小學(xué)畢業(yè)英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)短文填空課件

專(zhuān)項(xiàng)提升短文填空

知識(shí)梳理 英語(yǔ)短文填空答題技巧 短文填空是要求學(xué)生在正確理解和把握文章意思的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)分析行文線(xiàn)索來(lái)填寫(xiě)空缺單詞的一種考查形式。它是考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)思維能力的一種有效方法。下面是一些英語(yǔ)短文填空的答題技巧。

1.從全局把握文章大意

要填的單詞需要在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中才能確定，只有把握全局才能有主導(dǎo)方向，才能有助于正確理解空缺詞所在的句子，從而縮小詞意的選擇范圍。 2.從語(yǔ)法上加以把握 一般的空缺詞都可以通過(guò)其所在的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句法構(gòu)成來(lái)判斷其詞性，這樣可以縮小詞的選擇范圍。

3.從行文上確定詞的形式 確定一個(gè)單詞的詞性后，可通過(guò)其上下文來(lái)幫助判斷其形式，如動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式、過(guò)去式、現(xiàn)在分詞、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、代詞的各種形式、形容詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)等。 4.要注意文中提供的細(xì)節(jié)與暗示 要通過(guò)文章內(nèi)容和所掌握的知識(shí)，運(yùn)用推理、分析、判斷來(lái)進(jìn)行辨析。

5.還需要注意的事項(xiàng) （1）短文填空題型中的短文通常沒(méi)有標(biāo)題，要特別注重對(duì)首、尾句的理解，因?yàn)樗鼈兺崾净螯c(diǎn)明文章的主題，對(duì)理解全文有較大幫助。 （2）第一遍通讀帶有空缺單詞的短文時(shí)可能會(huì)一時(shí)把握不住短文內(nèi)容，弄不清頭緒，這是很正常的。此時(shí)要注意克服畏難情緒和急躁心理，應(yīng)穩(wěn)定情緒，再將短文讀一、二遍，直到明確大意為止。

（3）做題時(shí)切勿一看到一個(gè)空格就急著寫(xiě)出一個(gè)答案，這樣往往只見(jiàn)樹(shù)木不見(jiàn)樹(shù)林。由于缺乏全局觀(guān)念，極易導(dǎo)致連續(xù)選錯(cuò)。因?yàn)槎涛奶羁詹煌趩蝹€(gè)句子的填詞填空，其空白處是位于一篇文章之中，因此必須縱觀(guān)全文，通篇考慮。

（4）動(dòng)筆時(shí)先易后難，先完成容易、有把握的答案，這樣可以增強(qiáng)自信心，然后再集中精力解決難點(diǎn)。對(duì)于實(shí)在無(wú)法確定的，可以從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找提示，大膽地猜測(cè)?？键c(diǎn)精析【例】Read,chooseandfill.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文選詞填空，使短文通順、完整?？疾閷W(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力及閱讀理解文章的能力考點(diǎn)saw,was,showed,on，number,dinner,hungry,with,happy,hers

LastFridayafternoon,Iwentshopping1.__________mymum.Wewerevery2.____________________aftershopping,somymumtookmetoarestaurantfor3.__________.Justbeforewelefttherestaurant,I4.__________ahandbagonthefloorundermychair.I5.__________ittomymum.Shesaid,“Youshouldgiveittothewaiterintherestaurant.”SoIgavehimthehandbag.Heaskedformyaddress（地址）andtelephone6.__________. Aweeklater,thephonerang.Mymumcalledtome,“Daisy,thereisawoman7.__________thephoneforyou.HernameisMrsLee.”I8.__________surprised（驚訝的）becauseIknewnobodycalledMrsLee.Ispoketothewoman.Thehandbagwas9.__________.Shewasvery10.__________tohaveherhandbagbackandaskedformyname.Twodayslater,Igotathank-youletterfromMrsLee.解析:本題考查詞匯在語(yǔ)篇上下文中的運(yùn)用,上下文中會(huì)出現(xiàn)對(duì)所填詞的解釋說(shuō)明或是出現(xiàn)的原因。因此，做這類(lèi)題應(yīng)該掌握的方法是先通讀一遍文段，了解文段的大意后再根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理和歸納，從而選出最適合的詞。答案：1.with2.hungry3.dinner4.saw5.showed6.number7.on8.was9.hers10.happy過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)Read,chooseandfill.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文選詞填空，使短文通順、完整。（一） TherearemanysportsstarsintheworldsuchasYaoMing.Heisa1.___________star.DavidBeckhamhair,skiing,football,basketball,study,favourite,dream,Chinese,thin,hard-workingbasketball(大衛(wèi)·貝克漢姆)andDiegoArmandoMaradona（迭戈·阿曼多·馬拉多納)are2.____________stars.Doyouknowwhoismy3.____________sportsstar?MyfavouritesportsstarisEileenGu.Her4.___________nameisGuAiling.SheisaChinesewomen'sfreestyleskier.Shewonthegoldmedalin2022inBeijingWinterOlympics.ShehaslongbrownfootballfavouriteChinese5.____________.Sheistalland6.____________.GuAilinglikes7.____________verymuch.Sheis8.____________.Iwanttobelikeher,9.____________hard,exercisemoreandworkhardtorealize(實(shí)現(xiàn))my10.____________!hairthinskiinghard-workingstudydream(二)

