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2024北京八一學(xué)校高一10月月考英語考試時間:90分鐘試卷滿分:分第一部分:知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題分,共分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastyearIdecideddosomevoluntarywork.IbegantoresearchontheInternetanddiscoveredUSA.ThreemonthsI___1___myselfonaplanePhoenix,Arizona.Iwas___2___atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeoplethreemonths.withinfifteenminutesofarriving,worrieshadgone.Everyonewassofriendlyandlike-mindedthatwaseasyfeelathome.IwassenttheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8-day___3___.hadcarryeverythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea___4___butin35℃heatandwithaheavypack,legswereonfire.Myjobwas___5___astairwayoutofrock.This___6___climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited()bymountainlions,althoughIshouldtheywereonlyheard,neverseen.Threedaysabeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The___7___ofknowingthatworkwillbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocomeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewerecaughtathunderstorm.Iwokeupmidnightfindaswimmingpoolintent.temperaturewasclose___8___.Ihadspendtherestofthenighttremblingtheonlydrypartofmytent.NeedlessIalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofacemylife.IwasthereandI___9___.IthinkIammuch___10___havingtakenpartintheproject.1.A.imagined2.A.annoyed3.A.project4.A.niceB.foundB.surprisedB.tourC.enjoyedC.nervousC.campaignC.longD.introducedD.excitedD.courseD.quickB.safe5.A.buildB.testC.cleanD.guard6.A.helped7.A.satisfaction8.A.boiling9.A.recovered10.A.smarterB.meantB.ambitionB.averageB.resistedB.strongerC.allowedC.expectationC.normalC.escapedC.happierD.endedD.intentionD.freezingD.survivedD.busier第二節(jié)語法練習(xí)(共10小題;每小題分,共分)Part1請寫出下列句子的句子基本類型以及劃線部分的句子成分。Sentence1:Inrecentyears,researchersfromdiversefieldshaveagreedthatshort-termismisnowasignificantproblemour.Sentence2:Whatisalsoveryisthatstudentsinthesameclasscanhavedifferentclassschedules.Sentence1的句子基本類型________________12.Sentence1中劃線部分的句子成分________________13.Sentence2的句子基本類型________________14.Sentence2中劃線部分的句子成分________________Part2閱讀下面短文,請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。LastZhanggraduatedfromuniversityand___15___(get)ateacher’scertificate.Inspiredbyhisteachers,he___16___(apply)beavolunteerteacheravillageschool.Althoughtheschoolliveuphishopesandlifetherewaschallengingthanhe___17___(think),hefoundwaysdealwithchallenges.Henotonlyintroducedsubjectslikemusic,artandPEhelpstudents,butalsoorganizedthefirst-everschoolconcert.Nowstudents’schoollivesare___18___(attract)andtheschoolisfulloflaughterandmusic.Meanwhile,hebroughtmanychangestothevillage.Hecontactedcharity___19___aboutrebuildingtheschoolandhelpedthevillagersselllocalproductsonline.Althoughhehadonlyintendedstayforonehenow___20___(feel)readytostayforanother第二部分:閱讀理解(共50分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該25小題;每小題2分,共50分)ALifestylesHyggehasbeenpopularintheUKforoveraItmeanstocreatearelaxedandcomfortablemood.Itcanbefeltbyrelaxingactivitieslikechattingwithfriends.Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.Thisreallyresonated(共鳴)withme.IfeelstressedathomebecausemysmallflatispackedwithmuchIdecidetothrowthethingsthatholdmemories.Doingthiswouldhelpmefeelhygge.Lastlagom,aSwedishwordmeaning“justtherightamount”,becameLagomisaboutseekingabalanceofworkandlife.alsoaboutlivingmoresustainably(可持續(xù)地)bysavingmorecreatinglesswasteandrecyclingmore.NextIhavetoreplacethingssooften.Plus,Ikeepthinkingaboutrecyclingandhopingsaveasmuchmoneyaspossible.So,Icangetonboardwithlagom.ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyinimperfection.referstothefailingsintheproductionprocess,whichmakesanobjectspecial.Sabidescribesthebeautythatcomeswithage.Thetraditionofwabisabicananewviewourhomes.IamaperfectionistandIkeephomeButgirlsputtheirtoyseverywhere.So,Ihavetothemessandaccepttheimperfections.IntheJapaneseconcept,ikigaimeans“areasonforbeing”,whichcanbringsatisfactionandmeaningtolife.Manypeoplebelieveikigaicanbefoundatwhatyougoodatandwhatyoulovedoing.Forme,itisblogging.ThisyearIcandomorewritingtasksthatinterestme.ifInoticethethingsthatbringmenoIcanstayawayfromtheminthefuture.thiswillhelpmetoleadamoremeaningfullife.21.Ifapersonwantstoenjoyasimplebuthappylife,whichlifestylesuitable?A.Hygge.B.Lagom.C.sabi.D.Ikigai.22.livealifestyleofwabisabi,onehasto________.A.findbeautyinhisorherimperfectlifeB.achieveabalancebetweenworkandlifeC.behappyandfindoutthemeaningoflifeD.throwawaytheuselessandliveasimplelife23.Thispassageismostlikelytobereada________.A.researchreportB.travelblogC.productadvertisementD.popularmagazineBSurferDudestotheRescue!About50feetfromshoreoftheNorthernStateBeach,twobrotherswerefightingfortheirlives.Theyhadbeensweptouttoseainacurrent(激流),theirmouthsbarelyabletostayabovetheThickmadeitforbeachgoersseeguys,butthescreamswereunmistakable.everysecondcounted.brothers,agesand20,werewearingshortsandunsuitableforaNovemberletalonethefreezingKevenasupervisingranger(巡查員),toldtheNorthCoastJournalinnearbyEurekathatswimminginsuchatemperature“takesthefightrightoutofyou.”foursurfersinsuitswereNarayanSpenserStratton,Adrianall16,alongwithOrtiz-Beck,15,wereontheirsurfboardsridingupanddownthecoastonfive-footwaveswhentheyheardthecries.Theyturnedandsawtwobobbingheadsandfourstrugglingarms.lookedeachotherandknewtheseguyswereabouttodrown,”toldthePost.Stratton,andOrtiz-BeckpaddledtowardthedistressedswimmerswhileheadedtoshoretowarnsomeonetocallHethendivedbackintohelphisfriends.Asthesurfersdrewclose,thebrotherswerestillfightinghardfortheirlives.“Itwasprettystressful,buttheretimetothinkaboutit,andthathelpedmekeepcool,”O(jiān)rtiz-Becksays.Ortiz-BeckpulledupalongsidetheyoungerGrabbinghimunderhisarms,heraisedhimupontohisboard.Strattonandmeanwhile,hurriedtohelptheolderHewas250to300pounds,andhewaspanicked.“Itoldthem,‘Calmdown—wegotyou!’”says“Theythoughttheyweregoingtodie.”arrivedtimehelpgettheolderbrotheratopthesecondboard.Thesurfersthenpaddledseveralminutesthroughchoppywaterthemedicalhelpwaitingonshore.brothersscaredbutfine.“Whenwegetacalllikethisone,usuallytoolatebythetimewegetthere,”saysDillonafirst“Ienoughaboutwhattheseboysdid.Theywerewillingandpreparedtorisktheirlives.”24.Whatcanknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.brotherswerealmostdrownedinthesea.B.Beachgoershappenedmeetthetwobrothers.C.supervisingrangerwarnedthemswimthen.D.Surfersbarelyandshortsinsuch25.Whatwerethefourboysdoingwhentheyheardscreams?A.Swimminginacurrent.B.Surfingonhighwaves.C.Strugglingwiththeirarmstoshore.26.Intherescue,______.D.Practisingdivingthesea.A.AndriandivedbacktocallthepoliceB.KevenHarderplayedthemostimportantroleC.NarayantriedcalmdownthebrothersD.Ortiz-Becksavedtheandpanickedbrother27.