldgotoafive-month-oldgirlnamedEleanorwhowassickwithararediseasediagnosedwhenshewasonlythreemonthsold.Daysandweekspassing,herconditionhadbecomemoredire.“Eleanorwasgoingtodiewithoutabonemarrowtransplant,”hermother,Jessica,said.“Thechoicesweretoeithergetatransplantordieearly.Luckily,Mushaw’sbonecuredher.”Mushawdidn'tknowanyofthisuntilmonthsafterhisdonation.Aboutsixmonthsaftertheprocedure,Eleanor'sparentssenthimane-mailtothankhimforhisselflesslove.Theirsurprisingconnectionwasbeginning.Mushawkeptcheckingonherprogress.Eleanorfocusedherattentiononhim,too,bywatchinghisfootballgamesonTV.InAugust,MushawinvitedherfamilytodrivefromVirginiatoConnecticuttomeetatoneofhisgames.Theyhadagoodtimetogether.InJanuary,MushawreunitedwithEleanor,thistimeinVirginia,tocelebrateherbirthday.Itwilllikelybefirstofmanycelebrationstogether.“Asaparent,itfeelsreallygreattowatchsomeoneloveyourkidasmuchasyoudo,”Jessicasays.“Weweretwocompletestrangers,andnowwe'vebecomesuchabigpartofeachother'slives.”4.WhydidMushawhesitateatfirst?A.Hewasafootballplayer. B.Hewouldfacesomedanger.C.Heknewitwouldn'tworkatall. D.Hedidn'tknowwhetherhisriskswereworthy.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dire”inparagraph3mean?A.Serious. B.Complicated. C.Relieved. D.Hopeful.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMushaw?A.Kindbuthesitant. B.Activeandconfident.C.Worriedbutenergetic. D.Selflessandconsiderate.7.WhatcanwelearnthroughMushaw'sstory?A.Whyhealthmatters. B.Nevermakeexcuses.C.Howtobeagoodperson. D.Lovebringspeopletogether.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MikeMushaw的骨髓與一位患有一種罕見(jiàn)免疫缺陷疾病且只有五個(gè)月大的小女孩配對(duì)成功。他不僅救了這個(gè)小女孩，并與小女孩的一家建立了深厚的友誼?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Mushawgaveasecondthoughttothedonation,becauseapartfromsomerisks,heneverknewwhetherhisdonationworked.（Mushaw重新考慮了捐贈(zèng)，因?yàn)槌艘恍╋L(fēng)險(xiǎn)，他從不知道他的捐贈(zèng)是否有效。）”可知，起初Mushaw懷疑他的捐贈(zèng)是否有效。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Mushawdidn'tknowitatthetime,buthisdonationwouldgotoafive-month-oldgirlnamedEleanorwhowassickwithararediseasediagnosedwhenshewasonlythreemonthsold.（Mushaw當(dāng)時(shí)并不知道，他的捐款將捐給一個(gè)名Eleanor的5個(gè)月大的女孩。埃莉諾在3個(gè)月大時(shí)就被診斷出患有一種罕見(jiàn)的疾病。）”以及第四段第一句““Eleanorwasgoingtodiewithoutabonemarrowtransplant,”hermother,Jessica,said.（如果不進(jìn)行骨髓移植，Eleanor就會(huì)死去，”她的母親Jessica說(shuō)。）”可知，三個(gè)月大的Eleanor病情日益加重，得不到救治就會(huì)死去，因此可以推斷出dire與A項(xiàng)的serious意思相同，意為“嚴(yán)重的”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容“Mushawdidn'tknowanyofthisuntilmonthsafterhisdonation.Aboutsixmonthsaftertheprocedure,Eleanor'sparentssenthimane-mailtothankhimforhisselflesslove.（Mushaw捐款幾個(gè)月后才知道這些。手術(shù)后大約六個(gè)月，Eleanor的父母給他發(fā)了一封電子郵件，感謝他無(wú)私的愛(ài)。）”以及最后一段第一句內(nèi)容“InJanuary,MushawreunitedwithEleanor,thistimeinVirginia,tocelebrateherbirthday.（1月，Mushaw和Eleanor團(tuán)聚，這次是在弗吉尼亞，慶祝她的生日。）”可知，Mushaw的捐贈(zèng)以及為被捐助者慶祝生日，都可以體現(xiàn)出Mushaw的無(wú)私和體貼。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句““Asaparent,itfeelsreallygreattowatchsomeoneloveyourkidasmuchasyoudo,”Jessicasays.