干燥術(shù)語(英文)(國外英文資料)

DryingTerminology(English)InternationalEnglishSources

1.Adsorption:

Adsorptionreferstotheprocessinwhichmoleculesadheretothesurfaceofasolidmaterial.Indrying,adsorptionplaysacrucialroleaswatermoleculesadheretothesurfaceofthematerialbeingdried.

2.Capillaryaction:

Capillaryactionistheabilityofaliquidtoflowinnarrowspaceswithouttheassistanceofexternalforces.Indrying,capillaryactionhelpsinthemovementofmoisturefromtheinteriorofthematerialtoitssurface,facilitatingthedryingprocess.

3.Dewpoint:

4.Evaporation:

Evaporationistheprocesswhichaliquidsubstancechangesintoagasorvapor.Indrying,evaporationistheprimarymechanismwhichmoistureisremovedfromthematerial.

5.Hygroscopicity:

6.Moisturecontent:

Moisturecontentisameasureoftheamountofmoisturepresentinamaterial.Itistypicallyexpressedasapercentageofthetotalweightofthematerial.Monitoringmoisturecontentisessentialtodeterminetheeffectivenessofthedryingprocess.

7.Psychrometry:

8.Sorptionisotherm:

Asorptionisothermisagraphthatrepresentstherelationshipbetweenthemoisturecontentofamaterialandtheequilibriumrelativehumidityataspecifictemperature.Sorptionisothermsarevaluabletoolsinunderstandingthedryingbehaviorofdifferentmaterials.

9.Wetbulbtemperature:

Thewetbulbtemperatureisthelowesttemperaturethatcanbeachievedevaporatingwaterintotheairataconstantpressure.Itisanessentialparameterindryingapplications,asitprovidesinformationaboutthecoolingeffectofevaporationandhelpsdeterminethedryingrate.

10.Vapourpressure:

Vapourpressureisthepressureexertedavaporinequilibriumwithitsliquidorsolidphaseataspecifictemperature.Indrying,understandingthevaporpressureofwateriscrucialfordeterminingthedrivingforcebehindtheevaporationprocess.

Conclusion:

ContinuingtheGlossaryofDryingTerminology:

11.Bulkdensity:

Bulkdensityreferstothemassofamaterialperunitvolume,includingthevoidspacesbetweenparticles.Indrying,understandingthebulkdensityofthematerialisimportantfordeterminingtheappropriatedryingconditionsandequipment.

12.Convectivedrying:

13.Dryingkinetics:

Dryingkineticsreferstothestudyoftherateatwhichmoistureisremovedfromamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itinvolvesanalyzingtherelationshipbetweendryingtime,moisturecontent,andtemperature.

14.Energyefficiency:

Energyefficiencyindryingreferstotheratioofusefulenergyoutputtothetotalenergyinput.Improvingenergyefficiencyiscrucialforreducingoperationalcostsandminimizingenvironmentalimpact.

15.Infrareddrying:

Infrareddryingisamethodofdryingthatusesinfraredradiationtoheatthematerialdirectly.Thismethodcanproviderapiddryingandisoftenusedforheatsensitivematerials.

16.Moisturemigration:

Moisturemigrationreferstothemovementofmoisturewithinamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itisinfluencedfactorssuchastemperature,humidity,andthematerial'sstructure.

17.Pinmoisturecontent:

Pinmoisturecontentisthemoisturecontentofamaterialatthepointwhereitisnolongerwettedwater.Itisanimportantparameterfordeterminingtheendpointofthedryingprocess.

18.Sorptionhysteresis:

Sorptionhysteresisreferstothephenomenonwherethesorptionisothermofamaterialisnotreversible.Thiscanoccurduetoirreversiblechangesinthematerial'sstructureorthepresenceofimpurities.

19.Surfacearea:

Surfaceareareferstothetotalareaofthematerial'ssurface.Indrying,materialswithalargersurfaceareatendtodryfasterduetoincreasedcontactwiththedryingmedium.

