高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單（全國版）專題08 語法填空不定式100題（精練） 含答案及解析

【口袋書】專題08語法填空不定式100題（原卷版）（思維導(dǎo)圖+高考細(xì)目表+五年真題+最新模擬）一、【動(dòng)詞不定式思維導(dǎo)圖】二、【動(dòng)詞不定式五年高考真題細(xì)目表】卷別作狀語作賓語作賓補(bǔ)作定語作主語作表語2023新高考I卷whethertobite…2023新高考I卷allowingthemtobelifted2023全國甲卷toteachusedto(be)afraid改錯(cuò)2022新高考I卷toincrease2022新高考II卷toseehowtothank…2022全國甲卷wasunwilling(to)talk改錯(cuò)tojourney2022全國乙卷Tostrengthenpreparing-prepare改錯(cuò)2022北京卷toharm2022浙江1月卷tocontinue2022浙江6月卷tellsyounottodo2022上海7月卷toachieve2022上海1月卷tosee2021新高考II卷toeducate2021全國甲卷towalk2021全國乙卷aimtohave2021浙江6月卷toplant2020全國I卷tofind2020全國II卷easytocare2020全國III卷wasforced(to)eat改錯(cuò)2020北京卷tobreak2019全國II卷toretire2019全國III卷opens-open改錯(cuò)2018全國I卷tosee2018全國II卷toimprove2018全國III卷allowedmetostay三、【動(dòng)詞不定式五年高考真題精選】1.（2023新高考I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.2.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.3.（2023全國甲卷）Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)61(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.4.（2022新高考I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority__________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.5.（2022新高考II卷）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup__________(see)them.6.（2022新高考II卷）Hesavedmyson’slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow__________tothankhim.”7.（2022全國甲卷）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep__________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.8.（2022全國乙卷）__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.9.（2022北京卷）AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention__________(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.10.（2022浙江1月卷）ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans__________(continue)thepractice.11.（2022浙江卷6月卷）Throughtouch,theonethinggallerysignstellyounot__________(do).12.(2022上海7月卷)Interviewingentrepreneursmightprovideinsightintothestepstheytook________(achieve)success.13.(2022上海1月卷)Alaskaisagoodplace________(see)theauuroraborealis,andyoucanalsogotoplaceslikeIceland,Siberia,thenorthofGreenland,Norway,Sweden,andScotland14.（2021新高考II卷）Idecidedtodosomething__________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.15.（2021全國甲卷）Itispossible__________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.16.（2021全國乙卷）KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaim__________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.17.（2021北京卷）Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecouldsafelywaitforthepolice__________(take)herhome.18.（2021浙江卷）Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover__________(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.19.（2020全國I卷）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466__________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.20.（2020全國II卷）Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy__________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.21.（2020全國III卷）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout__________(find)thewell-knownpainter.22.（2020浙江1月卷）Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation-itisaging.Themedian(中位數(shù)的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30;todayitis41andisexpected__________(increase)to42by2050.23．(2020·浙江卷語法填空)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology__________(change)lives.24.（2020北京卷）Ittakesthemhundredsofyears__________(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.25.(2019·全國II卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.26.(2018·全國Ⅰ卷)Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong__________(see)thebenefit.27.(2018·全國II卷)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice__________(improve)waterquality.28.(2018·全國III卷)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme__________(stay)andwatch.29.(2017·全國Ⅰ卷)Theyarerequired__________(process)thefoodthatweeat.30.(2017·全國III卷)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants__________(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.四、【動(dòng)詞不定式模擬試題精選】31．（2022?全國?高三專題練習(xí)）It’smyhonorto________(invite)togocyclingalongsidewithyouintheforestparkthisweekend.32．（2023?全國?