2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3TheworldmeetsChina課時分層作業(yè)3含解析外研版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUnit3TheworldmeetsChina課時分層作業(yè)(九)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWiththeirpipesandlidstoavoidspills，coffeecupshavelongbeenthesubstituteforadults.NowStarbucksisgoingallinontheconceptbyswearingtogetridofstrawsinthenextfewyears—andit'sallforaverygoodreason.Thismoveisananswertoourownpartnersaboutwhatwecandotoreducetheneedforstraws.Notusingastrawisthebestthingwecandofortheenvironment.Inplaceofplasticstraws，Starbucksplanstoofferrecyclablelidsforalliceddrinksandpaperstrawsforcoffee.ThetransitionisalreadytakingplaceinStarbucks'hometownofSeattle，whereabanonplasticstrawswentintoplaceonJuly1.Byrollingthisoutinall28，000oftheirstoresinthenextfewyears，thecompanysaystheyareannuallyremovingmorethanonebillionstrawsfromgoingintocirculation—andpotentiallytheocean.Starbucks'decisiontograduallystopusingsingle-useplasticstrawsisashiningexampleoftheimportantrolethatcompaniescanplayinstoppingthetideofoceanplastic.Witheightmillionmetrictonsofplasticenteringtheoceaneveryyear，wecannotaffordtoletindustrysitonthesidelines.Marinelifehasa50%deathratewhenitswallowsplastic—yetresearchersbelievetherewillbemoreplasticintheoceanthanfishbytheyear2050ifthisrateoflittercontinues.Thatmeanstherecanbeanimmediatepositiveimpactifweswapplasticstrawsforenvironmentallyfriendlyalternatives.ThesmartdesignonthecupforcolddrinkscomesfromStarbucks'in-houseteamofdesignersandhasbeenindevelopmentfortwoyears.However，theannouncementcomesasoutcry(倒彩)increasesoverthedangersthatplasticstrawscancausetomarinelife.Othercompaniesmakingtheeco-friendlyswapalsoannouncedplanslastmonthtotestalternativestoplasticstraws.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了Starbucks提出不運(yùn)用塑料吸管來削減白色污染，愛護(hù)地球的概念。1．WhydoesStarbucksdecidetogetridofplasticstraws?A．Toreduceitscost.B．Tomeetthecustomers'needs.C．Tocreateagreenerplanet.D．Toexpanditsbusinessworldwide.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Notusingastrawisthebestthingwecandofortheenvironment.”可知答案為C。]2．Whatdoestheword“transition”inParagraph2referto?A．Dilemma. B．Change.C．Response. D．Conflict.B[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段第一句可知，這種改變已經(jīng)在Starbucks的發(fā)生，故B項(xiàng)正確。]3．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Starbucksisthrowingawayplasticstrawsforaworthycause.B．Environmentallyfriendlymaterialwillreplaceplasticstraws.C．Scientistsaremakingeffortstosolveoceanplasticpollution.D．AsalespromotionofanewbrandbyStarbucksisbeingdone.A[主旨大意題。本文講解并描述了Starbucks提出不運(yùn)用塑料吸管來削減白色污染，愛護(hù)地球的概念。故A項(xiàng)為最佳答案。]BEveryoceanloverknowsthedangersofgettingcaughtinaripcurrent(離岸流)．Experiencedswimmersknowitisrelativelyeasytoescapethenarrowchannelofthefastmovingwaterbyfloatingandallowingittodragyoufurtherintotheoceanorbyswimmingalongsidetheshore.However，inexperiencedbeachgoersoftenpanic，andtrytoswimtoland，placingthemselvesattheriskofdrowningduetotiredness.AccordingtotheUSNationalOceanService，thecurrentskillabout100Americanseachyearandaccountfor80%ofalllifeguardrescues.Thesescarystatisticsmaysoonbeathingofthepast，thankstoCleverGirl，asmartbuoy(浮標(biāo))thatwarnsswimmersofthepresenceofdeadlyripcurrents.ThesmartdeviceisthebrainchildofAustralianteenagerMaddisonKing，whocreatedCleverGirlasaprojectforherGrade12DesignandTechnologyclass.The18-year-old，whoworksasalifeguardduringhersparetime，cameupwiththebrilliantideaafterdiscoveringthatmostchildrenwereunabletodetectripcurrents.Thebasketball-sizedplasticbuoy，whichcanbeattachedtoachainofsimilardevicesortheoceanfloor，isfittedwithasmallpropeller(螺旋槳)．