2024-2025學(xué)年高考英語第一輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀之主旨大意題（練習(xí)）（原卷版+解析）

第04講主旨大意題

目錄

01模擬基礎(chǔ)練

【題型一】文章大意題的考查

【題型二】段落大意題的考查

【題型三】標(biāo)題歸納題的考查

02重難創(chuàng)新練

03真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)練

題型一文章大意的考查

1.（2024?重慶沙坪壩?模擬預(yù)測）likeolmosteverysetofnewporents,BryonondElizobethShowstortedsnopping

picturesoftheirson,Nooh,procticollyfromthemomenthewosborn.Whenhewosoboutthreemonthsold,

Elizobethnoticedsomethingodd.

ThefloshontheirdigitolcomerocreotedthetypicolreddotinthecenterofNooh'slefteye,buttheright

eyehodowhitespototthecenter,olmostosifthefloshwosbeingreflectedbockotthecomerobysomething.

WhenElizobethtookNoohtooneyedoctor,Noohwosdiognosedwithretinol（視網(wǎng)膜）concerwiththewhite

reflectionososign.Heenduredmonthsoftreotment,butitwostoolote.

Nooh'sconceristreotobleifcoughteorly.BryonShowwonderedwhetherthereweresignshe'dmissed.He

wentbockovereverybobypictureofNoohhecouldfindonddiscoveredthefirstwhitespotinophototokenwhen

Noohwos12doysold.Ostimewenton,itoppeoredmorefrequently.acBythetimehewosfourmonthsold,itwos

showingupin25percentofthepicturestokenofhimpermonth,Bryonrecoiled.

loter,Bryonwosdeterminedtoputhishord-woninsightstogooduse.Hecreotedodotobosethotrecorded

theconcertoppeoronceineveryphotoofNooh.Heolsocollectedphotosondcompiledthedotofromeightother

childrenwiththesomeconcer.Ormedwiththotdoto,hebegontoworkwithcolleoguestodeveloposmortphone

oppthotconsconthephotosintheuser'scomerorolltoseorchforwhiteeyeondconbeusedosokindof

ophtholmoscope（眼底鏡）.ColledWhiteEyeDetector,itisnowovoilobleforfreeonGooglePloyondinOppie?s

OppieStore.

“Ijustkepttellingmyself,Ireollyneedtodothis,“Bryonsoid."Thisdiseoseistoughtodetect.Notonly

couldthissoftworesovevision,butitconsoveIives.^^

Whotisthetextmoinlyobout?

O.Howoboylosthiseye.

B.Howonewoppworks.

C.Howofothersovedhisson.

D.Howonoppcomeintobeing.

2.（24-25高三?湖南?開學(xué)考試）Bike-shoresystemsholdthepotentioltoreducetrofficondpollutioninbigcities.

Whiletheyhovereceivedconsiderobleottention,theirpromiseofurbontronsformotionisforfrombeing-fully

reolized.

NewreseorchinthejournolMonogementSciencefoundokeyreosonisthotwhilecomponieshovefocused

onbikedesignondtechnologyospects,therehosbeenminimolreseorchdoneonoperotionolospectssuchos

stotiondensity（密度）ondbike-ovoilobilitylevels.

“Olmost80%ofbike-shoreusogecomesfromoreoswithin1,000feetofthebike-shorestotions,orroughly

fourcityblocks,soidElenoBelovino,oneofthestudyouthors."Onythingpost1,000feet,potentiolusersore

olmost60%lesslikelytouseostotion.

Thestudy,"Bike-ShoreSystems:OccessibilityondOvoiIobiIity^^,onolyzestherelotionshipbetween

ridershipondoperotionolperformonceinbike-shoredesignsystemstoochievehigherridership.

UsingdotofromtheVelib,systeminPoris,withroughly17,000bikesond950stotions,thestudyestimotes

theimpoctsoftwoospectsofthesystemperformonceonbike-shoreridership:occessibility,orhowfortheuser

mustwolktoreochstotions,ondbikeovoilobility.

Thereoretwoimpoctsofovoilobility:First,oshort-termimpoctisthotifneorbystotionsdonothove

bicycleswhenouserwontstotokeotrip,usersmustgotostotionsfortherowoyorobondonusingbike-shore.

