2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-第1部分-人與自我-主題群2-做人與做事-主題語境5-創(chuàng)新與創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)教案

2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分人與自我主題群2做人與做事主題語境5創(chuàng)新與創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)教案2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分人與自我主題群2做人與做事主題語境5創(chuàng)新與創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)教案PAGE2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分人與自我主題群2做人與做事主題語境5創(chuàng)新與創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)教案2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第1部分人與自我主題群2做人與做事主題語境5創(chuàng)新與創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)教案年級：姓名：主題語境(五)創(chuàng)新與創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)閱讀理解A(2020·天津5月卷·B)OneofthemoststressfuldaysofSusanMcFrederick'slifewaswatchinghersongetwheeledawayforsurgeryhoursafterhewasbornin2011.Butaftertheoperation，Susanburstintotearsforadifferentreason：acrossthecutontheirnewbornson'sbackwasasweetwinterscene，hand-drawnonhisbandages(繃帶)．“Therewererollinghillsofsnow，apinetreeandasnowmanwithahatandbroom，”sherecalled.“Itwasextremelytouchingandcomfortingtoknowthatsomebodyhadtakenthetimetodothatformyfamily.ItwasamomentI'llneverforget.”Susansoonlearnedtheartistwasherson'ssurgeon，RobertParry，whodiscoveredanotherwaytousehishandsinthemid-1980sduringhisinternship(實(shí)習(xí)期)atachildren'smedicalcenter，wherehesawoneofhiscolleaguescutoutheartandsharkshapestodecoratechildren'sbandages.“Myfirstreactionwas，‘Whatishedoing？Hey，that'skindofneat，’”Parryrecalled.“Iespeciallylikedthereactionsoftheparentsandthepatientswhentheysawhisartwork.Thesmilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesurgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.”Parryquicklygraduatedfromhisearlyheartsandsharks，andstartedtosurprisefamilieswithdrawingsthatcapturedyoungpatients'personalities.FromSnoopytoSpider-Manandbearstobutterflies，thereisn'tmuchhehasn'tdrawn.Mostkidswantsuperheroes，sportsteamlogosorprincesses，whilebabiesoftenreceivesceneswithflowers，treesandseacreatures.Duringthelast30years，Parryestimateshehasleftexamplesofhishandiworkoverthestitches(傷口縫線)ofmorethan10,000children.“Duringatimeofstressforfamilies，it'snicetobeabletohelpthemsmileandlaugh，”Parrysaid.“ThisissomethingpositivethatIcandoforthem，whichiswhatIlikemostaboutit.”ForParry，therewardisknowinghehopefullymadeadifferenceinachild'slife,andexceptforhisdrawingsonbandages，“theycangoonandlivetheirlivesandneverknowIwasinit，”hesaid.He'snotreadytoretire，buthe'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillfulintheyearstocome.“I'vetakenupknitting(編織)，”Parrysaid.“Hats，sweaters，gloves—Ienjoyitall.Butmostly，Ienjoygivingeverythingaway.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了醫(yī)生RobertParry在手術(shù)后幫助病人緩解壓力的獨(dú)特方法——在繃帶上畫畫。1．Susanburstintotearsafterherbaby'soperationbecauseshewas________.A．moved B．a(chǎn)musedC．stressed D．heartbrokenA[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butaftertheoperation，Susanburstintotearsforadifferentreason：acrossthecutontheirnewbornson'sbackwasasweetwinterscene，hand-drawnonhisbandages(繃帶)．”以及第三段中的“Itwasextremelytouchingandcomfortingtoknowthatsomebodyhadtakenthetimetodothatformyfamily.”可推知，Susan突然大哭起來的原因是有人肯花時(shí)間為她的家庭做暖心的事，這讓她很感動(dòng)，故A項(xiàng)正確。]2．HowdidParrygettheideaofdecoratingchildren'sbandages?A．Hewasmotivatedbyhispatients.B．Hewasinspiredbyhiscolleague.C．Hewasrequiredtolearntheskillduringhisinternship.D．