七選五2024高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)

2024高考專題復(fù)習(xí)七選五解題攻略近三年高考真題七選五考情分析根據(jù)設(shè)空處在文中段落的位置可分為三類題型：（1）段首句：通常是段落主題句或與后文形成并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系又或是段落間的過渡句；（2）段中句：所挖句子通常為細(xì)節(jié)句或過渡句，一般考查上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，與前后句形成并列、遞進(jìn)、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折等關(guān)系；（3）段尾句：通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句又或者是引出下一段的內(nèi)容；句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命題人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三種挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，來考查考生的邏輯思維能力。題型特點(diǎn)解題思路1.設(shè)空在段首遵循結(jié)構(gòu)一致原則名詞短語或祈使句承上啟下【真題試煉】[2023·全國(guó)甲卷]TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPerson●Practicegratitude(感激)●Makeyourselfwait●__39__Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“40.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable．”You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience[解析]根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，選項(xiàng)中uncomfortable對(duì)應(yīng)后文comfortable。故“接受不舒服”符合語境答案：C·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.38Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub;we'veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·39Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don'tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You'llhitroadblocks,andyou'llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G．You'lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.【真題試煉】[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷][解析]

[結(jié)合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根據(jù)本段中的“Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedbackiscrucial...Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected”可知，本段講到了可以利用社交媒體尋求建設(shè)性的反饋以及這樣做的好處，故D項(xiàng)“Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.(分享你的作品，如果這樣做讓你覺得舒服)”適合作本段的主旨句。]【真題試煉】[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.38.The__food__is__so__delicious__that__you__don't__need__much__of__it__to__make__you__happy.Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.__39__OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!D．Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E．That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.[解析]根據(jù)設(shè)空處所在的位置可知，該空很可能是承上啟下的過渡句。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，設(shè)空處的上一段介紹了法國(guó)人吃得少的一個(gè)原因是他們的食物美味，本段繼續(xù)說法國(guó)人吃得少的另一個(gè)原因，即水果價(jià)格昂貴。因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)起到承上啟下的作用。分析選項(xiàng)可知，E項(xiàng)符合該處語境，且選項(xiàng)中的that指代上文論述過的原因。2、設(shè)空在段中當(dāng)設(shè)空在段中時(shí)，通?？疾榕c前后句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系和上下文的銜接。一篇文章往往是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，各部分之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系。從邏輯意義上來看，句子與句子之間常常有并列、順承、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系，有時(shí)甚至包含多種這樣的關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀材料時(shí)一定要把握文章脈絡(luò)，弄清其中的邏輯關(guān)系。如果文中或選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了邏輯關(guān)系詞，學(xué)生就可以利用邏輯關(guān)系詞來進(jìn)行推斷；如果文中或選項(xiàng)中未出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞，這就需要學(xué)生全面理解文章大意，根據(jù)上下文語境弄清文章內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，做出正確的判斷。2.設(shè)空在段中設(shè)空處在段中的句子，多為過渡性的句子，句間邏輯關(guān)系緊密，有遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、解釋或例證等關(guān)系，并在段落中起承上啟下的作用。主要邏輯關(guān)系有:1.例證關(guān)系設(shè)空處的句子是為了證明前一句內(nèi)容而舉的例子或做的釋義。常見的例證關(guān)系標(biāo)志詞：2.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系若設(shè)空處前后兩句之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則設(shè)空處很有可能表示轉(zhuǎn)折。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有in

otherwords、thatistosay、

forexmple、forinstance、actually、infact、asamatteroffact等。but、however、nevertheless(然而)、instead、while、yet、though、altough、or、otherwise、onthecontrary(與之相反)、incontrast(相反)、incomparison(相比之下)、by