“Weweretwocompletestrangers,andnowwe'vebecomesuchabigpartofeachother'slives.”（Jessica說(shuō)：“作為一名家長(zhǎng)，看到有人像自己一樣愛(ài)自己的孩子，感覺(jué)真的很棒。”“我們?cè)?jīng)是完全陌生的兩個(gè)人，現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)成為彼此生活中如此重要的一部分?！保币约敖Y(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，我們能從Mushaw的故事中學(xué)到愛(ài)可以使人們緊緊地團(tuán)結(jié)在一起。故選D項(xiàng)。CManyrobotshavebeensenttoexploreMars.Suchrobotshaveusuallylookedlikeaboxwithwheels.Theserobotsareusefulbutextremelyexpensive,andtheybreakeasily.Also,theycannotdomanytasks.Soscientistshavebeendeveloping“snakebots”,whichmovelikesnakes.Thewayasnakeisshapedletsitgetintoverysmallspaceslikecracksinrocks.Itcanalsopushitswaybelowthegroundorclimbupdifferentkindsofobjects,likehighrocksandtrees.Asnakebotwouldbeabletodothesethings,too,makingitmuchmoreeffectivethanregularrobotsonwheelswhicheasilygetstuckorfallover.Sincetheycancarrytools,snakebotswouldbeabletoworkinspaceaswell.Theycould,forexample,helprepairtheInternationalSpaceStation.Asnakebotisbuiltlikeachainmadeofaboutthirtypartsormodules.Eachmoduleisbasicallythesameinthattheyallhaveasmallcomputerandawheeltoaidmovement.Thelargecomputerinthe“head”ofthesnakemakesallofthemodulesinasnakebotworktogether.Themodulardesignofthesnakebothasmanyadvantages.Ifonemodulefails,anothercanbeaddedeasily.Snakebotmodulescanalsocarrydifferentkindsoftools,aswellascameras.Sinceeachmoduleisactuallyarobotinitself,onemodulecanworkapartfromtherestifnecessary.Thatis,allthemodulescanseparateandmoveontheirown,andthenlater,reconnectbackintoalargerrobot.Researchersarealsotryingtodevelopsnakebotsmadeofaspecialkindofplasticthatcanchangeitsshapeusingelectricity,almostlikeanimalmuscles.Snakebotsmadewiththisplasticwillbeverystrongandhardtobreak.Overall,thesnakebotdesignismuchsimplerthanthatofcommonrobots.Thus,snakebotswillbemuchlessexpensivetobuild.Withtheirversatility(多功能性)andaffordability,snakebotsseemtobethewaveofthefuture,atleastasfarasspacerobotsareconcerned.8.Whichcharacteristicmakessnakebotsusefulforexploringspace?A.Theyaremadeofplastics. B.Theycanmovefreely.C.Theycanchangetheirshapeeasily. D.Theyareattachedtocameras.9.Whatisthepurposeofthethirdparagraph?A.Todescribeasnakebot’sdisadvantages.B.Tostressasnakebot’s“head”isimportant.C.ToexplainthewayasnakebotisstructuredD.Toshowtheadvancementofcomputersciencetechnology.10.Whatcouldcauseasnakebottofail?A.Losingonewheel. B.Fallingintoahole.C.Itsheadcomingoff. D.Allitsmodulesbeingbroken.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thefutureofspaceexploration.B.Whatasnakebotlookslikeandcando.C.Howmodulardesignbenefitsmachinery.D.Differencesbetweensnakebotsandotherrobots.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家一直在開(kāi)發(fā)的“蛇形機(jī)器人”的構(gòu)造、功能及其優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Sincetheycancarrytools,snakebotswouldbeabletoworkinspaceaswell.(因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢詳y帶工具，蛇形機(jī)器人也可以在太空中工作)”以及第四段“Snakebotmodulescanalsocarrydifferentkindsoftools,aswellascameras.(蛇形機(jī)器人模塊還可以攜帶不同種類的工具以及攝像機(jī))”可知，蛇形機(jī)器人可以連接到攝像機(jī)上，這使其在探索太空方面很有用處。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Asnakebotisbuiltlikeachainmadeofaboutthirtypartsormodules.Eachmoduleisbasicallythesameinthattheyallhaveasmallcomputerandawheeltoaidmovement.Thelargecomputerinthe“head”ofthesnakemakesallofthemodulesinasnakebotworktogether.(蛇形機(jī)器人就像由大約30個(gè)部分或模塊組成的鏈條。每個(gè)模塊基本相同，它們都有一臺(tái)小型計(jì)算機(jī)和一個(gè)輪子來(lái)幫助移動(dòng)。蛇“頭部”的大型計(jì)算機(jī)使蛇形機(jī)器人中的所有模塊協(xié)同工作)”可知，本段的目的是解釋蛇形機(jī)器人的構(gòu)造方式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Themodulardesignofthesnakebothasmanyadvantages.Ifonemodulefails,anothercanbeaddedeasily.(蛇形機(jī)器人的模塊化設(shè)計(jì)具有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。如果一個(gè)模塊出現(xiàn)故障，則可以輕松添加另一個(gè)模塊)”可推知，蛇形機(jī)器人的一個(gè)模塊出故障不會(huì)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)機(jī)器人無(wú)法工作，所有模塊損壞才會(huì)導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Soscientistshavebeendeveloping“snakebots”,whichmovelikesnakes.(因此，科學(xué)家們一直在開(kāi)發(fā)“蛇形機(jī)器人”，它像蛇一樣移動(dòng))”、第三段“Asnakebotisbuiltlikeachainmadeofaboutthirtypartsormodules.(蛇機(jī)器人就像由大約30個(gè)部分或模塊組成的鏈條)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了蛇形機(jī)器人的構(gòu)造及其功能。故選B項(xiàng)。DAnewtestforCOVID-19iscomingtostoreshelvesthroughouttheU.S.Thisisthefirsttestforthediseasethatyoucandoathome.Itdoesnotneedaprescription,ordoctor’sapproval,touse.Currently,theU.S.istestingnearly2millionpeopledaily,andmosthealthexpertsagreethecountryneedstobetestingmanymorepeoplethanthat.Mosttestsstillrequireanasalswab(鼻拭子)performedbyahealthprofessional,followedbyprocessingatalaboratory.Thattypicallymeansyouhavetowaitdaysforthetestresults.Formonths,healthexpertshavestressedtheneedforfast,widespreadhometesting,whichallowspeopletoscreenthemselvesandavoidcontactwithothersiftheyhaveaninfection.Withthisnewhometest,peoplecan“swabtheirnose,runthetestandfindouttheirresultsinaslittleas20minutes,”saidFDAcommissionerStephenHahn.Thetestkitincludesasmalltooltohelpyoutotakenasalswab,orsamplefrominsideyournose.Onceyouswabyournostril(鼻孔)youplacetheswabontoasmallcartridge.Thiscartridgeanalyzesthesampleandsendstheresultstoanapponyoursmartphone.Theappdisplaystheresultsandthenhelpsyouinterpretthem.Userscanalsoconnectwithahealthprofessionalthroughtheapp.Ellume’stestworksdifferentlythanothertests.Mosttestslookforthegeneticmaterialofthevirus.Thisisthematerialthathakesupitsgenes,whichinfluencehowtheviruslooksandacts.However,Ellume’stestlooksforproteinsthatthevirussheds(散發(fā)).Theseviralproteinsarelargemoleculesthatcantriggeraresponsefromyourimmunesystem,whichisthecollectionofcellsandtheirresponsesthathelpthebodyfightoffinfections.LikeotherCOVID-19teststhatlookforproteins,Ellume’steststillhasashallchanceoferrors.FDAofficialssaythatpeoplewhogetanegativeresultbutstillhavecoronavirussymptomsshouldfollowupwithadoctor.Althoughthepriceofthetestcouldpreventsomepeoplefromusingit,Dr.MichaelMina,aprofessoratHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Massachusetts,calledthenewtest“agreataddition”toexistingoptions.12.WhatistheproblemwithcurrenttestingintheU.S.?A.Itisnotefficientenough. B.Itleadstopoormanagement.C.Itbasedonnasalswabs. D.Itresultsinoutbreakofvirus.13.Whatistherightprocedureforhometesting?a.analyzethesampleb.sendtheresulttoanappc.takeanasalswabd.placetheswabonacartridgee.interprettheresultA.cadbe. B.cdabe. C.dcbae. D.dcabe.14.Whatisanegativefactorofthenewtest?A.It’sunaffordableforsomepeople.B.Ithasagreatchanceoferrors.C.It’sanadditiontoexistingoptions.D.Itcausespeopletogetinfected.