廣東省揭陽(yáng)市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省揭陽(yáng)市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試題第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouwanttounderstandChinabutcan’taffordanexpensiveinternationalflight,thesefourbookscangiveyouacompleteoverviewofthecountry.RiverTownRiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHessler—Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.Thebookwaspublishedin2001andhaswonseveralawards,includingtheKiriyamaPrize.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaItisabookthattellsthestoryofChina’smodernization.ItwaswrittenbyEzraVogelandpublishedin2011.TheauthordescribeshowDengXiaoping’spoliciesledtosignificantchangesinChina’seconomyandsociety.ThebookhasreceivedcriticalhonorsandwontheLionelGelberPrizein2012.TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpenceThisbookisacomprehensivehistoryofChinafromtheMingdynastytothepresentday.Theauthor,aprominentscholarofChinesehistory,providesadetailedanalysisofthesocial,cultural,andpoliticalchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinaoverthepast500years.Thebookwasfirstputoutin1990andhassincebeenrevisedandupdatedseveraltimes.Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChinaWrittenbyLeslieT.Chang,thisbook,publishedin2008,isareportageonthelivesofyoungwomenwholeavetheirruralhomestoworkinfactoriesinChina’scities.Chang,aformerNewYorkTimesjournalist,interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.1.WhattypeofliteratureisRiverTown?A.AtravelguideofFuling. B.Apersonaldiary.C.Asciencefiction. D.Areferencebook.2.WhichstatementisrightaboutTheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence?A.Itreceivedpositivereviews.B.Itwaspublished500yearsago.C.Itwaswrittenbyahistoryteacher.D.Ithasremainedthesamesinceitsfirstpublication.3.Whichbookiswrittenbyareporter?A.RiverTownB.TheSearchforModernChinaC.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaD.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本介紹中國(guó)地理文化的書籍?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“RiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHessler—Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.(《江城：長(zhǎng)江上的兩年》作者何偉(PeterHessler)——這本書是作者在長(zhǎng)江岸邊一個(gè)叫涪陵的小鎮(zhèn)上教英語(yǔ)兩年的日記。何偉寫了他在異國(guó)文化中的生活經(jīng)歷，以及他對(duì)小鎮(zhèn)居民生活的觀察)”可知，RiverTown是何偉的私人日記。journal意為“旅行日記”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末句“Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.(這本書多年來(lái)一直是最暢銷書)”可知，這本書深受讀者好評(píng)。B.C.D.項(xiàng)都可排除。這本書不是500年前出版的；作者不是歷史老師；該書出版后歷經(jīng)多次修訂和更新。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Chang,aformerNewYorkTimesjournalist,interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.(Chang是前紐約時(shí)報(bào)記者，她采訪了數(shù)百名女工，為我們提供了對(duì)中國(guó)社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)變化的見(jiàn)解)”可知，F(xiàn)actoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina的作者LeslieT.Chang是一名記者。故選D項(xiàng)。