20.Vacuumdrying:

Vacuumdryingisamethodofdryingthatusesavacuumtolowertheboilingpointofwater,allowingforfasterevaporationatlowertemperatures.Thismethodisoftenusedforheatsensitivematerialsorwhenhighpurityisrequired.

21.Zeolite:

22.Adsorptioncapacity:

Adsorptioncapacityreferstothemaximumamountofmoisturethatamaterialcanadsorbatagiventemperatureandrelativehumidity.Itisanimportantparameterforselectingtheappropriatedryingagent.

23.Criticalmoisturecontent:

Criticalmoisturecontentisthemoisturecontentatwhichthedryingrateofamaterialdecreasessignificantly.Itisanimportantparameterfordeterminingthedryingtimeandconditions.

24.Dryingcurve:

Adryingcurveisagraphthatshowsthechangeinmoisturecontentofamaterialovertimeduringthedryingprocess.Itprovidesvaluableinformationaboutthedryingbehaviorandcanbeusedtooptimizedryingconditions.

25.Flashdrying:

Flashdryingisamethodofdryingthatusesahighvelocitygasorairstreamtorapidlyremovemoisturefromthematerial.Thismethodisoftenusedforheatsensitivematerialsorwhenrapiddryingisrequired.

26.Humidity:

Humidityreferstotheamountofwatervaporpresentintheair.Itisanimportantparameterindryingapplications,asitaffectsthedryingrateandtheamountofmoisturethatcanberemovedfromthematerial.

27.Moistureregain:

Moistureregainreferstotheamountofmoisturethatamaterialabsorbsfromthesurroundingenvironmentafterdrying.Itisanimportantparameterfordeterminingtheshelflifeandstabilityofdriedproducts.

28.Porosity:

Porosityreferstotheratioofvoidspacetothetotalvolumeofamaterial.Indrying,materialswithhighporositytendtodryfasterduetoincreasedmoisturemovementthroughthematerial.

29.Relativehumidity:

30.Wettingfront:

Thewettingfrontistheboundarybetweenthewetanddryregionsofamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itmovesthroughthematerialasmoistureisremoved,anditsmovementcanbeinfluencedfactorssuchastemperatureandthematerial'sstructure.

31.Adsorptionequilibrium:

Adsorptionequilibriumreferstothestatewheretherateofadsorptionofmoistureontoamaterialisequaltotherateofdesorption.Itisanimportantconceptinunderstandingthedryingbehaviorofmaterialsandoptimizingdryingconditions.

32.Criticaltemperature:

Criticaltemperaturereferstothetemperatureatwhichamaterialtransitionsfromasolidtoaliquidorgasphase.Indrying,understandingthecriticaltemperatureofthematerialisimportantforpreventingdamageordeformationduringthedryingprocess.

33.Dryingefficiency:

Dryingefficiencyreferstotheratiooftheamountofmoistureremovedfromthematerialtotheenergyinput.Itisanimportantparameterforevaluatingtheperformanceofdryingequipmentandprocesses.

34.Humidification:

Humidificationistheprocessofaddingmoisturetotheair.Indryingapplications,humidificationcanbeusedtocontrolthehumiditylevelinthedryingenvironmentandoptimizedryingconditions.

35.Moisturegradient:

Moisturegradientreferstothedifferenceinmoisturecontentbetweendifferentpartsofamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itcanleadtononuniformdryingandcanbeinfluencedfactorssuchastemperatureandthematerial'sstructure.

36.Porousmedia:

Porousmediareferstomaterialsthatcontaininterconnectedvoidspaces.Indrying,porousmediacanfacilitatethemovementofmoistureandheat,enhancingthedryingprocess.

37.Sorptionisotherm:

Asorptionisothermisagraphthatshowstherelationshipbetweenthemoisturecontentofamaterialandtheequilibriumrelativehumidityataspecifictemperature.Itprovidesvaluableinformationaboutthedryingbehaviorofmaterialsandcanbeusedtooptimizedryingconditions.

