新版譯林高中英語(yǔ)課件教案練習(xí)學(xué)易金卷：2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末測(cè)試卷（牛津譯林版2020）（新高考）01（解析版）

高一英語(yǔ)第二學(xué)期期末模擬試卷1(譯林新教材)說(shuō)明：本卷不含聽(tīng)力，滿(mǎn)分120分，適用采用譯林版新教材參加新高考地區(qū)的學(xué)生。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEachyear.Timemagazinepicksthebestoftheyear'sinventionsthatwillchangehowwelive,work,andplay.AiraForpeoplewhoareblind,everydaytaskssuchaswalkingtoschoolordoinglaundrycanbetough.Whatiftheycould"borrow”theeyesofsomeonewhocansee?That'sthethinkingbehindAira.AiraisaserviceUserssendlivevideoesoftheirsurroundingstoanagentThisisdonewithspecialglassesorasmartphoneappTheagentsarealwaysavailable.Theycananswerquestions,describeobjects,andguideusersthroughalocation.3MSmog-reducingGranulesSmogisatypeofairpollution.Itcomesfromcarandfactoryemissions.Thecompany3Mhascreatedanewmaterial,3Msmog-reducinggranules(微粒)，whichcanbreakdownsmoggranulesintheair.Thebroken-downgranulesarewashedawaythenexttimeitrainsThegranuleswillhelpreduceairpollution.TheWhillModelCIMorethan3millionAmericansusewheelchairstogetaround.Butmostwheelchairsarehardtomoveonmanysurfaces.TheWhillModelCIisdifferent.Itisanewelectricwheelchair.Itcanclimbobstaclestwoincheshighandmovearoundintightspaces.Thewheelchaircanalsobetakenapartinminutes.Thismakesiteasytotransport.AllbirdsManyshoepartsarenoteco-friendly.AllbirdsistryingtochangethatItistestinganewmaterialcalledSweetFoam,whichismadefrompartsofthesugarcane(甘蔗)plantthatwouldbethrownaway.AllbirdshasstartedusingSweetFoaminalineofflip-flops(人字拖).Itplanstousethematerialinmoreofitsproductlines.WhoisAirafitfor?A.Laundryworkers. B.Blindpeople.C.Highschoolstudents. D.Serviceagents.What'stheaimofdesigningtheWhillModelCI?A.Todriveacareasily.B.Toreducetrafficaccidents.C.Toovercomeobstaclesinlife.D.Toofferthedisabledconvenience.Whichinventionsareenvironmentallyfriendly?A.AiraandtheWhillModelCI.B.TheWhillModelCIandAllbirds.C.3MSmog-reducingGranulesandAllbirds.D.Airaand3MSmog-reducingGranules.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了《時(shí)代》雜志選出的幾個(gè)改變我們生活、工作和娛樂(lè)方式的最佳發(fā)明。1.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Forpeoplewhoareblind,everydaytaskssuchaswalkingtoschoolordoinglaundrycanbetough.”可知，Aira適合盲人，故B項(xiàng)正確。2.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Itcanclimbobstaclestwoincheshighandmovearoundintightspaces.Thewheelchaircanalsobetakenapartinminutes.Thismakesiteasytotransport.”可知，WhillModelCI能爬上兩英寸高的障礙物，在狹小的空間里活動(dòng)。也可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)拆卸，便于運(yùn)輸，由此可知，設(shè)計(jì)WhillModelCI的目的是為使用輪椅的殘疾人提供方便，故D項(xiàng)正確。3.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“3Msmog-reducinggranules(微粒)，whichcanbreakdownsmoggranulesintheair.”和最后一段中的“Manyshoepartsarenoteco-friendly.Allbirdsistryingtochangethat”可知，3M減霧顆?？梢苑纸饪諝庵械臒熿F顆粒；Allbirds鞋的部件是環(huán)保的，由此可知它們兩個(gè)是環(huán)保的，故C項(xiàng)正確。