2022全國各地高考試題及答案（超全）附高清打印版

2022全國各地高考試題及答案匯總（超全）附高清打印版2022年高考各地試卷使用情況：全國甲卷地區(qū)：四川、云南、廣西、貴州、西藏全國乙卷地區(qū)：河南、安徽、江西、山西、陜西、黑龍江、吉林、甘肅、內(nèi)蒙古、青海、寧夏、新疆新高考Ⅰ卷適用地區(qū)：山東、河北、湖北、湖南、江蘇、廣東、福建（語數(shù)外）新高考Ⅱ卷適用地區(qū)：海南、遼寧、重慶（語數(shù)外）其中物化生政史地科目由各省自主命題自主命題地區(qū)：北京、天津、浙江、上海2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷數(shù)學(xué)試題及答案2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷英語試題+答案英語答案2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語（適用地區(qū)：內(nèi)蒙古、吉林、黑龍江、陜西、甘肅、青海、寧夏、新疆、山西、安徽、江西、河南）第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.

C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.

C.Workingonaproject.3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A.It’sbig.B.It’squiet.

C.It’snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.

C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman’stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.

C.Inthecorner.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.

C.Dosports.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.

C.Husbandandwife.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.

C.It’seasytohirepeople.

9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A.Rembrandt’s.B.Botticelli’s.

C.Rubens’.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.

C.Onatrain.14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A.March.B.August.

C.October.15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy..Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.16.WhatisSusan’sattitudetoJohn’sproblem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.

C.Forgiving.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.

C.Amarathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分

閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHenryRaeburn(1756-1823)TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland’sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait(肖像畫)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.AnIntroductiontoRaeburnSunday26Oct.,15.00DUNCANTHOMSONRaeburn’sEnglishContemporariesThursday30Oct.,13.10JUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn’sPortraitsThursday6Nov.,13.10NICHOLASPHILLIPSONRaeburnandArtist’sTraininginthe18thCenturyThursday13Nov.,13.10MARTINPOSTLEExhibitionTimesMonday—Saturday10.00—17.45Sunday12.00—17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24—26Decemberand1January.Admission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.1.

Whatistherighttimeforattending

Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries?A.

Sun.26Oct.

B.

Thurs.30Oct.

C.

Thurs.6Nov.

D.

Thurs.13Nov.2.

Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.

￡4.

B.

￡8.

C.

￡12.

D.

￡16.3.

Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.

TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.

B.

Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C.

Theymustbeledbyteachers.

D.

TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.BIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”4.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool.

B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.

D.Todosightseeing.5

Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.

B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.

D.Theysufferedseverehardships.6.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.

B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.

D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.7.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory.D.Adiaryentry.CCanasmallgroupofdrones(無人機)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsin

maintenance

costsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.8.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.9.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety.

B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.

D.Constructionofinfrastructure.10.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A.Toprovideearlywarning.

B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.

D.Toacceleratetransportation.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesB.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpandedC.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailwaysDTheGovernment’ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(設(shè)施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.12.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.

B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C

Toprotectchildren’shealth.

D.Toencourageresearchineducation.13.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts’sugarcontent.14.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.

B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.

D.Itupsetscustomers.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long-distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.

___16___.·Moreisn’talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.

___17___.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy(共情)___18___.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·

___19___

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone___20___,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there’ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout

___21___

someoneelse’sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably

___22___

athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies

___23___.Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas

___24___

asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour

___25___

researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology

___26___

thatidea.Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each

___27___

satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor

___28___.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould

___29___

orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn’t.Thesame

___30___

happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:

