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專題16完形填空目錄TOC\o"1-2"\h\u明晰學(xué)考要求 1基礎(chǔ)知識梳理 1考點(diǎn)精講講練 2考點(diǎn)一:常見邏輯關(guān)系及示例 2考點(diǎn)二:解題原則 4考點(diǎn)三:答題妙招 5考點(diǎn)四:練習(xí)方法和提高途徑 6實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力訓(xùn)練 91.熟悉文化常識、形成語言意識和思維品質(zhì)2.掌握答題技巧,明確答題步驟3.熟悉語篇結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)句內(nèi)層次、句組層次和語篇層次答題(一)邏輯關(guān)系的多層面體現(xiàn)重要性貫穿始終:邏輯關(guān)系在完形填空中起著核心支撐作用,無論是理解文章的行文脈絡(luò),還是精準(zhǔn)判斷各個(gè)空格處應(yīng)填的詞匯,都離不開對邏輯關(guān)系的準(zhǔn)確把握,它是順利解答完形填空的關(guān)鍵所在。不同層面的關(guān)聯(lián):邏輯關(guān)系體現(xiàn)在多個(gè)層面,包括句中、句間以及段間,各層面相互影響、協(xié)同作用,共同構(gòu)建起文章完整的語義邏輯網(wǎng)絡(luò)。準(zhǔn)確識別這些不同層面的邏輯關(guān)系,能夠幫助我們從微觀到宏觀全方位地理解文章,進(jìn)而提高答題的準(zhǔn)確性。(二)各層面邏輯關(guān)系要點(diǎn)句中邏輯關(guān)系:關(guān)鍵線索詞作用:句子內(nèi)部常常通過一些特定的線索詞來展現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系,像“and”這類并列連詞等,它們是我們分析句內(nèi)邏輯、推斷空格選項(xiàng)的重要依據(jù)。邏輯對應(yīng)分析:要善于觀察句子各成分之間的邏輯對應(yīng)情況,例如在涉及并列關(guān)系時(shí),并列部分對應(yīng)的修飾詞等往往存在一定邏輯關(guān)聯(lián),通過分析這種關(guān)聯(lián),能篩選出符合邏輯的正確選項(xiàng),就如在有關(guān)維生素成分的例句中,根據(jù)并列成分與修飾詞的對應(yīng)關(guān)系確定答案。句間邏輯關(guān)系:借助關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn):句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系通常會(huì)通過如轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進(jìn)、因果等明確的邏輯關(guān)系詞來呈現(xiàn),這使得邏輯關(guān)系較為直觀可辨,我們需要敏銳捕捉這些詞來把握句間邏輯走向。語義轉(zhuǎn)折與對比:像在描述不同對待工人方式的例句中,通過前后句語義的對比,能清晰判斷出是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,進(jìn)而依據(jù)這種關(guān)系選擇合適的邏輯銜接詞來體現(xiàn)文意變化,幫助理解上下文和確定答案。段間邏輯關(guān)系:段落銜接的邏輯重點(diǎn):段落之間的銜接處往往蘊(yùn)含著重要的邏輯關(guān)系,尤其要關(guān)注在新段落開頭體現(xiàn)出的與上一段落的邏輯聯(lián)系,這對于整體把握文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和發(fā)展脈絡(luò)至關(guān)重要。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的常見體現(xiàn):很多時(shí)候,段間會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出如轉(zhuǎn)折這樣的邏輯關(guān)系,通過對前后段核心語義的對比分析,能發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯意義上的相反情況,以此來確定體現(xiàn)這種邏輯關(guān)系的相應(yīng)詞匯,如在闡述對某一進(jìn)程看法的例句中,依據(jù)兩段語義相反確定轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞。(三)解題對邏輯關(guān)系的運(yùn)用識別與判斷:答題時(shí)要首先學(xué)會(huì)精準(zhǔn)識別不同位置、不同形式呈現(xiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系,培養(yǎng)對邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞、語義邏輯變化的敏感度,這是利用邏輯關(guān)系解題的基礎(chǔ)前提。依據(jù)邏輯推理答案:一旦確定了邏輯關(guān)系,就要順著這種邏輯線索,結(jié)合文章語境、已知信息等進(jìn)行合理的推理分析,從選項(xiàng)中找出最能契合相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系、使文章語義連貫順暢的答案,讓邏輯關(guān)系成為我們攻克完形填空難題的有力武器。(一)常見邏輯關(guān)系及示例1.因果關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:如because,so,asaresult等;也存在隱性因果關(guān)系情況。示例:2019年全國卷1中,因每年很多人嘗試攀登乞力馬扎羅山,所以他們帶來大量垃圾,破壞了地方美景,相應(yīng)題目依據(jù)此因果聯(lián)系作答。2017年北京卷里,根據(jù)男人無家可歸且饑餓的原因,推出看到男人從垃圾桶撿食物吃的結(jié)果。2.條件關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:常見的有if,unless,onconditionthat等。示例:2014年江西卷里,“如果我能讓你和父親感覺好一點(diǎn)兒”與“Brett能過來嗎”構(gòu)成條件與結(jié)果關(guān)系,用if引導(dǎo)。2016年北京卷中,由“如果疾病襲擊鎮(zhèn)子”這一條件,推知“孩子們會(huì)很無助”的結(jié)果。