BOnesummerduringhighschool,mymomvolunteeredmetohelpGrandparesearchourfamilytree.Great,Ithought,imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow."You'llbesurprised,"mymompromised,"Familyhistoriescanbeveryinteresting."Intruth,Grandpadidn'twanttolimitmyworktojustresearch,hopingtoalsopreserveourfamilymemories.He'ddiscoveredacomputerprogramthathelpsdigitallyscanoldpicturesandletterstopreservetheircontentsbeforetheycrumblefromoldage.Grandpawantedmetohelphimconnectthescannerandsetupthecomputerprogram.Hecouldtypedocumentsandsendemails,buthadneverusedascanner.Soonafter,Ibecamefascinatedwithmyrelatives'lives.IaskedGrandpatotellthestorybehindeverypictureandletterwescanned.Thestories,whichturnedoutnottobeboringatall,helpedmenotonlyunderstandbutalsorelatetomyrelatives.IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.Perusingthroughtheirbelongings,IfeltIwasopeningawindowintotheworldofmyrelatives,aworldlongsincegone.GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.Iturnedthepagesofmygreat-grandmother'srecipebookandcouldpicturehercookinginherkitchen.Allofthepeoplewhohadbeenmerelynamestomenowhadfacestomatch.Later,Grandpaadmitted,"Iprobablycouldhavedonethisprojectmyself.Ijustwantedsomeonetoshareitwith."Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfirstimpressionofresearch?A.Delightful. B.Tiresome.C.Surprising. D.InterestingWhydidGrandpagivetheauthorachest?A.Toshowhimabundleofletters. B.Tokeephimawayfromboredom.C.Togivehimsomethingtosortout. D.Tofulfillhisdesiretoknowmore.WhatcanwelearnaboutGrandpafromthepassage?A.Heusedtoserveinthearmy. B.Heknewnothingaboutcomputer.C.Heburiedthelettersundergunpowder. D.Helovedsharingwhathehadwithothers.Thebesttitleofthepassageis_______.A.Preciousfamilymemories B.MygrandpaandhisbelongingsC.Mygrandpaandhisfamilytree D.Helpingmygrandpainsummer【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在一個(gè)暑假和爺爺一起整理老照片，從剛開(kāi)始討厭做這樣無(wú)聊的事到渴望了解更多過(guò)去的人的歷史。作者會(huì)珍惜家庭的記憶，希望有一天能把它們傳給自己的孫輩。4.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow.可知，最能描述作者對(duì)研究的第一印象是討厭的。故選B。5.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.（可知，爺爺給了作者一個(gè)箱子滿(mǎn)足他想知道更多的愿望。故選D。6.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.可推知，爺爺曾經(jīng)在軍隊(duì)服役。故選A。7.A【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其最后一段“Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.可知，文章講述了作者在一個(gè)暑假和爺爺一起整理老照片，從剛開(kāi)始討厭做這樣無(wú)聊的事到渴望了解更多過(guò)去的人的歷史。作者會(huì)珍惜家庭的記憶，希望有一天能把它們傳給自己的孫輩。A項(xiàng)：Preciousfamilymemories（珍貴的家庭回憶）符合題意。故選A。CAnewstudy,publishedinTheJournalofExperimentalPsychologyfoundthatcommunicationinteractionsthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstogauge(衡量)connectedness.Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenassignedpeopleatrandomtodooneortheother.Althoughpeoplepredictedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone'svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter.However,peoplewhoparticipatedintheexperimentreportedthattheydidformasignificantlystrongerbondwiththeiroldfriendonthephoneversusemail,andtheydidnotfeelmoreawkward.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchershadstrangersconnectedbyeithertexting,talkingovervideochat,ortalkingusingonlyaudio.Theyfoundthatbothformsofvoicecommunication—whethervideooraudioonly—madethestrangersfeelsignificantlymoreconnectedthanwhentheycommunicatedthroughtext.SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardtrainedclinicalpsychologistbasedinNewYorkCity,sayspeopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofcommunicationwheretheycan"correspondinformationexactlyinthewaytheyintendwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson."Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheneteffectsofthemessage.Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletogaugethemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutruminatingontheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwordsandpunctuation.Whatisthepurposeofthestudy?A.Toencouragepeopletolettheirfingersdothetalking.B.Tointroducetheeffectsofverbalandnon-verbalcommunications.C.Todemonstratethestrengthsandweaknessesofmakingphonecalls.D.Tocompareconnectednessofcommunicationthroughvoiceandtyping.Whichwaywillmakeyoufeelmoreconnectedifyoumissafriendfaraway?A.Typingaletter. B.Sendinganemail.C.Havingavideochat. D.Textingamessage.Whydopeopleprefertotextoremail?A.OthersformsaremuchlessconvenientB.Otherformscan’ttransmitinformationclearlyC.Peoplepaymuchattentiontothecost D.PeopleliketotalkwithoutunexpectedadditionsWhatadvantagedoesmakingphonecallsovertexting?A.Beingmoreformal. B.Beinglessawkward.C.Beingmorestraightforward. D.Beinglessexpensive【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，包括語(yǔ)音在內(nèi)的交流互動(dòng)，如電話(huà)或視頻聊天，比打字，如短信或電子郵件，能產(chǎn)生更強(qiáng)的社會(huì)聯(lián)系。文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的開(kāi)展過(guò)程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。8.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudy,publishedinTheJournalofExperimentalPsychologyfoundthatcommunicationinteractionsthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.”以及第二段中“Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstogaugeconnectedness可知選擇D。9.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenassignedpeopleatrandomtodooneortheother.Althoughpeoplepredictedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone'svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter可知，如果你想念遠(yuǎn)方的朋友，視頻聊天這種方式會(huì)讓你們感覺(jué)更親近。故選C。10.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)peopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofcommunicationwheretheycan"correspondinformationexactlyinthewaytheyintendwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson可知，人們選擇短信或郵件是由于其方便，并且是一種可控制的不受干擾的表達(dá)思想的方式。故選D。11.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheneteffectsofthemessage.Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletogaugethemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutruminatingontheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwordsandpunctuation.可知，相比發(fā)短信，打電話(huà)的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于更直截了當(dāng)。故選C。DBrownbearshavestoppedeatingsalmon(鮭魚(yú))infavorofelderberriesafterbeingforcedtomakeachoiceduetoclimatechange.Warmingtemperaturesmeanthattheberriesareripeningearlierthanusual,atexactlythesametimeasthefreshwaterstreamsonAlaska’sKodiakIslandareoverflowingwithsalmon.Theisland’sbrownbearstypicallyfeedfirstonsalmoninearlysummer,followedbyelderberrieslaterintheseason,inlateAugustandSeptember.“Whatyouhaveisascramblingoftheschedule,”saidWilliamDeacy,abiologistatOregonStateUniversitythatstudiedthephenomenon.