江西省新余市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷 （解析版）

新余市2023-2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)試題考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分第一卷選擇題部分第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.TurnofftheTV.B.Studywiththewoman.C.Watchamovie.2.Howoldisthewomannow?A.20yearsold.B.45yearsold.C.65yearsold.3.Whatissmallforthewoman?A.TheT-shirt.B.Thehat.C.Theskirt.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thefilmisterrible.B.Thefilmcanbeseenonline.C.Thefilmisworththemoney.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahospital.C.Atadrugstore.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?A.It’sreallyverysmall.B.Ithascolorfulnightlife.C.It’snotexpensivetolivethere.7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman’shometown?A.Sunny.B.Cold.C.Wet.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whattimewastheplaneoriginallyscheduledtoleave?A.At3:00.B.At4:00.C.At5:00.9.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Theweatherisbad.B.Thereportisnotfinished.C.Anappointmentwillbedelayed.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoestheman’sbrothergototheman’splace?A.Tostudy.B.Towork.C.Totravel.11.Wheredoesthemanworkinthemorning?AAtauniversity.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atabookstore.12.Whatlanguageisthewomanstarting?A.French.B.Spanish.C.Japanese.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whatjobtodointhefuture.B.Whichprofessortofollow.C.Whatabilitiestopossess.14.Whatsubjectdoesthemanprobablyprefer?A.History.B.Politics.C.Art.15.Whatdothewoman’sparentsexpecthertobe?A.Arestaurantmanager.B.Apolitician.C.Ateacher.16Whatisthewomangoodatdoing?A.Dealingwithpeople.B.Workingwithkids.C.Paintingpictures.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?A.Theypaidforthehousing.B.Theyboughtfoodandclothes.C.Theysentthemtotheirfamilies.18.Whatwasanurse’smainduty?A.Cookingmeals.B.Lookingafterchildren.C.Educatingchildren.19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?A.Cruelly.B.Kindly.C.Strictly.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?A.Lowerclassfamilies.B.Upperclasschildren’ssituation.C.Comparisonsbetweenupperandlowerclasses.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheUltimateGuidetoSussexSussexoffersbeautifulcountryside,charmingseasidetownsandsomeofthebestvineyards(葡萄園)intheUK.PlanyourSussexgetawaywithourultimateguide.Monk’sHousePutyourNationalTrustmembershiptogoodusewithavisittoMonk’sHousepurchasedbyVirginiaandherhusbandLeonardWoolfin1919.Virginiawrotemanyofhermostcelebratedworksatthehouse,includingtheessayARoomofOne’sOwn.Admiretheweather-boardedcottage’sbeautifulantiques,seeminglyuntouchedsince1969,whenLeonarddied.BeachyHeadCometoBeachyHeadandyou’llbegreetedbyoneofthemostsplendidcoastalstretchesinallofBritain.ItofferssuperbviewsofEastbourneandtheEnglishChannelfrom530feetabovethewater.Springthroughautumnarethebesttimestovisit.LookoutfortheBeachyHeadMarathon,whichtakesplaceeveryOctober.There’sapayanddisplaycarpark,apub,toiletfacilitiesand,duringsummer,thewelcomesightofanice-creamtruck.TheLongManofWilmingtonOnthegrassygroundofWindoverHill—a235-footfigureknownastheLongManhasbeenhereforcenturies.ArchaeologicalresearchersbelieveTheLongManofWilmingtonactuallydatestoaroundthe16thcentury.Ifyou’refeelingactive,hikefromTheLongManofWilmingtontoEastSussex’sotherchalk-carvedfigure,theLitlingtonWhiteHorse.LewesThistownisjusttherightsizetoexploreinaday,thoughdoconsiderstayingovernighttomakegooduseofthelocalrestaurants,pubsandwinebars.LewesisoneofthebestplacestoshopinSussexwithadelightfulmixofindependent,antiqueandhighstreetbrands.Ifyou’revisitingduringsummer,packyourbathersforavisittoPellsPool,theoldestknownfreshwaterswimmingpoolintheUK.You’llneedtopre-bookasession.1.Inwhichplacemayvisitorswitnessasportsevent?A.Monk’sHouse. B.BeachyHead.C.TheLongManofWilmington. D.Lewes.2.WhatshouldvisitorsdobeforegoingtoPellsPool?A.Bookinadvance. B.Applyformembership.C.Contactalocallifeguard. D.Learnfromexperiencedbathers.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducespecialexhibitsinSussex. B.ToshowuswheretostayinSussex.C.TotelluswhattoexploreinSussex. D.ToadvertisethecomingeventsinSussex.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了蘇塞克斯最值得游覽的旅游景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BeachyHead中“LookoutfortheBeachyHeadMarathon,whichtakesplaceeveryOctober.(請(qǐng)留意每年十月舉行的BeachyHead馬拉松比賽。)”可知，游客可以在BeachyHead觀看體育賽事。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lewes中“Ifyou’revisitingduringsummer,packyourbathersforavisittoPellsPool,theoldestknownfreshwaterswimmingpoolintheUK.You’llneedtopre-bookasession.(如果你是在夏天去，帶著你的游泳用品去參觀Pells游泳池，這是英國(guó)最古老的淡水游泳池。你需要提前預(yù)約。)”可知，游客在去Pells游泳池之前，要提前預(yù)約。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段“Sussexoffersbeautifulcountryside,charmingseasidetownsandsomeofthebestvineyards(葡萄園)intheUK.PlanyourSussexgetawaywithourultimateguide.(蘇塞克斯擁有美麗的鄉(xiāng)村、迷人的海濱小鎮(zhèn)和一些英國(guó)最好的葡萄園。與我們的終極指南一起計(jì)劃您的蘇塞克斯之旅。)”可知，本文主要介紹了蘇塞克斯最值得游覽的旅游景點(diǎn)，所以其目的是告訴我們?cè)谔K塞克斯有什么值得探索的。故選C項(xiàng)。BKatyaEchazarretarecentlymadehistoryasthefirstMexican-bornAmericanwomanandoneoftheyoungestwomenevertoflytospace—alifelongdreamshewasabletoaccomplishatonly26yearsold.OnJune4,JeffBezos’BlueOriginrocketcarrieditsfifthgroupofpassengerstotheedgeofspaceandKatyagotanopportunitytoapplyforoneofthesixseatsthroughanonprofitcalledSpaceforHumanity.Thepreviousflightshadbeenallfilledtocapacity.Theorganization’sgoalistosendpassengerstospaceandallowthemtoexperiencethe“overvieweffect”,aphenomenonastronautshavedescribedafterlookingdownattheEarthfromtheoutside.“Theyrecognizethat,ashumans,ourcommonalitiesfaroutweighourdifferences,”SpaceforHumanitysaysonitswebsite.Katya,anelectricalengineeroriginallyfromGuadalajara,Mexico,wasselectedforthetripfromapoolof7,000applicantsfrommorethan100countriesbasedonheroutstandingachievementsinthespaceindustry,andthismettheirrequirement—sending“exceptionalleaders”toexperience.Aftergoingthroughtraining,sheandherfivefellowpassengerstookofffromBlueOrigin’slaunchfacilityinWestTexas.Thespacecrafttookthem62milesabovetheEarth’ssurface,givingthemafewminutesofweightlessnessbeforeadescent(下降)backtoaparachutelanding.“Thetripupwasthemostfascinatingexperiencebecausealotofusareusedtotravelinghorizontally.Butwhenyou’reinarocket,you’regoingupvertically(垂直地)andthatfeelsverystrange,”Echazarretasaid.