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethefoursurfers?A.HardworkingandC.Devotedandtalented.B.Kindandhumorous.D.Braveanddetermined.CAsyoucraftyourresolutionsfor2025,consideraddingonetoexperiencemorePsychologistMihályCsíkszentmihályihascalledflowas“thesecrettohappiness.”Flowisastateofpositiveexperiencethateachofuscanincorporateintooureverydaylives,onecharacterizedbygreatjoythatmakesalifeworthliving.Whenpeoplefeeltheyareinastateofintenseconcentration.Theirthoughtsfocusedonanexperienceratherthanonthemselves.Theyloseasenseoftimeandfeelasiftheiractionsandawarenessbecomeone.Flowoccurswhenboththechallengeandskilllevelarehigh.Peoplewillnotfeelflowwhentheyaredoingthedishes.researchinthe1970sfocusedpeopledoingtaskstheyenjoyed.Hestudiedswimmers,musiccomposers,dancers,mountainclimbersandotherathletes.Hefoundoutthatsolongasthatchallengeishigh,andareyourskills,youshouldbeableachieveWhyisflow“thesecrettohappiness”?Foronething,theexperiencecanhelppeoplepursuetheirlong-termgoals.Researchshowsthattakingabreaktofeelflowcanenhanceself-control,goalpursuitandwell-being.Arecentstudyalsoshowsthatflowhelpspeoplestayresilient(有適應(yīng)力的)inthefaceofPartofthisisbecauseflowcanhelprefocusthoughtsawayfromsomethingstressfulsomethingenjoyable.Infact,studieshaveshownthatexperiencingflowcanhelpguardagainstdepressionandburnout.Whatisgoingoninbrainduringflow?Studiesshowthattheexperienceisassociatedwithincreasingactivationinbrainstructuresrelatedtofeelingreward.ThismaybeonereasonwhyflowfeelsenjoyableandwhypeoplesofocusedontasksthatmakethemfeelResearchalsoshowsthatflowisassociatedwithdampenedactivitybrainstructuresrelatedtoself-focusandnegativethoughts.Thismayhelpexplainwhyfeelingflowcanhelpdistract(轉(zhuǎn)移)peoplefromtheabove-mentionedstudieswerecorrelational,notcausal.Furtherstudyofthisconnectionisvital.28.Accordingtothepassage,flowismostlikelytooccurwhensomeoneis______.A.playingchessagainstatoughopponentC.doingdailychoresforhisfamilymembersB.attendingaconcertofhisfavoritesingerD.sharinghistravelingexperiencewithfriends29.Flowiscalled“thesecrethappiness”partlybecauseitcanhelp______.A.turndemandingtasksintoeasieronesB.distractpeoplefromnegativethoughtsC.remindpeopletotakenecessarybreaksD.breaklong-termgoalsshorterones30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dampened”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Planned.B.Imbalanced.C.Reduced.D.Activated.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.Whendoesthestateof“flow”occur?B.Whathappensinourbrainduring“flow”?D.Howcan“flow”beachievedineverydaylife?C.Whydoesexperiencing“flow”feelgood?DIgetthatparentsworryaboutscreentime.Butspeakingasaresearcherstudyingtheeffectsofscreen-basedexperiences,screenscanbeagreattoolforreading.Digitalbooksgivechildrenuniqueopportunitiestolearnandimproveskillsthroughliteracyapps.thatend,Iamofmanyresearchersinthisfieldbelievethatdigitalreadingshouldnotbeconsideredscreeninthetraditionalsense.thenumberofeducationaltechnologicalproductsthatlackresearchandgooddesign,themillion-dollarquestionis:Whatmakesadigitalstorygoodforlearning?Overthepast20years,researchershaveidentifiedspecificdesignfeaturesandreadingsituationsthatmakedigitalbooksmoreeducationalthanothers.First,crucialthatdigitalbookshigh-qualitypersonalizedreadingexperiences.booksthathaveAI-basedtextgeneratorsandamoreopen-endeddesign,childrenbecomemultimediacreators,co-writersandco-illustratorsoftheirownstoryuniverse.Second,digitalbookscansignificantlyenhancetheparent-childreadingexperience.questionsembedded(嵌入的)indigitalbooksshouldmodelandexpandwhatparentmightask,andthroughthismodeling,enhancethequalityofparents’talkaroundthebook.ButasmuchIsupportdigitalreading,thecommercialturninthedevelopmentofedtechworriesme,particularlyrelationtoprofit-drivendesignandmisuseofdata.Likesomesocialmedia,subscriptionlibrariesturnkids’attentionintoacommodity(商品)throughautomaticbookrecommendations.Thesebooksoftentiedtoadvertisingclicksandexhibitlowliteraryqualitytheirstories.Furthermore,oftennocontentoversight,allowinganyonebecomeawhichcanleadtothecreationofbiasedordata-gatheringmaterialstargetingchildren.GenerativeAIhasexpandedcontentcreationpossibilitiesbutalsoraisedconcernsaboutthisregard,digitalbooks,likealledtech,needstrictqualitychecksandimprovedcollaborationbetweenresearchersanddevelopers.thedigitalreadingformathasopenedanexcitingnewresearchThisincludesusingreal-timedatathatteachersandotherprofessionalscanusetoindividualizehowchildrenlearntoread.AIcanbeagoodpartnersupportingadults’choiceoftexts,promptsandreadingactivitiesforchildren,provideditistrainedwithdiversedataandvalidreadingmodels.Asresearchers’callsforevidence-basedtecharebeingheardbygovernmentsandfunders,Ihopethepasttwodecadesofe-bookresearchcandelivertheadvantagesofdigitalbookstoallchildren.Likeornot,Ihopeyou’llseethat,atleastforreading,screenscanbeanamazingtooltoteachyourchildtoread.32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscountingdigitalreadingasscreentime?A.Supportive.B.Neutral.C.Cautious.D.Disapproving.33.Accordingtothepassage,digitalbookscontributeto______.A.moreopen-endedquestionsB.qualityparent-childinteractionD.changesinkids’readinghabitsC.personalizeddesignfeatures34.Whataremajorthreatstodigitalreading?A.Profit-drivendesignanddatamisuse.C.greatnumberofadvertisements.35.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.highlighttherisksofscreentime.C.anotherviewdigitalreading.B.strictchecksonthecontent.D.Lowliteraryqualitybuthighprices.B.introducesomeadvancesinedtech.D.presentthebenefitsofreadingonline.ELastyearscientistsreportedusinganeuralimplant(神經(jīng)植入物)inabraintorestorehisabilitycommunicate.Themanhasbeenpartiallyparalyzedandunabletoproducecomprehensiblespeechsinceaseverestroke.Itisthelatestadvanceintheexplodingfieldofbrain-computerinterfaces(接口),orBCIs,whichallowcomputerstoreadinformationoutofalivingbrain.Brain-computerinterfacesarepossiblebecauseoftwofacts.Thefirstisthatyourbraincontainshundredsoftinymaps.representsspecificfeaturesofyourphysicalfeelingsandintendedactions.thebasicsetofbrainmapsandtheirlocationswithinthebrainareverysimilaracrossindividuals.Thankstotheirspecializedfunctionsanduniversallocations,brainmapsareidealentrypointsBCItechnologies.PickingupsignalsfromabrainmapisonlythefirststepinmakingausefulBCI.Althoughthelocationofabrainmapissameacrossindividuals,thedetails—whatpatternsofactivitywithinthemapmean—frompersonperson.asense,theuniquefeaturesofyourspecificbrainmapsserveasakindofencryption加密),safeguardingyourspecificthoughtsandfeelingsfromwould-bespies.ThatbringsustothesecondfactthatmakesBCIspossible.Thankstoadvancesinmachinelearning,scientistshavedevelopedprogramsthatcanlearnrecognizekeypatternsinavastseaofnumbers.Theytraintheseprogramstodecode(解碼)brainsignalsbyfeedingthemtonsofexamples