___31___

childrensaidthattheycouldn’t

___32___

toher.Anumberof

___33___

ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects

___34___

thequestionsandknew

___35___

whatwasaskedofthem.Their

___36___

tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue

___37___

that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Theysimply

___38___

mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our

___39___

suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod

___40___

whenothersuseit.21.A.following

B.taking

C.escapingD.directing22.A.clever

B.bad

C.scaredD.quick23.A.exposed

B.examined

C.untouchedD.imbalanced24.A.supported

B.guaranteed

C.imaginedD.interpreted25.A.disappointing

B.mixed

C.surprisingD.desired26.A.explained

B.confirmed

C.contradictedD.tested27.A.parent

B.child

C.researcherD.doctor28.A.feet

B.nose

C.handsD.ears29.A.see

B.help

C.reachD.fool30

A.event

B.thing

C.actionD.accident31.A.Yet

B.Now

C.SoonD.Once32.A.speak

B.listen

C.turnD.wave33.A.instructions

B.descriptions

C.experimentsD.assumptions34.A.comprehended

B.predicted

C.exploredD.ignored35.A.partly

B.honestly

C.vaguelyD.exactly36.A.responses

B.approaches

C.contributionD.sensitivity37.A.abilityB.belief

C.identityD.purpose38.A.holdbackB.relateto

C.insistonD.makeup39.A.limitationsB.requirements

C.theories

D.findings40.A.tentativeB.impressive

C.creative

D.effective第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially

___41___

theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate

___42___

festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety

___43___

(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe

___44___

(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa

___45___

(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha

___46___

(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(發(fā)布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation

___47___

culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion

—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.___48___

(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,

___49___

(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening

_____50_____

(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.第四部分

寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)，短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatlyexercise.Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongestaredancersandcyclists.Maybeitisbecausethecombinationoffreshair,smoothmovementandexercise.Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon’tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.Justseehowcarshavebeentakenoverourcities.Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whatmayputourlivesindanger.Andthereweretrafficjams,too.Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.第二節(jié)

書面表達(滿分25分)52.學(xué)校英文報正在開展以LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroom為題的討論。請使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.學(xué)習(xí)活動狀況描述：2.簡單評論;3.你的建議。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好?！緟⒖即鸢讣敖馕觥康诙糠?/p>

閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)1.B2.B

3.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了為紀(jì)念蘇格蘭最受歡迎的畫家亨利·雷伯恩爵士進行的展覽的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格右上角Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries部分“Thursday30Oct.(10月30日星期四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去參加Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission部分“￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.(4英鎊。12歲以下兒童在一位成人陪同下免費入場。)”可知，一對夫婦應(yīng)付4+4=8英鎊，兩個12歲以下的兒童在成人陪同下免費，即入場費為8英鎊。故選B項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.(所有全日制教育的學(xué)生，高至并包括那些學(xué)士學(xué)位水平的學(xué)生，在有教師的組織團體中，均可享受每人2英鎊的特別低入場費。)”可知，全日制學(xué)生在有教師的組織團體中，可以獲得折扣，即他們必須由教師帶領(lǐng)。故選C項。4.A5.D

6.C

7.B【解析】這是一篇書評。本文簡要介紹了DorothyWickenden的書籍并對其進行了評價?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.(1916年，來自紐約奧本市的兩個富裕家庭的女孩——DorothyWoodruff和RosamondUnderwood——來到落基山脈的一個定居點，在一間只有一個房間的學(xué)校教書。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脈是為了去學(xué)校里教書。故選A項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.(他們和一個當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ィ锷患乙黄鸢徇M去，和他們一樣，幾乎沒有隱私，很少洗澡，早上醒來時被子上覆蓋著一層雪。)”以及“Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆蓋在冰上。)”可知，女孩們的生活條件非常艱苦，她們飽受磨難。故選D項。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段與鐵路建設(shè)有關(guān)，這涉及到在令人眩目的暴風(fēng)雪中鉆穿落基山脈。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脈的鐵路建設(shè)這一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.(這本書以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奧本結(jié)束。)”以及最后一段“Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.(Wickenden是個很好的講故事的人。大地的遼闊和人們的堅忍使她創(chuàng)作出了一些美麗的作品。)”可知，本文簡要介紹了Wickenden的書籍內(nèi)容，并對其進行了評價，所以文本是一篇書評。故選B項。8.A9.C