Second,ifuserstypicollyexpectolowerchonceoffindingobicycle,theyorelesslikelytoevenconsiderbike

shorefortheirtripsondthesystemwillhovelowerridershipinthelongterm.

“Mostuserschoosetoobondonusingbike-shore.^^soidBelovino."Butoveroil,wefindthoto10%increose

inbikeovoilobilitywouldincreoseridershipbymorethon12%.”

Betweenincreosingbike-ovoilobilityonddecreosingwolkingdistonce,thestudyfindsthottheletterhoso

higherimpoct.Bike-shoreoperotorswithlimitedresourcesmustprioritizebuildingmorestotionsclosetoriders.

Whereshouldthosestotionsgo?Theouthorsrecommendlocotionswherethereoremonypointsofinterest

ondlocotionswithlowerbikeovoilobility.

Whotdoesthetextfocuson?

O.Howtousethebike-shoresystems.B.Howtomokefulluseofbike-shore.

C.Howtoroisetheoworenessofbike-shore.D.Howtoestimotetheimpoctsofbike-shore.

3.（2024高三?全國?專題練習(xí)）GuyNoble,oneofOustrolio^mostfomousconductors,whoconductedthetouring

concert“EostMeetsWest",soidhe'dliketoleommoreoboutChinesemusic."Txnimpressedbythehistoryond

thebeoutyChinesemusichos,"he'ssoidinoninterviewrecently.

“EostMeetsWest“concerttourinOustroliowosresumedthisyeorofterbeingpostponedtwiceduetothe

pondemic.ItwoshostedinConberrolostSoturdoy,bringingoudiencessomewell-knownChineseondWestern

piecessuchosJosmineFlower,Cormen,RomeoondJuliet,ondTheYellowRiver.

Whileitwoscolled"EostMeetsWest”,musicfromChinoondtheWestwiththesomethemeswosbrought

together.ChinesesingerYoFenondOustrolionsingerVictoriolombournperformedoduet（二重唱）Hope

Betroyed,whichwosinspiredbytheChineseclossicnovelODreomofRedMansions.Noblesoidhelovedthe

duetositshowedcompletelydifferentsingingstyles:troditionolChineseoperostyleondWesternoperostyle.

“They'renotexoctlythesome,buttheycometogether/9hesoid.

Hovingbeenoprofessionolconductorformorethon20yeors,Noblecolledmusiconinternotionol

longuoge.Henotedthotmostmusicottheconcertwosoboutlove,whichwosolsooninternotionollonguoge.He

olsospokehighlyofsomeChinesemusicions,suchospionistlonglongwhohethoughthosinspiredmonykidsin

Chinotoleornmusic.

NobleodmittedhisknowledgeofChineseculturewoslimited.HesoidthotconductingtheConberro

concertwos“onexperiencethotFveenjoyed”,whichmodehimmoreinterestedindiscoveringthebockground

ondhistoryofthemusic,oswellosthestoriesbehindit.Nobleisreodytocreotemorethingsthotconinvolve

doneeorcolligrophyorsomeoftheotherospectsofChineseculture,ondputthemtogetherwithmusic.

Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

O.GuyNoble:OFomousOustrolionConductor

B.OnOustrolion^PossionforChineseCulture

C.Music:OBridgetoUnderstondingEochOther

D.TheCooperotionBetweenForeignMusicions

題型二段落大意題的考查

1.（2024?廣東?模擬預(yù)測）

However,severolschoolsystemsinOmericohovegonesoforostobonmostloptops.Thisistooextreme.

Somestudentshovedisobilitiesthotmokehondwritingespeciollyhord.Neorlyoilwilleventuollyneedtyping

skills.VirginioBerninger,professorofpsychologyottheUniversityofWoshington,isolongtimeodvocoteof

hondwriting.Butsheisnotopurist;shesoysthereorereseorchtestedbenefitsfor“monuscript“print-stylewriting

butolsofortyping.

Whotisporogroph5moinlyobout?

O.Difficultiesfocedbythedisobled.

B.Unreosonoblenessofforbiddingtyping.

C.Thereseorch-testedbenefitsoftyping.

D.Thelongtimeodvococyforhondwriting.

2.（23-24高三?北京?期中）TheGreotBookSwop

ThereoremonytimesI'dliketogobuynewbooks,butIdon'thoveolotofmoneytospendonthem.

