2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit24SocietyPeriodFourCommunicationWorkshop學(xué)案含解析北師大版選修8

PAGEUnit24SocietyPeriodFourCommunicationWorkshopⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．swingvi.搖動(dòng)2．sentencen.判決3．finen.罰款4．moreoveradv.再者，此外5．a(chǎn)bolishvt.廢除6．merchantn.商人7．furthermoreadv.此外，而且8．suckvt.含在嘴里吮吸9．prayern.祈禱，禱告→prayv.祈禱10．consequentlyadv.所以，因此→consequentadj.由……引起的→consequencen.后果Ⅱ.核心短語(yǔ)1．let_sb._off不懲處某人2．break_into闖入(行竊)3．on_principle原則上，依據(jù)原則4．settle_down穩(wěn)定；定居5．takeoaccount把……考慮在內(nèi)6．takeiteasy別驚慌；放松7．doawaywith廢除，取消，結(jié)束8．sentencesb.todeath判某人死刑Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。What_is_even_more_unbelievableisthefactthatsomemurderersareletoutofprisonafterthreeorfouryears.更令人難以置信的是一些兇手三、四年后從監(jiān)獄被釋放這一事實(shí)。2．“Howcome？”作獨(dú)立的句子時(shí)常用于口語(yǔ)，意為“為什么？/怎么會(huì)呢？”How_come?怎么會(huì)呢？課文預(yù)讀[以上部分譯文]犯罪活動(dòng)與懲處6月14日上周波利·費(fèi)勒的文章非常優(yōu)秀，因?yàn)樗?在文章中)指責(zé)了這個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)犯人的輕判(制度)。我哥哥是個(gè)警察，他告知我毒犯和搶劫犯在犯罪之后僅僅幾個(gè)星期或幾個(gè)月就出現(xiàn)在大街上，甚至(有的)只被罰款就釋放了。甚至更不行思議的是一些殺人犯入獄三四年就出獄了。因?yàn)檫@樣，很多人對(duì)英國(guó)的司法系統(tǒng)的公正性正在丟失信念。我認(rèn)為這個(gè)國(guó)家應(yīng)當(dāng)復(fù)原重判，以讓罪犯為他們的所作所為付出代價(jià)。我完全認(rèn)可美國(guó)人的觀點(diǎn)“事不過(guò)三”，即犯三次罪就終身監(jiān)禁。那是愛(ài)護(hù)社會(huì)安定、阻擋年輕人犯罪的唯一方法。如此多的錢被花在監(jiān)獄上，以至于它們(被裝修得)像旅館一樣，配有電視和健身房。犯人應(yīng)當(dāng)工作而不應(yīng)當(dāng)像在度假營(yíng)中的度假者一樣被對(duì)待。我還認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)像美國(guó)那樣復(fù)原死刑(制度)。當(dāng)一個(gè)人殺了人，他們不應(yīng)當(dāng)再活下去。我們也須要考慮死者的家屬和摯友要求正義的愿望。RJ布徹金厄姆，牛津郡[以上部分譯文]6月20日讀了貴報(bào)上周刊登的RJ布徹所寫的信，我覺(jué)得恐怖。他/她把懲處看作一次報(bào)復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)。在我看來(lái)，懲處的主要目的應(yīng)當(dāng)是改造那些曾犯過(guò)罪的人。我們須要幫助和改造那些罪犯，以使他們成為社會(huì)中的有用成員。我們也須要杜絕如毒品和貧困這樣的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題常常導(dǎo)致犯罪活動(dòng)。原則上我完全反對(duì)重判，同時(shí)真的認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)廢除死刑。判無(wú)期徒刑(或終身監(jiān)禁)的唯一條件是：罪犯非常危急，一旦被釋放出獄，四周的人們就要遭殃。布徹先生/小姐建議復(fù)原死刑(制度)，這會(huì)更糟。我們得承認(rèn)，死刑是一種謀殺，并不比其他的謀殺好到哪里去，僅僅因?yàn)樗蓢?guó)家執(zhí)行。它是一種殘忍的懲處形式，是違反人類尊嚴(yán)的。除此之外，它也是極其不公允的，因?yàn)榭赡艹霈F(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。在美國(guó)過(guò)去的100年中，有23個(gè)人被誤判了死刑，還有大約400例其他的案件疑點(diǎn)重重。比起其他的懲處，死刑更多地影響了社會(huì)的一些部門。因而，在美國(guó)，假如受害者是黑人而謀殺者是白人，那么罪犯就有可能不被判處死刑，顛倒過(guò)來(lái)狀況則相反。保羅·梅森約克課文理解TaskOne：FastreadingⅠ.Skimthetextandfinishthefollowingquestions.1．WhatisthemainideaofRJButcher'sletter?Much_harder_sentences_should_be_brought_back,_whichistheonlywayofprotectingsocietyandpreventingyoungpeopleleadingalifeofcrime.2．WhatisthemainideaofPaulMason'sletter?Asaformofpunishment,death_penalty_is_cruel_and_unfair,_whichisagainsthumandignity.Ⅱ.Judgethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．RJButcherthinksthemurderershouldbekilled.(T)2．