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Smartphoneappsforanalysis.B.AtoolfortakingNasalswab.C.Moreoptionsforrecovering.D.HometestforCOVID-19.【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的COVID-19病毒檢測(cè)方法，這種新的方法簡(jiǎn)單易操作，使用者可在家自行進(jìn)行家庭檢測(cè)，而且檢測(cè)結(jié)果很快。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Currently,theU.S.istestingnearly2millionpeopledaily,andmosthealthexpertsagreethecountryneedstobetestingmanymorepeoplethanthat.Mosttestsstillrequireanasalswab(鼻拭子)performedbyahealthprofessional,followedbyprocessingatalaboratory.Thattypicallymeansyouhavetowaitdaysforthetestresults.(目前，美國(guó)每天檢測(cè)近200萬(wàn)人，大多數(shù)健康專家認(rèn)為，美國(guó)需要檢測(cè)的人要多得多。大多數(shù)檢測(cè)仍然需要由衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員進(jìn)行鼻拭子檢測(cè)，然后在實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行處理。這通常意味著你要等幾天才能得到測(cè)試結(jié)果)”可推斷，目前的檢測(cè)方法無(wú)法滿足檢測(cè)的人數(shù)需求，而且需要很久才能得到檢測(cè)結(jié)果，所以是低效的。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Onceyouswabyournostril(鼻孔)youplacetheswabontoasmallcartridge.Thiscartridgeanalyzesthesampleandsendstheresultstoanapponyoursmartphone.Theappdisplaystheresultsandthenhelpsyouinterpretthem.(當(dāng)你用棉簽擦拭鼻孔時(shí)，把棉簽放在一個(gè)小墨盒上。這個(gè)墨盒分析樣本，并將結(jié)果發(fā)送到您的智能手機(jī)上的應(yīng)用程序。該應(yīng)用程序顯示結(jié)果，然后幫助你解釋它們)”可知，應(yīng)先擦拭鼻孔，然后放到墨盒上，墨盒分析樣本，把結(jié)果發(fā)到APP上，最后解讀結(jié)果。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Althoughthepriceofthetestcouldpreventsomepeoplefromusingit,Dr.MichaelMina,aprofessoratHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Massachusetts,calledthenewtest“agreataddition”toexistingoptions.(盡管這種測(cè)試的價(jià)格可能會(huì)使一些人望而卻步，但馬薩諸塞州劍橋市哈佛大學(xué)教授MichaelMina博士稱，這種新測(cè)試是對(duì)現(xiàn)有選擇的“一個(gè)很好的補(bǔ)充”)”可知，這種測(cè)試的弊端就是價(jià)格昂貴，有些人負(fù)擔(dān)不起。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnewtestforCOVID-19iscomingtostoreshelvesthroughouttheU.S.Thisisthefirsttestforthediseasethatyoucandoathome.Itdoesnotneedaprescription,ordoctor’sapproval,touse.(一種新的COVID-19檢測(cè)方法即將在美國(guó)各地的商店上架。這是你可以在家里進(jìn)行的首個(gè)檢測(cè)方法。它不需要處方或醫(yī)生的批準(zhǔn)就可以使用)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了一種新的COVID-19檢測(cè)方法。所以“HometestforCOVID-19.(COVID-19家庭檢測(cè))”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Studentswhounderstandtheimportanceoflearningasecondlanguagewillfinditveryrewarding.Becomingbilingual(會(huì)說(shuō)兩種語(yǔ)言的)hasmanybenefits!Ittakestimeandeffort._____16_____Inaglobalizedworld,knowingtwolanguageshasbecomeveryimportant.Knowingthesamelanguageconnectsustooneanother.Weuselanguagetoshareinformation,thoughts,andideas,andtheseviewpointscollectivelycreateculture.