Whenthewatertravelsatthespeedofover70centimetrespersecond，itspinsthepropellerfastenoughtopowerthelightatopthebuoy，warningswimmerstostayclearofthearea.Thoughitsoundssimpleenough，theyoungsterhadtoovercomenumerousdesignchallenges.Forinstance，shepickedaredlightsinceitiseasytoseeinthebrightsunlightandalsobecausethecolorservesasauniversalwarningsignfortouriststhatdonotspeakthelocallanguage.Thedevice'ssmoothsurfaceandhighhandlesensureswimmersdonotgethurt，whiletheblack，white，andredstripedunderside，keepssharksandotheranimalsatbay.Futureversionsmightincludesomethinglikeawarningsiren，whichwouldprovidesoundwarningsofripcurrents.Besides，thepresentmodelcostsabout$300tomake.“That'sbeyondmypurse，”shelaughs.“Thecosthastobecutdown.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。在海里游泳時，一些缺乏閱歷的游泳者遇到高速的離岸流時經(jīng)常感到恐驚，并試圖游向陸地，最終因疲憊而溺水身亡。受做臨時救生員工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的啟發(fā)，MaddisonKing獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種裝置，能在離岸流達(dá)到肯定速度時發(fā)出預(yù)警，從而使人們避開誤入高速洋流。4．Whichofthefollowingistherightwaytoescapetheripcurrent?A．Waitingforrescues.B．Swimmingtotheshore.C．Movingfastinthewater.D．Floatingwiththewater.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句可知，有閱歷的游泳者知道，通過在快速流淌的水中漂移，讓流水帶著自己流入海洋或沿著海岸游泳是逃離離岸流的有效方法。故選D項(xiàng)。]5．WhydidMaddisondecidetoinventCleverGirl?A．Shewantedtochallengehercreativity.B．Shewasmotivatedbyherworkingexperience.C．Shewassupposedtocompleteitforherclass.D．Shewasscaredbythestatisticsofthegovernment.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，18歲的MaddisonKing在業(yè)余時間做救生員，她發(fā)覺大多數(shù)孩子都無法察覺到離岸流，最終會因?yàn)槠v而使自己處于溺水的危急之中，故B項(xiàng)正確。]6．WhatdoweknowaboutthepresentversionofCleverGirl?A．It'snotavailableonthemarket.B．It'squiteattractiveforseaanimals.C．It'sbasedonacomplextheory.D．Itcangivewarningsindifferentways.A[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段可知，每年大約有100個美國人死于離岸流，但這些可怕的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)可能很快成為過去，這多虧了警告浮標(biāo)裝置——CleverGirl。結(jié)合最終一段可知，這種裝置的成本很高，且未形成成品；據(jù)此可以推斷，其目前樣本還沒有投放市場。故選A項(xiàng)。]7．WhatcouldthefutureversionofCleverGirlbelike?A．Saferandgreener.B．Cheaperandsafer.C．Greenerandmoreeffective.D．Cheaperandmoreeffective.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終兩句可知，這種產(chǎn)品目前的樣本成本大約是300美元，在將來成本可能會下降；依據(jù)最終一段第一句可知，這種產(chǎn)品會更有效。故選D項(xiàng)。]Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Zigfried，alittlemouse，oncelivedhappilyinafarmhousewithhisparents.Theygotalotoffoodfromthekitcheneasily，becausetheownerofthefarmhousewasveryrich.ForZigfriedandhisparents，Christmaswastheirfavorite.Onthatday，theycouldgetlotsofdeliciousfoodthaneverlikechicken，chocolateandcheese.EverytimehisfatherwouldbringabigchickenlegbackforZigfried.ToZigfried，wonderfulfoodwashisChristmas'miracle.Unfortunately，Zigfried'sfatherwascaughtbyacatwhenhewashangingaround.Yearslater，hismotherdiedbecauseofillnessandtheownerofthefarmhousemovedtothecity.HappydayswereawayfromZigfriedfromthenon.Allthethingshadalreadybeenchanged，therewasnofoodanymoreinthefarmhouseandnofamily，andalltheroomswereempty.Newyearwascomingagain，Zigfriedblewhisbreathonthefrostywindowofthefarmhouseandrubbedittoseetheoutside.Stillnobodycame.Maybetoday，hethoughthopefully.ItwasonlyafewdaysbeforeChristmasandhewaswaitingforamiracle.Amiraclelikedtheoldtimes，whichhehasbeenwaitingforalongtime.Thisfarmhousehadbeenemptyfortoolong.Itneededafamily.Zigfried'sstomachmadeanoise.Herealizedthathehadn'teatenanythingsinceyesterday.Hejumpedfromthewindowsill(窗沿)，grabbedabagfromhishome，andwentnextdoortoFarmerMike's.FarmerMike'shousehadbeenagreatplaceforthelittlemouseuntilthefarmermarriedawifewhohadacat.Zigfriedtrembledwhenhethoughtofit.Helookedaroundcautiouslyashestoleintotheroomwheregrainwasstoredandwasquitenervousashefilledhisbagwithwheat.Hewasturningtoleavewhensuddenlyhefeltahotbreathabouthisear.Hisheartbeatwildly，andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunbutthecatkeptchasinghim.Zigfriedwasveryfamiliarwiththehouseandluckilyescapedthecat'spaws(爪子)．留意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：ThenextafternoonZigfriedheardsomegoodnews：Paragraph2：Thehousecamealivethenextfewdays.