Tomisan1.____________boy.He'stwelve2.____________old.He'stwoyears3.____________thanhisbrother,Jim.Tomis150cmandJimis160cm.Jimis50kilogramsandTomis60kilograms.Tomtogether,watching,much,does,older,English,years,exercise,gets,walkEnglishyearsolderwantstoloseweight,sohetriesnottoeattoo4.____________food.Healso5.____________moreexercisethanbefore.Everymorning,he6.__________upearlierthanJimandhegoesjogging(慢跑)forthirtyminutes.Heusuallygoesskatingafterschool.Afterdinner,Tomoftengoesfora7.__________,andJimlikes8.__________TVatmuchdoesgetswalkwatchinghome.NowTomismuchstrongerthanJim.Jimthinksheneedsmore9.__________now.HeandTomwilldoexercise10.____________.exercisetogether（三）

Lastholiday,I1._________toabeautifulvillagewithmyparentsbecausemy2._____________livedthere.Thereweremanytreesand3._____________.drank，them，fresh，flowers，went，fishing，stars，grandparents，clean，childrenwentgrandparentsflowersTherewerealotofanimalsandvegetables,too.Theairwasvery4.__________.Thelakewasso5._________.Iwent6.____________withmyfathereverymorning.We7._______fishsoupforlunch.Thatwasdelicious.Thereweresome8.____________.Theywerefriendly.Iplayedgameswithfreshcleanfishingdrankchildren9.____________everyafternoon.Wewatchedthemoonandthe10.____________togetherintheevening.Ilikethatvillage.Iwanttogothereagain.themstars（四）clean,Sunday,lunch,parents,visit,school,by,early,with,home

Tomorrowis1.____________.LiMingisn'tgoingto2.____________.Heisgoingtogetup3.____________.Inthemorning,heisgoingto4.____________thesciencemuseum.He'sgoingthereSundayschoolearlyvisit5.__________subway.He'sgoingtohave6.____________atMcDonald's. Intheafternoon,heisgoingtoplayfootball7.____________hisfriends.Atabout3：30,heisgoing8.____________todohishomework.Thenheisgoingto9.____________hisbedroom.He'sgoingtocookthemealforhis10.____________intheevening.bylunchwithhomecleanparents（五） MynameisBen.Iliveinthetowncentrewithmyparentsandmybrother,Peter.Peter's1._______thanme.He'sfiveandI'mtwelve.LastSaturday,Dad2.__________ustoourgrandma'sfarminhistook,younger,going,baby,do,funny,rode,holiday,Star,liveyoungertookcar.GrandmaandGrandpa3.____________onafarmnearthesea.Welike4.____________there.There'salwayssomethingexcitingto5.____________ontheirfarm.OnSunday,wewenttoseethehorses.Grandmashowedustwonew6.____________horses.Theyhadbrowneyesandmade7.____________noises（聲音）.WenamedthemCloudyandlivegoingdobabyfunny8.____________.Weboth9.____________MrJim,mygrandma'soldesthorse.PeterandIreallylovedthat10.____________.Starrodeholiday（六）

Allthestudentsknowthatthe1.____________isourhome.Infact,ourearthisindanger（在危險(xiǎn)中）.Thereareso2.____________serious（嚴(yán)重的）problemsaboutit.Airpollution（污染）isoneofmore,water,factories,another,many,earth,use,down,dirty,helpearthmanythem.Smoke（煙）fromcarsand3.____________makestheair4.____________.Peoplecut5.____________treesforwood（木材）,butthat'sbadfortheair,becausetrees6.____________keeptheairclean.Waterpollutionistheotheroneoftheproblems.Waterissousefulandimportanttous.Ifthereisnoclean7.____________,therewillbenolifefactoriesdirtydownhelpwaterinthefuture（未來(lái)）.Whitepollutionis8.____________seriousproblem.People9.____________toomuchplastic（塑料）.Ourearthishot,too.Theclimate（氣候）isgoingtogetwarmerandwarmereveninwinterinthefuture.Whatcanwedotosavetheearth?I'mgoingtomakesomekindsofposterstoget10.____________peopletothinkabouttheworldaroundus.Howaboutyou?anotherusemore（七） Hainanisan1.____________inthesouthofChina.Itisfamousforthe2.____________seaandthebeautiful3.____________.Lastsummer,myparentsandIwentthereonholiday.We4.____________inSanyaforoneweek.Wehotel,stayed,next,had,drank,and,island,blue,beach,differentislandbluebeachstayedbooked(預(yù)訂)a5.__________nearthebeach.Duringourholiday,we6.__________lotsoffun.Mymumswaminthesea,andmydadrodethemotorboat(摩托艇)withme.Wealso7.____________thecoconutjuice（椰汁）andhad8.____________kindsofseafood（海鮮）.Theislandwaswonderful9.____________thepeopletherewerereallyhotelhaddrankdifferentandfriendly.Weenjoyedtheholidayverymuch.Iamgoingtovisittheislandagain10.____________summerholiday.next（八） Computersareveryusefultoday.Moststude