2024-2025學年高中英語Unit4Earthquakes單元同步復習學案新人教版必修1

必修1Unit4Earthquakes一輪復習導學案基礎(chǔ)學問梳理【三星詞匯】一星閱讀詞匯(寫出下列單詞的詞性和意義)quake n.地震；振動earthquake n.地震well n.井smelly adj.發(fā)臭的；有臭味的pipe n.管；導管million n.百萬canal n.運輸河；水道steam n.蒸汽；水汽dirt n.污垢；泥土suffering n.苦難；苦痛brick n.磚；磚塊shelter n.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處dam n.水壩；堰堤track n.軌道；蹤跡；痕跡mine n.礦；礦山；礦井miner n.礦工bar n.條；棒；條狀物outline n.要點；大綱；輪廓headline n.報刊的大字標題cyclist n.騎自行車的人二星寫作詞匯eventn.事務(wù)；大事trapvt.使陷入逆境n.陷阱；逆境rescuen.&vt.援救；營救disastern.災難；災禍titlen.標題；頭銜；資格damagen.&vt.損失；損害congratulationn.慶賀；(復數(shù))賀詞nationn.民族；國家；國民nationaladj.國家的；國民的；民族的；extremeadj.極度的extremelyadv.特別，極其；極端地destroyvt.破壞；毀壞；殲滅destructionn.破壞，毀滅；摧毀uselessadj.無用的；無效的；無益的usefuladj.有用的，有益的；有幫助的shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；振動n.休克；震驚shockedadj.震驚的；震憾的

shockingadj.令人震驚的；可怕的electricityn.電；電流；電學electricadj.電的；電動的；發(fā)電的；導電的

electricaladj.有關(guān)電的；電氣科學的reportern.記者reportn.報告；報道；vt.報告；報導frightenvt.使驚嚇；恐嚇frightenedadj.受驚的；受恐嚇的

frighteningadj.令人恐驚的sincerelyadv.真誠地；真摯地sincereadj.真誠的；真誠的；真實的expressvt.表示；表達n.快車；速遞expressionn.表達；表情，臉色三星高頻詞匯burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆發(fā)n.突然裂開；爆發(fā)ruinn.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)injurevt.損害；損害injuredadj.受傷的；受損害的injuryn.損害，損害；受傷處judgen.裁判員；法官vt.斷定；推斷；判決buryvt.安葬；掩埋；隱藏【構(gòu)詞法巧記單詞】1.“-ing”結(jié)尾的形容詞①shocking 令人震驚的②frightening 令人膽怯 的③terrifying 令人恐驚的④disappointing 令人悲觀的⑤amazing 令人驚異的⑥disgusting 令人厭惡的2.“-ed”結(jié)尾的形容詞①shocked 震驚的②frightened 感到膽怯 的；受驚的③terrified 感到膽怯 的④disappointed 感到悲觀的⑤amazed 感到驚異的⑥disgusted 厭惡的【短語巧記】rightaway立即；立刻asif仿佛；似乎atanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)inruins嚴峻受損；破敗不堪digout掘出；發(fā)覺a(great)numberof很多；大量的cutoff切斷betrappedin陷入；被困在……之中beburiedin埋頭于judge(…)by/from從……推斷(……)giveout分發(fā)；用完，用完intheopenair在戶外asusual按例;像平常一樣beproudof以……驕傲thinklittleof輕視；毫不猶豫；認為……沒價值expressone’sthankstosb向某人表達某人的謝意【典句仿寫】1. too...to...意為“太……而不能……”，表示否定意義.【課文原句】Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.農(nóng)家庭院里的雞,甚至豬都驚慌得不吃東西?！痉聦憽俊?024北京卷書面表達】Astheoldsayinggoes,“It’sneverlatetolearn.”正如諺語所說，活到老，學到老。2. Itseemsasif… 似乎/似乎……【課文原句】Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日!【仿寫】Ayoungcoupleinaboatwereeating,talkingandlaughingloudlyasiftheyweretheonlypeopleintheworld.一對年輕夫婦在船上吃著東西，說著話，大笑著，似乎他們是這世界上僅有的人。3. was/weredoing...+when+…+did…正在做…突然…【課文原句】Themanwassleepingdownstairswhentheearthquakehappened.那名男子正在樓下睡覺突然發(fā)地震了?！痉聦憽縄waswanderingalongthestreetwhenthehoteloppositefelldown.我正在街上閑逛突然對面的酒店倒塌了。4. allofwhom引導定語從句,相當于andallofthem，類似的還有some/each/both/neither/most/many/各種數(shù)詞+of+which/whom引導定語從句?！菊n文原句】Yourspeechwasheardbyfivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.五位評委聽了你的演講,他們一樣認為這是今年最好的演講?！痉聦憽俊?024江蘇卷】Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.很多年輕人都出偏遠地區(qū)追逐幻想，他們大多數(shù)都受過良好教化。核心要點探究【高頻單詞】1. burst vi.(使)裂開;爆發(fā);突然出現(xiàn)n.