PaulMasonagreeswithRJButcher'sopinions.(F)3．RJButcherandPaulMasonhaveoppositeviewsaboutthedeathpenalty.(T)4．IntheUSAthedeathpenaltyisnotaslikelyifthevictimisblackandthemurdererwhiteastheotherwayaround.(T)5．IntheUSAinthelast100years,morethantwohundredmenhavebeenwronglysentencedtodeath.(F)TaskTwo：CarefulreadingReadthetextandthenchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．WhatistheonlywayofprotectingsocietyRJButcherthinks?A．Criminalsshouldbelockedupforlife.B．Criminalsshouldbesentencedtodeath.C．Criminalsshouldbeletoutofprison.D．Criminalsshouldbefinedheavily.答案：A2．HowdoesPaulMasonthinkofpunishment?A．Takearevengeoncriminals.B．Killcriminals.C．Helptoreformcriminals.D．Ignorecriminals.答案：C3．WhatoccasionshouldlifesentencesbegivenaccordingtoPaulMason?A．Whenacriminalisletoutofprison.B．Whenacriminalkillsaperson.C．Whenacriminaldoesn'tkeephisword.D．Whenapersonisverydangeroustosocietywhenheorsheisletoutofprison.答案：D4．WhichofthefollowingcanleadtocrimeaccordingtoPaulMason?A．Drunkdriving B．DrugsandpovertyC．Onlinegames D．Beingaddictedtoalcohol答案：BTaskThree：MicrowritingReadthetextcarefullyandfillinthefollowingblanks.June14JustlikePollyFiller,Icondemnthe“soft”sentences__1__(give)tocriminals.Theymustpayfor__2__theyhavedone.Ithinkhardersentencingistheonlywayofprotectingsocietyandpreventingyoungpeople__3__(lead)alifeofcrime.Ibelieveweshouldbringthedeathpenaltyback.Whenapersonhaskilledsomeone,theydon'tdeservetolive.Weneedtothink__4__thewishesoffamiliesandfriendsofmurdervictimswhodemandthatjustice__5__(do)．June20Ican'tagreewithButcher,whosees__6__(punish)asanopportunityforrevenge.Inmyopinion,weneedtohelpandreformthecriminalssoastomakethemintouseful__7__(member)．Onprinciple,Ifeelthedeathpenaltyshould__8__(abolish).Theonlytimethatlifesentencesshouldbegivenis__9__apersonissodangerousthatthecommunityisatriskifheorsheissetfree.Thedeathpenaltyiscrueland__10__(fair)sometimesduetopossiblemistakes.1．given2.what3.leading4.about5．(should)_be_done6.punishment7.members8．be_abolished9.when10.unfair1eq\a\vs4\al(finen.罰款；vt.處某人以罰金)(教材P40)Mybrotherworksasapoliceofficerandhetellsmethatdrugdealersandrobberscanbeoutonthestreetsonlyafewweeksormonthsaftercommittingtheircrimes,orevengetletoffwithfines.我的哥哥是一個(gè)警察，他告知我，毒品販子和搶劫犯僅僅被關(guān)上幾周或者幾個(gè)月，甚至罰了款后就會(huì)得到釋放。eq\x(\a\al(aheavyfine一大筆罰金,finesb.fordoingsth.因做某事罰某人款))[即學(xué)即用](1)Iwouldliketowarnyouinadvancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.我想提前警告你，假如你在這里吸煙，你就會(huì)被罰款。(2)There'saheavyfinefordrivingdrunkaccordingtothenewlaw.依據(jù)新法律，酒后駕駛的罰款很重。(3)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thecompanywas_fined(fine)￡2,000forbreakingsafetyregulations.②Thepolicefinedthemanheavilyforbreakingthespeedlimit.2eq\a\vs4\al(sentencen.判決，宣判；句子vt.判決，宣判)(教材P40)Ithinkweshouldbringbackmuchhardersentencesinthiscountry...