HewasencouragedbySusantoshowhisgeniusforart.B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“wherehesawoneofhiscolleaguescutoutheartandsharkshapestodecoratechildren'sbandages”以及第五段最后一句“ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.”可知，Parry裝飾孩子繃帶的想法是從他的同事那里得到的啟發(fā)，故B項(xiàng)正確。]3．Parry'sartworksduringthelast30yearsshowthathe________.A．devotedhimselfmoretoartthantomedicineB．knewmoreabouthispatientsthantheirparentsC．tookintoconsiderationthetastesofindividualpatientsD．createdalargenumberofworksbeyondhisexpectationsC[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Parryquicklygraduatedfromhisearlyheartsandsharks，andstartedtosurprisefamilieswithdrawingsthatcapturedyoungpatients'personalities.FromSnoopytoSpider-Manandbearstobutterflies，thereisn'tmuchhehasn'tdrawn.Mostkidswantsuperheroes，sportsteamlogosorprincesses，whilebabiesoftenreceivesceneswithflowers，treesandseacreatures.”可知，Parry根據(jù)不同孩子的喜好來畫畫，例如史努比、蜘蛛俠，以及動(dòng)植物、公主等，也就是說，Parry進(jìn)行藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作時(shí)將病人的個(gè)人喜好考慮在內(nèi)，故C項(xiàng)正確。]4．WhatdoesParryexpecttoachievewithhisartworks?A．Togetarewardfromtheartisticcircle.B．Towintheadmirationofhiscolleagues.C．Tomakeadifferenceinhisdullmedicalcareer.D．Toliftthespiritsofhispatientsandtheirparents.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中的“‘Duringatimeofstressforfamilies，it'snicetobeabletohelpthemsmileandlaugh，’Parrysaid.‘ThisissomethingpositivethatIcandoforthem，whichiswhatIlikemostaboutit.’”可知，Parry希望他的作品能幫助減輕病人以及他們家人的壓力并振奮他們的情緒，故D項(xiàng)正確。]5．WhatcanwelearnaboutParryfromthelasttwoparagraphsofthepassage?A．Heiseagertoshowothershisnewskills.B．Heenjoystryingnewwaystohelpothers.C．Heislookingforwardtolifeafterretirement.D．Heismoreinterestedinknittingthandrawing.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“he'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillfulintheyearstocome”及最后一段中的“I'vetakenupknitting(編織)”“Butmostly，Ienjoygivingeverythingaway.”可知，Parry找到了新的愛好，他開始編織，并且喜歡把所有編織的東西送給別人，由此可推知，Parry喜歡嘗試新方式來幫助別人，故B項(xiàng)正確。]B(2019·北京卷·B)AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,“Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit？”Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct—CanCandy.AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore'scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.Meanwhile,withherparents'help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy'sprofitstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位少年創(chuàng)業(yè)成功的故事。小女孩AliceMoore面對問題不退縮，想辦法解決問題，經(jīng)過兩年的調(diào)研和多次實(shí)驗(yàn)，最終創(chuàng)業(yè)成功。她也給更多的孩子帶來健康和微笑。6．HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?A．Shearguedwithhim.B．Shetriedtofindawayout.C．Shepaidnoattention.D．Shechosetoconsultdentists.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞warning可直接定位到第二段第五句，該句表示AliceMoore想要解決父親提出的問題，因?yàn)樗辉敢夥艞壪碛锰枪臋C(jī)會(huì)，故B項(xiàng)“她試圖找到解決的辦法”為正確選項(xiàng)。]7．WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?A．Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.B．Itisfreeofsweeteners.C．Itissweeterthanothercandies.D．Itisproducedtoadentists'recipe.A[推理判斷題。CanCandy為語篇的線索性詞匯，它是AliceMoore的公司研發(fā)的新產(chǎn)品。題干是問CanCandy的特別之處，由此定位到第三段第一句，根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容可知，它“既可口又對牙齒無害”，故A項(xiàng)“它有益于牙齒健康”正確。]8．WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?A．Toearnmoremoney.B．Tohelpothersfindsmiles.C．Tomakeherselfstandout.D．Tobeatothercandycompanies.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.”