3.讓步關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:介詞類如despite,inspiteof,regardlessof等;連詞類有though,although,as,while,evenif,eventhough等。示例:2016年天津卷中,根據(jù)主句“一個(gè)人擁有的最大財(cái)富是內(nèi)心”,可推知空格所在句“雖然技巧和天賦能帶來巨大成功”的意思,用Although引導(dǎo)。2013年重慶卷里,依據(jù)though體現(xiàn)的讓步關(guān)系,從“盡管她盡力讓孩子們集中注意力”推出雷聲吸引了孩子們注意力這一情況。4.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:常見的有however,but,onthecontrary等。示例:2016年全國Ⅱ卷中,“我被命名為最有價(jià)值的運(yùn)動(dòng)員”與“我常做惡夢被責(zé)備”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,用but連接。2016年北京卷里,“韋爾奇醫(yī)生迫切需要藥品”與“最近的藥品供應(yīng)站距離遠(yuǎn)”為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,選However。5.對比關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:常見的有while,whereas,not…..but,instead等。示例:2017年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷中,“安靜不是不令人愉快的”和“如果有口語交流,會(huì)讓我們學(xué)的手語更少”形成對比關(guān)系,用Instead連接。2012年全國Ⅰ卷里,“北歐人不喜歡身體接觸”與“拉丁美洲人身體接觸較多”構(gòu)成對比關(guān)系,用ontheotherhand體現(xiàn)。6.并列關(guān)系:表現(xiàn)形式:通過并列連詞and或notonly…butalso等連接,可為同近義并列或反義并列。示例:2017年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷中,根據(jù)并列連詞and以及前句中的fun,結(jié)合后句的saddest,判斷兩分句為反義并列,從而選出答案。2016年天津卷里,依據(jù)“andpraisetheiraccomplishments”可推知與之并列的是為某人鼓勁加油的表達(dá),進(jìn)而確定選項(xiàng)。7.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:常見的有even,besides,what’smore等。示例:2015年全國II卷中,“她們表現(xiàn)得很有進(jìn)攻性”與“還進(jìn)了一球”是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,用even體現(xiàn)。2014年湖南卷里,“熨燙衣服說明我還有某種強(qiáng)項(xiàng)”與“通過熨燙衣服學(xué)會(huì)解決最難問題的方法”是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,選Besides。8.解釋關(guān)系:解釋方式:可通過某些動(dòng)詞(如mean,be和suggest等)、符號(破折號,冒號和括號等)或者關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如forexample/instance,namely等)來進(jìn)行解釋說明。示例:2017年北京卷中,由forexample可知前后句為解釋關(guān)系,后句提到獲獎(jiǎng),所以前句51空應(yīng)表示“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”相關(guān)意思。2016年北京卷里,空后的句子對前面“是旅途中最危險(xiǎn)的一部分”進(jìn)行了解釋說明。9.順序關(guān)系:關(guān)聯(lián)詞:常見的有tobeginwith,firstofall,first(ly),second(ly),then,next,intheend,finally,lastbutnotleast等;順序關(guān)系有時(shí)存在于上下段或上下文之間。示例:2017年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷中,根據(jù)“在本學(xué)年結(jié)束之前,我給孩子們一份特別禮物”的語境,依據(jù)順序關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)。2016江蘇卷里,由信號詞then體現(xiàn)的順序關(guān)系,結(jié)合語境推出最后微笑著說話的情況,確定答案。10.時(shí)間關(guān)系:引導(dǎo)詞:常由when,while,after,before,assoonas等引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。示例:2016年北京卷中,根據(jù)從句意“當(dāng)他把藥給下一位趕狗拉雪橇的人的時(shí)候,Shannon的臉因極度寒冷而凍得發(fā)黑”,判定用When引導(dǎo),體現(xiàn)時(shí)間關(guān)系。2017年江蘇卷里,根據(jù)前后句語境,判斷是學(xué)音樂的學(xué)生要比規(guī)定到校時(shí)間早到校練習(xí),用before引導(dǎo)。(二)解題原則1.語義優(yōu)先于語法原則:文章開頭一般介紹短文相關(guān)內(nèi)容,單純語法題很少。答題不能只按語法規(guī)則選答案,要先理解文章大意,再結(jié)合語言結(jié)構(gòu)判斷空格選項(xiàng),因幾乎每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可能符合語法規(guī)則。2.詞內(nèi)選項(xiàng)句內(nèi)找原則:近義詞或詞組辨析是考試熱點(diǎn),若四個(gè)選項(xiàng)詞義相近,需根據(jù)上下文語境選擇;若詞義相差懸殊,上文或下文通常有答題提示,有時(shí)需讀完全文才能回答首個(gè)空格。3.