我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)在這個(gè)國(guó)家復(fù)原更嚴(yán)厲的判決……(1)serveone'ssentence服刑give/pass/pronouncesentenceon/uponsb.給某人判刑(2)sentencesb.to...判處某人……sentencesb.todeath/lifeimprisonment/threeyearsinprison判某人死刑/終身監(jiān)禁/三年徒刑[即學(xué)即用](1)Hewasreleasedfromprisonafterservinghissentence.他刑滿獲釋。(2)Theteacherexplainedthetextsentence_by_sentence.老師逐句講解了這篇課文。(3)ByvirtueoftheauthorityIhold,Isentence_you_to_prison.憑借我擁有的權(quán)力，我宣判你入獄。(4)ItwasonAugust5ththatthejudgepassed_sentence_on/uponhim.法官是在8月5日宣布了對(duì)他的判決。(5)Hewas_sentenced_tothreeyearsinprisonfortheftwhenyoung.他年輕時(shí)因盜竊被判三年有期徒刑。3eq\a\vs4\al(consequentlyadv.所以，因此)(教材P40)Consequently,intheUSA,thedeathpenaltyisnotaslikelyifthevictimisblackandthemurdererwhiteastheotherwayaround.因此，在美國(guó)假如受害人是黑人，謀殺者是白人，就可能不判死刑，而相反的狀況，就有可能判死刑。(1)consequentadj.必定的，當(dāng)然的(2)consequencen.結(jié)果，后果inconsequence(＝asaconsequence/result)結(jié)果，因此inconsequenceof(＝asaconsequence/resultof)因?yàn)椋挥捎赱即學(xué)即用](1)Therainwasheavy,andconsequentlytheroadwasflooded.雨很大，所以路被沉沒(méi)了。(2)Inconsequenceofyourlazinessandrudeness,I'mforcedtodismissyou.由于你的懶散和粗野，我不得不辭退你。(3)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hehadbeenillforalongtimeandconsequently(consequent)hewasbehindinhiswork.②Manypeoplebelievethatpovertyisadirectconsequence(consequent)ofoverpopulation.③Shewasovertheagelimitand,asaconsequence,herapplicationwasrejected.eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())(教材P40)breakin闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，破門而入；插嘴eq\x(\a\al(breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入；突然起先；順當(dāng)打入,breakawayfrom離開(kāi)；脫離,breakdown打破，毀掉；出毛??；身體垮了；慟哭；分解,breakout突然爆發(fā),breakup拆散，打碎；分裂；崩潰,breakthrough突圍；突破))留意：breakin和breakinto都表示“闖入”，但二者用法不同。前者是不及物的，后不跟賓語(yǔ)，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；后者into是介詞，后面接賓語(yǔ)，可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。[即學(xué)即用](1)Burglarshadbrokeninwhilewewereaway.我們不在家時(shí)，竊賊闖進(jìn)屋里了。(2)Ourcarbroke_downonthefreewayyesterday.昨天，我們的汽車在高速馬路上拋錨了。(3)Thebandbroke_upaftertheperformance.那場(chǎng)演出之后樂(lè)隊(duì)就解散了。(4)Therewasnoonenearbywhomightseehimtryingtobreak_intothehouse.旁邊沒(méi)有人可能會(huì)望見(jiàn)他試圖闖入房子里。2eq\a\vs4\al(letsb.off不懲處某人，放過(guò)某人)(教材P40)Mybrotherworksasapoliceofficerandhetellsmethatdrugdealersandrobberscanbeoutonthestreetsonlyafewweeksormonthsaftercommittingtheircrimes,orevengetletoffwithfines.我的哥哥是一個(gè)警察，他告知我，犯了案的毒品販子和搶劫犯僅僅關(guān)上幾周或者幾個(gè)月，甚至罰了款后就會(huì)得到釋放。eq\x(\a\al(letoff排放，漏出液體、氣體；放，放射槍、炮、焰火等,letsb.down讓某人悲觀,letout發(fā)出；使某人解脫；泄露,letalone更不用說(shuō)))[即學(xué)即用](1)Shewasletoffwithafineinsteadofbeingsenttoprison.她沒(méi)有入獄，而是罰款了事。(2)Terroristslet_offacarbombinacrowdedshoppingcentre.恐怖分子在人群稠密的商業(yè)中心引爆了一顆汽車炸彈。(3)HecannotspeakEnglish,let_aloneFrench.他連英語(yǔ)都不會(huì)說(shuō)，更不用說(shuō)法語(yǔ)了。(4)Whenthelandwasseen,thesailorlet_outawhoopofjoy.