“It’sessentiallylikeifbreakfastandlunchwereservedatthesametimeandthenthereisnothingtoeatuntildinner.Youhavetochoosebetweenbreakfastandlunchbecauseyoucanonlyeatsomuchatatime.”Thestudyfoundthatduringtheunusuallywarmsummerof2014,thebears,whichwouldtraditionallykillupto75percentofthesalmon,werenowheretobeseennearthestreams.Instead,theywereinthehillsbusymunchingonberries,whichcontainlessproteinandthereforetakelessenergytobreakdown,causingthemtogainweightmorequickly.Biologistswarnedthatchangescausedbyawarmingplanetwerebehindthebears’unusualbehaviorandcouldaffecttheentireecosystem.Theresearchersfoundthattheforestsaroundthestreamssufferedbecausethebears’fishcarcasses(殘骸)werenolongertheretoenrichthesoil.“Bearsswitchedfromeatingsalmontoelderberries,disturbinganecologicallinkthattypicallyfertilizestheecosystemsandgenerateshighdeathratesforsalmon，”thestudysaid.Onaverage,redelderberriesaresaidtoberipeningtwoandahalfdaysearliereverydecade.Ifthepatterncontinues,theywillregularlyoverlap(重疊)withthesalmonby2070.Brownbearshavebeguntofavor________becauseoftheclimatechange.A.salmonB.elderberriesC.warmtemperaturesD.freshwaterWhatdoesWilliamDeacymeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentence?A.Brownbearseattheirbreakfastandlunchatthesametime.B.We’refacingahardproblemwithchoosingthemeals.C.Climatechangeisdisturbingthebears’eatinghabits.D.People’sbiologicalclocksarechangingregularly.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethephenomenon?A.Natural.B.Unusual.C.Amazing.D.Typical.Thefindingofthestudyshowsusthat________.A.brownbearsmaybecomebiggerandbiggerB.therewillbeahigherdeathrateforthesalmonC.redelderberrieswillprobablyberipeninginsummerD.thechangesofbears’behaviorcouldaffecttheentireecosystem【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了棕熊行為的變化是受到氣候變化的影響，同時(shí)棕熊行為的變化也會(huì)影響整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。12.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Brownbearshavestoppedeatingsalmoninfavorofelderberriesafterbeingforcedtomakeachoiceduetoclimatechange.(由于氣候變化，棕熊被迫做出選擇，已經(jīng)停止食用鮭魚(yú)，而青睞于漿果。)”可知，由于氣候變化，棕熊現(xiàn)在喜歡吃漿果。故選B項(xiàng)。13.C【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。本句的字面意思是“你所擁有的是時(shí)間表的混亂?！痹俑鶕?jù)下一段“It’sessentiallylikeifbreakfastandlunchwereservedatthesametimeandthenthereisnothingtoeatuntildinner.Youhavetochoosebetweenbreakfastandlunchbecauseyoucanonlyeatsomuchatatime.(這好比是早餐和中餐一起吃，你一次只能吃那么多，所以你只能吃一餐。)”可知，此處的“時(shí)間表”指的是飲食方面。所以可以猜測(cè)出WilliamDeacy說(shuō)這句話(huà)的意思是“氣候變化正在擾亂熊的飲食習(xí)慣”，也就是熊的行為受到了氣候變化的影響，與文章開(kāi)頭相呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。14.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Biologistswarnedthatchangescausedbyawarmingplanetwerebehindthebears’unusualbehaviorandcouldaffecttheentireecosystem.(生物學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，由變暖的環(huán)境引起的變化是熊不尋常行為的背后原因，并可能影響整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。)”可知，生物學(xué)家認(rèn)為熊的這種行為是不尋常的。另外，根據(jù)文章可知這種現(xiàn)象又是以前沒(méi)有的，所以我們可以推斷出，棕熊的行為變化的這種現(xiàn)象是不同尋常的。故選B項(xiàng)。15.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Biologistswarnedthatchangescausedbyawarmingplanetwerebehindthebears’unusualbehaviorandcouldaffecttheentireecosystem.(生物學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，由變暖的環(huán)境引起的變化是熊不尋常行為的背后原因，并可能影響整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。)”然后，文章又在接下來(lái)的兩段里舉例說(shuō)明了熊行為的變化是如何影響整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的。