四遍法原則:第一遍:跳過空格通讀全文,了解體裁、大意,同時(shí)填出一眼能看出答案的題目。第二遍:關(guān)鍵步驟,逐個(gè)推敲空格,按先易后難原則,不確定的先跳過。第三遍:通篇考慮,填好上下文聯(lián)系強(qiáng)、涉及段與段邏輯關(guān)系的較難空格。第四遍:檢查,再通讀全文,從整體把握文章意思,修正不合適的選項(xiàng)。(三)答題妙招1.跳讀首尾句進(jìn)行預(yù)測:高考完形填空首、尾句通常不挖空,通過跳讀可判斷體裁、猜想文章內(nèi)容。首句常交代關(guān)鍵信息、點(diǎn)明主題,尾句多是主題總結(jié),對理解全文有重要啟示作用。2.利用語法分析解題:部分題目考查語法項(xiàng)目,可運(yùn)用平時(shí)所學(xué)詞匯知識,分析單詞(組)使用范圍、動(dòng)詞及物不及物情況,借助句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)等衡量選項(xiàng),排除干擾項(xiàng)。3.利用固定搭配解題:考查詞匯知識體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞辨析兩方面。要掌握習(xí)慣用法,同時(shí)提升詞匯量、詞語搭配及辨析能力,尤其要能在特定語境靈活運(yùn)用,根據(jù)固定搭配確定答案。4.利用固定句型解題:掌握一些固定句型有助于確定題目答案,熟悉如“Itwasn’tlongbefore…”這類常用句型的用法和含義,結(jié)合語境準(zhǔn)確答題。5.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題:語篇存在原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等情況,以及詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象,可利用這些尋找解題信息。6.利用跳讀法解題:先確定相對簡單的空格答案,再逐個(gè)突破其他較難空格,跳過不易得出答案的題目,避免按題號順序依次答題。7.巧用排除法解題:不能直接確定答案時(shí),可結(jié)合排除法與詞匯、語法分析,縮小選擇范圍,排除不符合題意的選項(xiàng),提高答題正確率。8.利用邏輯關(guān)系解題:句中邏輯關(guān)系:通過句子內(nèi)部的邏輯線索詞,如并列、對應(yīng)等關(guān)系來推斷選項(xiàng),使選項(xiàng)邏輯意義與文中線索相符。句間邏輯關(guān)系:借助轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進(jìn)、因果等邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)的句與句之間的邏輯聯(lián)系,或者從篇章層面把握邏輯關(guān)系來解題。段間邏輯關(guān)系:關(guān)注段落之間銜接體現(xiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系,通常在第二段首句等位置體現(xiàn)與前段的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)來確定答案。9.巧用背景常識解題:當(dāng)文章信息不足時(shí),結(jié)合頭腦中的文化背景和生活常識答題,依據(jù)主題猜測細(xì)節(jié),從重復(fù)出現(xiàn)詞語中體會(huì)文章氛圍,簡化答題過程。10.利用對比結(jié)構(gòu)解題:對比結(jié)構(gòu)將對立事物或同一事物不同方面并列對比,利用這種關(guān)系,根據(jù)已知對比部分推斷出設(shè)空處的答案。11.利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題:平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式整齊、內(nèi)容關(guān)聯(lián)、語法一致,根據(jù)其句式相似及意義關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ鹊奶攸c(diǎn),確定與平行部分對應(yīng)的答案選項(xiàng)。12.利用暗示和對應(yīng)解題:做題要有全局觀念,注重前后句意思聯(lián)系,難選之處前后多有暗示,多為后面暗示前面,依據(jù)這種暗示與對應(yīng)關(guān)系合理推理判斷答案。13.根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題:通讀時(shí)尋找反映語境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞匯或句子,它們對選擇體現(xiàn)相同感情色彩的選項(xiàng)起引導(dǎo)作用,依據(jù)文章用詞的感情傾向確定答案。14.綜合利用各種線索解題:從文章字里行間尋找書寫和形態(tài)變化線索、詞匯線索、句法線索、社會(huì)文化線索等,利用這些線索猜測、判斷,準(zhǔn)確答題。(四)練習(xí)方法和提高途徑培養(yǎng)良好閱讀習(xí)慣:以意群、語義為單位閱讀,避免逐詞逐句認(rèn)讀。借助視覺掃讀,摒棄手指唇動(dòng)或無聲心讀方式。閱讀時(shí)一氣呵成,減少頻繁回讀。直接理解原文,不要逐詞逐句心譯。利用上下文和構(gòu)詞法猜測生詞、推測句意,不頻繁查詞典。逐步擴(kuò)大視距,進(jìn)行縱式快速閱讀,而非橫式賞析細(xì)讀。例題精練,舉一反三因果關(guān)系Everyyearabout40000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They__41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.41.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.Bring42.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reportersTheysawaman_____36_____outofagarbagecan.Sheaskedhermotherwhyhedidthatandhermothersaidthatthemanwashomelessandhungry.A.jumping B.eating C.crying D.waving條件關(guān)系“Icanhelp,Mum!”Jamessaid.“44