高三專題練習(xí)）Hecontactedthedriver,only________(discover)itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.33．（2022?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）TheInstitutespendsalotoftime_____(think)hardabouthow____(boost)Americanproductivity.34．（2023?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Scientistsclaimed__________(make)amajorbreakthroughinthefightagainstcancerinthepastthreemonths.35．（2022?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Becausehisfamilycouldn’tafford________(pay)theschoolfees,hehadtodropoutofschoolatanearlyage.36．（2021?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thebookissaidto________(translate)intomanylanguagesinthelastdecade.37．（2023秋?高三單元測試）SpendingtoomuchtimeonlinemakesithardforTom________(sleep)well.38．（2023春?河南南陽?高三階段練習(xí)）—Thelastone_____________(arrive)paysforthemeal.—Agreed!39．（2023春?全國?高三期末）Hewaslateagain.It’stypicalofhim________(keep)everybodywaiting.40．（2023春?全國?高三期末）Difficultastheproblemwas________(overcome),theykeptonseekingforpossiblesolutionsinsteadofgivinguphope.41．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Shemakes________aruletoriseearlyeverymorning,takeahotbathandgooutforawalk.42．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Allthishashappenedbecauseyoucouldn’tbebothered________(give)methemessage.43．（2023春?高三?？紗卧獪y試）Heprefers_________(die)ratherthangive(give)intotheenemy.44．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thebookandthefilmreallyshowhowimportantitisforhumans___________(protect)theenvironment.45．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Standingonthetopofthemountain,wewouldnotdoanythingbut________(enjoy)theflowingofthecloudsaroundme.46．（2023春?廣西欽州?高三階段練習(xí)）Wehavenochoicebut________(embrace)itandregulateit.47．（2021秋?廣東?高三階段練習(xí)）Iwokeupinthemorning,only____________(find)theoutsideworldgreatlychanged.48．（2020秋?廣東揭陽?高三統(tǒng)考）Ittookhimalongtime________(acquire)theskillsheneededtobecomeaprofessionalartist.49．（2021春?廣東江門?高三階段練習(xí)）________(earn)aliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.50．（2023秋?全國?高三專題練習(xí)）Itwasverygenerousofyou________(lend)yourmotorbiketomeyesterday.51．（2020秋?廣東佛山?高三統(tǒng)考）Whatshetriestoachieveis_________(prepare)herselfforuniversity.52．（2022秋?陜西西安?高三階段練習(xí)）Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantsthatwasentirely______(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.53．（2023秋?高三單元測試）Shortlyafter,hemanaged_____(return)tohisfilmcareerbydirecting,producingandevenstarringinfilms.54．（2023秋?全國?高三專題練習(xí)）Threeyearsago,Ihadanopportunity________(go)toNewYorkandstudy,butImissedit.55．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Dianaused______(drive)towork,butnowsheisusedto______(walk)becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.56．（2023春?甘肅金昌?高三?？迹㏕uYouyouwasthefirstChinesefemalescientist________(award)aNoblePrizeforherwork.57．（2023?全國?高三假期作業(yè)）Hepersuadedher________(go)toschool,eventhoughshedidnotwantto.58．（2023秋?高三課前預(yù)習(xí)）Ineverfeltanurge________(learn)anysignlanguagebefore.59．（2023?全國?高三假期作業(yè)）Whatcomesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone’sideasdeserve________(consider)．60．（2023春?江蘇揚(yáng)州?高三統(tǒng)考）Chinesekites,usingsimplematerialssuchaswoodandcloth,wereoftenmade__________(feature)theshapesofbirds.61．（2023春?江蘇淮安?高三統(tǒng)考）Thatmorning,IturnedontheTVforsomelocalnews,only______(hear)thatahurricanewasonitsway.62．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）ThereisnothingIcando________(change)mylife,though.Ibelievethislifebelongtomyown.63．（2023春?重慶?高三校考）Thisexperimentenabledscientists__________(prove)thatdespitetheirpoorlydevelopedsmalleyes,batsstillcanseeduringtheday.64．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Don’tletthechildwhoisnotoldenough________(go)swimmingalone.65．（2021春?廣東揭陽?高三階段練習(xí)）Whenpeopletalkedaboutthenewfilm,Jackjoinedthemandpretended________(see)thefilm.66．（2021春?廣東湛江?高三階段練習(xí)）WhenIheardthisexcitingnews,Icouldn’twait________(run)totellmyparents.67．（2023春?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Woulditbeconvenientforyou________(leave)tomorrow?68．（2023春?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Everyindividualhasarole________(play)inenvironmentalprotection.69．（2023春?廣東東莞?