BItwasacarefreesummerdaywhenafather,StevenPoust,wasoutboatingontheSt.John’sRiverwithhis4-year-olddaughterAbigailand4-year-oldsonChase.Thechildrenwereplayfullyswimmingneartheiranchoredboatwhiletheirfatherwasfishing,smilingathiskids.Suddenly,Abigailgotcaughtinthepowerfulcurrent,forcinghertoreleasethehandleontheboat.Chaseletgooftheboattotakeholdofhislittlesister,buthefoundhimselfcaughtinthecurrent.WhenStevenjumpedintothewatertorescuehisstrugglingchildren,hewasalsopulledin.Astheyalldriftedfartherfromtheboat,thedesperatefatherpushedhissontoasaferplaceandtriedtostickwithhisdaughteraslongashecould.However,heworehimselfoutlater,andshedriftedawayfromhim.Thefatherhadtofollowhisdaughter.SotheresponsibilitytosavethefamilywasnowonyoungChase’sshoulders.Steveninstructedhissontoswimtotheshoreandfindimmediatehelp.Meanwhile,hewouldattempttoretrievehislittlegirl,whowascontinuouslybeingpulledfartherfromhisreach.Chasedidashewastold.Theyoungboywasswimmingagainstthecurrent,whichmadeitmoredifficulttoswimtowardtheshore.However,theyoungboycontinuedtoswimwithonethoughtinmind:tosavehisfamily.Chaseswamasfastashecouldtoreachtheriverbank.Whenhegrewtired,Chasecleverlyfloatedonhisback;attimes,hepaddledtoconservehisenergy.Oncehereachedtheshore,heracedtotheclosesthousehecouldfind,knockedonthedoorandscreamedforhelp.Theownersansweredandimmediatelydialed911.TheJacksonvilleFireandRescueDepartmentrespondedquickly.Theylocatedtheemptyboat.Inthewater,theyfoundkids’shoes,acellphoneandfishingpolesfloatingneartheboat.Aftera90-minutesearch,thesearchcrewlocatedthefatherandthedaughterinthewater,whohadbeensweptamileandahalffromtheirabandonedboat.4.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Theyhadnothingtodobutplaynearthewater.B.Theyhadaverypleasanttimebeforetheaccident.C.Stevenwassoabsorbedinfishingthathedidn’tlookafterhiskidswell.D.Abigailreleasedthehandleontheboattoseeksomethingnewandexciting.5.WhydidStevencountonChasetoseekforhelp?A.Hismentalstrengthranout. B.Hisswimmingskillwaspoorer.C.Hehadtotrytosavehisdaughter. D.HewantedtogetChasetrained.6.WhichonemayNOTbethereasonfortheirsafereturn?A.Chase’sintelligenceandflexibilitytowardsdifferentsituations.B.Therapidresponseandefficientworkofrelevantdepartment.C.AbigailandSteven’soptimismandnevergivingupthehopeofliving.D.Thekindnessandwarmheartoftheroomowners.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSteven?A.Devotedandcalm. B.Braveandgenerous.C.Strictandsmart. D.Ambitiousandhonest.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了父親StevenPoust帶著兒女在圣約翰河上劃船，結(jié)果女兒不幸落水，StevenPoust自己努力找回女兒，讓兒子游到岸邊尋求幫助，最終兒子經(jīng)過(guò)不懈努力找來(lái)了救援，拯救了家人的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itwasacarefreesummerdaywhenafather,StevenPoust,wasoutboatingontheSt.John’sRiverwithhis4-year-olddaughterAbigailand4-year-oldsonChase.Thechildrenwereplayfullyswimmingneartheiranchoredboatwhiletheirfatherwasfishing,smilingathiskids.(那是一個(gè)無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的夏日，父親史蒂文·普斯特帶著4歲的女兒阿比蓋爾和4歲的兒子蔡斯在圣約翰河上劃船。孩子們?cè)阱^定的船附近嬉戲，而他們的父親在釣魚，微笑著看著他的孩子)”可知，孩子們?cè)诖浇覒?，父親在釣魚，并微笑著看著他的孩子們。由此可知，事故前，父親和他的孩子度過(guò)了一段非常愉快的時(shí)光。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thefatherhadtofollowhisdaughter.SotheresponsibilitytosavethefamilywasnowonyoungChase’sshoulders.(父親不得不跟著女兒。因此，拯救這個(gè)家的責(zé)任現(xiàn)在落在了小蔡斯的肩上)”可知，父親不得不跟著女兒，所以拯救這個(gè)家的責(zé)任落到了Chase的肩上，結(jié)合第三段“Steveninstructedhissontoswimtotheshoreandfindimmediatehelp.Meanwhile,hewouldattempttoretrievehislittlegirl,whowascontinuouslybeingpulledfartherfromhisreach.(Steven指示他的兒子游到岸邊并立即尋求幫助。與此同時(shí)，他會(huì)試圖找回他的小女孩，她一直被沖得離他越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn))”可知，在讓兒子去岸邊尋求幫助的同時(shí)，Steven在試圖找回他的女兒。由此可知，之所以指望著Chase尋求幫助是因?yàn)樗仨氃O(shè)法救他的女兒。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Whenhegrewtired,Chasecleverlyfloatedonhisback;attimes,hepaddledtoconservehisenergy.Oncehereachedtheshore,heracedtotheclosesthousehecouldfind,knockedonthedoorandscreamedforhelp.