可知，AliceMoore希望每位小朋友都有潔凈的牙齒和燦爛的笑容。B項(xiàng)意為“幫助別人找到笑容”，與原文意思相符。]9．WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?A．Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B．Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.C．Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D．Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.C[推理判斷題。文章介紹了AliceMoore年紀(jì)雖小，但面對問題不退縮，積極思考，想辦法解決問題，勇于創(chuàng)新，最后創(chuàng)業(yè)成功的故事。故C項(xiàng)正確。]C(2018·江蘇卷·B)Inthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse，butwerenonethewiser—theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特)．Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables,crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor,say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.【語篇解讀】本文為議論文。文章介紹了現(xiàn)代餐館面臨的經(jīng)營困境和解決方案，介紹了刺激消費(fèi)和食欲的幾種方法，以及人們對餐廳就餐的一些錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí)。10．Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inParagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere________.A．notawareofeatingmorethanusualB．notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC．notconsciousofthefoodqualityD．notfondofthefoodprovidedA[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段畫線部分的前句“theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse”可知在黑暗中，他們說不清自己吃了多少，再根據(jù)畫線后的句子“theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert”可知，他們雖然吃得很多，但并沒有感覺更飽，仍然在等著吃甜點(diǎn)，所以他們沒有意識(shí)到自己吃多了，所以A正確。]11．Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A．Playingclassicalmusic.B．Introducinglemonscent.C．Makingthelightbrighter.D．Usingplatesoflargersize.A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.”可知，當(dāng)演奏古典音樂而不是流行音樂的時(shí)候，食客們會(huì)花更多的錢。spentmore就是對題干中makemoreprofit的語意轉(zhuǎn)化。故選A項(xiàng)。]12．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.D[段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables,crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.”可知，你認(rèn)為可能會(huì)影響人們消費(fèi)的因素如位置“不好”的桌位、擁擠以及高價(jià)等不一定會(huì)真影響人們的消費(fèi)，然后依次舉例進(jìn)行了證明，所以本段主要講的是人們對于飯店的幾個(gè)誤解，故選D。]D(2017·全國卷Ⅰ·D)Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU．S.DepartmentofAgriculture，it'sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately，youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou，sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired，though，area5′×5′sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic，sixfeetofplastictube，andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.Toconstructaworkingstill，useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethe_water_catcher'sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.Next，covertheholewiththeplasticsheet，securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圓錐體)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover，andnomorethanthreeinchesabove，thecup.Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates(蒸發(fā))andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform，rundownthematerial，andfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull，youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube，andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何自制太陽能蒸餾器以便在野外獲取飲用水。13．Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?A．It'sdelicate. B．It'sexpensive.C．It'scomplex. D．It'sportable.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.”可知，這些東西可以折疊放進(jìn)小包中系在腰帶上，由此可知這一太陽能蒸餾器裝置是“便攜的”，故選D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)中delicate意為“易碎的”，B項(xiàng)中expensive意為“昂貴的”，C項(xiàng)中complex意為“復(fù)雜的”，均不符合文意。]