高三統(tǒng)考期末）In2013,spacewomanWangYapingbecameChina’sfirstteacher________(give)lessonsinspace.70．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Withsomuchwork________(do),Ishallnotbeabletogotothecinemawithyou.71．（2022?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygen________(get)toyourmusclesandyourbrain.72．（2023春?山東濟(jì)寧?高三統(tǒng)考期中）Thepurposeofbasiceducationis_________(develop)afinepersonalityinallchildren.73．（2023?全國?高三假期作業(yè)）_________________(obtain)herdegree,sheanswered81questionsonover10papers.74．（2023春?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Ifyougetintotrouble,pleasedon’thesitate__________(inform)meatonce.75．（2023春?江蘇揚(yáng)州?高三?？迹〩eissaid________(write)anewbookaboutmigrantworkers,whichiswellreceivedamongreaders.76．（2022?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）________(boost)theeconomyofthesuburb,thegovernmenthasinvitedmanyfamouscompaniestobuildfactoriesthere.77．（2023春?黑龍江哈爾濱?高三階段練習(xí)）________(catch)theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.78．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Someappsallowstudents________(choose)theironlineteachersandsubjectsbasedontheirpersonalinterestsandneeds.79．（2022秋?廣東茂名?高三校考）How________(protect)ourenvironmenthasbecomeoneofthemostdifficultissuesintheworld.80．（2023春?全國?高三期末）Thestudentwillneverforgetthosedayswhenseveralsoldierstookturns________(look)afterhimafterthedisaster.81．（2022秋?河南平頂山?高階段練習(xí)）Whichdoyouenjoy______(spend)yourcomingweekend,goingtouringorstayingathome?82．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Ihadintended________(catch)theearlytrain,butIdidn’tgetupontime.83．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Peoplearelikely________(suffer)frombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforethecomputerlonghours.84．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Assoonashearriveshomeafterschool,hesetsout________(revise)whathehaslearntinclass.85．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thedeskclerkwasmade________(leave)thecompanybecauseofherfrequentabsencefromwork.86．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thecountryshouldmakeaneffort________________(build)anenvironmentwhichisbeneficialtothegrowthoftheeconomy.87．（2023春?高三?？紗卧獪y試）Thefinalexaminationisdrawingnear,sowehavenochoicebut________(focus)onourstudies.88．（2023春?高三?？紗卧獪y試）_________(tell)thetruth,Itakenointerestinplayingfootballatall.89．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）ThismorningAlicewasabout________(go)outwhenthedooropenedandincamesomestrangers.90．（2023春?廣東梅州?高三期末）Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal______(achieve).91．（2022秋?陜西西安?高三?？迹㎝anybadhabitsaredifficult______(cure)becausetheyarelikelytohavebeenformedataveryyoungage.92．（2023春?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Weregret_________________(tell)youthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.93．（2023?全國?高三假期作業(yè)）Shedeclined________(have)dinnerwithusbecauseshehadsomethingtoattendto.94．（2023?全國?高三假期作業(yè)）Mr.Crossettwasmade___________(give)uphisteachingbecauseofhispoorhealthandoldage.95．（2023春?陜西西安?高三校考）Consideringthathedidn’thavethepotential________(conduct)theresearchwell,thebossfiredhim.96．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Clairehadforcedmetomakethepromise________(tell)herthetruth.97．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Shewasabout_______(leave)thehousewhenthedoorbellrang.98．（2023春?福建三明?高三統(tǒng)考期末）Shebecamethefirstwomanever________(serve)asaresidentphysicianinthehospital.99．（2023春?黑龍江哈爾濱?高三?？计谀〢saresponsiblecitizen,youarebound______(follow)thelawsofyourcountry.100．（2023春?全國?高三假期作業(yè)）MrZhangdoeswhathecan________(help)usimproveourEnglish.