38.Vaporpressuredeficit:

Vaporpressuredeficitreferstothedifferencebetweentheactualvaporpressureoftheairandthesaturationvaporpressureatagiventemperature.Itisanimportantparameterindryingapplications,asitaffectsthedryingrateandtheamountofmoisturethatcanberemovedfromthematerial.

39.Wetbulbdepression:

Wetbulbdepressionreferstothedifferencebetweenthedrybulbtemperatureandthewetbulbtemperature.Itprovidesinformationaboutthecoolingeffectofevaporationandcanbeusedtodeterminethedryingrate.

40.Zeotropicmixture:

Azeotropicmixtureisamixtureoftwoormoresubstancesthatexhibitdifferentboilingpoints.Indrying,zeotropicmixturescanbeusedasdryingagentstoachievemoreefficientdryingandbettercontrolofdryingconditions.

Conclusion:

ContinuingtheGlossaryofDryingTerminology:

41.Adsorptionheat:

Adsorptionheatreferstotheenergyreleasedorabsorbedduringtheadsorptionprocessofmoistureontoamaterial.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingtheenergyrequirementsofdryingprocesses.

42.Batchdrying:

43.Contactdrying:

Contactdryingisamethodofdryingwhereheatistransferredtothematerialthroughdirectcontactwithaheatedsurface.Thismethodisoftenusedforheatsensitivematerialsorwhenrapiddryingisrequired.

44.Desorption:

Desorptionistheprocesswhichmoistureisreleasedfromamaterial.Itisthereverseofadsorptionandisanimportantstepinthedryingprocess.

45.Dryingrateconstant:

Dryingrateconstantisaparameterthatrepresentstherateatwhichmoistureisremovedfromamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itisinfluencedfactorssuchastemperature,humidity,andthematerial'sproperties.

46.Equilibriummoisturecontent:

Equilibriummoisturecontentisthemoisturecontentatwhichamaterialreachesequilibriumwiththesurroundingenvironment.Itisanimportantparameterfordeterminingthefinalmoisturecontentofdriedproducts.

47.Fallingrateperiod:

Thefallingrateperiodisthestageinthedryingprocesswherethedryingratedecreasesasthemoisturecontentapproachestheequilibriummoisturecontent.Itischaracterizedaslowerdryingrateandlongerdryingtime.

48.Heatofvaporization:

Heatofvaporizationistheamountofenergyrequiredtoconvertaliquidintoavaporataconstanttemperature.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingtheenergyrequirementsofdryingprocesses.

49.Inertgasdrying:

Inertgasdryingisamethodofdryingthatusesaninertgas,suchasnitrogenorargon,todisplaceoxygenandpreventoxidationordegradationofthematerialbeingdried.

50.Moisturediffusion:

Moisturediffusionreferstothemovementofmoisturewithinamaterialduetoaconcentrationgradient.Itisanimportantmechanisminthedryingprocess,especiallyformaterialswithhighmoisturecontent.

51.Porositygradient:

Porositygradientreferstothevariationinporositywithinamaterial.Itcaninfluencethedryingrateanduniformityofdrying,asmoisturetendstomovemoreeasilythroughregionsofhigherporosity.

52.Sorptionkinetics:

Sorptionkineticsreferstothestudyoftherateatwhichmoistureisadsorbedordesorbedamaterial.Itisimportantforunderstandingthedryingbehaviorandoptimizingdryingconditions.

53.Surfacemoisture:

Surfacemoisturereferstothemoisturepresentonthesurfaceofamaterial.Itisthefirstlayerofmoisturetoberemovedduringthedryingprocessandcanhaveasignificantimpactonthedryingrate.

54.Thermalconductivity:

Thermalconductivityreferstotheabilityofamaterialtoconductheat.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingtheheattransfermechanismsindryingprocesses.

55.Vacuumpressure:

Vacuumpressurereferstothepressurebelowatmosphericpressurethatisusedinvacuumdrying.Itisimportantforachievingrapiddryingatlowertemperaturesandfordryingheatsensitivematerials.