14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inParagraph2referto?A．Thetube. B．Thestill.C．Thehole. D．Thecup.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的描述可知，制作一個(gè)蒸餾器裝置，需要挖一個(gè)四英尺寬、三英尺深的洞，要盡量在潮濕的地方挖洞來提高thewatercatcher的產(chǎn)量，結(jié)合全文可知，提高的應(yīng)該是整個(gè)蒸餾器裝置的生產(chǎn)力，故選B項(xiàng)。本題易誤選D項(xiàng)，結(jié)合全文可知生產(chǎn)力是整個(gè)裝置的而不是作為其中一部分的杯子的。]15．Whatisthelaststepofconstructingaworkingsolarstill?A．Digaholeofacertainsize.B．Putthecupinplace.C．Weightthesheet'scenterdown.D．Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet.C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...weightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock.”可知最后一步是用石塊將塑料板的中心位置壓下去，故選C項(xiàng)。A、B、D三項(xiàng)曲解文意。A項(xiàng)“挖一個(gè)一定尺寸的洞”、B項(xiàng)“把杯子放在正確位置”和D項(xiàng)“用塑料板蓋好洞”均不是制作蒸餾器裝置的最后一步。]16．Whenasolarstillworks，dropsofwatercomeintothecupfrom________.A．theplastictube B．outsidetheholeC．theopenair D．beneaththesheetD[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，地下水蒸發(fā)后在塑料板下方凝結(jié)成水滴，然后墜落到杯子里，故選D項(xiàng)。A、B、C三項(xiàng)曲解文意。根據(jù)最后一段可知，水滴不是從“塑料試管”“洞的外面”或“露天”進(jìn)入到杯子中的。]Ⅰ.寫出所給單詞的漢語意思1．surgeryn．外科手術(shù)2．operationn.手術(shù)；操作3．hand-drawnadj._手繪的4．bandagen.繃帶5．broomn．掃帚6．extremelyadv._非常；極其7．surgeonn.外科醫(yī)生8．sharkn.鯊魚9．neatadj.整潔的；整齊的10．handiworkn．手工(藝)；手工(藝)制品11．consequentlyadv.結(jié)果；所以12．generatev．發(fā)生；使產(chǎn)生13．substituten．替代物14．componentn．成分；部件15．sheetn.薄片；薄板；床單16．dampadj._潮濕的17．suckv.吸吮；吸取Ⅱ.根據(jù)所給漢語寫出英文單詞1．recallv.回憶；回想2．centerv.集中n.中心；中央3．personalityn.個(gè)性；性格4．estimatev.估計(jì)；判斷5．savingsn．儲(chǔ)蓄；存款6．enthusiasticadj.熱心的7．reputationn．名聲；聲譽(yù)；聲望8．sharpadj.鋒利的；強(qiáng)烈的；急劇的9．weightv.加重量于；使變重n．重量；重力Ⅲ.根據(jù)所給提示寫出派生單詞1．retirevi.退休；離開→retirementn．退休；引退→retiredadj.退休的；退役的2．permitvt.&vi.許可；允許；準(zhǔn)許n.通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照→permissionn．許可3．a(chǎn)greevi.同意→disagreevi.不同意→agreementn．協(xié)議；同意，一致4．profitn.利潤；利益→profitableadj.有利可圖的；賺錢的5．producevt.生產(chǎn)→productionn．生產(chǎn)；制造→_producern．生產(chǎn)者；制片人→productn.產(chǎn)品；作品→productivityn．生產(chǎn)力；生產(chǎn)率6．establishv．建立；創(chuàng)立；確立→establishedadj.已確立的→establishmentn．建立；創(chuàng)立；確立7．equipvt.&vi.配備；裝備→equipmentn．設(shè)備(不可數(shù))8．foldv．折疊，對折→unfoldv.展開；打開9．freshadj.新鮮的；清新的；淡水的→refreshv.更新；使……恢復(fù)；使……清新；消除……的疲勞vi.恢復(fù)精神；喝飲料，吃點(diǎn)心；補(bǔ)充給養(yǎng)→refreshmentn.飲料；點(diǎn)心；提神的東西Ⅳ.根據(jù)所給漢語寫出慣用習(xí)語1．burst_into_tears突然哭起來2．kind_of有點(diǎn)兒；有幾分3．make_a_difference有影響；有關(guān)系；起作用4．in_the_years_to_come在即將來臨的幾年里；在未來幾年里5．lift_the_spirits_of振奮……的精神6．be_sick_of厭倦……7．dine_out外出就餐[即時(shí)演練]單句語法填空1．Itis_estimated(estimate)thathehasgoneabroadforfurthereducation.2．Ayearafterhisretirement(retire),hebegantoworkasabusinessman.3．Plansforapeaceconferencefailedduetothedisagreement(agreement)onwhoshouldbeallowedtoattend.Uptonow,theystilldon'tagreewitheachother.4．Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitterwheneverpossible.Ihopemybehaviorswillmake_adifference.5．Timepermitting(permit),Iexpecttotakepartinmoreactivitieswherewecanhaveourfriendshipstrengthened.6．Equipped(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods,theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandtoproducemorecrops.7．Hefoldedhisarmsandloweredhisheadasusualbeforehewasindeepthought.8．Thisfamouscompanyhas_produced(produce)twiceasmanyelectricvehiclesthisyearaslastyear.9．Hearingthebadnewsthattheirsondiedintheearthquake,thecoupleburstintotears.Ⅰ.熟詞生義(寫出句中黑體詞的漢語意思)1．