IcanmakeyouandDadfeelbetter,canBrettcomeover?Please?”A.As B.If C.Since D.BeforeThechildrenofNomewouldbe

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ifit(adeadlyinfectiousdiseasemainlyaffectingchildren)struckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.A.harmless B.helpless C.fearless D.careless條件關(guān)系Lookingaround,hecontinued,“Cathyhasinspireduswithherwillandenthusiasm.

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skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess,themostvaluableasset(財(cái)富)onecanholdistheheart.”A.Although B.Since C.Once D.BecauseHardthoughshetriedtomakethekids

40,thethunderwonthebattlefortheirattention.40.A.concentrate B.change C.hide D.sit轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系Wewent10—1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,

48

IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller’saccident.A.and B.then C.but D.thusDr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.

38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.HoweverThelessonstheylearnedmaynotbe

40

whattheywouldhavegotteninschool,butarecertainlymorepersonalandmeaningful,becausetheyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown.40.A.harmfulto B.mixedwith C.differentfrom D.a(chǎn)ppliedto對比關(guān)系Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwasprohibited.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.58,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.HoweverNorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehavingbodilycontact(接觸)evenwithfriends,certainlynotwithstrangers.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,45,toucheachotherquitealot.A.inotherwords B.ontheotherhand C.inasimilarway D.Byallmeans并列關(guān)系Freddywasanaveragestudent,butnotanaverageperson.Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion(同情).Hewouldlaughtheloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone’s_____46_____.A.misfortune B.disbelief C.dishonesty D.mistakeThencamethefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.Cathydidn’texpectanyawardbutwasstillthereto

30

herfriendsandpraisetheiraccomplishments.A.cheeron B.competewith C.respondto D.runafter遞進(jìn)關(guān)系Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhadseenthedaybeforeintotheirgame.Theyplayedaggressivelyand

36

scoredagoal.36.A.even B.still C.seldom D.againWhateverfailuresIsufferinmylife,anironedshirttellsmeIamgoodatsomething.

46,throughironingI'velearnedthemethodforsolvingeventhemosttroublesomeproblems.A.Instead B.Besides C.Otherwise D.However解釋關(guān)系InthemorethanfiveyearssinceHannahbeganheractivities,shehasreceivedalotof