“SeeingtheEarthfromtheoutside,Ifeelitreallyputsthingsintoperspective.Everythingthatwe’veeverexperienced—allofyourproblems,andallofyourobstacles—andeverythingthatfeelsliketheendoftheworldtoussometimes,areallthere.Itfeelssobigtous,andyetit’snot,becauseIjustleftinamatterofminutes.”4.WhatcanweknowaboutJeffBezos’BlueOriginrocket?A.Ithasmadehistoryinspaceexploration. B.Itonlyprovidesseatsfortheyoung.C.Ithelpswomentorealizetheirdream. D.Ithasflownabout30passengerstospace.5.WhatdoesSpaceforHumanityaimtodo?A.Promotethedevelopmentofspaceindustry.B.Sendtechnologypioneerstoliveinspace.C.Letthepassengersfeeltheovervieweffect.D.Describethephenomenonastronautsexperience.6.Whatmaybeoneofthestandardsoftheparticipants?A.Beingwise. B.Beingyoung.C.Beingbrave. D.Beingdistinguished.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Katya’sinsightintothespacetrip. B.Katya’stripthatgoesupvertically.C.AllthechallengesfacingKatya. D.Katya’sexplanationforhermotivation.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了6月4日來(lái)自美國(guó)的Katya及其他人被送入太空的細(xì)節(jié)和她的感受等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“OnJune4,JeffBezos’BlueOriginrocketcarrieditsfifthgroupofpassengerstotheedgeofspaceandKatyagotanopportunitytoapplyforoneofthesixseatsthroughanonprofitcalledSpaceforHumanity.Thepreviousflightshadbeenallfilledtocapacity.(6月4日，杰夫·貝佐斯的藍(lán)色起源火箭將第五批乘客送到了太空邊緣，卡蒂亞有機(jī)會(huì)通過(guò)一個(gè)名為“人類(lèi)太空”的非營(yíng)利組織申請(qǐng)六個(gè)座位之一。之前的航班都已滿員。)”可知，藍(lán)色起源火箭將第五批乘客送到了太空邊緣，之前的航班都已滿員，每次六個(gè)座位，故已經(jīng)運(yùn)送了大約30名乘客。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Theorganization’sgoalistosendpassengerstospaceandallowthemtoexperiencethe“overvieweffect”,aphenomenonastronautshavedescribedafterlookingdownattheEarthfromtheoutside.(該組織的目標(biāo)是將乘客送入太空，讓他們體驗(yàn)“全景效應(yīng)”，這是宇航員從外面俯瞰地球后所描述的一種現(xiàn)象。)”可知，“人類(lèi)太空”的目標(biāo)是讓乘客感受到“全景效應(yīng)”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段中“Katya,anelectricalengineeroriginallyfromGuadalajara,Mexico,wasselectedforthetripfromapoolof7,000applicantsfrommorethan100countriesbasedonheroutstandingachievementsinthespaceindustry,andthismettheirrequirement—sending“exceptionalleaders”toexperience.(Katya是一名來(lái)自墨西哥瓜達(dá)拉哈拉的電氣工程師，基于她在太空工業(yè)的杰出成就，她從來(lái)自100多個(gè)國(guó)家的7000名申請(qǐng)者中被選中參加這次旅行，這符合他們的要求——派遣“杰出的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”去體驗(yàn)。)”可知，參與者的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一可能是必須是杰出的人才。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段““Thetripupwasthemostfascinatingexperiencebecausealotofusareusedtotravelinghorizontally.Butwhenyou’reinarocket,you’regoingupvertically(垂直地)andthatfeelsverystrange,”Echazarretasaid.“SeeingtheEarthfromtheoutside,Ifeelitreallyputsthingsintoperspective.Everythingthatwe’veeverexperienced—allofyourproblems,andallofyourobstacles—andeverythingthatfeelsliketheendoftheworldtoussometimes,areallthere.Itfeelssobigtous,andyetit’snot,becauseIjustleftinamatterofminutes.”(“這次旅行是最迷人的經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)槲覀兒芏嗳硕剂?xí)慣了水平旅行。但是當(dāng)你在火箭里的時(shí)候，你是垂直上升的，這感覺(jué)很奇怪，”埃查扎雷塔說(shuō)?！皬耐饷婵吹厍颍矣X(jué)得它真的讓事情變得更有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)。我們所經(jīng)歷過(guò)的一切——你所有的問(wèn)題，你所有的障礙——以及有時(shí)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)像是世界末日的一切，都在那里。它對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)感覺(jué)很大，但其實(shí)不是，因?yàn)槲規(guī)追昼姾缶碗x開(kāi)了?！?”可知，最后一段主要講卡蒂亞對(duì)太空之旅的見(jiàn)解。故選A。