.ResearchersdevelopingBCIsoftencreatesuchexamplesbyinstructinganindividualthinkspecificthoughtsatspecifictimes,creatinganeuralcurriculumfortheprogramlearnfrom.WhiletheuniversalfeaturesandlocationsofbrainmapsmakethemobviousentrancesforBCIs,theuniquefeaturesofyourbrainmapstendprotectthemfromspyingeyes.IncaseswhereBCIshavesuccessfullyreadspecificthoughtsorintentionsfromabrain,ithasbeenwiththepermissionoftheindividualwhosebrainwasbeingread.Buttherearesurreptitiouswaystraindecodersyourbrainwithoutyourknowledge.Thiscanhappenifyourneuraldatafallsintothehandsofcompanieswithdetailedinformationaboutyouractivities.Likealltechnologies,brain-computerinterfacesarenotnecessarilygoodorbad.whileharvestingthebenefitsofBCIs,weneedtoensurethatwehavethemeanstoprotectourselvesfromcorporationswitheverymotivetotakeadvantageofthistechnologyfortheirfinancialgain.36.Whatcanlearnaboutbrainmaps?A.Theycarryuniquemessages.B.Theycanprocessencryptedsignals.C.Theirfunctionsvaryfrompersonperson.D.Theirlocationsrevealhumanthinkingpatterns.37.Whatcaninferfromthepassage?A.BCIscanboostbrainsignalsB.BCIscouldhelprecoverfrombraininjuries.C.MachinelearningenablesBCIsreadmind.D.ThedecodingofbrainmaybebyBCIs.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surreptitious”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Secure.B.Stable.D.Secret.C.Standard.39.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThefuturetrendofBCIs.C.workingprincipleofBCIs.B.potentialrisksofBCIs.D.ThegeneralapplicationsofBCIs.FMarkhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.hesurelydeservesadditionalpraise:themanwhopopularizedcleverliteraryattackonracism(種族主義).Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilH.B.UncleCabinonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithminorexceptions,plantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudice(偏見)intotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseHedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintotheAgainandagain,thepostwaryears,seemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Considerthemostcontroversial,leastofnovels,ofHuckleberryFinn.OnlyabookshavebeenkickedtheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn,mostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthemasrude.himselfwrotethatthosewhobannedthebookconsideredthenovel“trashandsuitableonlyfortheslums(貧民窟).”MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim,theescapedslave,andmanyoccurrencesoftheword(ThetermNiggerJim,forwhichthenovelisoftenseverelycriticized,neverappearsit.)Buttheattackswereandaresilly—andmissthepoint.novelisstronglysearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedheroic.AsJ.Chadwickhaspointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecultureandvoiceoftheindividual:Jim,thefatherandtheman.”Thereismuchmore.mysterynovelPudd’nheadstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior(低等的)towhites,especiallyintelligence,talecenteredpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtoherbabyand,fearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimthebabybyhiswife.Thelight-skinnedchildwastakenbewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave-holdingclass.Thebabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslave.Thepointwasdifficulttonurture(),notnature,wasthekeysocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedtheofprejudice—mannerofspeech,example—were,toindicativeofnothingotherthanconditioningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.racialtonewasnotperfect.isleftexample,bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography(自傳)abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled“niggershows”hisyouth—mostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack-face—andhisdelightgettinghismothertolaughthem.thereisnoreasonthinksawtheshowsasrepresentingHisfrequentattacksonslaveryprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthattheydidnot.aracist?Askingthequestionthe21stcenturyisaswiseasaskingthesameofLincoln.Ifwereadthewordsandattitudesofthepastthroughthe“wisdom”oftheconsideredmoraljudgmentsofthepresent,wewillfindnothingbutLincoln,believedtheblackmantheinferiorofthewhite,foughtandwonawartofreehim.raisedaslavestate,brieflyaandinventorofJim,havedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjusticeandawakenitscollectiveconsciencethananyothernovelistinthepast40.HowdonovelsonslaveryfromA.themesseemedagreewithplots.B.attackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C.wasopenlyconcernedwithracism.D.wasmorewillingtodealwithracism.41.RecentcriticismofofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyits________.A.readersatthebottomC.ratherimpolitelanguageB.anti-slaveryattitudeD.frequentuseof“nigger”42.Whatbestprovesanti-slaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?A.ThevoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.B.searchforhisfamilywasdescribeddetail.C.Jimgrewintoaandafatherwhiteculture.D.suspectedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.43.Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat________.A.blacks’socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheybroughtupB.slaveswereforcedgiveuptheirbabiestotheirmastersC.slaves’babiescouldpickupslave-holders’wayofspeakingD.blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7referto?A.Theattacks.B.SlaveryandprejudiceC.Whitemen.D.Theshows.45.WhydoestheauthorcompareLincolnthepassage?A.highlighttheirsimilarpersonalbackgrounds.B.showthatbothhadimperfectviewsonracebytoday'sstandards.C.illustratehowbothwerepraisedfortheircontributionstoliterature.D.demonstratethatbothhadcontroversialpubliclives.第三部分:書面表達(dá)(共20分)5小題,每小題4分,共20分)46.Jim在學(xué)校里總是專心聽講,積極思考,有空就做作業(yè)。(attentive)漢譯英)________________________________________________________________47.購物前,能夠比較不同網(wǎng)店的質(zhì)量和價格,非常方便。(convenient)漢譯英)________________________________________________________________48.離開的想法曾在腦海中閃過,但是他很快就放棄了這個念頭,并且找到了應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的辦法。(flashthrough)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________49.我們班已經(jīng)為運(yùn)動會準(zhǔn)備了大量的水和巧克力。(prepare)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________50.Jim覺得很激動,因?yàn)檫@個學(xué)校和他以前的學(xué)校在很多方面不一樣。(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________參考答案第一部分:知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題分,共分)【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.B7.AD9.D10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文,敘述了作者進(jìn)行志愿者活動的經(jīng)歷和感受?!?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:三個月后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己坐上了飛往亞利桑那州鳳凰城的飛機(jī)。A.imagined想象;B.found發(fā)現(xiàn);C.enjoyed享受;D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)下文“onaplanetoPhoenix,Arizona”以及語境可知,在發(fā)現(xiàn)USA之后三個月,作者就動身了,即,“發(fā)現(xiàn)”自己在飛往目的地的飛機(jī)上。