[C]突然裂開;迸發(fā);爆發(fā) burstintotears/laughter 突然大哭/大笑起來 burstoutcrying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起來 burstin vi.&vt.闖入；突然破門而入 burstin/into… vt.闖入…；突然破門而入… burstwithanger/joy 勃然大怒/樂不行支【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Theweatherturnedwarmunexpectedly,makingthetreesburstintoleaves.②Heisalwaysburstingwithcuriosityinanythingandwantstomakeanattemptatit.③Ashewalkedintotheclassroomwiththatfunny-lookinghat,everyoneburstoutlaughing(laugh).④Suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburstin.(2)一句多譯看到她的同學因為她的愚蠢錯誤哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起來。①Whenshesawherclassmatesburstintolaughterbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburstintotears.(burstinto…)②Seeingherclassmatesburstoutlaughingbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburstoutcrying.(burstout;分詞作狀語)2. ruin vt.(使)毀滅;(使)破產(chǎn)n.毀滅;(常用復數(shù))廢墟;遺跡(1) (be/lie)inruins 嚴峻受損;破敗不堪 bereducedtoruins 淪為廢墟(2) ruinoneself 自取滅亡 ruinone’shealth/fame/future 毀壞某人的健康/聲譽/前途【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Shortlyaftersufferingfromaterribleearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins(ruin),thecitytookonanewlook.②Manyafamouspopstarhasbeenruined(ruin)bydrugsinthepastfewyears.③Ithasrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.④【2024全國III卷】WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins(ruin).(2)一句多譯他犯了個嚴峻錯誤，這讓他失去了出國的機會。①Hemadeaseriousmistake,whichruinedhischanceofgoingabroad.(定語從句)②Hemadeaseriousmistake,ruininghischanceofgoingabroad.(分詞作狀語)3. injure vt.損害；損害(1) injured adj.受傷的 getinjured 受傷 theinjured 傷員(2) injury n.傷；傷口；損害 dosbaninjury 損害某人 doaninjurytosb【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Believeitornot,whatyousaidjustnowinjured(injure)herpride.②【2024北京卷】Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjured(injure)anklehurtbadly.③Dog’sownersshouldberesponsibleiftheirpetsdoaninjury(injure)tootherpeopleorcausedamagetotheirproperty.(2)微寫作我的左腳受了重傷，不能按安排和你一起去了。Withmyleftfootseriouslyinjured,Ican‘tgowithyouasplanned.（with復合結(jié)構(gòu)）4. buryvt.安葬；掩埋；隱藏；使沉醉，使用心；插入，刺入 buryoneselfin(doing)sth 埋頭于(做)某事;用心于(做) beburiedin(doing)sth 埋頭于(做)某事;用心于(做)某事 beburiedinthought 陷入深思【名師點撥】表達類似意義的結(jié)構(gòu)短語還有： ①beabsorbedin 用心于；聚精會神于 ②belostin 埋頭于，迷失在……中 ③beengagedin 參加；從事于；忙于【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,burying(bury)herselfinthebook.②Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishandsburied(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkcoat.③Shesatontheground,buried(bury)inthought.④Hesankintoachair,burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands.(2)一句多譯我父親在用心看書，沒留意到我走進了房間。（bury)①Myfatherwasburiedinabookandhedidn’tnoticemewalkintotheroom.②Myfatherburiedhimselfinabookandhedidn’tnoticemewalkintotheroom.③Myfather,whowasburiedinabook,didn’tnoticemewalkintotheroom.(定語從句)④Myfather,buryinghimselfinabook,didn’tnoticemewalkintotheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)⑤Myfather,buriedinabook,didn’tnoticemewalkintotheroom.