所以可知，這個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)向我們展示了：熊行為的變化可能會(huì)影響整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouworkhardtohaveapositiveattitude,youmightbesurprisedbyhowmuchbetteryoufeelaboutyourselfandlifeingeneral.___16___Thelessstressyoufeel,thebetteryouwillfeelgenerally.Soifyou’vebeenfeelingtired,thinkaboutthegood,putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon.Buthowcanyouhaveapositiveattitudewhenlifeishard?It’smorethanjustturninglife’slemonsintolemonade.___17___Butit’sworthit.Herearesomewaysyoucandevelopandmaintainapositiveattitudeeveninthemidstoflife’stroubles.___18___Itjustmeansbeinganoptimistandlookingforthegoodinthings,ratherthanbeingapessimist(悲觀者)andfocusingonthebadinthings.Sometimesyourviewcanmakeallthedifferenceintheworld.Identifythoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.___19___Focusononeareaatatimeandthinkofwaysyoucanfindthepositiveinthem.Smileandlaugh!Yes,itcanbethatsimple.Learntolovelife,nomatterwhat’sgoingon.Smileatothersandtheywillsmilebackatyou.___20___Sometimeslaughterreallyisthebestmedicine.Exercise!Getoffthecouchandgetmoving.Beingactiveandhealthycangiveyouacompletelydifferentattitudetolife.A.Havefunandfindthehumorinlife.B.Youmayfindithardtostaypositiveinyourlife.C.Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork.D.Apositiveattitudedoesn’tmeantakingnonoticeoflife’stroubles.E.Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel.F.Thesearetheareaslikelytomakeyouthinknegativethoughts.G.Gotobedearliersoyougetthesleepyouneedtofeelpositive.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了積極向上的生活態(tài)度會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)很多好處，并提出了四個(gè)讓我們養(yǎng)成積極向上的生活態(tài)度的建議。16.E【詳解】橫線(xiàn)前句告訴我們：如果我們態(tài)度積極，那么我們就會(huì)非常自信。后句涉及到壓力的話(huà)題。本句應(yīng)該介紹積極向上的態(tài)度對(duì)壓力的影響。E項(xiàng)Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel.(積極的態(tài)度能夠減少我們的壓力)很好地把上下文串聯(lián)在一起。故選E。17.C【詳解】橫線(xiàn)前句It’smorethanjustturninglife’slemonsintolemonade.告訴我們積極的態(tài)度不只是把檸檬變成檸檬水這么簡(jiǎn)單。C項(xiàng)Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork.(擁有積極的態(tài)度需要付出努力)能夠承接上文。故選C。18.D【詳解】橫線(xiàn)后句Itjustmeansbeinganoptimistandlookingforthegoodinthings告訴我們積極向上意味著我們要樂(lè)觀向上并尋找生活中美好的事情。D項(xiàng)Apositiveattitudedoesn’tmeantakingnonoticeoflife’stroubles.(積極向上不意味著忽視生活中的困境)是對(duì)積極向上內(nèi)涵的解釋?zhuān)洗颂幷Z(yǔ)境。故選D。19.F【詳解】橫線(xiàn)前句Identify(確認(rèn))thoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.要求我們要列出生活中不美好的事物，這些事物最可能讓我們產(chǎn)生消極思想。F項(xiàng)Thesearetheareaslikelytomakeyouthinknegativethoughts.(這些方面可能會(huì)讓你產(chǎn)生消極的想法)與本段中心思想一致。故選F。20.A【詳解】本段的主題是Smileandlaugh!建議我們對(duì)生活保持微笑。要從生活中找到快樂(lè)和幽默。且A項(xiàng)Havefunandfindthehumorinlife.(享受生活，發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中的幽默)和橫線(xiàn)后句Sometimeslaughterreallyisthebestmedicine.(有時(shí)候笑真的是最好的藥)相吻合。故選A。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Haveyouevernoticedthefollowingthing?Whentwocolleaguesprepareforidenticalpresentations,the21oftheworkisthesame,butoneworksbetter?MortenHansenhassucha(n)22personalexperience.“WhenIwasinacompanyinLondon,Iworkedreallyhardandtriedto23,”hesays.