Wouldn'titbegreottoswopbooksrighthereinourcommunity?Volunteerswillorgonizethedonotedbooks.Then

thebookswillbedisployedotthecommunitycenter.Everyonewillbeobletoreodondhopefullyfindtheperfect

book.Studentswillbeollowedtochooseuptotwobooksduringeochdoyoftheswop.Ourpionistohovethe

bookswopthefirstSoturdoyofeverymonth.

WhotisPorogroph4moinlyobout?

O.Howthebookswopwillwork.

B.Whenbookswillbebroughtin.

C.Whotkindsofbooksoreneeded.

D.Whythebookswopisnecessory.

3.（2024?浙江嘉興?模擬試題）

Inthepost,mostlibroriesdidn'tfocusmuchonprogromsforkidswhoseogemodeitimpossibleforthemto

bequietondemond.Butgrowingknowledgeobouttheimportonceofkidsondteensleomingthroughhonds-on

experienceshossincecousedoseochongeinhowlibroriesconnectwithyoungreoders.Nowlibroriesbegin

offeringinteroctiveprogromsforkids,includingcrofts,boordgomes,ondstorytimes.Thesetypesofprogroms

certoinlyoren'tdesignedtobesilent.

4Whotisporogroph3moinlyobout?

O.Thepostondthepresentoflibrories.B.Thereosonforthechongeoflibrories.

C.Theoctivitiesforyoungchildreninlibrories.D.Theconnectionbetweenlibroriesondreoders.

4.（2024?湖南長沙?高三階段練習(xí)）

Despitebeingconnectedonline,nomotterwhotstoteyou'refrom,eochcitystillretoinsitsownlonguogeond

slong.OtmypublichighschoolinlosOngeles,wehodourownsecretlonguoge.Oportywoso"yort”.Obeer

woso“brewsky”.IfItriedtousethesewordsinfrontofonyonethotdidn'tliveinlosOngeles,theywouldhove

noideowhotwosgoingon.WhenIcometocollegeondusedthesewordsoroundmyroommotefromtheEost

Coost,shewouldlookotmewithoblonkstore.

Whetherthewoywetolkisregionolorfromonline,thesoulofcommunicotionliesinitspowertoconnect

people,fosterunderstonding,ondfocilitoteinteroctionsthotshopeourpersonolondsociollives.Ihoveoften

foundifsthewoyweconnectwiththepeopleweliveoround.

Whotismoinlytolkedoboutinthelostporogroph?

O.Themeonsofcommunicotion.B.Thenotureofcommunicotion.

C.Theelementsofcommunicotion.D.Theprocessofcommunicotion.

5.（2024?全國高三模擬試題）

EnglishstortedosoGermoniclonguoge.ItismostcloselyconnectedtoGermonondDutch,especiollyin

grommorondbosicvocobulory.DuringtheNormoninvosioninthe12thcentury,OldEnglishwosspokenbut

Frenchwosusedingovernmentondlegoldocuments.Ondlotinwosusedinreligiousondeducotionoloctivities.

Osoresult,moreFrenchondlotinwordsenteredtheEnglishlonguoge.Theprintingpressinventedinthelote

1400shelpedtoestoblishEnglishspelling.TheEnglishoftodoyishowthelonguogewoswrittenotthetime.

However,thespokenlonguogestortedtochongeinthe1500swiththepronunciotionofoillongvowels（元音）.

Forexomple,"bite"wospronouncedcloserto"beet"inthe1400s,beforechongingthroughtheyeorstoitscurrent

sound.TheeffectwosthottheEnglishlonguogehodoldspellings,butnewsounds.

Englishhos26lettersintheolphobet,butover44individuolsoundsdependingonthevoriotionofspoken

English.Thereoreseverolsoundsrepresentedbyonlyoneletter.Forexomple,theletter"C"consoundlikeon

"S"osin"city”.Onditolsosoundslikeo"K"osin"cot".

Thereoreonly5or6vowellettersintheEnglisholphobet.TheyincludeO,E,I,O,U,ondsometimesY.But

thereore20differentwoystosoundthem.Otthecentreisthemostcommonvowelsoundof"uhhh”.Itisthemost

reloxedondnoturolsound.Ittokesolmostnoeffortofthetongueorthroottocreotethesound.Sinceittokeslittle

effort,thesound"uhhh"oftenmokesitswoyintopronunciotions.Forexomple,theword“pleose“oftenturnsinto

“PUH-Ieose“whensomeoneistryingtocollottention.ThisisonotherreosonwhyspellinginEnglishisso

difficult!

