高二 人教版選擇性必修三 英語 第三單元《Lesson 3 Discovering Useful Structures》課件

高二—人教版選擇性必修三—英語—第三單元

EnvironmentalProtectionLesson3DiscoveringUsefulStructuresWhatdidSianasay?DirectspeechIndirectspeechDirectspeechWhatdidyousay?IknowitIsaidIknewit.IndirectspeechObserve:

howtochange?1Theexpertsaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.2Thereporteraskedwhetherpolarbearswoulddieoutbecauseofclimatechange.3Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.4Theexpertadvisedustoworktogethertostopclimatechange.1Theexpertsaid,“Fromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.”2Thereporterasked,“Willpolarbearsdieoutbecauseofclimatechange?”3Thereporterasked,“Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction?”4“Let’sworktogethertostopclimatechange,”theexpertsaid.DirectspeechIndirectspeech◆特殊疑問句：objectiveclause◆祈使句：verb+infinitive◆Noquotationmarks“”◆一般疑問句：if/whetherUsepasttenseWhatdid

he/she

say?DoctorTimThedoctorsaidthatTimneededmoreexercise.Timsaidthathewasdrinkingasfastashecould.1. 變化——人稱,時(shí)態(tài),部分詞(狀語/代詞),句式&語序

2.句式變化陳述句特殊疑問句一般疑問句祈使句Howtochangeasentencefromdirectspeechtoindirectspeech?人稱變化Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthat____likedtennis.DengTaosaidtoLily,“howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedLilyhow_______wasthen.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethat_____wantedtohelphim.shehersisterthey句型轉(zhuǎn)換（1）“Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening,

Tom.”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthat

wouldgoandsee

againthatevening.（2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethat

waswrong.（3）“Areyouasoldier?”heasked.→Heaskedif/whether

wasasoldier.（4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John?”→HeaskedJohnwhere

wasgoingtogetoff.sheIhimIhe

直接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does一般將來時(shí)willdo現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am…doing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)havedone一般過去時(shí)did過去完成時(shí)haddone

間接引語一般過去時(shí)did過去將來時(shí)woulddo過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing過去完成時(shí)haddone過去完成時(shí)haddone過去完成時(shí)haddone時(shí)態(tài)變化e.g.“Idon’tknowthat,”hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.（1）Theteachersaid，“YouaredoingOK.”→Theteachersaidthat

doingOK.（2）Hesaid，“Ihavewrittenanovel.”→Hesaidthat

anovel.（3）Hesaid，“Shewillcomeheretohavealongholiday.”→Hesaidthat

gotheretohavealongholiday.wewerehehadwrittenshewould(4)Theteachersaid,

“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”→Theteachersaidthatwherethere

awill,

there

away.(5)Janesaid,“Mary，wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouonthebus?”→JaneaskedMarywhere

whenshemetheronthebus.shewasgoing is

is

時(shí)態(tài)變化1.Shesaid,

“Ihopeyouareright.”

Shesaid(that)

shehopedIwasright.2.Tomsaid,“I’llcallyoulater.”

Tomsaidthathe

wouldcallyouthen.3.Hesaid,

“Iamhavingsupper.”

→Hesaidthathe

washavingsupper.

4.Thedesignersaid,

“Wehavebegunourproject.”

→Thedesignersaidthatthey

hadbeguntheirproject.

5.Hesaid,“Ifailedtheexam.”

→Hesaidthathe

hadfailedtheexam.

注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài)不變①直接引語是客觀真理。

The

teachersaid"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.”→

The

teacher

said

(that)

the

earth

moves

around

the

sun

earth.

③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。LeiMiao

said

“I

was

born

on

December

11,

1999.”→LeiMiaosaid

she

was

born

on

December

11,

1999.

②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。YangLong

said

“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme.”→YangLongsaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.

④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：

WenHui

said,

“I

get

up

at

six

every

morning。”

⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式,時(shí)態(tài)不再變（例：could,

should,

would,

might） Thedoctorsaidtome,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”

→ThedoctortoldmethatIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”

或已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不再變。（例：oughtto;hadbetterusedto）DangRan

saidtome.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."