【口袋書】專題08語法填空不定式100題（解析版）（思維導(dǎo)圖+高考細(xì)目表+五年真題+最新模擬）一、【動(dòng)詞不定式思維導(dǎo)圖】二、【動(dòng)詞不定式五年高考真題細(xì)目表】卷別作狀語作賓語作賓補(bǔ)作定語作主語作表語2023新高考I卷whethertobite…2023新高考I卷allowingthemtobelifted2023全國甲卷toteachusedto(be)afraid改錯(cuò)2022新高考I卷toincrease2022新高考II卷toseehowtothank…2022全國甲卷wasunwilling(to)talk改錯(cuò)tojourney2022全國乙卷Tostrengthenpreparing-prepare改錯(cuò)2022北京卷toharm2022浙江1月卷tocontinue2022浙江6月卷tellsyounottodo2022上海7月卷toachieve2022上海1月卷tosee2021新高考II卷toeducate2021全國甲卷towalk2021全國乙卷aimtohave2021浙江6月卷toplant2020全國I卷tofind2020全國II卷easytocare2020全國III卷wasforced(to)eat改錯(cuò)2020北京卷tobreak2019全國II卷toretire2019全國III卷opens-open改錯(cuò)2018全國I卷tosee2018全國II卷toimprove2018全國III卷allowedmetostay三、【動(dòng)詞不定式五年高考真題精選】1.（2023新高考I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.答案:tobite。解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：吃小籠包的時(shí)候，你必須要決定是先咬一個(gè)小口流出湯汁，還是把整個(gè)小籠包放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上爆炸。decidetodosth.“決定做某事”，用不定式作賓語，空處與后面toput并列作賓語，故填tobite。2.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.答案：tobelifted。解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有一個(gè)精致的，可以讓它們從蒸籠籃中拿出來，而不會(huì)撕裂或溢出里面的東西。根據(jù)搭配allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事”可知，空格需用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，補(bǔ)足語liftout與賓語them（指代小籠包）是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，空格需填動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式tobelifted。故填tobelifted。3.（2023全國甲卷）Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)61(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.答案：toteach。解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：幾千年來，人們通過講寓言來傳授知識(shí)或傳授智慧。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“來傳授知識(shí)和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的狀語。故填toteach。4.（2022新高考I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority__________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.答案:toincrease解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，做目的狀語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的不定式的形式。故填toincrease。5.（2022新高考II卷）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup__________(see)them.答案:tosee解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：過了一會(huì)兒，艾瑞克聽到孩子們?cè)谕饷嫱嫠５穆曇?，醒了過來。他把一把椅子推到陽臺(tái)上，爬上去看他們。句中的climbup為謂語動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，他要爬到陽臺(tái)去看他們（外面玩鬧的孩子們。），故應(yīng)該使用todo不定式作目的狀語。故填tosee。6.（2022新高考II卷）Hesavedmyson’slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow__________tothankhim.”答案:how解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我不知道如何去感謝他。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處填寫的是特殊疑問詞+todo不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。根據(jù)句意，how意為“如何”，符合句意。故填how。7.（2022全國甲卷）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep__________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.答案:tojourney解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動(dòng)詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填tojourney。8.（2022全國乙卷）__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.答案:Tostrengthen解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請(qǐng)了來自世界各地的49名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行56小時(shí)不間斷的直播。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系”，需要用不定式作目的狀語。故填Tostrengthen。9.（2022北京卷）AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention__________(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.答案:toharm解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：海倫擔(dān)心他可能有意傷害她，便開始快跑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式，haveanintentiontodosth.意為“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定語。故填toharm。10.（2022浙江1月卷）ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans__________(continue)thepractice.答案:tocontinue解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他打算繼續(xù)這個(gè)實(shí)踐。動(dòng)詞plan后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式，plantodosth“計(jì)劃做”，故填tocontinue。11.（2022浙江卷6月卷）Throughtouch,theonethinggallerysignstellyounot__________(do).答案:todo解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：通過觸摸，這是畫廊招牌告訴你不要做的一件事。tellsbnottodosth“告訴某人不要做某事”為固定短語。故填todo。12.(2022上海7月卷)Interviewingentrepreneursmightprovideinsightintothestepstheytook________(achieve)success.答案:toachieve解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，企業(yè)家所采取的步驟是為了獲得成功，所以這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。而且根據(jù)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞mightprovide判定空格處的動(dòng)詞為非謂語動(dòng)詞。故填入toachieve。句意:采訪企業(yè)家可能會(huì)讓你了解他們?nèi)〉贸晒λ扇〉牟襟E。13.(2022上海1月卷)Alaskaisagoodplace________(see)theauuroraborealis,andyoucanalsogotoplaceslikeIceland,Siberia,thenorthofGreenland,Norway,Sweden,andScotland答案:tosee解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)句子謂語動(dòng)詞is判定空格處提示動(dòng)詞是非謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，而此處考查的是句式:(It+is+a/an+名詞+to+do+sth.)