(過去分詞作定語)5. judgen.法官;裁判員vt.&vi.判決;推斷;斷定(1) judgingfrom/by… 依據(jù)……來推斷(2) judge+sb/sth+from/by… 以……來推斷……(3) judgement/judgment n.推斷,審判;推斷力【名師點撥】judgingfrom/by…置于句首作狀語。v.-ing形式不受主語的限制,構(gòu)成獨立成分。類似用法的詞或短語還有：generallyspeaking一般來說；honestlyspeaking坦白地說；considering…考慮到……【活學活用】單句填空①Itprovedtobedifficulttomakeajudgement(judge)abouthowwelltheschoolwasperforming.②Youhavenorighttojudge(judge)otherpeople.③Asstudentsdifferfromeachotherinmanyaspects,theyshouldneverbejudged(judge)bytheirscores.④Judging(judge)fromtheabovestory,wecandrawtheconclusionthatwedon’tjudgeamanfrom/byhislooks.【?？级陶Z】1. atanend 結(jié)束；終結(jié)(1) attheendof... 在……終點，在……末端 bytheendof 到……結(jié)束時(多用完成時態(tài)） intheend 最終；最終(2) cometoanend 結(jié)束 putanendtosth 結(jié)束/終結(jié)某事 makeendsmeet 使收支相抵【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Themeetingcametoanendandhesetdownanumberofkeywords.②Atfirstherefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing(apologize)．③Hisnewlywrittennovelhadbeentranslated(translate)intoEnglishbytheendoflastmonth.④Bytheendofthisweek,Iwillhavefinished(finish)mostofthework.(2)用end短語的適當形式填空①Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend(耗盡).②WewerethinkingaboutgoingtoSwitzerland,butintheend(最終)wewenttoAustria.③【2024北京卷】Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.2. a(great)numberof 很多；大量的 【“很多”大家族】 alarge/greatnumberof+[C] 作主語時，謂語用復數(shù) large/greatnumbersof+[C] 作主語時，謂語用復數(shù) agood/greatmany(=many)+[C] 作主語時，謂語用復數(shù) alarge/greatamountof+[U] 作主語時，謂語用單數(shù) large/greatamountsof+[U] 作主語時，謂語用復數(shù) agood/greatdealof+[U] 作主語時，謂語用單數(shù) alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof+[U]/[C]作主語時，謂語與后面的名詞保持一樣 largequantitiesof+[U]/[C] 作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)【名師點撥】與數(shù)量相關(guān)的常用寫作短語 agrowingnumberof 起來越多的 anincreasingnumberof 起來越多的 thenumberof 的數(shù)量（作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)）【活學活用】單句填空①InChina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasingwhosedevelopmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.(anumberof/thenumberof)②AsChinadevelopsfastandsteady,anumberofforeignersarelearningChineseasasecondlanguage.(anumberof/thenumberof)③Agreatdealofmoneywasdonated(donate)toauniversitybyanordinaryworker,whicharousedpublicattention.④Withmoreandmoreforestscutdown,largequantitiesofsoilwere(be)beingwashedaway.【必備句型】1. Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat. 在農(nóng)家大院里，雞甚至連豬都驚慌得不想吃食?！久麕燑c撥】句型公式：too＋adj./adv.(forsb)＋todosth意為“太…而不能…”，表示否定意義(1)當too＋adj./adv.(forsb)＋todosth用來修飾表達人的看法、心情傾向的形容詞如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing等時，不定式表示確定意義。(2)can’t/cannevertoo+adj.再怎么……也不過分,相當于“can’t/canneverbe+adj.+enough”【活學活用】(1)單句填空并翻譯句子①LittleJohnistooyoungtotake(take)upthedifficultjob.②Hewastooeagertoknowtheresultofhisexamination.③Youcan'tbetoocarefulwhenyoudoyourhomework.(2)一句多譯人在做這樣的試驗時越細致越好①Onecanneverbetoocarefulwhendoingsuchanexperiment.