“AndIdid.ButIfoundmycolleaguesworkingmore24thanIwas,andtheyalsoperformedbetterthoughtheydidless.Thatmademeconfused.”The25stayedwithhimandhe26tofindtheanswers.Hecarriedoutastudy,surveyingmorethan5,00027overfiveyearstofigureouthowtheyworked,andwhat28workingpatternhadontheirperformance.Afterthedatawasanalyzed,somesurprisingconclusionsappeared.“Wealwaysthinkthatbydoingmore,wewill29more,”hesays.“Actually,whatwe’vefoundisthattopperformersdothe30andtheyareveryselective.Theydoless,andthentheyexcelinthosefewthingsandthat'showthey31therest.It'salmostacontraryviewonhowyouaresupposedto32andbehave.”Dolesstoperformbetter-thatindeedhasits33.Butwhatifyourbossdoesn't34itandkeepspilingonthework?Just35itinanappropriatemannerandyou'llfindthatyou'remorecapableofdoingyourjob.21.A.staff B.nature C.pattern. D.amount22.A.similar B.worthless C.professional D.opposite23.A.understand B.succeed C.relax D.cooperate24.A.positively B.carefully C.efficiently D.patiently25.A.secret B.moral. C.doubt D.faith26.A.resolved B.hesitated C.seemed D.failed27.A.minors B.interviews C.employees D.accidents28.A.impression B.judgement C.comment D.impact29.A.achieve B.budget C.apply. D.satisfy30.A.extra B.familiar C.rough D.opposite.31.A.adore B.outperform C.interfere D.uncover32.A.correspond B.analyze C.explain D.work33.A.tradition B.appeal C.condition D.weakness.34.A.treat B.guarantee C.buy D.manage35.A.turndown B.keepoff C.putupwith D.makeuseof【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者結(jié)合MortenHansen的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷和調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：人們?cè)谏僮鲆恍┦碌那闆r下，精力更集中，效率更高，而且會(huì)把事情做得更好。【答案解析】21-25BABCC26-30ACDAD31-35BDBCA【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：句意：當(dāng)兩個(gè)同事準(zhǔn)備相同的展示時(shí)，工作的性質(zhì)是一樣的，但一個(gè)工作更好？A.staff員工；B.nature性質(zhì)；C.pattern模式；D.amount數(shù)量,金額。根據(jù)該空前的“identicalpresentations(相同的展示)”可知，兩人的工作性質(zhì)（nature）相同，但其中一人完成得更好。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：莫頓·漢森有著類(lèi)似的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。A.similar類(lèi)似的；B.worthless沒(méi)用的，無(wú)價(jià)值的；C.professional專(zhuān)業(yè)的；D.opposite相反的。根據(jù)下文““WhenIwasinacompanyinLondon,Iworkedreallyhardandtriedto,”hesays.“AndIdid.ButIfoundmycolleaguesworkingmorethanIwas”可知，MortenHansen也有類(lèi)似的（similar）個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，即努力做了相同的事情，但同事的表現(xiàn)更出色。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)我在倫敦的一家公司里，我非常努力，力圖去成功”他說(shuō)。A.understand理解；B.succeed成功；C.relax放松；D.cooperate合作。根據(jù)下文“AndIdid.ButIfoundmycolleaguesworkingmorethanIwas,andtheyalsoperformedbetterthoughtheydidless”可知，此處指他努力工作并力圖成功（succeed），但是一些同事的表現(xiàn)更出色。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的同事比我工作效率高，他們也表現(xiàn)得更好，盡管他們做得更少。A.positively積極地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.efficiently高效地；D.patiently耐心地。根據(jù)下文“andtheyalsoperformedbetterthoughtheydidless.Thatmademeconfused.””可知，MortenHansen發(fā)現(xiàn)同事雖然事情做得少，但是工作更高效率（efficiently），工作完成得也比他好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：疑惑一直伴隨著他，他決心找到答案。A.secret秘密；B.moral道德；C.doubt疑惑；D.faith信仰。根據(jù)上文中的“Thatmademeconfused”可知，這使他很困惑，這個(gè)疑惑一直困擾著他，于是，他下決心去找答案。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：疑惑一直伴隨著他，他決心找到答案。A.resolved堅(jiān)定，下定決心；B.hesitated猶豫了一下；C.seemed似乎；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)上文中的“Thatmademeconfused”可知，這使他很困惑，這個(gè)疑惑一直困擾著他，于是，他下定決心（resolved）去找答案。