CLastSeptember,severalhundredtomatoloversgatheredonasunny,breezydayinPortland,Ore.forTomatoFest.AgriculturalresearcherMattDaviswashandingoutsamplesofexperimentaltomatoeswhichweredry-farmed.Dry-farming,aformofagriculturethatdoesn’trequireirrigation,hasrootsstretchingbackmillennia.Butinthe20thcentury,thepracticelargelyfelloutofwidespreaduse.Today,however,farmersareonceagainexperimentingwithdryfarmingastheystrugglewithwatershortages,whicharebeingexacerbatedbyrisingtemperaturesandmorefrequentandintensedroughtslinkedtoclimatechange.It’sacommonmisconceptionthatdryfarmingmeansgrowingplantswithoutwater.Instead,dry-farmedplantstakeupmoisturestoredinthegroundratherthansprinkled(灑)fromabove.Thus,sitesmustgenerallyreceivemorethan50centimetersofannualprecipitation(降水量)tocreatemoistureinthesoil,andthesoilmustbecomposedoffinegrainsthathelppreservethatwaterovertime.Dry-farmingwon’tsolveallofagriculture’swoes,butitoffersawayforward.Farmershavenoticedthatdry-farmedplotscontainonlyaboutafifthoftheweedsthatgrowinirrigatedplots.Nothavingtopullupasmanyweedscantranslateintolaborsavings.Coupledwithnothavingtomanageirrigationfacilities,dry-farmingcansimplifyagrowingoperation.In2016and2017,AlexStoneandJenniferWetzelfromOregonStateUniversitygrewdifferentvarietiesofwintersquashinCorvallis.Thepairirrigatedsomevegetablefieldsanddry-farmedothers.Afterharvestingthesquashandleavingtheminstorageforfourmonths,theyfoundthatabout80%oftheroughly1,250dry-farmedwintersquashwerestillmarketablewhilethenumberdroppedto50%outoftheroughly1,150irrigatedwintersquash.“Yougettoreallylearnwhattheenvironmentgivesyou,andyoulearntorespondaccordingly.”MichaelJohnson,aspecialistattheUniversityofArizonasays,“Arelationshipdevelopsbetweenthecroppingsystemandthefarmer.It’sabeautifulthingthatneedstobecherished.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbated”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Highlighted. B.Worsened. C.Relieved. D.Improved.9.Whatcanweknowaboutdry-farming?A.Ithelpsgrowplantswithoutwater.B.Itenjoyedgreatpopularityinthe20thcentury.C.Ithascertainrequirementsforthecompositionofsoil.D.Itisaneffectivemethodtoaddressenvironmentalproblems.10.WhatdidStoneandWetzeldiscoveraboutdry-farmingintheirexperiment?A.Itsproducecontainslesswater. B.Itsoverallyieldstendtobehigher.C.Itmakesthegrowingprocesssimpler. D.Ittendstoyieldlonger-preservedproduce.11.WhatisJohnson’sattitudetowardsdryfarming?AConservative. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Skeptical.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了旱作農(nóng)業(yè)的歷史以及種植特點(diǎn)。【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“theystrugglewithwatershortages(他們正在與水資源短缺作斗爭(zhēng))”以及后文“byrisingtemperaturesandmorefrequentandintensedroughtslinkedtoclimatechange（由于氣溫上升和與氣候變化有關(guān)的更頻繁和更強(qiáng)烈的干旱）”可知，農(nóng)民在努力解決水資源短缺問(wèn)題，而氣溫上升和與氣候變化有關(guān)的更頻繁和更嚴(yán)重的干旱使得水資源短缺問(wèn)題更糟糕了。故劃線詞意思是“更糟”。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thus,sitesmustgenerallyreceivemorethan50centimetersofannualprecipitation(降水量)tocreatemoistureinthesoil,andthesoilmustbecomposedoffinegrainsthathelppreservethatwaterovertime.(因此，這些地點(diǎn)通常每年必須有超過(guò)50厘米的降水來(lái)為土壤創(chuàng)造水分，而且土壤必須由細(xì)顆粒組成，以幫助長(zhǎng)期保存水分)”可知，旱作農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)土壤成分有一定的要求。故選C。10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Afterharvestingthesquashandleavingtheminstorageforfourmonths,theyfoundthatabout80%oftheroughly1,250dry-farmedwintersquashwerestillmarketablewhilethenumberdroppedto50%outoftheroughly1,150irrigatedwintersquash.