→She

said

(that)she

gets

up

at

six

every

morning.→DangRan

said

tome(that)

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.直接引語間接引語指示代詞this,thesethat,those時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語方向性動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

now,

then,

today,

thatday,thisweek

thatweekyesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek

theweekbefore

fourdaysago

fourdaysbefore

thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore

tomorrow

thenext/followingdaynextmonth

thenext/followingmonthhere

therecome,

go,bringtake

can,may,must

could,might,hadto

部分詞的變化tonightthatnightlaterthen如果就在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述,tomorrow,yesterday,tomorrow不變?nèi)绻诋?dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述,here不必改為therecome不必改為go（1）“Iwillcomeandhelpyoutomorrow，John，”shesaid.→ShetoldJohnthatshewould

andhelphim________________.

（2）“I’llcomeandseeyouagainthisevening，Tim，”hesaid.→HetoldTimthathewouldgoandseehimagain

.（3）MrHarryasked，“John，haveyoupassedtheexamyesterday?”→MrHarryaskedJohnwhetherhehadpassedtheexam_________.（4）Theoldmansaid，“Iliketotalkwiththeseyoungmen.”→Theoldmansaidthathelikedtotalkwith

youngmen.（5）Shesaidtome，“Ilivedherefiveyearsago.”→Shetoldmeshehadlived

fiveyears

.thenextdaythateveningthedaybeforethosetherego

beforeBossTimWhatdid

he/she

say?ThebosssaidthatshehadtoldTimnoraisethedaybefore.Timrepliedthathewouldtryagainthenextdaywhenshe

wasinabettermood.Hesaid,“Mysisterwashereforthreedays.”Hesaidthat____sister_______________threedays.hishadbeentherefor語序變化直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序。一般疑問句→由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主句謂語動(dòng)詞常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等。e.gMotheraskedme,“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?”→Motheraskedmewhether/ifIhadfinishedmyhomework.選擇疑問句→由whether...or引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g“AreyougoingtoBeijingorShanghaifortheholidays?”sheasked.→SheaskedmewhetherIwas

goingtoBeijingorShanghaifortheholidays.反意疑問句→由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g“Youdon’tlikerockmusic,doyou?”hesaid.→Heaskedmewhether/ifIlikedrockmusic.特殊疑問句→由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g.“Howmanysleepingpillshaveyoutaken?”askedthenurse.→ThenurseaskedmehowmanysleepingpillsIhad

taken.Theteacherasked,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→TheteacheraskedmewhereIhadbeen.（1）Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldme

he

hisbookinmyroom.（2）Shesaid，“DoyoulikewatchingtheadvertisementsonTV?”→Sheaskedme

I

watchingtheadvertisementsonTV.（3）“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad?”Billasked.→Billasked

theadsforjobsabroad.that

whether

whereIhadfoundlikedhadleft表示請(qǐng)求、勸告、建議等意義的疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語： suggest+doing

advise+sb+todoe.g.“Whataboutstartingearlytomorrowmorning?”Jacksaid.→Jack__________________earlytomorrowmorning.“Whydon’tyoutaketherestofthedayoff?”askedmyassistant.→Myassistant__________________therestofthedayoff.suggested

starting

advised

metotake祈使句→動(dòng)詞+賓語+不定式。常見引述動(dòng)詞有tell,order,ask,warn。如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。e.g.HesaidtoAnn,“Tellmeyourproblem.”→HetoldAnntotellhimherproblem.“Becarefulwiththedog,boys,”shesaid.→Shewarnedtheboystobecarefulwiththedog.“Don’tworkinbed,Tom,”shesaid.→ShetoldTomnottoworkinbed.（4）“Whatareyoudoingnow?”Momasked.→Momasked

then.（5）Hesaid，“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.” →He

again

.（6）Hesaid，“Don’tmakesomuchnoise，boys.”→Hetoldtheboys

somuchnoise.whatIwasdoingaskedmetogothere

nottomake thenextdayP29,

exx.