____17____Also,yourpersonalexperienceofculturewillbedevelopedwhenyouopenyourselftothepossibilitiesanotherlanguageoffers.Withanever-growingglobaleconomy,speakingasecondlanguageisadesirabletrait(吸引人的特征)formanyemployers.Fromtranslatingorcreatingdocumentstospeakingwithcustomers,employersneedspeakersofotherlanguagesonadailybasis._____18_____Ifyouplantotravelorworkabroad,learningasecondlanguagewillgiveyouthetoolstocommunicatewithothers.Thiswillmakethingseasierforyouandthepeopleyouarecommunicatingwith.____19____Plus,localsmaybefriendlierandmorehelpfulifyouspeaktheirlanguage.Openingyourmindtonewideasandnewchallengesleadstopersonalgrowth._____20_____Youmayalsounderstandandappreciateyourownlanguageevenmore.Inaword,learningasecondlanguageissomethingtobeproudof.A.However,it’swellworthitintheend.B.Moreoftenthannot,thisisduetothelanguageproblem.C.Themoreyoulearnnewskills,thebetteryourbrain’sfunctionswork.D.Itwillbeeasiertoaskfordirectionsandorderfoodandotherservices.E.Bylearninganewlanguage,youmaybegintoseeyourselfdifferently.F.Yourabilitytospeakdifferentlanguagesmakesyouavaluableemployee.G.Learningasecondlanguageconnectsyoutonewpeopleandtheircultures.【答案】16.A17.G18.F19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇議論文。文章論述了盡管學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言需要時(shí)間和精力，但是在全球化的世界里，學(xué)第二語(yǔ)言是值得的，它能給人們帶來(lái)很多好處。【16題詳解】上文“Ittakestimeandeffort.(這需要時(shí)間和精力。)”，A項(xiàng)“However,it’swellworthitintheend.(然而，最終還是值得的。)”，上文提及學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言要付出時(shí)間和精力，盡管如此，最終還是值得學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言的，上文與A項(xiàng)為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。下文“Inaglobalizedworld,knowingtwolanguageshasbecomeveryimportant.(在全球化的世界里，懂兩門語(yǔ)言變得非常重要。)”，下文與A項(xiàng)為因果關(guān)系。上下文銜接連貫順暢。故選A項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Knowingthesamelanguageconnectsustooneanother.Weuselanguagetoshareinformation,thoughts,andideas,andtheseviewpointscollectivelycreateculture.(掌握同一種語(yǔ)言將我們彼此聯(lián)系在一起。我們用語(yǔ)言來(lái)分享信息、思想和想法，這些觀點(diǎn)共同創(chuàng)造了文化。)”可知，能用相同的語(yǔ)言能使人與人之間建立起聯(lián)系，形成文化，G項(xiàng)“Learningasecondlanguageconnectsyoutonewpeopleandtheircultures.(學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言將你與新的人和他們的文化聯(lián)系起來(lái)。)”，如果學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言，那么就可以和另一群說(shuō)相同語(yǔ)言的人分享這門語(yǔ)言的文化，根據(jù)下文“Also,yourpersonalexperienceofculturewillbedevelopedwhenyouopenyourselftothepossibilitiesanotherlanguageoffers.(此外，當(dāng)你敞開(kāi)心扉去接受另一種語(yǔ)言提供的可能性時(shí)，你的個(gè)人文化體驗(yàn)也會(huì)得到發(fā)展。)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言可以拓寬自己的文化面，拓寬視野，本段話題為“第二語(yǔ)言和文化（culture）”，G項(xiàng)順承上文，與下文為并列關(guān)系，上下文連貫順暢。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段第一句“Withanever-growingglobaleconomy,speakingasecondlanguageisadesirabletrait(吸引人的特征)formanyemployers.(隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷增長(zhǎng)，對(duì)許多雇主來(lái)說(shuō)，會(huì)說(shuō)第二種語(yǔ)言是一種吸引人的特征。)”可知，本段話題為“第二語(yǔ)言與工作”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Yourabilitytospeakdifferentlanguagesmakesyouavaluableemployee.