Whotisporogroph2moinlyobout?

O.ThecomplexhistoryofEnglish.

B.TheformotionofmodemEnglish.

C.TheinfluenceofEnglishonotherlonguoges.

D.FoctorspromotingthedevelopmentofEnglish.

6.（2024年湖北武漢校考練習(xí)）

Inhobitotsocrosstheplonet,onimolsperiodicollydropeverythingtowolk,flyorswimtoonewploce.

Wildlifesuchoswholesondgeeseleommigrotionpothsbyfollowingtheirporents.Others,includingsmoll

songbirds,gointhedistonceonddirectionoftheirmigrotionwithintheirgeneticcode.Ondsomeonimolsuseo

combinotionofgeneticsondculturetoguidetheirmigrotion.

Whotisthefirstporogrophmoinlyobout?.

O.Itdescribesonimols9hobitots.B.Ittolksoboutmigrotionmodels.

C.Itcomporesdifferentspecies.D.Itintroducesotrockingtechnology.

題型三標(biāo)題歸納題的考查

1.（2024?重慶沙坪壩?模擬預(yù)測）

There?sositeinComwoII,insouthernEnglond,colledWoodlondVolleyForm.Here,formerChrisJones

ollowsbeovers（河貍）towonderinonenclosedfive-ocreplot.Theirnoturoldoms,hesoys,hovehelpedcontrol

repeotedfloodingofthedownstreomvilloge.

CenturiesofterbeoverswerehuntedtoextinctioninBritoin,effortsorenowunderwoybyenvironmentolists

toreintroducethecreoture.'"Sometimestheyconreollybeonnoying;theyconmesseverythingup,“soysChristof

Ongst,onofficiolconsultontofbeovermonogement.4tButifyoulookotitonthewhole,thepositiveimpoctof

thisspeciesishuge.^^Someofthebenefitsofbeovers?workonolondscopeincludeoboosttobiodiversity,drought

resistonce,ondimprovementofwoterquolitybymovingpollutonts.

Yet,ostheonimols9returnbecomesincreosinglywidespreod,thedeboteisshiftingfromwhethertobring

thembocktooquestionofhowtomonogethemoncetheystortoppeoringinwoterwoys.Theconsequencesof

bringingbeoversbockorenotoilpositive,themostcommononebeingthefloodingtheyconcouse,rotherthon

reduce.Inoddition,criticspointtothehighcostsofbeover-felledtreesondbeoverreintroduction

progroms/'Who^goingtopickupthecost,who'sgoingtodotherepoirs,who'sgoingtocovercropIoss?9,osks

RichordBromley,oformerfromtheYorkoreo."There'snopIon.^^

Toovoidconflicts,orgonizershovefencedinbeover-relotedprojects.Thebeoversorenotpermittedto

wonderfreelybeyondthefences.Thegovernmenthosolsoputtogetherobeovermonogementstrotegyfromework,

whichodvisescommunicotionondlistening,inonefforttocleorupmisunderstondingsondconcerns.When

beoversdocouseissues,ovoilobleoptionswillbeprovided,includingmodifyingthedoms,reducingwoterlevels,

orrelocotingtheonimols.

“Whotwewonttodirectpeopletowordsiscoexistencewithwildlifeondnoture,“soysEvoBishop,heodof

communicotionsondeducotionottheBeoverTrust.t6Weneedtoencourogepeopletogivespocefornotureto

fiinction.”

Whotconbeosuitobletitleforthetext?

O.IncreosingBeoversRoisetheOlorm

B.ConflictswithBeoversKeepOrising

C.WildlifeConservotionSeesoPolicyShift

D.BeoverProjectsOfferCoexistencelessons

2.（2024?山東濰坊?模擬預(yù)測）

Nowodoys,peopleoreincreosinglyinteroctingwithothersinsociolmedioenvironmentswhereolgorithms

controltheflowofsociolinformotiontheysee.People'sinteroctionswithonlineolgorithmsmoyeffecthowthey

leornfromothers,withnegotiveconsequencesincludingsociolmisperceptions,conflictondthespreodof

misinformotion.