(在收獲南瓜并將其儲(chǔ)存四個(gè)月后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大約1250個(gè)旱作南瓜中約有80%仍然可以銷(xiāo)售，而在大約1150個(gè)灌溉南瓜中，這一數(shù)字下降到50%)”可知，斯通和韋策爾在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了旱作農(nóng)業(yè)常?？梢陨a(chǎn)保存時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Arelationshipdevelopsbetweenthecroppingsystemandthefarmer.It’sabeautifulthingthatneedstobecherished.(在耕作制度和農(nóng)民之間形成了一種關(guān)系。這是一件需要珍惜的美好的事情)”可推知，約翰遜對(duì)旱作農(nóng)業(yè)的態(tài)度是支持。故選C。D“Manypeopleconsidercatstobealargelynonsocialspecies,”DanielMills,aveterinarybehavioristattheUniversityofLincoln,tellsScience.“Thereisclearlyalotgoingonthatwearenotawareof.”Tocollectdataonthesefurrysubjects,researcherLaurenScottoftheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterfrequentedacatcafélocatedinLosAngelesforaboutayearandrecordedvideosofinteractionsbetween53cats.Intotal,Scottgathered194minutesoffeline(貓科的)filmsthatcontained186interactions.Withthehelpofherco-author,evolutionarypsychologistBrittanyN.Florkiewicz,sheanalyzedthecats’facialsignals.Thepairdiscovered276expressionsmadeupofacombinationof26facialmovements,includingshiftsinearposition,blinks,noselicksandwhisker(胡須)andmouthmovements.Ofallexpressions,about45percentor126werecategorizedasfriendly,37percentwereaggressiveand18percentwereambiguous.“Thesefindingsshowitisgoodtolookatacat’sears,eyesandwhiskerstounderstandiftheyarefeelingfriendly,”Florkiewicztells.“Theirmouthprovidesalotofinformationaboutwhetheracatfightislikely.Peoplemaythinkthatcats’facialexpressionsareallaboutwarningothercatsandpeopleoff,butthisshowsjusthowsocialandtolerantpetcatscanactuallybe.”Theteamalsoidentifieda“commonplayface”amongcats,whichwascharacterizedbyadroppedjawanddrawnbackcornersofthemouth.Still,thescientistsdetectedsomepatterns:Catstendedtomovetheirearsandwhiskerstowardoneanotherduringfriendlyinteractionsandawayduringunfriendlyones.Whentheanimalsareaggressive,theyoftenshrinktheirpupils(瞳孔)andflattentheirears.Catsdisplaynegativeemotionswithflattenedearsandcurled-backwhiskers.Thenewstudycouldbeusedtohelphumansadoptingcatsfindonethat’smorelikelytogetalongwithexistingpets,oritcouldhelppetownersunderstandtheirfelinecompanionsbetter,FlorkiewicztellsScience.12.WhatdidLaurenScottdotocollectdataaboutcats’facialexpressions?A.Sheobservedcatsintheirnaturalhabitat.B.Sheshotvideosofcats’interactionatacatcafé.C.Sheconductedexperimentsinalaboratorysetting.D.Sheinterviewedcatownersabouttheirpets’behaviour.13.Ifcatsplantomakeanattack,theywill________.A.moveitsearsandwhiskersforwardB.narrowitspupilsandflattenitsearsC.closeitsearsandtwistitswhiskersD.loweritsjawanddrawbackthecornersofthemouth14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Cats’nonsocialnatureiswellconfirmed.B.Cats’facialexpressionsareusuallyoffensive.C.Cats’expressionstudywillassistpetadopters.D.Cats’expressionswon’tsignaltheirnegativeemotions.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FriendlinessandAggressionofCatsB.TheSocialNatureofCatsC.FacialSignalsandInteractionsofCatsD.TheCommonBehaviourofCats【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一個(gè)對(duì)面部表情和社交行為的研究成果?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Tocollectdataonthesefurrysubjects,researcherLaurenScottoftheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterfrequentedacatcafélocatedinLosAngelesforaboutayearandrecordedvideosofinteractionsbetween53cats.