2024北京延慶區(qū)高二（上）期末英語試題及答案

2024北京延慶高二(上)期末英語2024.01考生須知：1.考生要認真填寫個人信息。2.本試卷共頁，三大部分共100分，考試時間90分鐘。3.試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆作答;非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。4.考試結束后，考生應將答題卡按要求放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分：知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共小題：每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Miloisarescuedogadoptedby20-year-oldMakaylaSwift.OnemorninginNovember2021,SwiftopenedherfrontdoorinSilverSpring,Maryland,Milo____1____running.Miloranthehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,hetotheonenextSwiftonhis____2____.MilostartedscratchingonthefrontSwiftwas____3____,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheirButasshetriedto____4____MiloshecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairsItwasavoiceyelling“Help!”Hoursaround4a.m.,Sherry85,hadrisenfromherbed.Allofasudden,standingtherebetweenthetoiletandthetub,sheslippedandfellheavilyontheShe____5____betweenthetoiletthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.Starrwas____6____andthoughtshewasjustgoingtodiethere.Forthenextfewhours,Starrpracticedyelling:“Help!Help!Hellllp!”Hervoicewasvery____7____thatnoonecouldMilo____8____heardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontSwiftcalledtheemergencynumberWhentheambulanceworkersarrived,theythoughtthey’dhaveremovethetoiletto____9____butinstead,theygaveonelastpullandoutshepopped.ThoughshewasblackandblueallStarr_____10_____atriptohospital.Swifthasknownherownshareofdistress.yearsago,hermotherdied.saysthatMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.“Thatdogisablessing,”shesays.1.A.moveddown2.A.tailB.tookB.headC.reachedoutC.bodyD.pulledupD.feet3.A.disappointed4.A.giveB.confusedB.sweepB.stuckC.embarrassedC.knockD.astonishedD.drag5.A.sunkC.liftedD.settled第1頁/共18頁6.A.surprised7.A.weakB.boredB.sharpB.hardlyB.dropC.puzzledC.roughC.slightlyC.freeD.scaredD.loud8.A.apparently9.A.trapD.temporarilyD.lay10.A.avoidedB.failedC.declinedD.continued第二節(jié)語法填空(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AtmyfirstclassintheForksHighSchool,Englishteachersentmetoanemptydeskatthebackwithout(introduce)metotheclass.Itwasharderformynewclassmates____12____(stare)atmetheback,buttheymanaged.Ikeptmyeyesdownonthereadinglisttheteacher___13___(give)me.Itwasfairlybasic:Bronte,Shakespeare,alreadyreadeverything.Thatwascomfortingandboring.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。teethbepartofyoursmile,____14____theyhaveamoreimportantjob—theyarethefirststepintheprocessofdigestion.havethree____15____(kind)ofteeth.Intheveryfrontofyourmouthareeightflat,thinteethcalledincisors.Theyareusedforcuttingandbitingfood.Nextthesearepointedteethcalledcanines,____16____alsohelpyoutearfood.remainingteetharemolars.Theseteethhaveflattopsforcrushingandgrindingthefood.CTheBeijingSkiResortislocated___17___District,anationaldemonstrationareaforecologicalconstruction.LongqingitseastandGuantingReservoirtoitswest,ithasfreshairandan___18___(impress)environment.________19________(build)1999,itwasthefirstresorttobebuiltnearBeijing.In2016,amassiverenovationproject____20____(start)bytheBeijingBadalingGeneralandtheoriginalBeijingShijinglongSkiResort.