故選B項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一想到要和一群陌生人一起生活三個月,我就很緊張。A.annoyed煩惱的;B.surprised驚訝的;C.nervous緊張的;D.excited激動的。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ivingwithloadsofnewpeoplethreemonths”以及“myworrieshadgone”可知,作者知道要和許多陌生人一起度過三個月時,內(nèi)心很“緊張”。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我被派往科羅納多國家森林進(jìn)行我的第一個為期8天的項(xiàng)目。A.project項(xiàng)目;B.tour旅行;C.campaign運(yùn)動;D.course課程。根據(jù)下文“hadcarryeverythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.”可知,作者被派往科羅納多國家森林進(jìn)行第一個為期8天的“項(xiàng)目”。故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這似乎不是一段很長的路,但在35攝氏度的高溫下,再加上沉重的背包,我的腿像是著火了。A.nice美好的;B.safe安全的;C.long長的;D.quick快的。根據(jù)上文“threemiles”可知,三英里的步行距離并不是很“長的”。故選C項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我的工作是用巖石建一個階梯。A.build建造;B.test測試;C.clean清潔;D.guard保衛(wèi)。根據(jù)下文“climbingupanddownthesideofamountain”可知,作者在獅子棲息地“建造”一個階梯供獅子攀爬。故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:這意味著要在山獅居住的山坡上爬上爬下,盡管我應(yīng)該說,我只聽說過這些獅子,卻從沒有看到它們。A.helped幫助;B.meant意味著;allowed允許;D.ended結(jié)束。根據(jù)前一句“Myjobwasto5astairwayoutofrock”可知,本句是對前一句工作內(nèi)容的解釋和補(bǔ)充:這“意味著”要在山獅居住的山坡上爬上爬下。故選B項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:知道我的作品將在那片山上出現(xiàn)多年,我感到非常滿足。A.satisfaction滿足;B.ambition野心;C.expectation期待;D.intention意圖。根據(jù)上文“Threedaysabeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.”以及下文“myworkwillbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocome”可知,作者知道自己建造的石梯會在山上存在很久,內(nèi)心十分“滿足”。故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:溫度接近冰點(diǎn)。A.boiling沸騰的;B.average平均的;C.normal正常的;D.freezing極冷的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”可知,溫度是“極冷的”,作者冷到顫抖。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:但我知道,無論在生命中將要面對什么,我都在那里,我挺過來了。A.recovered恢復(fù);B.resisted抵抗;C.escaped逃離;D.survived繼續(xù)存活。根據(jù)上文“Iwasthere”以及語境可知,無論面對什么,作者都在那里并且“存活”下來了。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我認(rèn)為參加了這個項(xiàng)目后,我變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)了。A.smarter更聰明的;B.stronger更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的;C.happier更開心的;D.busier更忙碌的。根據(jù)“ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinlife.IwasthereandI9.”以及語境可知,在志愿者經(jīng)歷后,作者變得“更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)”了。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法練習(xí)(共10小題;每小題分,共分)Part1【答案】主謂賓12.狀語13.14.【解析】【題詳解】考查句子成分。句意:近年來,來自不同領(lǐng)域的研究人員一致認(rèn)為,短期主義現(xiàn)在是我們社會中的一個重大問題。分析句子可知,本句中researchersfromdiversefields(來自不同領(lǐng)域的研究人員),為主語;haveagreed(已一致認(rèn)為),為謂語;thatshort-termismisnowasignificantprobleminoursociety(短期主義現(xiàn)在是我們社會的一個嚴(yán)重問題),為賓語從句作賓語。故填:主謂賓?!?2題詳解】考查句子成分。句意:近年來,來自不同領(lǐng)域的研究人員一致認(rèn)為,短期主義現(xiàn)在是我們社會中的一個重大問題。分析句子可知,inoursociety(在我們的社會中),為介詞短語作狀語。故填:狀語。【13題詳解】考查句子成分。句意:同樣非常不同的是,同一班的學(xué)生可以有不同的上課時間表。分析句子可知,Whatisalsoverydifferent(同樣非常不同的),為主語從句作主語;is(是),為系動詞;thatstudentsinthesameclasscanhavedifferentclassschedules(同一班的學(xué)生可以有不同的上課時間表),為表語從句作表語。故填:主系表。【14題詳解】考查句子成分。句意:同樣非常不同的是,同一班的學(xué)生可以有不同的上課時間表。分析句子可知,inthesameclass(在同一班的),為介詞短語作定語,修飾前面名詞students。故填:定語。Part2【答案】15.got16.applied17.hadanizations20.feels【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了張?zhí)斐蔀榇逍V驹刚呓處熀蟮呢暙I(xiàn)與感受?!?5題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意:去年,張?zhí)鞆拇髮W(xué)畢業(yè)并且獲得了教師資格證??