51.Forexample,shereceivedthe2007BRICKAwardrecognizingtheeffortsofyoungpeopletochangetheworld.A.praises B.invitations C.replies D.a(chǎn)ppointmentsOnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadtocrossafrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost_____48_____partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish順序關(guān)系In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kidsentered“TheThinkingLaboratory.”…Beforetheschoolyear_____47_____,Igavethekidsaspecialgift,…A.changed B.a(chǎn)pproached C.returned D.endedA(2024高一下·甘肅蘭州·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Responsibilityisthegoodcharacterofhumanrace.However,inthisworld,fewpeoplehaveself-esteem,self-confidence,enterprising,compassion,perseverance,filialpietyandkindness.Thefaucet(旋塞)hasmanyuses:toprovidewater1thepeople.2,somepeoplewillturnonthefaucetandareunwillingtoturnitoff.Intheschool,therearemanyclassmateslittering.Thisisabadbehavior.Litteringgarbagebacktopollutetheenvironment,makingthecampusunclean.Itis3thatthereisayoungmanstudyingintheUnitedStates4hasgoodgradesinschoolandisalsoverysmartandcapable.Aftergraduation,hethoughthecouldfindagoodjobwithhisknowledgeandability.However,hewenttomanycompaniesand5rejected.Whenheasked6hewasrejected,thereplyhegotwas:Althoughyouareverytalented,youescapedtheticket3times.Mycompanyis7havetalentsandgoodqualitysuchasintegrity(正直).Thisisalsoa8.Dowhatyoucandobyyourself.Thetasksassigned(分配)toyoubytheteacher9bedonetothebestofyourability.Whenyouseeavery10person,youwill11thinkabouthismiserablelifeorcontinuetoweavehiminthefuture.Thisisyourkind12.Ifyougetafailingtestpaper,youwilldefinitelypushalltheresponsibilitiestotheteacher.It’snotright13thistime.It’s14youdon’tstudyhardtofailtheexam.Classmates,let’s15action!Letusreinvigorate(使再振作)andchangeourbadailments,nottolitterandsoon.Then,wecanbecomeamodernlittlecitizenwithasenseofresponsibility.1.A.to B.with C.for D.from2.A.But B.However C.And D.While3.A.said B.say C.speak D.spoken4.A.where B.that C.while D.who5.A.was B.is C.were D.a(chǎn)re6.A.how B.what C.why D.that7.A.for B.with C.to D.from8.A.blame B.responsibility C.duty D.onus9.A.may B.should C.can D.must10.A.miserable B.pity C.rich D.nasty11.A.decidely B.rueful C.commiserative D.definitely12.A.compassion B.concern C.solicitude D.feeling13.A.on B.in C.a(chǎn)t D.for14.A.that B.becaue C.why D.were15.A.put B.take C.in D.upB(2024高一下·廣東佛山·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Iwassixty-eightyearsoldandretiredwhenourchurch(教堂)joinedaprisonservicegroup.Wewentonatourofthewomenprison(監(jiān)獄).Themetaldoorsgavemeasenseof16.IknewIcouldn’tstandbeinglockedbehindthosedoors,17asavolunteerwhoknewshewasgettingout.ThenMargo,ayoungbutexperiencedvolunteerintheprison,18metobeherpartner.Shefeltshecould19thewomenbyspeakingtotheirneeds.Herpositiveattitudeslowlybuiltmy20,andIacceptedherinvitation.Later,MargoandIscheduledourfirstvisit.21,whenwearrivedattheprison,thewomen22tocomeoutastheywerewatchingTV.AndwhenIarrivedthenextweekforthesecondvisit,IwastoldMargocouldn’t23!HowwasIsupposedtodealwiththemwhenshewasabsent?Waitingalone24,Ialmostjumpedatthesoundofthedoorunlocking.Onebyone,thewomeninorangeenteredtheroom.Isawdaughters,mothers,andgrandmothers.Theyhadalloncemadebaddecisionsbuttheywantedto25.Suddenly,Ifeltnofearandcouldn’twaittoshare26wordswiththesewomen.BeforeIknewit,ourmeetinghadendedandthewomenwere27me.FifteenyearshavepassednowandI28togoweeklytotheprison.Thegreatest29istohearthemsay“thanks,GrannyBev,”astheyfollowtheguardbacktotheirrooms,andIgothroughthe30doorsthatoncebroughtmefear.16.A.curiosity B.fear C.surprise D.sadness17.A.rarely B.especially C.even D.just18.A.invited B.forced C.a(chǎn)llowed D.hired19.A.control B.influence C.cheat D.judge20.A.capacity B.patience C.confidence D.reputation21.