第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AabroadwiththeUNAreyoureadytobecomeaninternationalcancontributeyourtime,skillsandknowledgethroughvolunteeringwiththeUN.Thisisanopportunitytocreateapositiveimpactandbeasignificantforceforachievingpeaceanddevelopment.Makeadifferencetothelivesofmany!WhyvolunteerwiththeUN第2頁/共18頁?InternationalUNpromotepeaceanddevelopmentcommunitiesaroundtheglobe,whileupholdingtheidealsandambitionsoftheUnitedNations.?InternationalUNcomefrom160countries,representingmanyculturesandbackgrounds.Theybringawidevarietyofviewpointsandapproaches.?internationalUNassignmentwillmakealastingimpact.Itcancreatearipplethatextendsfarbeyondtheimmediateresultsofyour?AsaninternationalUNyouwilllearnaboutdifferentcultures,expandyournetworks,studyforeignlanguagesandgainmatchlessprofessionalandlifeexperiences.Requirements?TheminimumrequirementstoserveasinternationalUNare:25yearsoldandolder(noupperagelimit);universitydegreeorhighertechnicaldiploma;?Atleasttwoyearsofrelevantworkexperienceaprofessionalbackground;goodworkingknowledgeofEnglish,SpanishorFrench;?Commitmenttothevaluesandprinciplesofvolunteerism;abilitytoworkinamulticulturalenvironment;willingnessworkwithpeopleandlocalorganizations;?Abilitytoadjustlivingconditionsandsometimesremotelocations;stronginterpersonalandorganizationalskills.ConditionsofService?InternationalUNassignmentsgenerallyrunforsixto12months,withthepossibilityofextendingforonetwoyears.?Short-termassignmentsarealsorequestedbyourpartnersfromtimetotime.InternationalUNareentitledtocertainallowances.?Allowancesarenowaytobeunderstoodasacompensation,rewardorsalaryexchangeforthevolunteerwork.?Thepurposeofallowancesforvolunteersistoenablethemtosustainasecurestandardoflivingtheirdutystations.21.AsinternationalUNyoucan________.A.promotepeaceanddevelopmentofUNC.obtainprofessionalexperiencesB.UNimmediatelyD.teachforeignlanguages22.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsarerequiredto________.A.beatmost25yearsoldB.haveinternationalworkexperienceD.adapttolivingenvironmentC.holdauniversitydegreetechnology23.Whatcanhelpvolunteerstomaintainasecurestandardofliving?A.Assignments.B.Allowances.C.Commitment.D.Knowledge.BTheBookItwasJennifermotherwhogotherhookedonbooks.Alibrarian,shereadtoherthreechildrenevery“Notuntilwewenttokindergarten,”told,alocalnewssite.“Untilwewent第3頁/共18頁college.”Whennow54,becameanelementaryschoolteacherandtutorinDanville,shewantedstudentstofalllovewithreadingjustasshehad.Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlimitedaccesstobooks.veryobvioustoteachersofyoungchildrenwhichkidsarereadtoversuskidswhoarenot,”shesaid.obvioustheendofthefirstdayofschool.”thesolutionwassimple:Givekidsbooks.In2017,aspartofaciviceventcalledEngageDanville,shegaveaway900usedbooksoverthreedays.Mostpeoplewouldbesatisfiedwiththat.“Iwaslike,‘Anybodycoulddothat,’”said.“Iwanteddosomethinggoingstretchmyfaith,workethic,everything.”Sosheanewgoalforherself:Giveawayonemillionbooks.ItsoundslikeanunreachablebutaspostedonFacebook:complaininthebleachersifyouwillingtohardoutonthefield.”Soshegottowork,firstbyropinginfriendstodonatebooksormoneybuybooks.Beforelong,asnewsofprojectspread,strangersstartedleavingpilesofbooksonherfrontporch.Asquicklyasthebookscomein,givesthemtolocalschools—freeof—andalsosuppliesbookstolittlefreelibrariesaroundthecityof41,000justovertheNorthCarolinaalsohostsabookclubprisonersinthelocalprison.Inthefouryearsshe'sbeendoingallthis,theBookashascometoknown,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000morereachhergoal!Andnotslowingdown.tooimportantforkidswithoptions.“Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.cantraveltimeandspace.Ifyoucanyoucanlearnalmostanything.”24.Whatmadeinterestedreading?A.HerB.Herinfluence.D.Ateacher'simpact.C.Aencouragement.25.Whydidoriginallycontributesomanybooks?A.satisfymostpeople.B.celebratethecivicevent.C.helpstudentslovereading.D.stretchherfaithandworkethic.26.Howdidcollectbooksforhergoal?A.Byaskingherfriendstobuybooks.C.gettingdonationfromfreelibraries.B.attainingbooksfromtheprison.D.Byreceivingdonatedbooksfromstrangers.