仗帪榫渥拥牟⒘兄^語動詞。根據(jù)時間狀語Lastyear可知,句子為一般過去時態(tài)。故填got?!?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意:受到老師們的啟發(fā),他申請成為鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校的一名志愿教師??仗帪榫渥拥闹^語動詞。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,本句話為陳述過去事實(shí),所以用一般過去時態(tài)。故填applied?!?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意:雖然學(xué)校沒有達(dá)到他的期望,并且那里的生活比他想象的更具挑戰(zhàn)性,但他找到了應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方法??仗帪楸容^狀語從句的謂語動詞。根據(jù)空前的was可知,該動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前,主句為一般過去時態(tài),所以從句用過去完成時態(tài),表示過去的過去。故填hadthought?!?8題詳解】考查形容詞的比較級。句意:現(xiàn)在學(xué)生們的校園生活更有吸引力,學(xué)校里充滿了笑聲和音樂??仗幮枰稳菰~作表語。attract的形容詞為attractive“有吸引力的”,此處表示比以前的校園生活更有吸引力,所以需要用形容詞的比較級。故填moreattractive?!?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意:他聯(lián)系慈善組織重建學(xué)校,并幫助村民們在線銷售當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品。空處需要名詞organization“組織”,構(gòu)成短語“charityorganizations”,意為“慈善組織”,在句中作賓語。表示多個慈善組織,用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填organizations。【20題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意:雖然他最初只打算待一年,但他現(xiàn)在覺得準(zhǔn)備再待一年。空為句子的謂語動詞。根據(jù)now可知,本句話為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填feels。第二部分:閱讀理解(共50分)【答案】21.A22.AD【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種新的生活方式?!?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Besides,hyggeisalsoaboutlearningtobehappywithsimplethings.(此外,hygge也是關(guān)于學(xué)會對簡單的事情感到快樂的生活方式)”可推知,如果一個人想要享受簡單而快樂的生活,Hygge這種生活方式會適合他。故選A?!?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ComingfromJapan,wabisabiisaboutfindingbeautyimperfection.(來自日本的wabisabi,致力于在不完美中尋找美)”可知,wabisabi這種生活方式需要在不完美的生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)美。故選A?!?3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了四種不同的生活方式,根據(jù)標(biāo)題“NewLifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知,這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在流行雜志上。故選D。【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。本文講述了四名正在沖浪的青少年在緊要關(guān)頭冒險(xiǎn)救人的故事?!?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段對兄弟倆的狀態(tài)描述“Theyhadbeensweptouttoseaaripcurrent(激流),theirmouthsbarelyablestayabovetheThickfogmadeitforbeachgoerstotheguys,butthescreamswereunmistakable.Andeverysecondcounted.(他們被一股激流卷到了海里,他們的嘴幾乎無法露出水面。濃霧讓海灘上的游客很難看到他們,但尖叫聲是明顯的。千鈞一發(fā)。)”以及巡查員的話“swimmingsuchatemperature“takesthefightrightoutofyou.”(在這樣的溫度下游泳會“讓你喪失斗志”)”可知,兩兄弟情況危急,差點(diǎn)淹死在海里。故選A?!?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“NarayanSpenserStratton,Adrianall16,alongwithOrtiz-Beck,15,wereontheirsurfboardsridingupanddownthecoastonfive-footwaveswhentheyheardthecries.”(聽到呼喊聲時,16歲的Narayan、spencerStratton和Adrian15歲的ortizi–beck正在5英尺高的海浪上沖浪)可知,他們正在沖浪,故選B?!?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Itoldthem,‘Calmdown—wegotyou!’”says“Theythoughttheygoingtodie.”(“我告訴他們,冷靜點(diǎn),我們來救你們了!”說。“他們以為自己要死了。”)”可知,Narayan試圖讓兄弟倆鎮(zhèn)定下來,故選?!?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Stratton,andOrtiz-BeckpaddledtowardthedistressedswimmerswhileheadedshoretowarnsomeonecallHethendivedbacktohelphisfriends.(Stratton和Ortiz-Beck劃著槳向受困的游泳者走去,則前往岸邊告知有人撥打。然后他又跳回去幫助他的朋友們)”和第四段“Itwasprettystressful,butthereanytimetothinkaboutit,andthathelpedmekeepcool,”O(jiān)rtiz-Becksays.(Ortiz-Beck:“壓力很大,但我沒有時間去想,
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