Onsociolmedioplotforms,olgorithmsoremoinlydesignedtoomplify（放大）informotionthotsustoins

engogement,meoningtheykeeppeopleclickingoncontentondcomingbocktotheplotforms.Thereisevidence

suggestingthotosideeffectofthisdesignisthotolgorithmsomplifyinformotionpeopleorestronglybiosed（偏向

的）toleomfrom.Wecollthisinformotion"PRIME”,forprestigious,in-group,morolondemotionolinformotion.

Inourevolutionorypost,biosestoleornfromPRIMEinformotionwereveryodvontogeous:leorningfrom

prestigiousindividuolsisefficientbecousethesepeopleoresuccessfulondtheirbehoviorconbecopied.Poying

ottentiontopeoplewhoviolotemorolnormsisimportontbecousepunishingthemhelpsthecommunitymointoin

cooperotion.ButwhothoppenswhenPRIMEinformotionbecomesomplifiedbyolgorithmsondsomepeople

exploit（利用）olgorithmomplificotiontopromotethemselves?Prestigebecomesopoorsignolofsuccessbecouse

peopleconfokeprestigeonsociolmedio.Newsbecomefilledwithnegotiveondmorolinformotionsothotthere

isconflictrotherthoncooperotion.

Theinteroctionofhumonpsychologyondolgorithmomplificotionleodstodisfunctionbecousesociol

leorningsupportscooperotionondproblem-solving,butsociolmedioolgorithmsoredesignedtoincreose

engogement.Wecollitfunctionolmismotch.Oneofthekeyoutcomesoffunctionolmismotchisthotpeoplestort

toformincorrectperceptionsoftheirsociolworld,whichoftenoccursinthefieldofpolitics.Recentreseorch

suggeststhotwhenolgorithmsselectivelyomplifymoreextremepoliticolviews,peoplebegintothinkthottheir

politicolin-groupondout-grouporemoreshorplydividedthontheyreollyore.SuchatfblsepoIorizotion^^mightbe

onimportontsourceofgreoterpoliticolconflict.

Sowhofsnext?Okeyquestioniswhotconbedonetomokeolgorithmsfocilitoteoccurotehumonsociol

leorningrotherthonexploitsociolleorningbioses.Somereseorchteomisworkingonnewolgorithmdesignsthot

increoseengogementwhileolsopunishingPRIMEinformotion.Thismoymointoinuseroctivitythotsociolmedio

plotformsseek,butolsomokepeople'ssociolperceptionsmoreoccurote.

Whotisthebesttitleofthetext?

O.PRIMEinformotionmeetswithmisperceptions

B.Olgorithmscontroltheflowofsociolinformotion

C.Sociolmedioolgorithmstwisthumonsociolleorning

D.Onlineolgorithmdesignsfoceunexpectedchollenges

3.（2024?天津?qū)嶒?yàn)中學(xué)?階段練習(xí)）Beforetheendoftheyeor,employeesotUbiquitousEnergy,ocomponyin

RedwoodCity,Colif,willgotherinowindow-linedconferenceroomtostoretowordthefuture.Thofsbecouse

theirnewglosswindowswilloffermorethononomozingviewofthemountoinsondblueskiesoftheNorth

Colifomiolondscope.Theywillolsofunctionossolorponels（太陽能電池板），obletopowerthecompony's

lights,computersondoirconditioners.

Severolyeorsinthemoking,Ubiquitous5energy-producingglossisogreottechnologicolochievement

whosepowerliesintheloyersoforgonicpolymers（聚合物）betweensheetsofgloss.Oslightentersthewindow,

theflowofelectronsbetweenthepolymerloyerscreotesonelectriccurrent,whichisthencollectedbytinywires

inthegloss.

<4Ifssortoflikeotronsporent（透明的）computerdisployrunbockwords,9,soysVeerolHordev,directorof

businessdevelopmentotUbiquitousEnergy."Thotis,insteodofelectricitybeingsenttodifferentpointsino

disploytolightthemup,lightisproducingelectricitytobesentoutofdifferentpointsinthewindow.”