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，對(duì)5000多名員工進(jìn)行了為期五年的調(diào)查，以了解他們是如何工作的，以及工作模式對(duì)他們業(yè)績(jī)的影響。A.minors未成年人；B.interviews面試；C.employees員工；D.accidents事故。根據(jù)該空后“howtheyworked,andwhatworkingpatternhadontheirperformance.”可知，作者開(kāi)展了一項(xiàng)研究，在五年多的時(shí)間里調(diào)查了5000多名員工（employees）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，對(duì)5000多名員工進(jìn)行了為期五年的調(diào)查，以了解他們是如何工作的，以及工作模式對(duì)他們業(yè)績(jī)的影響。A.impression印象；B.judgement判斷；C.comment評(píng)論；D.impact影響。根據(jù)該空后“workingpatternhadontheirperformance.”可知，MortenHansen想知道他們的工作方式對(duì)他們的工作表現(xiàn)有何影響。固定短語(yǔ)haveimpacton意為“對(duì)某人或事物有影響”。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“我們總是認(rèn)為，通過(guò)做更多的事情，我們會(huì)取得更多的成就?！盇.achieve取得，達(dá)到；B.budget預(yù)算；C.apply申請(qǐng)；適用；D.satisfy滿(mǎn)足。根據(jù)上文“Wealwaysthinkthatbydoingmore”可推知，我們總以為只要做得多，我們就能取得（achieve）更大的成就。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，表現(xiàn)最好的人做的恰恰相反，而且他們非常有選擇性。A.extra額外的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.rough粗糙的；D.opposite相反的。根據(jù)下文“It’salmostacontraryviewonhowyouaresupposedtoandbehave.””可知，恰恰相反（opposite），對(duì)于應(yīng)該如何工作，這幾乎是一種相反的觀點(diǎn)，工作中表現(xiàn)最佳的人并沒(méi)有兼顧很多事，他們做事是有選擇的。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們做的越少，然后他們?cè)谶@幾件事上表現(xiàn)出色，這就是他們?nèi)绾纬狡渌说脑颉.adore喜歡；B.outperform超越，勝過(guò)；C.interfere干擾；D.uncover揭開(kāi)。根據(jù)“andthentheyexcelinthosefewthings”可知，這些人在工作中表現(xiàn)好的人做得少而精，這就是他們超越（outperform）其他人的原因。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于你應(yīng)該如何工作和行為，這幾乎是一種相反的觀點(diǎn)。A.correspond對(duì)應(yīng)；B.analyze分析；C.explain解釋?zhuān)籇.work工作。根據(jù)上段中的“…h(huán)owtheyworked,andwhatworkingpatternhadontheirperformance.”可知，這個(gè)研究結(jié)果對(duì)于人們應(yīng)該如何工作（work），如何表現(xiàn)來(lái)說(shuō)，是一個(gè)相反的觀點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：少做些事來(lái)做得更好——這確實(shí)有它的吸引力。A.tradition傳統(tǒng)；B.appeal吸引力；C.condition條件；D.weakness弱點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Dolesstoperformbetter-thatindeed”可知，少做事就能表現(xiàn)得更好，這個(gè)說(shuō)法當(dāng)然有其吸引力（appeal）。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是如果你的老板不買(mǎi)賬，而且繼續(xù)堆積工作給你呢？A.treat治療；B.guarantee保證；C.buy買(mǎi)；D.manage管理，應(yīng)付。根據(jù)下文“keepspilingonthework”可知，此處指如果老板并不買(mǎi)（buy）賬，即不相信少做事就能表現(xiàn)得更好，并不斷地把工作推給你。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只要以適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞骄芙^它，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你更有能力做你的工作。A.turndown拒絕；B.keepoff請(qǐng)勿，不接近；C.putupwith忍受；D.makeuseof利用。根據(jù)上文“Theydoless,andthentheyexcelinthosefewthingsandthat’showtheytherest.”可知，有些人做的更少可以在這幾件事上表現(xiàn)出色，是他們?nèi)绾纬狡渌说脑?。所以要想做的更好，面?duì)老板的發(fā)難，應(yīng)該以恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞骄芙^（turndown）一些工作。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chopsticks,orkuaiziinChinese,areapairofsmallequal-lengthsticks,usuallymadeofwoodand41.(use)foreatingAsianfood.Itisbelievedthatthefirstchopsticks42.(develop)over5,000yearsagoinChina.Chopsticksplay43.importantroleinChinesefoodculture.Chinesechopsticksareusually9to1044.