第4頁/共18頁27.Accordingtothepassage,whatwordscanbestdescribeA.helpfulandambitious.B.respectableandinnocent.D.determinedandhumorous.C.hardworkingandadventurous.CAgroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoredeyeslookingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey’renotdifferent.AnewledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectiveshowsthatthevulturineguineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsassumedsuchsocialstructuresrequiredalotofthepea-brainedguineafowlarerevealingthefaultsthatassumption.Thesebirdswanderacrossthelandscapepacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfighteachothermaintaintheirstricthierarchies(等級制度),butatothertimestheyengagefriendlybehaviourslikesharingfood.Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,FarineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirForawholetheymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsuniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicesthebacksof58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaThefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatthevulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevelTherearegroupswithingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.Thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyabird.AndFarineemphasizesthisparticulartinybrainsize:“Theyonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativetomammals(哺乳動物),theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,”hesaid.Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasierkeeptrackofthesocialForexample,groupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgrouplookingat—needforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey’refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,itmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.“Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingabrain,”Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.28.Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredFarinetocarryoutthestudy?A.ThesocialB.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.C.HisinterestinanimalD.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.第5頁/共18頁29.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetotheguineafowl.B.guineafowlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.C.Birdsmaintainsocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.D.Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.presentthefindingsofastudyoftheguineafowl.B.explaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.C.introduceanewapproachtoobservingtheguineafowl.D.uncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformed.DheardforyearsthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheBut,itactuallymightbeevenmoreimportantthanpreviouslythought,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournaloftheAcademyofNutritionandDietetics,whichexaminedtheeffectsofskippingmealsandmealfrequencyasrelatedmortality(死亡率)andhearthealth.ThewhichwaspublishedinAugustoflastsoughttofindoutifeatingbehaviorslikemealskipping,andtimebetweenmealswereassociatedwithall-causeandcardiovasculardisease(CVD)Thestudyconsistedofadults40yearsorolderparticipatedfrom1999to2014.Researcherslookedvariouseatingbehaviorsofparticipantswhoself-reportedtheireatinghabitsevery24hours.CausesofdeathweretrackedviadeathrecordsthroughDecember31,2015.Afterexaminingparticipantsthroughouttheyears,researchersfoundthatcertaineatingbehaviorswereinfactlinkedhigherratesofprematuredeath.Eatingonlyonemealperdaywasassociatedwithincreasedriskofall-causeandCVDmortalitywhileskippingbreakfastwaslinkedincreasedriskofCVDandskippinglunchordinnerwaslinkedtoanincreasedriskofall-causethestudyfoundthathavingmealstoocloselytogether(lessthanfourandhalfhoursapart)alsolinkedall-causeprematuredeath.So,whatdoesthismeanfortheaverageperson?