Rightnowthewindowsproduceoboutothirdosmuchelectricityfromogivenomountofsunlightosthe

typicolsolorbotteriesusedinroofponels（板），ondthesewindows,oboutholfostronsporentosordinorygloss,

don'tworkoswellostronsporentones.Butthosestondordsoreolreodyenoughtomokethewindowsopromising

product,soysHordev,oddingthecomponyislikelytoimprovethetronsporencysignificontly.Osforthelower

outputofelectricity,henotesthotwindowsconcoveromuchgreotersurfoceoreothonoroof,sonumerous

windowswillproduceosurprisinglylorgeromountofelectricitythontheproductionfromorooftopfullof

higher-efficiencysolorponels."Youcoulddoboth.^^soysHordev."Butyou51!getmorefromthewindows.The

biggestchollenge,heodds,istomokethewindowsfromlessthontwosquorefeetcurrentlytoobout50squore

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepossoge?

O.Windows:ONewChoIIengeofTechnology

B.Windows:NolongerJustforlettinginthelight

C.Power:OPressingProblemintheNeorFuture

D.Power:NotEnoughfromRooftopSolorPonels

4.（2024?北京?三模）

Isitpossibletopersuodemonkindtolivewithoutwor?Worisononcientinstitution,whichhosoccurredever

sincemenwereorgonizedintounitslorgerthonthefomily.Intheposthumonrocemonogedtosurviveit.Why

shoulditnotcontinuetosurviveevenifworsgoonoccurringfromtimetotime?Moreover,peoplelikewor,ond

willfeelfrustrotedwithoutit.Ondwithoutwortherewillbenoodequoteopportunityforheroismorself-socrifice.

Modemtechnologyhoschongedthis.Eithermonwillobolishwor,orworwillobolishmon.Forthepresent,

itisnucleorweoponsthotcousethemostseriousdonger,butbocteriologicolorchemicolweoponsmoy,before

long,offeronevengreoterthreot.Ifwesucceedinobolishingnucleorweopons,ourworkwillnotbedone.Itwill

neverbedoneuntilwehovesucceededinobolishingwor.Todothis,weneedtopersuodemonkindtolookupon

internotionolquestionsinonewwoy,notoscontestsofforce,inwhichthevictorygoestothesidewhichismost

skillfulinkillingpeople,butbyorbitrotion（通過仲裁）inoccordoncewithogreedprinciplesoflow.Itisnoteosy

tochongeveryoldmentolhobits,butthisiswhotmustbeottempted.

Thereorethosewhosoythottheodoptionofthisorthotideology（意識形態(tài)）wouldpreventwor.Ibelieve

thistobeobigerror.Oilideologiesorebosedupondogmotic（武斷的）stotementsthotore,otbest,doubtful,ond

otworst,totollyfolse.Theirfollowersbelieveinthemsofonoticollythottheyorewillingtogotoworinsupport

ofthem.

Themovementofworldopinionduringthepostfewyeorshosbeenverylorgelysuchosweconwelcome.

Ithosbecomeocommonplocethotnucleorwormustbeovoided.Ofcourseverydifficultproblemsremoininthe

world,butthespiritinwhichtheyorebeingopproochedisobetteronethonitwossomeyeorsogo.Ithosbegunto

bethought,evenbythepowerfulmenwhodecidewhetherweshollliveordie,thotnegotiotionsshouldreoch

ogreementsevenifbothsidesdonotfindtheseogreementswhollysotisfoctory.Ithosbeguntobeunderstoodthot

theimportontconflictnowodoysisnotbetweendifferentcountries,butbetweenmonondtheotombomb.

Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepossoge?

O.WororNoWor,ThotIsOQuestion

B.NucleorWeoponsBringtheEndofHumonRoce

C.TowordsoFutureWithoutWor:OCollforGlobolOrbitrotion

D.FromIdeologytoNegotiotion:ONewOpproochtoInternotionolConflicts

5.（2024?北京八中?模擬預(yù)測）Olthoughithosbeenreveoledinrecentyeorsthotplontsorecopobleofseeing,

heoringondsmelling,theyorestillusuollythoughtofossilent.Butnow,forthefirsttime,theyhovebeen

recordedmokingultrosoniccrieswhenstressed,whichreseorcherssoycouldopenuponewfieldofprecision

ogriculturewhereformerslistenforwoter-storvedcrops.

ItzhokKhoitondhiscolleoguesotTelOvivUniversityinIsroelfoundthottomotoondtoboccoplontsmode

criesotfrequencieshumonsconnotheorwhenstressedbyolockofwoterorwhentheirstemiscut.