(為了收集這些毛茸茸的研究對(duì)象的數(shù)據(jù)，堪薩斯大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心的研究人員勞倫·斯科特在大約一年的時(shí)間里經(jīng)常去洛杉磯的一家貓咪咖啡館，并記錄了53只貓之間的互動(dòng)視頻。)”可知，研究者經(jīng)常去一個(gè)貓咪咖啡館，用視頻記錄53只貓之間的交流瞬間。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whentheanimalsareaggressive,theyoftenshrinktheirpupilsandflattentheirears.(當(dāng)這些動(dòng)物具有攻擊性時(shí)，它們通常會(huì)縮小瞳孔，壓平耳朵。)”可知，貓?jiān)谟泄粜詴r(shí)，通常收縮瞳孔，耳朵貼著頭部。故選B。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thenewstudycouldbeusedtohelphumansadoptingcatsfindonethat’smorelikelytogetalongwithexistingpets,oritcouldhelppetownersunderstandtheirfelinecompanionsbetter,FlorkiewicztellsScience.(Florkiewicz告訴《科學(xué)》雜志，這項(xiàng)新研究可以用來(lái)幫助領(lǐng)養(yǎng)貓的人找到更容易與現(xiàn)有寵物相處的貓，或者可以幫助寵物主人更好地了解他們的貓同伴。)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究給養(yǎng)寵物人士提供相應(yīng)的幫助。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Withthehelpofherco-author,evolutionarypsychologistBrittanyN.Florkiewicz,sheanalyzedthecats’facialsignals.Thepairdiscovered276expressionsmadeupofacombinationof26facialmovements,includingshiftsinearposition,blinks,noselicksandwhisker(胡須)andmouthmovements.Ofallexpressions,about45percentor126werecategorizedasfriendly,37percentwereaggressiveand18percentwereambiguous.(在她的合著者、進(jìn)化心理學(xué)家布列塔尼·N·弗洛基維奇的幫助下，她分析了貓的面部信號(hào)。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，276種表情由26種面部動(dòng)作組合而成，包括耳朵位置的變化、眨眼、舔鼻子和胡須以及嘴部動(dòng)作。在所有的表情中，約有45%(126個(gè))被歸類(lèi)為友好的，37%是攻擊性的，18%是曖昧的。)”及全文，本文通過(guò)對(duì)貓的臉部表情研究，說(shuō)明動(dòng)物間存在互動(dòng)。所以“FacialSignalsandInteractionsofCats(貓的面部信號(hào)和相互作用)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoOrganizeYourDigitalFilesSearchingforafileonyourcomputerisawholeloteasierthandiggingthroughapileofpapers,yetit’sfarfrombeingaperfectsystem.Lately,it’sbeenhit-or-missforme.____16____Ihopesomeofthesetipswillhelpyou.Use“resources”,“inprogress”,“final”,and“scrap”foldersforprojects.Thereareplentyofwaystotitleyoursubfoldersforprojects,butoneofthemostintuitive(使用簡(jiǎn)便的)istohavefoldersforstagesofyourproject.____17____The“resources”folderisforthingslikeimages,documents,andotheritemsthatareneededtocompleteyourproject.____18____“Final,”asyoumightimagine,isfortheprojectfilesoncetheprojecthasbeenapprovedandisdone.“Scrap”isforanythingyouwanttosavefromtheprojectthatdoesn’tbelonginthe“final”folder.____19____It’snearimpossibletofindaphotoquicklywhenyouhavethousandsofphotosallnamedsomethinglike“20211108_0978234.jpg.”Soforphotos,Iliketohaveadatestructureandfoldersforkeyeventsorcategories,suchas:2021＞01(forthemonth)＞2021-01MomandDad50AnniversaryLA.Thisway,youcaneitherbrowseyourphotosbyyearandmonthorsearchforfoldersthatinclude“Mom”,“Dad”,“Anniversary”,or“LA.”Usetags.Inadditiontocreatingafolderstructurethatworksforyou,considertaggingfiles.____20____Say,forexample,youwanttoseeallofyourphotosforallofyourholidaycelebrations.Youcansetupatagfor“holidays.”Andthentonarrowdowntheresults,youcansearchusingthetag.A.Withtags,youcanconnectmultiplefilesacrossfolders.B.Forphotos,useadatestructureandkeywordsforyourfolders.C.Thisway,youcanalwaysknowwhichisthefinalprojectfiletograb.D.Thestandardswillkeepfilesorganizedandmakethemeasierontheeye.E.“Inprogress”isforthecurrentworkingversionorversionsoftheproject.F.Tofindfilesmoreefficiently,I’vebeenrearrangingmydigitalfilingsystem.G.Moveyourphotostoamorespecificfolderorbackthemuponanexternalstoragedevice.