OneofthemoststressfuldaysofSusanMcFrederick'slifewaswatchinghersongetwheeledawayforsurgeryhoursafterhewasbornin2011.用有輪之物推動(dòng)2．Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,“Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit？”避開Ⅱ.似易實(shí)難(將句中黑體詞部分譯成漢語)1．Thesmilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesurgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.[譯文]微笑吸引了診療室每個(gè)人的注意力。然后我決定效仿。2．Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone，customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.[譯文]當(dāng)一個(gè)深色蛋糕用黑盤子而不是白盤子盛著被端上桌時(shí)，顧客們公認(rèn)它更香甜可口。Ⅲ.復(fù)雜晦澀(分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并譯成漢語)1．Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.[分析]Herecommended后是一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞是recommend(建議)，所以that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用shoulddo形式，should可以省略；在that從句中還包含一個(gè)賓語從句whatahealthiercandywouldcontain，作介詞about的賓語。[譯文]他建議她做一些研究，并與牙科醫(yī)生探討一下更健康的糖果會(huì)含有什么成分。2．Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.[分析]本句中，主句為spendtimedoing結(jié)構(gòu)，其中and連接兩個(gè)并列動(dòng)作researching和conducting;that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞arecipe，且在從句中作主語。[譯文]為了得到一個(gè)既美味又對牙齒有益的配方，經(jīng)過父親的允許，她花了兩年時(shí)間進(jìn)行在線調(diào)研和試驗(yàn)。3．Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.[分析]本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句為Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareas，其中不定式短語作后置定語，修飾oneofthebestways；wheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable是定語從句，修飾先行詞areas。[譯文]在不易獲取飲用水的地方，自建太陽能蒸餾器仍是獲得飲用水的最佳方式之一。4．Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.[分析]本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句laythetubeinplace為祈使句；sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，該從句是由and連接的并列句。[譯文]然后把管子放在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?，讓管子的一端完全放在杯子里，剩余部分向上延伸到坑的外部?．inspirev．賦予靈感，啟示，啟迪；激勵(lì)，鼓舞(1)inspirehope/loyalty/enthusiasminsb.燃起某人的希望/喚起某人的忠誠/激發(fā)某人的熱情(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(inspiresb.tosth.,inspiresb.withsth.,inspiresb.todosth.))激勵(lì)某人……(3)inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的；有靈感的inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的(4)inspirationn.靈感beaninspirationtosb.給某人以鼓舞inspireastrongdesirefordiscovery激起強(qiáng)烈的探索欲望listeningtohisinspiringspeech聆聽他鼓舞人心的演講inspireduswithherwillandenthusiasm用她的意志和熱情激勵(lì)我們gaveusnotonlyhopebutalsoinspiration給我們希望和熱情[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Inspired(inspire)bythespeech,thelittlegirlmadeuphermindtoworkevenharder.②Dreamscanberichsourcesofinspiration(inspire)foranartist.③Iwasstruckbyhisinspiring(inspire)words,andIdecidedtomakeeffortstoimprovemyEnglish.④Whatinspiredhimto_give(give)suchabrilliantperformance?[能力提升]——句式升級普通表達(dá)：Otherzoologistswereinspiredbyherexample,theyhavebegunworkingwithapesinthewild.高級表達(dá)：Inspired_by_her_example,otherzoologistshavebegunworkingwithapesinthewild.(過去分詞短語作狀語)2．treatvt.&vi.治療；對待；款待n．款待；招待(1)treatsb.like/as...把某人當(dāng)……看待treatsth.seriously認(rèn)真對待某事/某物treatsb./oneselfto用……款待某人/自己(2)It'smytreat.我請客。(3)treatmentn．治療；處理；對待treatsb.fairly公正地對待某人treatanillness治療疾病thecourseoftreatment療程[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]curev．治愈；治療；改正；解決n．治愈；治療；療法；措施。常用以下搭配：curesb.of治好某人的??；改掉某人的壞習(xí)慣acurefor...……的治療方法；……的解決辦法[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Ifyouthinkthattreating(treat)awomanwellmeansalwaysgettingherpermissionforthings，thinkagain.②NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect，nomatterwhoIthinktheyare.③Afteryearsofregulartreatment(treat),shefinallybecamehealthy.[能力提升]——句式升級普通表達(dá)：Ifthepatientwastreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.①高級表達(dá)：If_treated_in_a_proper_way，thepatientwaslikelytobesaved.(省略句)②高級表達(dá)：Treated_in_a_proper_way，thepatientwaslikelytobesaved.(過去分詞作狀語)3．warnvt.警告；告誡(1)warnsb.of/aboutsth.警告/提醒某人當(dāng)心某事warnsb.againstsb.警告/提醒某人提防某人warnsb.nottodosth.＝warnsb.against(doing)sth.警告某人不做某事(2)warningn．警告；提醒warnusofthecurrentserioussituation提醒我們當(dāng)前的嚴(yán)重形勢warnhimnottowalkonthethinice警告他不要在薄冰上走bewarnedagainstclimbingthemountaininsuchbadweather被警告不要在如此惡劣的天氣登山[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Hewarnedusof/abouttheserioussituationthatwewereconfrontedwith.②Thepolicewarnedtheholidaymakersagainstcarthieves.③We'vejustheardawarning(warn)ontheradiothatatyphoonmaybeonitsway.[能力提升]——一句多譯老師警告我們不要把手機(jī)帶進(jìn)考場。①Theteacherwarned_us_not_tocarrymobilephonesintotheexaminationroom.(not)②Theteacherwarned_us_againstcarryingmobilephonesintotheexaminationroom.(against)4．prefervt.更喜歡；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)(1)prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.寧愿……而不愿……prefer(sb.)todosth.更喜歡(某人)做……(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.,woulddosth.ratherthandosth.,wouldratherdosth.thandosth.))eq\a\vs4\al(寧愿做……,而不愿做……)(3)preferencen．偏愛；優(yōu)先權(quán)；偏愛的事物preferjazztorockmusic喜歡爵士樂遠(yuǎn)勝過搖滾樂prefercoffeeblack更喜歡不加奶的咖啡preferyoutostay想讓你留下來[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①IprefertheschooluniformtothetraditionalChinesedressatthewelcomeceremonynextmonth.②Somepeoplepreferto_do(do)almosteverythingovertheInternet.③IprefermyEnglishclassesto_be_given(give)inEnglishonly.④Peopledevelopapreferenceforaparticularstyleoflearningatanearlyageandthesepreferencesaffectlearning.(prefer)[能力提升]——一句多譯孩子們寧愿騎自行車到鄉(xiāng)下去，也不愿整天待在家里。①Thechildrenpreferredcyclingtothecountrysidetostayingindoorsallday.②Thechildrenpreferredto_cycletothecountrysideratherthanstayindoorsallday.③Thechildrenwouldrathercycletothecountrysidethanstayindoorsallday.④Thechildrenwould_cycletothecountrysideratherthanstayindoorsallday.5．effectn．結(jié)果；效力(1)haveaneffecton/upon對……有影響bring/carry/oeffect實(shí)施；使生效come/gointoeffect開始生效；開始實(shí)施takeeffect生效；開始實(shí)施(2)effectiveadj.有效的(3)affectvt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲beaffectedby被……侵襲；被……感動(dòng)beaffectedwithhighfever發(fā)高燒causeandeffect因果sideeffect副作用takeeffectivesteps采取有效措施haveagreateffectonhundredsofplantsaroundtheworld對世界上數(shù)百種植物物種產(chǎn)生重大影響[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Thenewlawwillcomeintoeffectin2022;surelyitwillhaveaneffectontheindustryofthecountry.②Itwon'tbeeasytoputthechangesintoeffect,sowemustmakeeveryefforttodoit.③Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffective(effect)atlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.④_Affected(affect)withaseriousdisease，hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.[能力提升]——詞匯升級/句式升級普通表達(dá)：Smokingisbadforyourhealth,soyou'dbettergiveitup.①高級表達(dá)：Smokingaffects/has_a_bad_effect_onyourhealth,soyou'dbettergiveitup.②高級表達(dá)：You'd_better_give_up_smoking,_which_affects/has_a_bad_effect_on_your_health.(非限制性定語從句)6．covervt.包含，涉及；覆蓋，掩蓋；行走(路程)；采訪/報(bào)道；占用(一段時(shí)間或空間)；(錢)足以支付n．封面(底)；蓋子[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中cover的含義①Thetalksareexpectedtocoverothertopicstoo.包含；涉及②Lotsofreporterswereassignedtocoverthefootballmatches.