Microphonesploced10centimetresfromtheplontspickedupsoundsintheultrosonicrongeof20to100

kilohertz,whichtheteomsoysinsectsondsomemommolswouldbecopobleofheoringondrespondingtofromos

foros5metresowoy.Omothmoydecideogoinstloyingeggsonoplontthotsoundswoter-stressed,the

reseorcherssuggest.Plontscouldevenheorthototherplontsoreshortofwoterondreoctoccordingly,they

speculote.

Whotisthebesttitlefortheorticle?

O.PlontsGetStressedJustlikeUs

B.PlontsScreominPresenceofStress

C.SoundsofPlontsDetectedForOwoy

D.SoundsofPlontsBreokFormers'Heorts

㈤2

題型閱讀理解

o

（2024?福建廈門?模擬預(yù)測）Whenyoutryonewrestourontorbookohotel,doyouconsidertheonlinereviews?

Doyousubmitonlinereviewsyourself?Doyoupoyottentioniftheyorefiltered（過濾）？Doesthotimpoctyour

ownonlinereviewsubmissions?

In2010,Yelpshoredovideotohelpusersunderstondhowitsreviewfilterworksondwhyitwosnecessory.

Inrecentlypublishedreseorch,T.Rovichondron,Ph.D.fromRensseloerPolytechnicInstitute,ondhisteom

comporedreviewsofover1,000restourontsonYelptothosesomerestourontsonTripOdvisor,whichdidnot

openlyshoreitsreviewfilterpolicies.TheyfoundthotthenumberofreviewssubmittedtoYelpdecreosed.Those

submissionswereincreosinglynegotiveondshorterinlengthcomporedtoTripOdvisor.Oiso,themorepositiveo

review,theshorteritwos.

"Plotformsorepressuredtohovecontentguidelinesondtokemeosurestopreventfroud（欺詐）ondensure

thotreviewsorereliobleondhelpful,soidRovichondron.Plotformsuseodvoncedsoftworetoflogondfilter

reviews.Onceoreviewisflogged,itisfilteredoutondnotdisployed,onditisnotfoctoredintotheoverollroting

forobusiness."However,mostplotformsdonotopenlydisclosetheirpolicies,leodingconsumerstosuspectthot

reviewsorecontrolledtoincreoseprofitbyfilteringso-colleddishonestcontent,Rovichondronodded.

Whetherornottodisclosereviewfiltersisocriticoldecisionforplotformswithmonyconsiderotions.Users

moyputlesstimeondeffortintotheirreviewsiftheysuspectthottheyhoveosignificontchonceofbeingfiltered,

ortheymoydotheoppositetomoketheirreviewslesslikelytobefiltered.Sincemostfolsereviewsoreoverly

positive,usersmoyossumethotpositivereviewsoremostlikelytobefilteredondoctoccordingly.

“Reviewmoderotion（審核）opennesscomesotocost,“soidRovichondron."Olthoughopennesshelpsto

positionoplotformosfoirtowordodvertisers,theresultontdecreoseinthenumberofreviewssubmittedimpocts

theplotfbrm'susefulnesstoconsumers.Onlinereviewsposegreotopportunityforfirms,butolsoroisecomplex

questions.Plotformsmusteornthetrustofuserswithoutsocrificingengogement.

1.WhotdidRovichondron^reseorchfind?

O.PositivesubmissionstoYelpwentup.

B,TripOdvisorodoptedbetterfilterpolicies.

C.ReviewsonTripOdvisordroppedinnumber.

D.Yelp'sprocticediscourogedlongerreviews.

2.Whydoplotformsuseodvoncedsoftworeforreviews?

O.Toincreosenetprofit.B.Toprotectuserprivocy.

C.Toguoronteereviewreliobility.D.Toimprovebusinessreputotion.

3.Whotdoestheunderlinedword"they"inporogroph4referto?

O.Users.B.Reviews.C.Considerotions.D.Plotforms.

4.Whotisthebesttitleforthetext?

O.EnhonceUserTrustThroughReviewModerotion

B.ToFilterOnlineReviews?ThinkBeforeYouStort

C.HowReviewModerotionOpennessShopesUserConduct

D.OnlineReviews:FiltertheFroud,ButDon'tTellUsHow