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However22.A.planned B.refused C.managed D.offered23.A.stay B.speak C.come D.walk24.A.nervously B.excitedly C.expectantly D.a(chǎn)ngrily25.A.survive B.escape C.relax D.change26.A.encouraging B.interesting C.polite D.tough27.A.congratulating B.a(chǎn)sking C.thanking D.observing28.A.stop B.struggle C.forget D.continue29.A.satisfaction B.interest C.disappointment D.wish30.A.hidden B.same C.mental D.woodenC(2023高一下·吉林·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Ayoungwomaninher20swassittingonthetrain,nexttohermother.Theybothlookedtiredbutexcited.Theyoungwomanwaslooking31fromthetrain’swindows.Suddenly,sheshouted“Mom,look,thetreesarebehindus!”Hervoicewasso32thateveryoneonthetrainheard.Momsmiled.Butayoungcouplesittingnearby33theyoungwoman’schildishbehavior(行為)withpity.“34youngwoman.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithhermind.”Theythought.Awhilelater,theyoungwoman35again.Andthemotherseemedveryhappywiththeyoungwoman’swords.36thecouplecouldn’thelpaskingtheoldwoman,“Sorryifweoffend(冒犯)you.Butwhydon’tyoutakeyourdaughtertoagooddoctor?”Theoldwomansmiledandsaid,“Actually,wehavejustcomefromthe37”“Thenyoushouldgotoabetterone.Becauseitseemsthatyourdaughter’ssituationhasn’t38,”saidoneofthem.Theyfeltsobadfortheoldwoman.“No,infactI’mveryhappywiththetreatment(治療),”saidthemother.“Mydaughterwas39frombirth.Today,sheisseeingtheworldforthefirsttime.”Everysinglepersonhasastory.Don’tjudge(評判)people40youtrulyknowthem.Thetruthmightsurpriseyou.31.A.in B.down C.out D.a(chǎn)way32.A.loud B.low C.gentle D.soft33.A.a(chǎn)rrivedat B.lookedat C.shoutedat D.a(chǎn)imedat34.A.Happy B.Smart C.Clever D.Poor35.A.said B.a(chǎn)sked C.shouted D.sang36.A.Luckily B.Finally C.Sadly D.Probably37.A.school B.factory C.hospital D.store38.A.improved B.happened C.started D.kept39.A.healthy B.deaf C.weak D.blind40.A.since B.before C.a(chǎn)fter D.forD(2023高一上·廣東佛山·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Imuneknarrowlyavoidedadisasterlastyear.Atthattime,Imunekalreadyhada1yearoldandwaseightmonthspregnantwithhersecondkid.Shewasstillworkingherjobasabusdriverforlocal41.Thedaywasfairly42untilastrangesmellbegantofillthe43.“Ihadthedriverwindowdownandthoughtthe44wascomingfromanothercaratfirst,butthensmoke45comingthroughmyheater,soI46,”Imunekrecalled.She47touseherradiophonetodiscusstheproblem,butitdidn’ttakelongforherto48thatshedidn’thavetimefora49.Instead,shegatheredthe37kidsshe50,rangingfromprimarytohighschool,andgotthemoffthebusasquicklyand51aspossible.Fifteentothirtysecondsafterthe52childgotoffthebus,thebuswasonfire.AlthoughImunekbreathedinagoodamountofsmoke,sheandherbabywerefoundtobe53,aswereallthechildrenonherbus.Toexpresstheir54,allofthechildren’sparentswrotethankyounotesforthe55busdriver.41.A.workers B.travelers C.students D.villagers42.A.tough B.challenging C.comfortable D.natural43.A.bus B.car C.street D.world44.A.smell B.smoke C.fire D.noise45.A.stopped B.started C.continued D.tried46.A.gotoff B.wentaway C.pulledover D.stoodup47.A.a(chǎn)fforded B.a(chǎn)greed C.promised D.wanted48.A.decide B.hope C.imagine D.record49.A.chance B.lesson C.conversation D.task50.A.chose B.taught C.knew D.carried51.A.politely B.calmly C.a(chǎn)ctively D.easily52.A.last B.first C.only D.slow53.A.healthy B.weak C.a(chǎn)ttractive D.helpless54.A.support B.thanks C.understanding D.worries55.A.good-looking B.easy-going C.fast-talking D.quick-thinkingE(22-23高一下·江西撫州·期中)Someyearsago,Iwasinvitedtogiveakeynotespeechatahigh-levelmeeting.Itwasagreatchanceforme.Iwas56whenIheardthenews.57,sinceIgaveakeynotespeechforthefirsttime,I58Iwouldn’tperformwellasexpected.WhenIsatinthebackwaitingformy59,Ifeltnervousabouthowpeoplewouldseeme.Ifixedmymindtotallyon“me”.Ifeltveryuncomfortable.Whilelookingthroughwebsitesonline,Ireadaninterviewwithafamouspsychologist60.Hespokeaboutthepleasureofwishingotherswellandawaveof61sweptoverme.IrecognizedthatthekindestthingIcoulddoformyselfwasto62concentratingtotallyon“me”andinsteadtrytobe63toothers.SoIstayedfocusedonwhatcouldbeusefultootherpeopleratherthanhowIwas64.Surprisingly,myspeechreceivedgreat65.Iunderstandthattogetadmiration,stop66it,totakecareofyourself,youneedtotakecareofothersfirst.This67worksformanypeople.It’salso68thatyouneedtobekindtoyourselfbecauseifyoursenseofbeinghappy69,you’remorelikelytobepatient,supportive,forgiving,andloving.Nowadays,itseemsasifpeopleare70inavastwebsinceeachpersondoesn’tlivealone.Nomatterhowgoodorbaditis,whatyoudotootherscertainlycomesbacktoyourself.56.A.positive B.disappointed C.excited D.sad57.