56.Wateractivity:

Wateractivityreferstotheavailabilityofwaterinamaterialforbiologicalorchemicalreactions.Itisanimportantparameterfordeterminingtheshelflifeandstabilityofdriedproducts.

57.Adsorptiondesorptionhysteresis:

Adsorptiondesorptionhysteresisreferstothephenomenonwheretheadsorptionanddesorptionisothermsofamaterialdonotcoincide.Itisinfluencedfactorssuchasthematerial'sstructureandthepresenceofimpurities.

58.Capillarycondensation:

Capillarycondensationreferstotheprocesswheremoisturecondensesinthecapillaryporesofamaterial.Itcanoccurduringdryingandcanleadtononuniformdryingandreduceddryingefficiency.

59.Dryingstress:

Dryingstressreferstothemechanicalstressthatdevelopsinamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itcanleadtocracking,warping,orotherformsofdamage,especiallyinmaterialswithhighshrinkageoranisotropicproperties.

60.Flashevaporation:

Flashevaporationreferstotherapidevaporationofaliquidintoagasduetoasuddendecreaseinpressure.Itisoftenusedindryingapplicationstoachieverapiddryingandhighdryingrates.

61.Heatpumpdrying:

Heatpumpdryingisamethodofdryingthatusesaheatpumptorecoverandreusetheheatgeneratedduringthedryingprocess.Itisanenergyefficientmethodthatcansignificantlyreduceenergyconsumption.

62.Moisturegradientcontrol:

Moisturegradientcontrolreferstothemanagementofthemoisturegradientwithinamaterialduringthedryingprocess.Itisimportantforachievinguniformdryingandpreventingdryingdefects.

63.Porousstructure:

Porousstructurereferstothearrangementandcharacteristicsofthevoidspaceswithinamaterial.Itcaninfluencethedryingrate,moisturedistribution,anddryinguniformity.

64.Sorptioncapacity:

Sorptioncapacityreferstothemaximumamountofmoisturethatamaterialcanadsorbordesorbatagiventemperatureandrelativehumidity.Itisanimportantparameterforselectingtheappropriatedryingagent.

65.Surfacetension:

Surfacetensionreferstothecohesiveforcebetweenmoleculesatthesurfaceofaliquid.Itcaninfluencethewettinganddryingbehaviorofmaterialsandisimportantforunderstandingthedryingprocess.

66.Thermaldiffusivity:

Thermaldiffusivityreferstotheabilityofamaterialtoconductheatandisameasureofhowquicklyheatcanpenetratethematerial.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingtheheattransfermechanismsindryingprocesses.

67.Vacuumdryingefficiency:

Vacuumdryingefficiencyreferstotheratiooftheamountofmoistureremovedfromthematerialtotheenergyinputinvacuumdrying.Itisanimportantparameterforevaluatingtheperformanceofvacuumdryingsystems.

68.Watervaporpressure:

Watervaporpressurereferstothepressureexertedwatervaporinequilibriumwithitsliquidphaseataspecifictemperature.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingthedryingprocessanddeterminingthedrivingforcebehindevaporation.

69.Adsorptionisothermmodeling:

Adsorptionisothermmodelingreferstotheprocessofmathematicallyrepresentingtherelationshipbetweenthemoisturecontentofamaterialandtheequilibriumrelativehumidityataspecifictemperature.Itisimportantforpredictingandoptimizingdryingconditions.

70.Convectiveheattransfercoefficient:

Convectiveheattransfercoefficientreferstotheproportionalityconstantthatrelatestheheattransferratetothetemperaturedifferencebetweenthematerialandthedryingmedium.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingtheconvectivedryingprocess.

71.Dryingkineticsmodeling:

Dryingkineticsmodelingreferstotheprocessofmathematicallyrepresentingtherelationshipbetweendryingtime,moisturecontent,andtemperature.Itisimportantforpredictingandoptimizingdryingconditions.

72.Heatofadsorption:

Heatofadsorptionreferstotheenergyreleasedorabsorbedduringtheadsorptionofmoistureontoamaterial.Itisanimportantparameterforunderstandingtheenergyr