(你會(huì)說(shuō)不同語(yǔ)言的能力使你成為一名有價(jià)值的員工。)”，第一句中的employers，與F項(xiàng)中的employee相呼應(yīng)，話題一致。故選F項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouplantotravelorworkabroad,learningasecondlanguagewillgiveyouthetoolstocommunicatewithothers.Thiswillmakethingseasierforyouandthepeopleyouarecommunicatingwith.(如果你計(jì)劃出國(guó)旅行或工作，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言將給你與他人交流的工具。這將使你和你交流的人更容易相處。)”可知，此處提及“學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言對(duì)于出國(guó)旅行或工作的好處”，D項(xiàng)“Itwillbeeasiertoaskfordirectionsandorderfoodandotherservices.(這樣問(wèn)路、點(diǎn)菜和其他服務(wù)就更容易了)”，D項(xiàng)順接上文，舉例說(shuō)明，在國(guó)外用第二語(yǔ)言問(wèn)路、點(diǎn)餐，方便了與當(dāng)?shù)厝说慕涣?，把上文的好處具體化了。下文“Plus,localsmaybefriendlierandmorehelpfulifyouspeaktheirlanguage.(另外，如果你說(shuō)當(dāng)?shù)厝说恼Z(yǔ)言，他們可能會(huì)更友好、更樂(lè)于助人。)”，下文與D項(xiàng)為并列關(guān)系，都說(shuō)明在國(guó)外時(shí)，能使用第二語(yǔ)言的好處。上下文語(yǔ)意連貫順暢。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Openingyourmindtonewideasandnewchallengesleadstopersonalgrowth.(接受新想法和新挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)帶來(lái)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)。)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言使人接觸到新思想、新挑戰(zhàn)，能促進(jìn)個(gè)人發(fā)展，E項(xiàng)“Bylearninganewlanguage,youmaybegintoseeyourselfdifferently.(通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)一門新語(yǔ)言，你可能會(huì)開(kāi)始以不同的方式看待自己。)”，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言可以更全面的了解自己，下文“Youmayalsounderstandandappreciateyourownlanguageevenmore.(你也會(huì)更加理解和欣賞自己的母語(yǔ)。)”，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言能促進(jìn)人們對(duì)母語(yǔ)的了解，這里總結(jié)了學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言的三個(gè)好處，三者為并列關(guān)系；本段最后一句“Inaword,learningasecondlanguageissomethingtobeproudof.(總之，學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言是一件值得驕傲的事情。)”為總結(jié)句。本段各句之間語(yǔ)意連貫順暢。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A，B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入對(duì)應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasayoungstudent,noneofmyfriendslistenedtoclassicalmusic.Fewstudieda(n)____21____formorethanayearortwo.Theywerelisteningtothebigbands.ButDad____22____metostudytoplaythepianoforthreeyears.Andlater,youknow,Igaveitup.Butonedayonethingchangedme____23____.OneSaturday,Iwenttoa(n)____24____birthdaypartyofoneofmyclassmatesandtherewasquiteacrowdofpeopleofmy____25____.Andsomeofthekidswerefoolingaroundatthepianowhiletheparentsare____26____usabigmeal.Thenoneofthegirls____27____stoppedtalking,lookedatmeandsaid,“Robert,youtookpianolessons.____28____,playsomething!”“No...,I’mnotgoingtoplaythepiano.”I____29____thatnooneinthatroomshow_____30_____inthekindofmusicthatIcouldplay.ButthoughIwas_____31_____objecting,Iwaspushedbymyfriendstowardsthepiano.Iwas“_____32_____”tositdown.AndthereIwasface-to-facewitheighty-eightblackandwhite_____33_____.Whattoplay?Theonlythingthatcametomy_____34_____wasBeethoven’sMoonlightSonata.So,Ibeganwiththeslow_____35_____.Andaftertwomeasures,Ibecameawarethattherewasa_____36_____intheroom.