，故填入tosee句意:阿拉斯加是觀賞北極光的好地方。14.（2021新高考II卷）Idecidedtodosomething__________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.答案:toeducate解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我決定做一些事情來教育人們這個(gè)問題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，__________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.用作目的狀語，用不定式，所以填toeducate。15.（2021全國甲卷）Itispossible__________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.答案:towalk解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在觀察了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備后，我們決定是時(shí)候采取行動(dòng)了，還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處為句型“it+be+adj+todosth.”，it為形式主語，動(dòng)詞walk的不定式短語作真正主語。故填towalk。16.（2021全國乙卷）KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaim__________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.答案:tohave解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：那里的活動(dòng)從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對(duì)自然環(huán)境影響達(dá)到很小。固定短語aimtodo譯為“旨在，目的是”。故填tohave。17.（2021北京卷）Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecouldsafelywaitforthepolice__________(take)herhome.答案:totake解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：研究結(jié)果表明，急需投資于災(zāi)害預(yù)防。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示waitforsbtodo表示“等待某人做某事”。故填totake。18.（2021浙江卷）Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover__________(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.答案:toplant解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：瑪麗的妹妹弗朗西絲?托德?華萊士經(jīng)常來前院種花。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作狀語；根據(jù)句意可知，此處是目的狀語；目的狀語用動(dòng)詞不定式表示；提示詞plant的不定式形式為toplant。故填toplant。19.（2020全國I卷）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466__________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.答案:tofind解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：中國的研究者希望使用嫦娥四號(hào)上的設(shè)備來發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究南極艾特肯盆地。此處表示目的，應(yīng)使用不定式作目的狀語。故填tofind。20.（2020全國II卷）Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy__________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.答案:tocare解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它們很容易照顧，也很適合作為禮物。這里考查“be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填tocare。21.（2020全國III卷）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout__________(find)thewell-knownpainter.答案:tofind解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：第二天早上，他租了一條船，出發(fā)去找這位著名的畫家。結(jié)合句意表示“出發(fā)去做某事”短語為setouttodosth.，后跟不定式做目的狀語。故填tofind。22.（2020浙江1月卷）Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation-itisaging.Themedian(中位數(shù)的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30;todayitis41andisexpected__________(increase)to42by2050.答案:toincrease解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意同上。根據(jù)短語beexpectedtodosth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填toincrease。23．(2020·浙江卷語法填空)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology__________(change)lives.答案:tochange解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：農(nóng)業(yè)讓人們第一次體驗(yàn)到技術(shù)改變生活的力量。分析句子，簡單句中已有動(dòng)詞gave故提示詞部分需用非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句意，此處需用不定式作定語。故填tochange。24.（2020北京卷）Ittakesthemhundredsofyears__________(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.答案:tobreak解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它們用幾百年的時(shí)間才分解。固定句型Ittakessb./sth.+一段時(shí)間+todosth.（花某人/物多長時(shí)間干某事），此處用動(dòng)詞不定式（todo）作真正主語，It形式主語。故填tobreak。25.(2019·全國II卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.答案:toretire解析：考查不定式作定語。此處用todosth.作后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞plan，表示“……的計(jì)劃”，故填toretire。26.(2018·全國Ⅰ卷)Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong__________(see)thebenefit.答案:tosee解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你沒有必要跑的很快或長時(shí)間跑去看（它的）好處。根據(jù)語義，“seethebenefit”是表示目的關(guān)系。故填tosee。27.(2018·全國II卷)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice__________(improve)waterquality.答案:toimprove解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：政府鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民不去種水稻而是種植玉米是為了改善水質(zhì)。