簡(jiǎn)約中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)二十四節(jié)氣之立冬英文主題

中/國(guó)/傳/統(tǒng)/節(jié)/日20XX11/07立冬是冬季的第一個(gè)節(jié)氣，也是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)二十四節(jié)氣（the24traditionalChinesesolarterms）中的第十九個(gè)節(jié)氣。立，是“建立、開始”的意思；冬有“終了”的意思。所以，立冬至，則冬日始，秋收作物要儲(chǔ)藏起來(lái)了。目錄壹TheStartofWinter立冬中/國(guó)/傳/統(tǒng)/節(jié)/日貳Beginningofwinterornot立冬就代表著入冬叁Welcomingthewinterinancienttimes古代的迎冬活動(dòng)肆CustomforTheStartofWinter

立冬風(fēng)俗TheStartofWinter

立冬立冬是季節(jié)類節(jié)氣，立冬表示冬季自此開始。立冬過(guò)后，日照時(shí)間將繼續(xù)縮短，正午太陽(yáng)高度降低。中/國(guó)/傳/統(tǒng)/節(jié)/日TheStartofWinter立冬“WinterBegins”arrivesonNovember7orNovember8eachyear.Atthistimeoftheyear,someriversinChinastarttofreeze.立冬通常是每年的11月7日或8日。每年這個(gè)時(shí)候，河水就開始結(jié)冰。TheStartofWinter立冬StartofWinteristhefirstsolartermofwinter,whichmeanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldbestoredup.“立冬”是冬季的第一個(gè)節(jié)氣，它意味著冬天到來(lái)，秋季豐收的作物全部要儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)。Beginningofwinterornot立冬就代表著入冬立冬是季節(jié)類節(jié)氣，立冬表示冬季自此開始。立冬過(guò)后，日照時(shí)間將繼續(xù)縮短，正午太陽(yáng)高度降低。中/國(guó)/傳/統(tǒng)/節(jié)/日Beginningofwinterornot立冬就代表著入冬Beginningofwinterornot立冬就代表著入冬？Inancienttimes,theChinesepeopletooktheStartofWintertobethebeginningofthewinter.However,infact,theStartofWinterisnotthebeginningofwinterintermsofmeteorology.Theclimateeveryyearisdifferent,sothebeginningofwintercouldbequitedifferent.AndwiththevastterritoryofChina,winterofeveryareadoesn’tbeginatthesametime.Beginningofwinterornot立冬就代表著入冬Beginningofwinterornot立冬就代表著入冬？在中國(guó)古代人們認(rèn)為立冬這一天就標(biāo)志著冬季的到來(lái)，但事實(shí)上，農(nóng)歷的立冬并不是現(xiàn)在氣象學(xué)上的冬季開始。而且每年氣候條件都不同，實(shí)際入冬的時(shí)間就有所差異了，再加上中國(guó)幅員遼闊，各地入冬時(shí)間并不一致。Welcomingthewinterinancienttimes古代的迎冬活動(dòng)立冬是季節(jié)類節(jié)氣，立冬表示冬季自此開始。立冬過(guò)后，日照時(shí)間將繼續(xù)縮短，正午太陽(yáng)高度降低。中/國(guó)/傳/統(tǒng)/節(jié)/日Welcomingthewinterinancienttimes古代的迎冬活動(dòng)Thefourbeginningsoftheseasonswereimportantfestivalsinancienttimes.BeforetheStartofWinter,theancientemperorwouldtakeashowerandhavenomoremeat.Onthatday,theemperorwouldleadhisofficialstothesuburbsandperformtheceremonyof"welcomingthewinter."Welcomingthewinterinancienttimes古代的迎冬活動(dòng)二十四節(jié)氣中的四立，在中國(guó)古代是重要的節(jié)日，在“立冬”之前，天子會(huì)戒齋沐浴，“立冬”這一天，親率群臣出郊，行“迎冬之禮”。Welcomingthewinterinancienttimes古代的迎冬活動(dòng)Eatingdumplings吃餃子相傳在東漢(公元25-220年)末年，“立冬”前后，很多河南省的老百姓患上了傷寒，耳朵被凍傷，“醫(yī)圣”張仲景知道后巧施妙法幫老百姓治好了傷寒和耳凍。AlegendhasitthatattheendoftheEasternHanDynasty(AD25-220),"MedicalSaint"ZhangZhongjingsavedmanypeopleinHenanprovincefromatyphoidepidemicandtheirears’frombeingfrostbittenaroundStartofWinter.Welcomingthewinterinancienttimes古代的迎冬活動(dòng)Eatingdumplings吃餃子Hecookedmutton,hotpeppersandherbstodispelthecoldandincreasebodyheat.Hewrappedtheseingredientsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape.Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefoodwhichbecameknownas"dumpling".Todaythereisstillasayingthatgoes"EatdumplingsonStartofWinterDay,oryourearswillbefrostbitten".張仲景將羊肉，辣椒以及驅(qū)寒提熱的藥材煮熟，包在耳朵狀的面皮中。此后，老百姓也開始模仿制作這種“耳朵狀”食物即現(xiàn)在被大家熟知的餃子。直到今天，仍有“立冬不端餃子碗，凍掉耳朵沒人管”的說(shuō)法。CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗立冬是季節(jié)類節(jié)氣，立冬表示冬季自此開始。立冬過(guò)后，日照時(shí)間將繼續(xù)縮短，正午太陽(yáng)高度降低。中/國(guó)/傳/統(tǒng)/節(jié)/日CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗YifanFestivalofMulamEthnicMinority仫佬族的依飯節(jié)YifanFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsoftheMulamethnicminorityinGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion.ItisheldaroundtheStartofWintereverythreetofiveyearsandlastsonetothreedays.Thefestivalincludesinvitingthegod,offeringsacrifices,askingthegodtoenjoythesacrifice,singingpraiseofthegod,drinkingwinewiththebloodofchicken,andsendingthegodoff.CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗YifanFestivalofMulamEthnicMinority仫佬族的依飯節(jié)依飯節(jié)是生活在廣西壯族自治區(qū)的一個(gè)少數(shù)民族仫佬族的最重要節(jié)日之一，在立冬前后舉行。依飯節(jié)每三年到五年舉辦一次，每次持續(xù)一到三天，主要儀式包括請(qǐng)圣，牲祭神靈，勸神，唱神，合兵(參加祭祀者將雞血滴于酒碗中飲用，祈求神靈保護(hù))以及送神。CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗Nourishingthewinter食補(bǔ)OnthefirstdayofStartofWinter,thereisacustom,"nourishingthewinter",inSoutheastChinainplacessuchasFujian,GuangdongandTaiwanprovinces.Topreparefortheoncomingcoldwinter,peoplethereliketoeathigh-caloriefoodsuchaschicken,duck,beef,mutton,andfish,whichareusuallystewedwiththefourChinesemedicines:angelica,ligusticumwallichii,Chineseherbaceouspeonyandrehmanniaglutinosalibosch,toenhancetheeffectivenessofthenourishment.CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗Nourishingthewinter食補(bǔ)在中國(guó)東南部的一些地方比如福建、廣東、臺(tái)灣等地，流行在立冬這一天“食補(bǔ)”。人們食用雞鴨魚肉以及牛羊肉等高熱量的食物，為即將到來(lái)的寒冬做準(zhǔn)備。在烹煮時(shí)通常會(huì)加入中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的四味中藥：當(dāng)歸，川芎，芍藥以及地黃來(lái)增加食物的食補(bǔ)功效。CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗EatingChinesepumpkins吃倭瓜餃子在天津，人們會(huì)在“立冬”這一天吃倭瓜餡包的餃子。倭瓜是中國(guó)北方一種很常見的蔬菜。通常人們會(huì)在夏天買了倭瓜儲(chǔ)存下來(lái)專門等到“立冬”這一天食用。InTianjin,onthefirstdayofStartofWinter,peopleeatdumplingsstuffedwithChinesepumpkins(wogua).ItisacommonvegetableinNorthChina.Generally,thepumpkinsareboughtinthesummerandstoreduntiltheStartofWinterwhentheyaretakenout.CustomforTheStartofWinter立冬風(fēng)俗EatingtuanziinWuxi無(wú)錫人吃團(tuán)子OnthefirstdayofStartofWinter,peopleinWuxihaveacustomofeatingtuanzi,akindoftraditionalChinesefoodmadewithrice.Atthistime,theautumngraincropshavejustbeensoldonthemarket,andthetuanzimadebythenewly-harvestedcropstastesdelicious.Mostruralresidentsmaketuanzibythemselves,whileurbanresidentsbuyready-madetuanzi.Thetuanzistuffingcanbesweetbeanpaste,radishorlard.無(wú)錫人在“立冬”這一天有食團(tuán)子的習(xí)俗。團(tuán)子是一種由糯米制成的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)美食。每年冬天當(dāng)年秋收的谷物一上市，市民就買來(lái)新鮮的谷物制作團(tuán)子，吃起來(lái)口齒