“Attheendofthedaywhatmattersthatindividualcanmeettheirnutritionalneedsforoptimal(最佳)health,”explainsKeriGans,authorofTheSmallChangeDiet,“andbreakfasttypicallyisagoodvehiclefornutrientsassociatedwithadecreaseincardiovascularrisk,suchasfiberandvitamins”.“Ifbyeliminatingmealstheyaremissingoutonimportantnutrientstheirbodyneeds,thenlongtermthatcanbeharmfultotheirhealth,”leadstoa“higherriskforcertaincancersandheartdisease,”shesays.Whilethisstudywasandcomprehensiveinmanyways,therearealsomanylimitations.Itwasmostlybasedonaself-reporteddietaryrecall,“whichmaynotalwaysbethebestmethoddietaryassessment,”explainsGans.“Theparticipantsmaynotaccuratelyrecallwhattheyorhonestlyreportitleadingtothepotentialofmisinformation.”Researchersnotedthatitimpossibletoconsidertheroleofsleepintherelationshipbetweenfoodandaswellasahostofotherunmeasuredfactors.Thebottomlineisthatwhilethesefindingsabouttherelationshipsbetweenmealskippingandmortalityareimportant,therearealotmorefactorsthatgointoprematuredeath.31.WhataremainlydiscussedinParagraphs3and4?第6頁/共18頁A.ResearchprocessandfindingsC.ResearchsubjectsandpurposeB.causeandfindingsD.Thetopicandsignificance32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Reducing.B.Overeating.C.Skipping.D.Consuming.33.Whatcaninferfromthestudy?A.ItslimitationsfullytakenintoaccountintheB.Consumingadequatenutrientsisthemaintainoverallhealth.C.riskofall-causeprematuredeathisunrelatedtoskippingD.Researcherslearnedabouteatingbehaviorsbyobservingparticipants.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast?A.Favorable.B.Unconcerned.C.Skeptical.D.Disapproving.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhyBoundariesatEssentialWhatisayouask?Aboundaryisalimitdefiningyouinrelationsomeoneorsomething.____35____youhaveinformedsomeonethatthisisyourspace,yourdesk,oryouryouhaveattemptedtophysicalboundaries.Lettingco-workersknowyouarenotcomfortableshakingtheirhandsorhuggingthemataholidayespeciallywithCovidatthistime,isanotherexampleofsettingaphysicalItisofteneasiertounderstandaphysicalEmotionalormentalboundariesbesubtler(更微妙的).____36____Emotionalboundariesarerelatedtoourfeelingsandhowsomethingorbehaviorus.example,ifabosstreatsyoudisrespectfullyyellingatyouoracolleaguefrequentlyinterruptsyouinmeetings,youarelikelytofeelhurt,embarrassed,andperhapsbyhavingacourageousconversationwithbothyourbossandco-workerabouttheirtheimpactithasonyou,andyourexpectationsregardingfutureyouaresettinghealthyemotionalboundariesforyourselfatwork.Sometimeswesetaboundarythatisacombinationofbothaphysicalandemotionalone.____37____Oneexampleofthisisbeingrepeatedlyaskedworklateduringtheweek/weekendsorwhileonvacation.AnotherexampleisbeingrequiredtoseetoomanyclientsorpatientstothepointwefeeltiredattheendofthedayandexhaustedbyOften,theaboveworkplacedemandsleadtoincreasedstressandahighpotentialforburnout(倦怠)overtime.Mentalboundariesarerelatedtoourbeliefs,values,culturalnorms,ethics(道德),andstandards.example,youvalueaworkplaceculturethattreatsemployeesandclientswithrespectdignityandactsAftersixmonths,yourealizethatcompanyleadersarerepeatedlybehavinginwaysnotconsistentwiththis.____38____Overtime,thismayleadsignificantstressandphysicalsymptomswithin.____39____Boundariesservemanyfunctions.Theyhelpprotectus,clarifyourpreserveourphysicalandemotionalandliveourvaluesandstandards.Learningtheskillofboundarysettinghelpsempowerusprioritizeourvaluesandwell-beingandbettermanageourstress.Identifying,setting,andmaintainingboundariesareskills—valuableskillsthat,areoftennottaughtschoolorthe第7頁/共18頁workplace.A.Whyareboundariesimportant?B.theyareifnotmore,important.C.Therefore,weneedtotellthedifferencebetweenthem.D.Settingaboundarytheaboveexamplemaybequitehelpful.E.Boundariescanbephysical,mental,emotional,tangible,orintangible.valuesandethicalstandardsmatchwithyourwhichlikelywillleadinternalconflict.G.Suchboundariesofteninvolvebeingaskedtomorethanwefeelcapableofanextendedperiodoftime.