10.A

11.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”的技術(shù)，無人機能在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時又能幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.(無人機已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。他們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查鐵路線路和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，如鐵路軌道和換乘點的正確位置)”可知使用無人機檢查電力線路使無人機應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.(據(jù)統(tǒng)計，僅歐洲鐵路公司每年在鐵路維護上的花費就約為200億歐元，其中包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)”可知花在maintenance上的費用是用于“inspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure（檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，由此可知“Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety”是指大幅節(jié)省檢修成本和更好地保護鐵路人員安全，劃線詞和C項：Inspectionandrepair(檢修)含義相近。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.(帶有先進傳感器和人工智能的非常小的無人機可以像副駕駛一樣在火車前面行駛。憑借他們的預(yù)見能力，他們可以發(fā)出任何問題的信號，以便快速行駛的火車能夠及時做出反應(yīng)。)”可知對于無人機期待的功能是提前發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段“Canasmallgroupofdrones(無人機)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.(一小群無人機能否在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時，幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元?這很可能是應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”技術(shù)的未來，以確保全球數(shù)百萬公里的鐵路軌道和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施全天候安全運行。)”以及后文第二段講到了使用無人機檢查電力線路使無人機應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能;第三段講到了使用無人機大幅節(jié)省維護成本和更好地保護鐵路人員安全；第四段講到了通過使用最新的技術(shù)，無人機還可以開始為鐵路提供更高的價值，可知文章主要講述了無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來，所以D項“無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來?！狈衔恼轮行乃枷耄m合作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。12.C13.D

14.D

15.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國政府對軟飲料征收的糖稅來解決兒童以及青少年的健康問題，同時該收入用于學(xué)校體育。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.（該稅于2016年4月首次宣布，適用于每100毫升含糖超過5g的軟飲料，旨在幫助減少兒童肥胖）”可知，征收糖稅的目的是幫助兒童減少肥胖，保護兒童健康。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.（此前，制造商已經(jīng)降低了商店中銷售的超過一半的軟飲料的含糖量，以避免納稅）”可知，一些飲料公司通過降低了產(chǎn)品的含糖量來避稅。故選D項。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.（然而，一些高糖品牌，如經(jīng)典可口可樂，已經(jīng)接受了糖稅，并拒絕改變，因為擔(dān)心會惹惱消費者。果汁、以牛奶為原料的飲料和大多數(shù)酒精飲料是免稅的，每年生產(chǎn)不到100萬升的小公司也是免稅的）”可知，糖稅主要來自經(jīng)典可口可樂這些高糖品牌。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.（根據(jù)一位政府官員的說法，今天的數(shù)據(jù)顯示了糖稅的積極影響，它為學(xué)校的體育設(shè)施和健康飲食籌集了數(shù)百萬英鎊）”可推斷，糖稅政策的實施是一個成功的政策。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。16.D17.E

18.G

19.A

20.F【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”（平日繁忙，很難抽出時間打電話。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打電話，D項“盡量找個雙方都有空的時間去打電話，并堅持下去”給出了解決沒時間打電話這個問題的方法，符合題意。故選D項。【17題詳解】上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.”（確保你已經(jīng)和你的朋友溝通過，了解你們想要聯(lián)系的頻率，以及哪種方法對你們雙方都最有效。）提到異地朋友之間要商量溝通方式，E項“朋友需要談?wù)撍麄兿矚g的交流方式”承接上文，進一步提出對交流的方法的溝通，下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.”（除了持續(xù)的文字交流，還有其他選擇，比如留下語音信息或進行群聊。）對E項中的“methodsofcommunication”進行了舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選E項?！?8題詳解】下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”（留下來的朋友）和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分別對應(yīng)下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”，所以G項符合題意。故選G項。【19題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標(biāo)題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.”（周年紀(jì)念日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀(jì)念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應(yīng)的維系異地友誼的方法是A項“記得重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處所在句子的后半句“butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.”（但是異地友誼——甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼——可能需要更加自覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后半句與設(shè)空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項“朋友之間很容易通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應(yīng)了該段的小標(biāo)題“Don’trelyontechnologyalone”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的“technology”。故選F項。語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)21.C

22.B

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.C

27.B28.D

29.A

30.B

31.B

32.A

33.C

34.A35.D36.A

37.B

38.C

39.D

40.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過實驗證明孩子們捉迷藏時，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主義的結(jié)果，而是孩子們堅持相互承認(rèn)和尊重。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對他們來說，避開別人的目光，讓自己無法被別人看到，這是一件非常令人興奮的事情。A.following跟隨；B.taking取走；C.escaping避開；D.directing指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文“Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.”可知，兒童喜歡玩捉迷藏，避開別人的目