②Onecanneverbecarefulenoughwhendoingsuchanexperiment.2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend! 仿佛到了世界末日！【名師點撥】句型公式：Itseemed/seems(tosb)asif/though...(對某人來說)似乎……(1)假如從句表示的狀況是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生的，從句謂語用陳述語氣。(2)假如從句所陳述狀況是不真實的或微小可能發(fā)生的，從句謂語用虛擬語氣。 與現(xiàn)在事實相反：did/were/was 與過去事實相反：haddone 與將來事實相反：would/could＋do(3)如asif/though引導的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同，且含有be動詞，可省略從句主語和be動詞【活學活用】單句填空①Whenapencilispartlyputintoaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwere/wasbroken(break).②ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddone(do)it?③Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflooking(look)forsomething.④Fromtimetotime,whenIlookedupfrommypage,Isawthemasterlookingabouthimasiftoimpress(impress)uponhismindeverythingintheroom.⑤Liveasifyouweretodietomorrow.Learnasifyouwere(be)toliveforever.3. Allhopewasnotlost.不是全部的希望都破滅了?！久麕燑c撥】句型公式：all...not...＝notall...，意為“并非全部的……都……”，部分否定。(1)當not與含“全部/全部/任何”等意義的詞與not連用，如：all,both,everything,everyone,everything,everywhere,always等詞連用時為部分否定,意為“并非都……”。(2)當not與any,anyone,anywhere,anything等詞連用或出現(xiàn)no,nothing,nobody,nowhere,none時是完全否定?！净顚W活用】補全句子/單句填空①Hetoldmeallpiecesofthenews,butnone(ofthem)isinteresting(沒有一個好玩的).②OurEnglishteacherisexcellent,buthecan’thelpeveryone(不能幫助每一個人)intheclassin50minutes.③【2024浙江卷寫作】Dadproposedthatweshouldwalkalongtheriverwhichmayleadustothefarmhouseandnothing(沒有什么)seemedbetterthanthat.高考真題演練【品句填詞】①【2024北京卷】Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswhohadbeentrapped(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.②【2024北京卷】Theyareextremely(extreme)importantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.③【2024北京卷】Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjured(injure),leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.④【2024江蘇卷】Theeconomicimpactoftheartsisoftenoverlookedandbadlyjudged(judge)．⑤【2024北京卷書面表達】Weareproudofourselves(為自己感到傲慢)andbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.語言素養(yǎng)提升【句式升級】①【2024天津卷書面表達】ThoughI’mbusyinreadingbooksthesedays,Ihavestilljoinedseveralstudentclubsinordertoimprovemyself.Thoughburiedinbooksthesedays,Ihavestilljoinedseveralstudentclubsinordertoimprovemyself.(狀語從句省略；升級藍色字體詞匯)②【2024全國卷Ⅱ書面表達】Besides,therearemanyartistswhosemasterpieceswillbeonexhibition.Inaddition,thereareagreatnumberofartistswhosemasterpieceswillbeonexhibition.(升級藍色字體詞匯)【主題寫作】某地發(fā)生地震后，很多互聯(lián)網(wǎng)科技企業(yè)、各大旅游網(wǎng)站和汽車公司等紛紛在第一時間加入搶險救災的行列中。請你以災區(qū)學生李華的名義給這些企業(yè)寫一封感謝信，表達你的感謝之情?！痉只襟E，先句后篇】1.列提綱，補全要點句。①我寫信誠心地感謝你們剛好的救濟，因為沒有你們的救濟我的生活就不會復原正常。I’mwritingtoexpressmysincerethanksforyourtimelyrescue,becausewithoutitmylifecouldn’thavereturnedtonormal.②幾天前，一場極其可怕的地震攻擊了我的家鄉(xiāng)，使得很多房屋成為廢墟并徹底毀壞了我的家。(定語從句)Afewdaysago,anextremelyfrighteningearthquakestruckmyhometown,whichleftagreatnumberofhousesinruinsandcompletelydestroyedmyhouse.③我震驚地發(fā)覺一切都被埋在了倒塌的房屋下面，于是我大哭起來。Iwasshockedtofindeverythingburiedunderthefallenhouse,soIburstintotear