三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第、41題各2分，第題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Doyoueverwonderthebakershelpbutsmileastheycooktastytreatsinyourkitchen?Frompre-heatingoven,mixingthedryandingredients,andupuntilthesatisfying“ding”isheard,thebakercanfeeltheatmospherelightenupandthemoodlifted.Bakingcanbeaformoftreatmentandempowerment.firstglance,graspinghowbakingmakesyoucalmdownandactsasasourceofjoycanseemabitfar-fetched.Butbakerscanseeandfeelmorewhilethey’rebaking.Itsprocessisbothascienceandart.Astheybake,theybecomemorefocusedandhopefulthatthethey’vepouredpaidThisisthereasonfortheirsmiles.Thebeautyandsatisfactionofbakingcanbefurtherrevealedwhenitisdone.Muchlikeanyhobbyoracreativeoutlet,bakingallowspeopletoexpresstheiremotionsandIneverypartoftheworld,cookingforsomeoneisconsideredasathoughtfulgesture–whetheryou’rewelcomingsomeoneinahome,showingakindgesture,orexpressingyourgratitude.desiretoshareyourfoodwithothersisanexcellentwaytobuildaconnection,showingselflessnessandlove.Itevenbecomesmoreheartfeltifyou’reservingthewholeNothingbeatsthehappinessofseeingyourlovedonesenjoythebakedtreatsyou’veworkedhardprepare.40.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesthebakerfeelwhenthebakingisdone?41.Whatisthereasonforbakers’smiles?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainBakinghelpspeopleemotionsandwhileservingthewholefamilyistheopposite.43.Whataresomeotherwayshelpbuildconnectionswithfamilymembers?(Inabout40第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。在你的英籍好友Jim的指導和幫助下，你校的英文短劇獲得了區(qū)英語戲劇大賽(theEnglishDramaCompetitionofOurDistrict)一等獎。請你給Jim寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.告知獲獎情況；2.表達獲獎心情；3.表達對他付出的感謝。注意：1.1002.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。第8頁/共18頁DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第9頁/共18頁參考答案第一部分：知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共小題：每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.B6.D7.A8.A9.C10.C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只救援犬聽到對面鄰居微弱的呼救聲，從而使摔倒在廁所里的85歲鄰居得救的故事?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：2021年月的一個早上，斯威夫特打開了她在馬里蘭州銀泉的前門，米洛開始跑起來。A.moveddown后退；B.took匆忙離去；C.reachedout伸出；D.pulledup拉起。根據(jù)下文“Miloranthehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soherantheonenextdoor”可知，小狗米洛開始跑起來。故選。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他似乎對這所房子不滿意，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特緊跟其后。A.tail尾巴；B.head頭；C.body身體；D.feet腳。根據(jù)下文“Butasshetriedto____4____Miloshecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairs”可知，主人斯威夫特緊緊跟著自己的小狗。固定搭配ontail“緊緊跟隨某人”。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：斯威夫特很尷尬，因為不是每個人都想讓一只陌生的狗出現(xiàn)在他們的房子里。A.disappointed失望的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.astonished驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheir”及常識可知，斯威夫特感到很尷尬。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當她試圖把米洛拖走的時候，她聽到樓上一扇敞開的窗戶里傳來了聲音。A.give給；sweepC.knockD.drag拖。根據(jù)上文“Swiftwas____3____,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheir”可知，斯威夫特試圖把小狗拖走。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她被卡在馬桶和浴缸之間，根本動不了。A.sunk沉沒；B.stuck卡住；C.lifted舉起；D.settled定居。根據(jù)下文“couldnotmoveall.”可知，這位老人被卡在馬桶和浴缸之間。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：斯塔爾很害怕，以為自己會死在那里。A.surprised驚訝的；B.bored無聊的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.scared害怕的。根據(jù)下文“thoughtshewasjustgoingdiethere.”可知，這位老人很害怕。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的聲音很微弱，沒有人能聽到。A.weak虛弱的；B.sharp鋒利的；C.第10頁/18頁rough粗略的；D.loud大聲的。根據(jù)下文“thatnoonecould”可知，老人的聲音非常的虛弱。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，當斯威夫特打開自己的前門時，米洛顯然聽到了斯塔爾的聲音。