根據(jù)語義，這里(improve)waterquality是表示目的。故填toimprove。28.(2018·全國III卷)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme__________(stay)andwatch.答案:tostay解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一旦他的信息被發(fā)送了，他允許我待在那里觀看。根據(jù)allowsbtodo固定結(jié)構(gòu)可知，故填tostay。29.(2017·全國Ⅰ卷)Theyarerequired__________(process)thefoodthatweeat.答案:toprocess解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們被要求去加工處理我們所吃的食物。requiresb/sthtodo是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，故填toprocess。30.(2017·全國III卷)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants__________(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.答案:toprove解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：但是，已經(jīng)和頂尖模特參加各種表演的Sarah想去證明她既有美貌也有大腦。動(dòng)詞want后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，故填toprove。四、【動(dòng)詞不定式模擬試題精選】31．（2022?全國?高三專題練習(xí)）It’smyhonorto________(invite)togocyclingalongsidewithyouintheforestparkthisweekend.答案：beinvited解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我很榮幸這個(gè)周末能被邀請(qǐng)和你一起去森林公園騎自行車。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，設(shè)空處與空前的to構(gòu)成不定式，動(dòng)詞invite與其邏輯主語（說話人）“我”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處用不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)tobeinvited。故填beinvited。32．（2023?全國?高三?？紝ｎ}練習(xí)）Hecontactedthedriver,only________(discover)itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.答案：todiscover解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他聯(lián)系了司機(jī)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)箱子里有400英鎊的鈔票，旁邊還有50英鎊的零錢。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，已有謂語動(dòng)詞contacted，空處需填動(dòng)詞不定式，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，用onlytodo，且邏輯主語he和discover是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填todiscover。33．（2022?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）TheInstitutespendsalotoftime_____(think)hardabouthow____(boost)Americanproductivity.答案：thinking，toboost解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：該研究所花了很多時(shí)間認(rèn)真思考如何提高美國的生產(chǎn)力。首先看空格一，句中涉及固定短語“spendsometime(in)doingsth.”，意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，句中應(yīng)用“think”的動(dòng)名詞“thinking”作賓語；再看空格二，句中涉及“特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，作“about”的賓語，故空格二應(yīng)用“toboost”。故填thinking;toboost。34．（2023?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Scientistsclaimed__________(make)amajorbreakthroughinthefightagainstcancerinthepastthreemonths.答案：tohavemade解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：科學(xué)家們宣稱在過去的三個(gè)月里他們?cè)诠タ税┌Y方面已有重大的突破。claim在此表示“聲稱,宣稱”，后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語；根據(jù)句中的inthepastthreemonths可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式的完成式。故填tohavemade。35．（2022?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Becausehisfamilycouldn’tafford________(pay)theschoolfees,hehadtodropoutofschoolatanearlyage.答案：topay解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：因?yàn)榧依锔恫黄饘W(xué)費(fèi)，他不得不在很小的時(shí)候就輟學(xué)了。分析句子可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語affordtodo“負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事”，滿足句意要求。故填topay。36．（2021?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thebookissaidto________(translate)intomanylanguagesinthelastdecade.答案：havebeentranslated解析：考查非謂語。句意：據(jù)說，這本書在過去的十年里，已經(jīng)被翻譯成了很多種語言。根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處為besaidtodo形式，故此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞do，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語inthelastdecade可知，此處應(yīng)用todo的完成時(shí)，且thebook與translate之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填havebeentranslated。37．（2023秋?高三單元測試）SpendingtoomuchtimeonlinemakesithardforTom________(sleep)well.答案：tosleep解析：考查不定式。句意：花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)使得湯姆很難睡好。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知it作形式賓語，此處為固定結(jié)構(gòu)“makeit+adj.+forsb.+todosth.”，故填tosleep。38．（2023春?河南南陽?高三階段練習(xí)）—Thelastone_____________(arrive)paysforthemeal.—Agreed!答案：toarrive解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：——最后一個(gè)到達(dá)的人付餐費(fèi)。——同意！