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.Therefore D.However58.A.feared B.expected C.decided D.promised59.A.chance B.turn C.dream D.choice60.A.inexchange B.onpurpose C.byaccident D.fornothing61.A.regret B.warmth C.pride D.relaxation62.A.practise B.stop C.imagine D.consider63.A.polite B.blind C.helpful D.known64.A.comingacross B.givingup C.figuringout D.puttingdown65.A.praise B.benefit C.guidance D.challenge66.A.changing B.making C.improving D.finding67.A.habit B.rule C.result D.story68.A.true B.easy C.surprising D.interesting69.A.struggles B.changes C.matters D.increases70.A.trapped B.controlled C.connected D.a(chǎn)rrangedF(2024高二下·福建·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Myelderbrother,Kevin,wasalwaysunkindtome.Sharingabedroomwithhimwasnot71.WhenIwasseven,my72tookustotheswimmingpooloneday.Ijustlearnedhowto73then,butKevincouldswimlikeafish.MyparentsremindedKevinto74mebeforeweswamoff.Kevinwasunwillingtolookafterme,75heswamfaraway.Ipaddled(蹬水)inthewaterbymyself.SomehowI76thelineandmovedintothegrown-ups’pool.Thewaterbecamemuch77andmyfeetcouldn’ttouchthebottom.Iwasfrightenedandtriedtocallforhelpbut78keptcomingthroughmymouthandnose.Drowning(溺水)wassucha79experience!Suddenly,someonesavedmefromthewaterand80meup.ItwasmybrotherKevin!Hearingthe81,myparentsrushedtous.TheyweresoconcernedaboutmethattheycompletelyignoredKevin.Nooneeven82howhewasfeeling.Kevinfeltwrongedandsuddenlybegantocry,sayingthatmyparents83lovedmemorethanhim.IfinallyunderstoodwhyKevinwassodifficult.Ifelt84tohavemadehimfeellessimportant.Wehuggedhimclose,sayingthatwe85himasmuch.Fromthatdayon,Ihavealwaysgotalongwellwithmybrother.71.A.surprising B.enjoyable C.difficult72.A.friends B.teachers C.parents73.A.swim B.cook C.dance74.A.lookupto B.watchoutfor C.keepawayfrom75.A.but B.if C.so76.A.crossed B.tied C.cut77.A.warmer B.cleaner C.deeper78.A.a(chǎn)ir B.water C.rubbish79.A.terrible B.boring C.wonderful80.A.beat B.blew C.brought81.A.noise B.song C.cheer82.A.explained B.a(chǎn)sked C.doubted83.A.never B.seldom C.a(chǎn)lways84.A.calm B.sorry C.excited85.A.loved B.served C.pushedG(2024高二下·湖南·學(xué)業(yè)考試)On17March,476studentsand36teachersatFalmontPrimarySchoolescapedanearthquakethathitthecountryat2:27p.m.AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,was86whenthefloorbegantoshake.Herstudents’87wasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirstand88thelegsofthedesks.Atthesametime,MissBrown89openedtheclassroomdoor,incaseitbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,butthestudentsremainedstilland90calmlyandquietly.Themomenttheshakingstopped,MingBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclassto91.Shesignalledtoherstudentstoexitthe92inanorderlylinecoveringtheirheadswiththeirhands.Withinoneminuteandtwentyseconds,thewholeclasseswentdownthestairsand93totheplayground.Soonstudentsfromotherclassesarrivedtoo.Afterarollcallconfirmedthatallweresafeandsound,they94,laughing,cryingandhuggingeachother.“Wepractiseearthquakesafety,procedurestwiceayear,”saidMissBrown,“sothekidswere95enoughtoprotectthemselvesduringtheearthquake.”86.A.teaching B.playing C.cooking D.exercising87.A.preparation B.reaction C.communication D.explanation88.A.heldonto B.caughtsightof C.tookapart D.putaside89.A.suddenly B.quickly C.carelessly D.secretly90.A.stood B.slept C.waited D.moved91.A.study B.perform C.question D.escape92.A.library B.gym C.hall D.classroom93.A.rushed B.walked C.wandered D.flooded94.A.sighed B.struggled C.relaxed D.hesitated95.A.energetic B.curious C.calm D.patientH(2024高二上·廣東·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Itwasasunnyday.Katewasjumpingropeinfrontofherhouse.Shehadallthetimeintheworldto96herjumping.Thejumpropewas97toher.Itwasabirthday98fromhergrandma,whospentseveralnights99makingitperfect.AsKatewasjumping,ateenageboy100toherfromacrosstheroad.