A.apparently顯然；B.hardly幾乎沒有；C.slightly輕微地；D.temporarily暫時。根據(jù)上文“Milostartedscratchingonthefront”及下文“themomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor”可知，顯然小狗聽到了老人虛弱的呼救聲。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當救護車工作人員到達時，他們認為他們必須拆除廁所來救斯塔爾，但相反，他們給了斯塔爾最后一拉，她就出來了。A.trap抓捕；B.drop下降；C.free使解脫出來；D.lay躺。根據(jù)上文“Shewas____5____betweenthetoiletthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.”可知，此處指把老人從馬桶和浴缸之間解脫出來。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她全身青一塊紫一塊，斯塔爾還是拒絕去醫(yī)院。A.avoided避免；B.failed失??；C.declined拒絕；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Thoughwasblackandblueallover”可知，雖然受傷了，但是老人拒絕去醫(yī)院。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】introducing12.tostare13.hadgiven【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作者在福克斯高中上第一堂課的情景?！绢}詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在福克斯高中的第一堂課，我的英語老師班納先生讓我坐到后面的一張空桌子上，沒有向班上同學介紹我。此處用作介詞without的賓語，應使用動名詞形式，故填introducing?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：坐在后面，增大了我的這班新同學盯著我看的難度，但是無論如何他們還是做到了。這里用了itis+adj+forsbtodo的句式，it為形式主語，空格處要用不定式充當真正的主語，故填tostare。【13題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：我目不轉睛地看著老師給我的閱讀清單?？崭裉幩o動詞give充當定語從句的謂語動詞，這個動作發(fā)生在kept之前，此處應使用過去完成時。故填hadgiven?！敬鸢浮?4.but15.kinds16.which【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了牙齒的三個種類和功能。【14題詳解】考查連詞。句意：你的牙齒可能是你笑容的一部分，但是他們有一個更重要的工作：它們是消化過程的第一步。空格處前后為兩個完整的句子，所以要填一個連詞連接這兩個句子，根據(jù)句意，前后為轉折關系，故填but?！?5題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：你有三種牙齒。kind在這里表“種類”，是可數(shù)名詞，由three修飾，所以要用復數(shù)形式。故填kinds?！?6題詳解】考查非限定性定語從句。句意：這些牙齒旁邊是犬齒，也可以幫助你撕裂食物。分析句子可知，空格處所在的句子為非限定性定語從句，先行詞為canines，指物，從句缺少主語，應使用關系代詞which，故填which?！敬鸢浮?7.18.impressive19.Built20.wasstarted【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了北京萬科—石景龍滑雪場?！?7題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：北京萬科—石景龍滑雪場位于國家生態(tài)建設示范區(qū)延慶區(qū)。belocated為固定搭配，意為“位于….”，故填in?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：東臨龍清峽，西至官廳水庫，這里空氣清新，環(huán)境令人印象深刻。修飾名詞environment應該用形容詞，故填impressive?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：建于1999年，它是北京附近第一個大型滑雪場。分析句子可知本句的謂語是was，built在做中為非謂語，與其邏輯主語it之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，所以要用其過去分詞表被動。故填Built?！?0題詳解】考查語態(tài)和時態(tài)。句意：2016年，萬科，北京八達嶺旅游總公司和原北京石景龍滑雪場啟動了一個大規(guī)模的翻新工程。start在句中做謂語。根據(jù)時間2016，要用一般過去時態(tài)。主語amassiverenovationproject和start之間是被動關系，要用被動語態(tài)。主語amassiverenovationproject是單數(shù)，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)。故填wasstarted。【點睛】在語法填空題中，如果所給的詞為動詞，要首先考慮動詞是否是句子的謂語動詞，如果是，那么請考慮謂語動詞的適當形式(注意四類助動詞do類、havewill類和類)分別構成不同的時態(tài)語態(tài)情態(tài)語氣和主謂一致。如果不能做謂語動詞，再考慮非謂語動詞三種形式：tododoing和done。如果不是非謂語也不是謂語，那么就要考慮變形了，一般的變形動詞向名詞變形居多。第3小題中，句子的謂語是was，built在做中為非謂語。build與其邏輯主語it之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，所以要用其過去分詞表被動。故填Built。第4小題中，分析可知start就做謂語，要考慮時態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間2016，要用一般過去時。主語amassiverenovationproject和start之間是被動關系，要用被動語態(tài)。主語amassiverenovationproject是單數(shù)，謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)。最終得到答案wasstarted。第12頁/18頁第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.DB【導讀】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了聯(lián)合國2021年志愿者項目的具體內(nèi)容及要求?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyvolunteerwiththeUN部分的“?Asaninternationalyouwilllearnaboutcultures,expandyournetworks,studyforeignlanguagesandgainmatchlessprofessionalandlifeexperiences.(?作為一名國際聯(lián)合國志愿者，你將了解不同的文化，擴大人脈，學習外語，獲得無與倫比的職業(yè)和生活經(jīng)驗。)”可知，作為一名國際聯(lián)合國志愿者，你可以獲得職業(yè)經(jīng)驗。故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分的“?Abilitytoadjustinlivingconditionsandsometimesremotelocations;stronginterpersonalandorganizationalskills.(能夠適應困難的生活條件，有時是偏遠的地方；較強的人際關系和組織能力。)”