當(dāng)看到陸地時(shí)，那名水手發(fā)出一聲歡呼。3eq\a\vs4\al(doawaywith廢除，取消，結(jié)束)(教材P40)Wealsoneedtodoawaywiththesocialproblems,likedrugsandpoverty,thatoftenleadtocrime.我們也須要杜絕如毒品和貧困這樣的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題常常導(dǎo)致犯罪。getawaywith逃脫，懲處comeupwith想出，提出putupwith容忍，忍受[即學(xué)即用](1)Theyallwanttodoawaywithracialdiscrimination.他們都想消退種族卑視。(2)Themanagerhasdecidedtodo_away_withthemeeting.經(jīng)理已經(jīng)確定取消這個(gè)會(huì)議。(3)Ican'tput_up_withthiskindofnoise.我無(wú)法忍受這種噪音。(4)Shecame_up_withanewideaforincreasingsales.她想出了一個(gè)增加銷售的新招。4eq\a\vs4\al(onprinciple原則上，依據(jù)原則)(教材P40)Iamtotallyagainsthardersentencesonprincipleandreallyfeelthedeathpenaltyshouldbeabolished.我原則上堅(jiān)決反對(duì)較重的刑罰并且的確感到死刑應(yīng)當(dāng)被廢除。eq\x(\a\al(againstone'sprinciples違反某人的行為準(zhǔn)則,inprinciple理論上；原則上，大體上，基本上,ontheprincipleof依據(jù)……的原則，以……為原則))[即學(xué)即用](1)Hedealtwithproblemsonprinciple.他依據(jù)原則處理問(wèn)題。(2)Hedoesn'tinvestinthearmsindustryon_principle.他原則上不投資軍火生意。(3)In_principleyouareentitledtoafinancialgrant,butitisdifficulttoclaim.原則上你有資格獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)助，但是很難獲得。(4)Wewilltradeon_the_principle_ofequalityandmutualbenefit.我們將依據(jù)同等互利的原則進(jìn)行貿(mào)易。5take...intoaccount把……考慮在內(nèi)(教材P41)Thewishesofvictims'familyandfriendspossiblyneedtobetakenintoaccount.受害者的家人和摯友的愿望可能須要被考慮進(jìn)去。takeaccountof考慮到……onsb.'saccount為了某人的原因onaccountof由于……onnoaccount決不，無(wú)論如何都不(位于句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝)[即學(xué)即用](1)Weshouldtaketheproposalsofourparentsintoaccount.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮父母的建議。(2)Wemusttake_account_ofthepatient'sage.我們必需考慮到這位患者的年齡。(3)Whenyouareplanningagardenbarbecue,youwillhavetotake_the_weather_into_account.在打算露天燒烤時(shí)，你必需考慮天氣的問(wèn)題。(4)On_no_accountmustemployeesmakepersonaltelephonecallsfromtheoffice.員工絕不允許從辦公室打私人電話。教材P40Whatisevenmoreunbelievableisthefactthatsomemurderersareletoutofprisonafterthreeorfouryears.更令人難以置信的是，一些兇手三四年后就從監(jiān)獄里釋放出來(lái)這一事實(shí)。(1)Whatisevenmoreunbelievable是本句的主語(yǔ)部分，稱為主語(yǔ)從句，what又是這個(gè)從句的主語(yǔ)。(2)that在句中引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明說(shuō)明thefact的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。what還可以引導(dǎo)其他名詞性從句，如賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句等。但是what一般不引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句等。[即學(xué)即用](1)Whatwasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.她告知我，對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的是她的家人。(2)Readingherbiography,IwaslostinadmirationforwhatDorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.讀了多麗絲·萊辛的傳記，我對(duì)她在文學(xué)上獲得的成就敬佩不已。(3)What_really_mattersisthatyoupickbookswhichyouwant.真正重要的是拿起你想要的書。(4)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whatwewanttoseeisanendtoallthearmiesoftheworld.②Thenewsthatweshallgotovisitanexhibitionisnott