“Givemethat,”heshoutedand101thejumpropefromKate’shandsandranaway.102andangry,Kateranaftertheboy,hopingtogetitback.“Whata103boy,”thoughtKate.Sheranallthewaytoaparkandfinally104theboy.There,shesawayoungerchild105inthepond(池塘).Theboythrewanendofthejumpropetothechildandpulledthechildontothebank.Katewalkeduptothemandaskediftheyneededany106.“Allgood.Thankyou,”saidtheboy.HandingthejumpropebacktoKate,he107,“I’msorryifIfrightenedyoujustnow,butIwasina108.Theropewasabighelp.”Backhome,Katetoldhergrandmathattheropehadhelped109achildinthepark.Shesmiled110asshethoughtofthepartherjumpropehadplayed.96.A.show B.enjoy C.record D.prepare97.A.short B.strong C.special D.strange98.A.gift B.card C.cake D.party99.A.freely B.quickly C.a(chǎn)nxiously D.tirelessly100.A.rode B.drove C.jumped D.rushed101.A.stole B.took C.received D.borrowed102.A.Tired B.Touched C.Shocked D.Excited103.A.lonely B.helpless C.careless D.horrible104.A.caughtupwith B.a(chǎn)rguedwith C.shoutedat D.gotawayfrom105.A.swimming B.struggling C.playing D.rowing106.A.help B.time C.money D.a(chǎn)dvice107.A.warned B.shouted C.ordered D.a(chǎn)pologized108.A.way B.mess C.hurry D.minute109.A.save B.find C.lead D.train110.A.bravely B.proudly C.curiously D.nervouslyI(2024高二下·湖北·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Iwasdrivingmydaughtertothenearestairport.Itwasa3-hour111,soafterdroppingheroffatthe112,mysonsandIstoppedataMcDonaldstohavelunch.Afterfindingatable,Iwentuptoorderour113.Mostoftheworkerstherewereteenagers.Workingatthecashregister(收銀臺),114,wasanelderlady.Eachpersonthat115togivetheirorderwasgivenahugesmileandafewkindwords.It116myhearttoseehowshemadepeoplehappyinwithhergoodcheer.Whenitwasmy117toorder,IsmiledbackandtoldherthatshehadthesweetestsmileI’d118seen.Shelaughed,pattedmeonthehandand119,“Noextracharge,sweetie!”WhenIwas120homeIcouldstillfeelher121inmyheartandseehersmileinmymind.AndIcouldfeelmyownfacesmilingtoo.Whenwedrovebacktopickupmy122afewdayslater,westoppedattheMcDonaldsagain.I123theladywiththesweetsmilebutshewasnowheretobeseen.Maybeshewasn’t124thatdayormaybeshehadmovedontoblessotherswithhersmilesomewhereelse.EitherwayIwishedherwell.Rememberingour125meetingalwaysbringsasmilebacktomyface.111.A.trip B.speech C.a(chǎn)ctivity112.A.station B.a(chǎn)irport C.show113.A.products B.drinks C.food114.A.instead B.however C.thus115.A.cameup B.lookedup C.brokeup116.A.warmed B.hurt C.troubled117.A.birthday B.turn C.check118.A.never B.ever C.seldom119.A.mailed B.recited C.said120.A.walking B.running C.driving121.A.kindness B.a(chǎn)ttention C.weight122.A.a(chǎn)ssistant B.daughter C.niece123.A.pickedup B.lookedfor C.chattedwith124.A.working B.worrying C.lying125.A.daily B.secret C.briefJ(2024高二下·湖北·學(xué)業(yè)考試)Iwasoverweightmostofmylife.EverythingIreallyknewaboutmyselfwas126onmysize.Itwasreallya127experiencebeingafatwoman.However,everythingchangedaftermydrastic(極端的)weight128fiveyearsago.Ioftentookalookatmyselfina129asIpassedbyinadepartmentstoreandquestioned,“Whoisthatgirl?”Itwasn’tfora130ofhavingmirrorsinmyhouseandnotlookingintothemirrorona131basis.Myoldmentalprogramming(心理程序)still132myselfas300pounds.Evenfiveyearsafterlosingalloftheweight,Istill133

myselfthinking,“Whoisthatgirl?”WhenI’mnotexpectingtoseemyselfinamirrororphotograph,it’satotal134thatIlookthewaythatIdo.I’dliketothinkthatthisissomethingmymindwillfinallygetusedto,butafterfive135,itstillhasn’t.Ilivedinaneighborhoodthathadasmall136,atwhichthesamecashiers(收銀員)alwaysseemedtoworkthere.Thecashiersprettymuchalways137mewhenIweighed300pounds.Iwasnever138witha“Hello,howareyoudoingtoday?DidyoufindeverythingOK?”Evenjustsaying“hi”wouldhavebeennice.Igrewto139shoppingthere.AfterItooktheweightoff,thecashierswerewarmerandkindertome.Thesewerethesamecashiersasbefore,140theywerefriendlytothesmal

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