可知，申請者被要求適應困難的生活條件。故選D。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ConditionsofService部分的“?Thepurposeofallowancesforvolunteersistoenablethemtosustainasecurestandardoflivingintheirdutystations.(?向志愿人員提供津貼的目的是使他們能夠在工作地點維持有保障的生活水平。)”可知，津貼可以有助于志愿者維持生活保障。故選B?！敬鸢浮?4.B25.C26.A27.A【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了Jennifer志愿捐書的愛心故事。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“ItwasJennifermotherwhogotherhookedonbooks.（是詹妮弗·?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中“shewantedherstudentstofallinlovewithreadingjustasshehad.望她的學生像她一樣愛上閱讀）”可知，為了幫助孩子們熱愛閱讀，她開始捐書。故選C?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句“Soshegottowork,firstbyropinginfriendstodonatebooksormoneybuybooks.籍。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“thesolutionwassimple:Givekidsbooks.（對威廉姆斯來說，Soshesetanewgoalforherself:Giveawayonemillionbooks.有野心的。故選A?！敬鸢浮?8.A29.D30.A第13頁/18頁【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了鳥類學家DamienFarine團隊在非洲東部的一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：小腦動物也有多層次的社會結構。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheir由于懷疑珍珠雞可能有社會結構，法林博士和他的同事們開始對它們的社會進行深入研究)”可知，根據(jù)這篇文章，珍珠雞的社交行為激發(fā)了法林博士進行這項研究。故選A項?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Havingamultilevelstructurenotrequirehavingabrain,”Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.(法林博士說：“擁有多級結構可能不需要有一個大的大腦?！笨赡軙懈嗟镍B類和其他動物，盡管它們的大腦很小，但它們的社會與我們的社會一樣平等。)”可推知，即使大腦很小的物種，也可能擁有多層次的社會結構。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“AnewledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectiveshowsthatthevulturineguineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.(研究集體行為的鳥類學家達米安·法林(DamienFarine)領導的一項新研究表明，非洲東部的禿鷲珍珠雞和人類一樣，也有多層次的社會。)”可知，本文主要介紹了一項關于珍珠雞的研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選A項?！敬鸢浮?1.A32.C33.B34.D【導語】本文是說明文。文章講述我們一直聽說早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。根據(jù)發(fā)表在《營養(yǎng)與飲食學會雜志》上的一項研究，它實際上可能比之前想象的更重要?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Thestudyconsistedofadults40yearsorolderwhoparticipatedfrom1999to2014.Researcherslookedatvariouseatingbehaviorsofparticipantswhoself-reportedtheireatinghabitseveryhours.CausesofdeathweretrackedviadeathrecordsthroughDecember31,2015.(這項研究包括名40歲以上的成年人，他們在1999年至2014年期間參與了這項研究。研究人員觀察了參與者的各種飲食行為，這些參與者每24小時自我報告一次他們的飲食習慣。通過截至2015年月31日的死亡記錄追蹤死亡原因)”可知，本段講述研究過程，和第四段內(nèi)容“Afterexaminingparticipantsthroughouttheyears,researchersfoundthatcertaineatingbehaviorswereinfactlinkedhigherratesofprematuredeath.Eatingonlyonemealperdaywasassociatedwithanincreasedriskofall-causeandCVDmortalitywhileskippingbreakfastwaslinkedanincreasedriskofCVDandskippinglunchordinnerwaslinkedincreasedriskofall-causestudyfoundthathavingmealstoocloselytogether(lessthanfourandhalfhoursapart)wasalsolinkedtoall-causeprematuredeath.(在對參與者進行了多年的研究后，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，某些飲食行為實際上與更高的過早死亡率有關。每天只吃一頓飯與全因和心血管疾病死亡風險增加有關，而不吃早餐與心血管疾病死亡風險增加有關，不吃午餐或晚餐與全因死亡風險增加有關。最后，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，進餐時間過近(間隔不到四個半小時)也與全因過早死亡有關)”可知，本段講述研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此可知，三、四兩第14頁/18頁段講述研究過程和發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前文“breakfasttypicallyisagoodvehiclefornutrientsassociatedwithadecreaseincardiovascularrisk,suchasfiberandvitamins(早餐通常是降低心血管疾病風險的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的良好載體，比如纖維和維生素)”和下文“theyaremissingoutonimportantnutrientstheirbodyneeds,thenlongtermthatcanbeharmfultotheirhealth,”leadsa“higherriskforcertaincancersheartdisease(他們失去了身體所需的重要營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，長此以往會對健康有害，“導致”患某些癌癥和心臟病的風險更高)”可推斷，早餐提供纖維和維生素，降低患心血管疾病的風險，下文說到錯過了身體所需的重要物質(zhì)，會導致患癌癥和心臟病的奉獻增高，因此推斷劃線部分表示：如果不吃早餐，劃線詞與C項“不做（應做的事等）”意思相近。故選C?！?3題詳解