(inch)long.Theyareroundontheeatingendwhichsymbolizes(象征)heaven,45.theotherendissquarewhichsymbolizesEarth.Chopsticksaresofrequentlyusedindailylifethatthey46.(become)morethanakindofeatingtoolseversincealongtimeago.Theyservemanyotherfunctions.Forexample,youcanbuyapairofbeautifulchopsticks47.agiftforyourfriendsandrelatives.InChinese,“chopsticks”reads“kuaizi”,whichmeanstohavesonssoon,soanewly-marriedcouplewillbeveryhappytoacceptchopsticksastheirweddinggift.48.(skill)artistspaintbeautifulsceneryonchopstickstomakethemlikefineartwork.Manypeopleenjoy49.(collect)theseelegantutensils(用具).50.isimportanttonotethatchopsticksareusedinmanydifferentcultures.Theprinciplesofchopsticketiquette(禮節(jié))aresimilarinmanyoftheseplaces.Generally,chopsticksarenotusedtomakenoise,ortodrawattention.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在中國(guó)飲食文化中起著重要作用的筷子，介紹了筷子的特征、功能和寓意等?！敬鸢附馕觥?1.used【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：筷子是一對(duì)等長(zhǎng)的小棍子，通常由木頭制成，在亞洲用來(lái)吃飯。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知use在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)Chopsticks構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填used。42.weredeveloped【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：人們認(rèn)為筷子最早是在在5000多年前由中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“over5,000yearsago“”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為chopsticks，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，故填weredeveloped。43.an【解析】考查冠詞。句意：筷子在中國(guó)飲食文化中起著重要作用。playa(n)...rolein表示“在某方面起著……樣的作用”，important的發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an。44.inches【解析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：中國(guó)人使用的筷子通常有9到10英寸長(zhǎng)。inch為可數(shù)名詞，由9to10修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填inches。45.and【解析】考查連詞。句意：夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天堂，另一端是方的，象征著大地。結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境可知前后文為并列關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用連詞and，故填and。46.havebecome【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：筷子在日常生活中使用如此頻繁，很久以前就不僅僅是一種吃飯的工具了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“eversincealongtimeago”（很久以前到現(xiàn)在）可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為they，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填havebecome。47.as【解析】考查介詞。句意：例如，你可以買(mǎi)一雙漂亮的筷子作為禮物送給你的朋友和親戚。結(jié)合句意“作為禮物”可知應(yīng)用介詞as。故填as。48.Skillful【解析】考查形容詞。句意：技藝精湛的藝術(shù)家在筷子上畫(huà)上美麗的風(fēng)景，使筷子像精美的藝術(shù)品。修飾名詞artists應(yīng)用形容詞skillful，作定語(yǔ)，表示“熟練的”,句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填Skillful。49.collecting【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：許多人喜歡收集這些精美的餐具。enjoydoingsth表示“喜歡做某事”，故填collecting。50.It【解析】考查it用法。句意：值得注意的是，筷子在許多不同的文化中都被使用。表示“做某事很重要”句型為itisimportanttodosth.，it作形式主語(yǔ)，后面的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填I(lǐng)t。第三部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（滿(mǎn)分15分）假定你是李華,你的美國(guó)朋友Jamie來(lái)信說(shuō)他對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文學(xué)非常感興趣,但在閱讀時(shí)遇到了困難,比如,很多漢字不認(rèn)識(shí),讀不懂文章的意思等,希望得到你的幫助。請(qǐng)給他回信,內(nèi)容包括:

1.表示理解并給予安慰;

2.提出建議。注意:

1.詞數(shù)100左右,開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。DearJamie,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案解析】參考范文DearJamie,

Iammorethanglad