comparison(通過對(duì)比)等。3.因果關(guān)系表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有so、therefore、thus、consequently、asaresult(of)、so/such...that、so(that)等。4.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系若設(shè)空處前后兩句之間是邏輯上的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，則設(shè)空處很有可能是個(gè)表示遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有also、besides、further、futhermore、moreover、what'smore、what'sworse、inadition、aswell、tomakemattersworse、notonly..but(also)等。5.并列關(guān)系表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有and、first(ly)..second(ly)、first(ofall)...then/next...finally/last、tobeginwith、some...others、foronethingforanotherthing等?！菊骖}試煉】[2023·全國(guó)乙卷]Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra，whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens，says，“__38__.Ifindduringthewintermonths，plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity，focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases，suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39.Plants__like__peace__lilies__and__devil's__ivy__are__among__the__best．A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmerF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題和本段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要講述了室內(nèi)種植綠植有許多好處，此處引用別人的話可以總結(jié)全段，引發(fā)下文分別論述種植綠植的好處，形成總分結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：C【真題試煉】[2023·浙江高考1月卷]Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains，youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree，evenifyourtripisanovernightone.__38__Inthesummerinparticular，theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E．Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F．Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G．Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.[解析]從空后句子中的“inparticular”可以看出，這句話是對(duì)空處的進(jìn)一步解釋。選項(xiàng)“車廂中的溫度經(jīng)常很難控制”和空后的句子“尤其是夏天，空調(diào)會(huì)使車廂變得很冷”在邏輯上吻合。答案：C【真題試煉】[2023·全國(guó)甲卷]?MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime，butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.__38__．Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice，themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother，moreannoyingsituations.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry[解析]根據(jù)空前的“theonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice”可知，空處講到的應(yīng)該是如何練習(xí)?？蘸髣t進(jìn)一步列舉生活中可以嘗試的小事，例如“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake”。選項(xiàng)“從小任務(wù)開始”承上啟下，并且能與后文形成例證關(guān)系，故B項(xiàng)符合語境?！菊骖}試煉】[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.__36__Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.D．Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E．That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G．Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.[解析]根據(jù)空后的So可知，

設(shè)空處與空后一句之間構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故“我們的目的是想看看我們能否像真正的巴黎人一樣生活”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。答案：F【真題試煉】[2023·全國(guó)乙卷]Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch，butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.__36__，butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople'swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情)，reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What'smore，indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmer[解析]空后表明室內(nèi)綠植還可以通過改善心情、減輕壓力、增進(jìn)記憶力來提升人們的幸福感，且空后的but與選項(xiàng)中的Notonly在意思上構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。答案：B【真題試煉】[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.__37__Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E．Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice？[解析]選段第一段提到關(guān)于如何找到一個(gè)健身伙伴，第二段提到首先要決定你想要從那個(gè)人那里得到什么。根據(jù)空后一句Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit...？可知，設(shè)空處與空后一句之間是并列關(guān)系，設(shè)空處也應(yīng)是一般疑問句，是對(duì)本段首句的進(jìn)一步解釋。答案：DThethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.4Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大塊)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G．Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.F因果關(guān)系同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)【真題試煉】[2022·新高考ⅠI卷]

PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37

Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.D代詞指代B近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)【真題試煉】[2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]3.設(shè)空在段尾【真題試煉】[2023·全國(guó)乙卷]·Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants，alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants，areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK，especiallyinthewinter.__37__．A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmerE．Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]本空前的句子表否定，認(rèn)為很多植物不適合在英國(guó)戶外種植，尤其是冬天，D項(xiàng)跟前句形成對(duì)比關(guān)系，表達(dá)相反的情況：growinside和warmer，同時(shí)instead表轉(zhuǎn)折，可以承接前句。

TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer：

36.

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【真題試煉】[2023·全國(guó)甲卷][解析]

段落過渡句根據(jù)空前的“There'soneanswer”可知，本空要回答前面的問題“Whatdotrafficjams，longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon？”。同時(shí)，根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題關(guān)鍵詞“Patient”和常識(shí)可知，本句同樣需要引出下文對(duì)如何多些耐心的討論。答案：G【真題試煉】[2023·全國(guó)乙卷]WillSpoelstra，whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens，says，“38.There__are__many__benefits__to__growing__plants__indoors