“Afterthenexttwomeasures,Ifeltpeople_____37_____towardsme,andthentheparentscameoutofthekitchen_____38_____.IplayedthewholefirstmovementandwhenIwasthrough,theapplauseandcheerswere_____39_____tobelieve.IfIhadknownthatthiswouldhavehappened,Ineverwouldhavegivenup_____40_____playingthepiano.21.A.project B.instrument C.commitment D.skill22.A.permitted B.reminded C.helped D.advised23.A.completely B.generally C.cruelly D.hopefully24.A.uninteresting B.disgusting C.sweet D.simple25.A.city B.age C.height D.dream26.A.buying B.earning C.selling D.cooking27.A.actually B.foolishly C.suddenly D.curiously28.A.Comeon B.Getout C.Goaway D.Goon29.A.forgot B.observed C.figured D.regretted30.A.knowledge B.delight C.respect D.interest31.A.shyly B.strongly C.luckily D.hardly32.A.forced B.guided C.invited D.protected33.A.keys B.letters C.words D.pictures34.A.music B.party C.meal D.mind35.A.ending B.opening C.reading D.listening36.A.quarrel B.relaxation C.silence D.incident37.A.moving B.running C.looking D.hearing38.A.satisfied B.delighted C.disappointed D.surprised39.A.easy B.hard C.certain D.glad40.A.stopping B.considering C.practicing D.starting【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.C28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.A34.D35.B36.C37.A38.D39.B40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了原本認(rèn)為人們對(duì)古典音樂(lè)不感興趣的作者，逐漸放棄了學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴，卻在一次偶然的生日聚會(huì)中，徹底改變了作者的觀念。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很少有人學(xué)習(xí)一種樂(lè)器超過(guò)一兩年。A.project項(xiàng)目；B.instrument樂(lè)器；C.commitment忠誠(chéng)，獻(xiàn)身；D.skill技能。根據(jù)第一段中的“noneofmyfriendslistenedtoclassicalmusic”和“playthepianoforthreeyears”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)很少有孩子愿意靜下心來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一門樂(lè)器（instrument）。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是爸爸建議我學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴三年。A.permitted允許；B.reminded提醒；C.helped幫助；D.advised建議。根據(jù)前兩句話“Fewstudieda(n)____1____formorethanayearortwo.Theywerelisteningtothebigbands.”可知當(dāng)時(shí)大多數(shù)孩子選擇不學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)器，結(jié)合本句中的“But”和“forthreeyears”可知，但是作者的父親建議（advised）作者學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴三年，但是作者最后放棄了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一天，一件事徹底改變了我。A.completely完全地；B.generally一般地；C.cruelly殘酷地；D.hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)最后一段“IfIhadknownthatthiswouldhavehappened,Ineverwouldhavegivenuppracticingplayingthepiano.”以及結(jié)合本文可知，去參加聚會(huì)這件事徹底（completely）改變了他。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：星期六，我參加了我的一個(gè)同學(xué)溫馨的生日聚會(huì)，有很多和我同齡的人。A.uninteresting無(wú)趣的；B.disgusting令人反感的；C.sweet甜蜜的；D.simple簡(jiǎn)單的。根據(jù)本句話中的“therewasquiteacrowdofpeopleofmy”和當(dāng)時(shí)的氛圍，并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，在作者看來(lái)，這個(gè)聚會(huì)是溫馨甜蜜的（sweet）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：星期六，我參加了我的一個(gè)同學(xué)溫馨的生日聚會(huì)