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了如何組織數(shù)字文件?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)“Searchingforafileonyourcomputerisawholeloteasierthandiggingthroughapileofpapers,yetit’sfarfrombeingaperfectsystem.Lately,it’sbeenhit-or-missforme.(在你的電腦上搜索一個(gè)文件比翻一堆文件要容易得多，但它遠(yuǎn)不是一個(gè)完美的系統(tǒng)。最近，這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一觸即發(fā))”以及空后“Ihopesomeofthesetipswillhelpyou.(我希望這些建議對(duì)你有所幫助)”可知，空處承上啟下，表明作者對(duì)如何能夠有效的找到電腦上的文件做了一些操作。F項(xiàng)“為了更有效地查找文件，我一直在重新安排我的數(shù)字文件系統(tǒng)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)“Thereareplentyofwaystotitleyoursubfoldersforprojects,butoneofthemostintuitive(使用簡(jiǎn)便的)istohavefoldersforstagesofyourproject.(有很多方法可以為項(xiàng)目的子文件夾命名，但最直觀的方法之一是為項(xiàng)目的各個(gè)階段設(shè)置文件夾)”可知，空處總結(jié)前面給出的方法所帶來(lái)的好處，為項(xiàng)目的各個(gè)階段設(shè)置文件夾最終能夠讓你隨時(shí)知道要獲取的文件是哪個(gè)。C項(xiàng)“這樣，您就可以隨時(shí)知道要獲取的最終項(xiàng)目文件是哪個(gè)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。C項(xiàng)中的thisway指代前文中的“oneofthemostintuitive”這種最簡(jiǎn)便的方法之一。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)“Use“resources”,“inprogress”,“final”,and“scrap”foldersforprojects.(對(duì)項(xiàng)目使用“資源”、“進(jìn)行中”、“最終”和“廢棄”文件夾)”以及第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段詳細(xì)的介紹了這幾種文件夾。按順序，The“resources”folder和“Final,”之間是“inprogress”。所以本空是對(duì)“inprogress”這種文件夾的介紹。E項(xiàng)““進(jìn)行中”文件夾用于項(xiàng)目的當(dāng)前工作版本。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)“It’snearimpossibletofindaphotoquicklywhenyouhavethousandsofphotosallnamedsomethinglike“20211108_0978234.jpg.”Soforphotos,Iliketohaveadatestructureandfoldersforkeyeventsorcategories,suchas:2021＞01(forthemonth)＞2021-01MomandDad50AnniversaryLA.(當(dāng)你有數(shù)千張照片都命名為“20211108_0978234.jpg”時(shí)，幾乎不可能很快找到一張照片。因此，對(duì)于照片，我喜歡為關(guān)鍵事件或類(lèi)別設(shè)置日期結(jié)構(gòu)和文件夾，例如：2021＞01（月份）＞2021-01媽媽和爸爸50周年紀(jì)念洛杉磯)”可知，本段講述如何設(shè)置儲(chǔ)存照片的文件夾。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)于照片，請(qǐng)為文件夾使用日期結(jié)構(gòu)和關(guān)鍵字?！边m合作本段的標(biāo)題。B項(xiàng)中的photos在下文中得到了復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)大標(biāo)題“Usetags.(使用標(biāo)記)”以及“Inadditiontocreatingafolderstructurethatworksforyou,considertaggingfiles.(除了創(chuàng)建適合您的文件夾結(jié)構(gòu)外，還可以考慮標(biāo)記文件)”可知，本段所給建議為標(biāo)記文件?？仗幈砻魇褂脴?biāo)記的好處。A項(xiàng)“使用標(biāo)記，可以跨文件夾連接多個(gè)文件?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)中的Withtags和前文中的considertaggingfiles想呼應(yīng)。故選A。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s,shecried.Wasn’tit____21____thatshe’dbeenpartlydeafsincechildhood?Thatstruggleandthe____22____thatusuallycamewithitdidn’tdefeather,butmadeher____23____.Sheppardhadalwaysbeenanenthusiasticdancersincechildhood,butnowshewassoscaredthatshe____24____leftherapartment.Sheworriedaboutthewayshewould____25____totheworld.Hardasitwas,Sheppardlater____26____herselftogoout.At61,SheppardattendedacamporganizedbyVisionsforblindpeople,whereshetaughtherfirstdancingclass.She____27____toteachherclassthereafterthat.Butshewas____28____.ShesoonconvincedVisionstoletherteachona____29____basis.Aboutfouryearslater,herclasseswonsomuch_____30_____thatVisionshiredhertobeonstaff.Sheppard’sstudentsweremostlyseniorswhoseeyesighthad_____31_____asadults.Withconfidence-buildingpraise,Sheppardalso_____32_____dignityandindependenceintothem.Asawaytocombinemovementswithherfaith,Sheppard_____33_____agroupcalledTheBlindSisterhood.Whatisher_____34_____formaintainingbothphysicalandmentalhealthdespite_____35_____lifethrowsather?