報(bào)道；采訪③AsthecapitalcityofChina,Beijingcoversalandof16,000squarekilometerswithapopulationof20million.占用(空間)④Duringthesummercamp,childrenwillbeinstructedbytheteachertocover30milesaday.行走(路程)⑤Doyouhaveenoughtocoverallyourdailyexpenses？足以支付[名師點(diǎn)津]cover(采訪)的對象是“事”，interview(采訪)的對象是“人”。cover...with...用……蓋住……becoveredwith被……覆蓋著(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))becoveredby被……覆蓋(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)coveranareaof...占地面積為……becoveredwithheavysnow被厚厚的積雪覆蓋covertheOlympicevents報(bào)道奧運(yùn)賽事coveranareaof4,000squaremeters占地面積4000平方米[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Thewindblewinfromthedesertandcoveredeverythingwithsand.②Then,covering(cover)herfacewithherhands,shebrokeawayandranquicklyupthestairs.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級這座城市占地面積為7434平方千米，人口大約是10,000,000.①普通表達(dá)：Thecitycovers_an_area_of7,434squarekilometers,andhasapopulationoftenmillion.②高級表達(dá)：Thecityhasapopulationoftenmillion,covering_an_area_of7,434squarekilometers.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)1．Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.自己動(dòng)手建造太陽能蒸餾器是在不方便獲取飲用水的地方獲得飲用水的最好方法之一。[句型公式]此處way后接動(dòng)詞不定式作定語，表示“做……的方法”。(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語常用來修飾ability，chance，opportunity，desire，ambition，offer，anxiety，attempt等抽象名詞。(2)當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或thenext，theonly，thelast等修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作后置定語。[名師點(diǎn)津]way后的定語有三種形式：todo，ofdoing和定語從句。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Theonlywaytosucceed(succeed)atthehighestlevelistohavetotalbeliefthatyouarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.②IfIhaveanyfurthernews,youwillbethefirstpersonto_know(know)it.③Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptsto_contact(contact)youfailed.④Theabilityto_express(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.[能力提升]——完成句子①我是我們學(xué)校第一個(gè)贏得那個(gè)競賽的學(xué)生。I'mthefirststudentinourschoolto_win_the_contest.②對付煤氣中毒的方法是打開門窗讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)來。The_way_to_deal_withbeingpoisonedbythegasistoopenthedoorsandwindowstoletthefreshairin.2．Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.當(dāng)容器滿了的時(shí)候，你可以通過管子把飲料吸出來，而不用每次你需要喝東西的時(shí)候都把蒸餾器拆掉。[句型公式]everytime作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(1)用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞短語還有：themoment,theinstant,theminute,anytime,thenexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,theday等。(2)連詞immediately,directly等引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。[名師點(diǎn)津]thefirsttime用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“第一次……時(shí)”；forthefirsttime是介詞短語，只能用作狀語，意為“第一次”。[金句推送](浙江卷)“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymotherusedtotellme.我媽媽過去常常告訴我“每次吃糖果時(shí)，喝杯綠茶”。[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空①Forexample,themomentyougetontheairplane,startadjustingyourbiologicalclocktothedestination'stime.②IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoiceimmediately(immediate)Ipickedupthephone.③Soinsteadofgivingusanswersimmediately,sheencouragesusto_think(think)carefullyeverytimesheputsforwardquestions.④IknewthatJanewasaquietanddeterminedgirlthefirsttimeIsawherinclass.[能力提升]——完成句子每次他想要放棄的時(shí)候，他都提醒自己要養(yǎng)家糊口。Every_time_he_felt_like_giving_up，heremindedhimselfthathehadafamilytosupport.夯基固本·知識(shí)落實(shí)Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Theteacherinspir