2Herearesomestatementsandquestionsbychildrenwhoattendedscientificlectures.Guesswhotheyweretalkingtoandthenchangethesentencesintoindirectspeech.NameStatements/QuestionsDianeDianeaskedwhathadmadeHurricaneKatrinaunusual.Diane

askedif/whetherithadbeentheworstnaturaldisasterinAmericanhistory.NameStatements/QuestionsMarthaMarthasaid/toldmethatshewantedtobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.Marthasaid/toldmethatshewasdoingaprojectonbehalfofherschoolaboutglobalwarming.BobBobasked

why

nuclearpowerwassuchasensitivetopic.Bobaskedif/whethertheycouldexplainhowthenucleardisasterhadhappened.NameStatements/QuestionsLauraLauraaskedhowmanyanimalshaddisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting.Lauraaskedwhatwecoulddotohelpwildanimals.VincentVincentsaid/toldmethathehadneverbeentotheAmazonJungle.Vincentaskedif/whetherscientistswoulddiscovernewspeciesthere.句式——祈使句Sbask/…＋sb(not)todoThemothersaidtotheboys,“Bequiet.”

Mrs.Greensaid,“Kim,pleasebringmeacupoftea.”

Theteachersaid,“Don’tmakeanynoise.”

Mrs.GreenaskedKimbringheracupoftea.Themotheraskedtheboystobequiet.Theteacheraskedmenottomakeanynoise.order/tell/advise/…句式——祈使句Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”

Isuggestedthattheyshouldstartatonce.Iadvisedhimtostartatonce.Isuggestedstartingatonce.Whatdid

he/she

say?JohnsaidthathewantedtoshareeverythingwithMary.JohnMaryMaryadvisedhimtostartfromhisbankaccount.Marysuggestedstartingfrom

hisbankaccount.Marysuggestedthatthey(should)startfromhisbankaccount.句式——祈使句Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”

Hesaidthathowhappyhewas.Hesaid/exclaimedthathewaseveryhappy.Sbask/order/advise/tell…＋sbtodo直接引語間接引語Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”Let’s開頭的祈使句:Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”感嘆句:Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.Isuggestedstarting…Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.Heexclaimedthathe…句式——祈使句Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.句式——陳述句①Hesaid,

“Iwascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.”→Hesaid(that)hewascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.②Shesaidtome,“Icamebackanhourago.”→Shetoldme(that)shehadcomebackanhourbefore.Sbsaid/told+that+陳述句…Sb

asked+if/whether＋

陳述句

Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?”→He___________________________interestedinEnglish.“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven’tyou?”mymotherasked.→Mymother_________________________________thehomework.“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”heasked.Sheasked,“Isthisbookhis?”句式——一般疑問句asked(me)if/whetherIwasaskedmewhether/ifIhadfinished→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.→Sheaskedwhetherthatbookwashis.Sbasked＋_________＋陳述句“What'syourname?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme__________________________.Themotherasked,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”→Themotherasked____________________________.“What’sthematter?”heasked.句式——特殊疑問句whatmynamewaswhentheyhadtheirdinner→Heaskedwhatwasthematter.特殊疑問詞陳述句語序!Summary：一改人稱；二改時(shí)態(tài)；三改部分詞；四改句式1.陳述句Sbsaid/told+

+陳述句…2.一般疑問句Sb

asked+

＋

陳述句thatif/whether3.特殊疑問句：Sbasked＋_____________＋陳述句特殊疑問詞4.祈使句：Sbasked/told/..+sb_____________todo高一—人教版選擇性必修三—英語—Unit3

EnvironmentalProtectionLesson3DiscoveringUsefulStructures答疑Ⅰ.LearningaboutthelanguageForsomeoneelse,assomeone'sagentorrepresentative.

theChinesegovernmentandpeople,andinhisownname,PresidentXiexpresseddeepcondolencesoverthedeaths,andextendedsinceresympathiestothebereavedfamiliesaftertheplanecrash.Onbehalfofc.f.onbehalfof,standfor,representonbehalfofstandforrepresentprepositionalphr