分析句子可知，one前有thelast修飾，常用todo不定式做后置定語，故填toarrive。39．（2023春?全國?高三期末）Hewaslateagain.It’stypicalofhim________(keep)everybodywaiting.答案：tokeep解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他又遲到了。他總是讓大家等著。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定句型：itisadjofsbtodosth意為“某人做某事真是太怎么樣了”。故填tokeep。40．（2023春?全國?高三期末）Difficultastheproblemwas________(overcome),theykeptonseekingforpossiblesolutionsinsteadofgivinguphope.答案：toovercome解析：考查不定式。句意：盡管問題很難克服，但他們繼續(xù)尋求可能的解決方案，而不是放棄希望。前半句為as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，還原應(yīng)為Astheproblemwasdifficult，所以設(shè)空處接在形容詞后，一般為不定式作原因狀語，故填toovercome。41．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Shemakes________aruletoriseearlyeverymorning,takeahotbathandgooutforawalk.答案：it解析：考查it作形式賓語。句意：她給自己定下規(guī)矩：每天清晨早起，洗一個(gè)熱水澡，然后出去散步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為“makeitaruletodosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“把做某事當(dāng)做一種規(guī)矩”，其中it為形式賓語，“toriseearlyeverymorning,takeahotbathandgooutforawalk”是真正的賓語，“arule”為賓補(bǔ)。故填it。42．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Allthishashappenedbecauseyoucouldn’tbebothered________(give)methemessage.答案：togive解析：考查bother的用法。句意：就是因?yàn)槟阆勇闊]通知我，才出了這事。can’tbebotheredtodosth.表示“懶得做某事”。故填togive。43．（2023春?高三校考單元測試）Heprefers_________(die)ratherthangive(give)intotheenemy.答案：todie解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：他寧死也不向敵人投降。prefertodoAratherthandoB意為“寧愿做A也不愿做B”，為固定搭配，所以此處應(yīng)用todo不定式作賓語。故填todie。44．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Thebookandthefilmreallyshowhowimportantitisforhumans___________(protect)theenvironment.答案：toprotect解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：這本書和這部電影真正展示了保護(hù)環(huán)境對(duì)人類的重要性。it為show之后賓語從句的形式主語，故本空用不定式toprotect構(gòu)成短語作真正的主語。故填toprotect。45．（2023秋?高三課時(shí)練習(xí)）Standingonthetopofthemountain,wewouldnotdoanythingbut________(enjoy)theflowingofthecloudsaroundme.答案：enjoy解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：站在山頂上，我們什么也不想做，只是欣賞我周圍的云的流動(dòng)。此處考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)notdoanythingbutdo=donothingbutdo表示“只得做某事”，此結(jié)構(gòu)中but前有do后無to，即but后的動(dòng)詞使用動(dòng)詞原形，也叫做省略to的不定式。故填enjoy。46．（2023春?廣西欽州?高三階段練習(xí)）Wehavenochoicebut________(embrace)itandregulateit.答案：toembrace解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們別無選擇，只能接受并規(guī)范它。havenochoicebuttodosth.為固定短語，意為“除……外別無他法”，空處需填動(dòng)詞不定式。故填toembrace。47．（2021秋?廣東?高三階段練習(xí)）Iwokeupinthemorning,only____________(find)theoutsideworldgreatlychanged.答案：tofind解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：我早上醒來，才發(fā)現(xiàn)外面的世界發(fā)生了很大的變化。分析句子可知，此處為only+動(dòng)詞不定式todo，為onlytodosth.放在句尾，作結(jié)果狀語，表示沒有預(yù)料的結(jié)果，有時(shí)含有某種感情色彩。故填tofind。48．（2020秋?廣東揭陽?高三統(tǒng)考）Ittookhimalongtime________(acquire)theskillsheneededtobecomeaprofessionalartist.答案：toacquire解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他花了很長時(shí)間才掌握成為一名專業(yè)藝術(shù)家所需的技能。此處是固定句型Ittakessb.timetodosth.“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間”，it是形式主語，不定式是真正的主語。故填toacquire。49．（2021春?廣東江門?高三階段練習(xí)）________(earn)aliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.答案：Toearn解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了謀生，一些人在唐人街開了商店和餐館。openedup是謂語動(dòng)詞，空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填Toearn。50．（2023秋?全國?高三專題練習(xí)）Itwasverygenerousofyou________(lend)yourmotorbiketomeyesterday.答案：tolend解析：考查固定句型和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你昨天把摩托車借給我，真是太慷慨了。根據(jù)句中謂語動(dòng)詞“was”可知，空處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；在固定句型Itbe+adj.for/ofsbtodosth（對(duì)某人來說，做某事是……的）中，It為形式主語，真正的主語應(yīng)為后面的不定式，故空處應(yīng)用不定式。故填tolend。51．（2020秋?廣東佛山?高三統(tǒng)考）Whatshetriestoachieveis_________(prepare)herselfforuniversity.答案：toprepare解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：她努力實(shí)現(xiàn)的是為上大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞不定式作表語。故填toprepare。52．（2022秋?陜西西安?高三階段練習(xí)）Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantsthatwasentirely______(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.答案：toblame解析：考查固定搭配。句意：實(shí)驗(yàn)室里發(fā)生的事情完全該歸咎于教授，而不是他的助手們。分析句子可知，此處為固定搭配betoblamefor“因?yàn)椤瓚?yīng)受責(zé)備”，滿足句意要求。故填toblame。53．（2023秋?高三單元測試）Shortlyafter,hemanaged_____(