“Keepitmoving!”21.A.crucial B.desperate C.enough D.abnormal22.A.perspective B.prejudice C.potential D.preference23.A.tough B.different C.gentle D.sensitive24.A.willingly B.occasionally C.constantly D.rarely25.A.sound B.relate C.appear D.reply26.A.educated B.permitted C.reminded D.forced27.A.tended B.applied C.anticipated D.prepared28.A.declined B.evaluated C.approved D.advocated29.A.temporary B.regular C.weekly D.voluntary30.A.popularity B.encouragement C.assistance D.advantage31.A.recovered B.improved C.worsened D.adjusted32.A.pressed B.drilled C.swept D.made33.A.setup B.openedup C.tookon D.puton34.A.purpose B.wish C.recipe D.effort35.A.rewards B.blessings C.surprises D.barriers【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.B28.A29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了MarionSheppard在40多歲失明后克服了內(nèi)心的掙扎和世人的偏見(jiàn)，努力走出去，她后來(lái)在一個(gè)訓(xùn)練營(yíng)里教失明的老人跳舞，給他們灌輸自尊和獨(dú)立的觀念，并且還成立了一個(gè)盲人姐妹會(huì)組織，將運(yùn)動(dòng)和自己的信仰結(jié)合起來(lái)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她從小就部分失聰，這還不夠嗎？A.crucial至關(guān)重要的；B.desperate絕望的；C.enough足夠的；D.abnormal不正常的。根據(jù)前文“WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s,shecried.(當(dāng)MarionSheppard在40多歲看不到東西時(shí)，她哭了)”以及句中的“thatshe’dbeenpartlydeafsincechildhood”可知，Sheppard在40多歲失明時(shí)哭了，后來(lái)提到她從小就部分失聰，此處表示“難道她從小遭受部分失聰?shù)恼勰ミ€不夠嗎”。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種掙扎和隨之而來(lái)的偏見(jiàn)并沒(méi)有打敗她，反而使她變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。A.perspective態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)；B.prejudice偏見(jiàn)；C.potential潛力；D.preference偏愛(ài)。根據(jù)and前的struggle和句中的“didn’tdefeather”可知，這里和struggle并列，表示的是失明后的負(fù)面事情，這里指失明后遇到的偏見(jiàn)并沒(méi)有打敗她。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.tough堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；B.different不同的；C.gentle溫柔的；D.sensitive敏感的。but前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前句“Thatstruggleandthe____2____thatusuallycamewithitdidn’tdefeather”強(qiáng)調(diào)失明并沒(méi)有打敗她，因此此處表示失明讓她更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Sheppard從小就是個(gè)熱情的舞者，但現(xiàn)在她非常害怕，很少離開(kāi)自己的公寓。A.willingly愿意地；B.occasionally偶爾地；C.constantly持續(xù)地；D.rarely幾乎不。but前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。前面“Sheppardhadalwaysbeenanenthusiasticdancersincechildhood”說(shuō)她從小就是個(gè)熱情的舞者，再根據(jù)句中的scared可知，她失明后非常害怕，以至于很少離開(kāi)公寓。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她擔(dān)心自己出現(xiàn)在世人面前的形象。A.sound聽(tīng)起來(lái)；B.relate相關(guān)；C.appear出現(xiàn)；D.reply回復(fù)。根據(jù)下文空后的“totheworld”并結(jié)合上文中的“she____4____leftherapartment”可知，她失明后很少離開(kāi)公寓，她擔(dān)心自己出現(xiàn)在世人面前的形象。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管很艱難，但Sheppard后來(lái)還是強(qiáng)迫自己出去了。A.educated教育；B.permitted允許；C.reminded提醒；D.forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)句中的“Hardasitwas”可知，她極不情愿出門(mén)，但是后來(lái)強(qiáng)迫自己出去。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那以后，她申請(qǐng)?jiān)谀抢锷险n。A.tended往往會(huì)；B.applied申請(qǐng)；C.anticipated預(yù)料；D.prepared準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文中的“At61,SheppardattendedacamporganizedbyVisionsforblindpeople,whereshetaugh