(當(dāng)他累了的時(shí)候，Chase聰明地在水上漂浮著；有時(shí)，他踩水以節(jié)省體力。一到岸邊，他就跑到最近的一所房子前，敲了敲門，大聲呼救)”可知，Chase在游回岸邊尋求幫助時(shí)能在不同的情況下做出聰明和靈活的行動(dòng)，這是他們能安全返回的原因；根據(jù)尾段中的“TheJacksonvilleFireandRescueDepartmentrespondedquickly.(杰克遜維爾消防和救援部門迅速做出反應(yīng))”可知，消防部門迅速做出反應(yīng)也是他們安全返回的原因之一；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Oncehereachedtheshore,heracedtotheclosesthousehecouldfind,knockedonthedoorandscreamedforhelp.Theownersansweredandimmediatelydialed911.(一到岸邊，他就跑到最近的一所房子前，敲了敲門，大聲呼救。房主做出回應(yīng)，立即撥打了911)”可知，Chase到岸上后敲響最近的一所房子的門，并大聲呼救，房主馬上撥打了911，所以，房主的善良與熱心也可以是他們得以安全返回的原因之一，文章中未提到Abigail與Steven的樂(lè)觀和永不放棄活著的希望。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Astheyalldriftedfartherfromtheboat,thedesperatefatherpushedhissontoasaferplaceandtriedtostickwithhisdaughteraslongashecould.(當(dāng)他們都離船越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候，絕望的父親把兒子推到一個(gè)更安全的地方，并盡可能地和女兒呆在一起)”可知，在船離他們?cè)絹?lái)越遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候，Steven把兒子推到安全的地方，自己盡可能與女兒在一起，結(jié)合第三段中的“Steveninstructedhissontoswimtotheshoreandfindimmediatehelp.Meanwhile,hewouldattempttoretrievehislittlegirl,whowascontinuouslybeingpulledfartherfromhisreach.(Steven指示他的兒子游到岸邊并立即尋求幫助。與此同時(shí)，他會(huì)試圖找回他的小女孩，她一直被拉得離他越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn))”可知，Steven在危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)刻讓自己的兒子游到岸邊尋求幫助，而他試圖找回他的女兒。由此推知，Steven是一個(gè)忠誠(chéng)的人，且在遇到事情的時(shí)候能夠冷靜地面對(duì)，并想辦法解決問(wèn)題，所以他還是個(gè)很冷靜的人。故選A項(xiàng)。CSharingabedwithapetatnightisacommonfeatureofnighttimeroutinesintheUnitedStates.Accordingtoa2021—2022survey,43percentofpetdogsintheUnitedStatesand49percentofpetcatssleepontheirowner’sbed.Whenitcomestotheperksofsharingyourbedwithyourfavoritefurryfriend,however,expertsaredivided.First,it’sworthnotingthatthemajorityofresearchonthetopicofco-sleepingwithpetshasfocusedondogsratherthancats.MarkFierstein,aninternalmedicinespecialistatNYULangoneHealthinNewYorkCity,suggeststhisisbecausecatsmaywanttoplayorevenpurposelywakeuptheirowner.Rabbitsorhamstersarealsooutofthequestion.Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.“Often,peoplewhoco-sleepwithpetsreportanincreasedsenseofsecurity,companionship,andrelaxation,”henotes.“Forsomepeople,thedog’swarmth,steadyheartbeat,andprotectivenaturecanmakesleepingwiththemfeelsafeandcozy.”Thismaybeespeciallytrueofpeoplewhoaremanagingtraumaorpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.Someresearchsuggestsco-sleepingwithpetsmayincreasemid-nightawakeningsforpeople.“Iftheownerisalightsleeper,heorshemaynotdowellwithadogorcatinthebedroom,”notesFierstein.Forexample,hepointsoutthatadogwhosnoresloudlyisnotanidealsleepingmate.Dogsmayalsoshowaggressivebehavior—suchasbiting.Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens,likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.8.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“perks”inthefirstparagraph?A.disadvantages B.numbers C.possibility D.bonus9.Accordingtothetext,whomightbethemostsuitableonetosleepwithadog?A.Anewbornbaby. B.Asurvivorofanearthquake.C.Anoldmanwithaheartdisease. D.Ayoungmansufferingfromlackofsleep.10.WhichoneisNOTthebenefittosleepwithapet?A.Torelievepost-traumaticstressdisorder. B.Topreventloneliness.C.Togetasenseofsecurity. D.Toavoidpotentialallergens.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssleepingwithpets?A.Objective B.Skeptical C.Ambiguous D.Approving【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是與自己的寵物在一張床上睡的好處以及由此帶來(lái)的潛在的問(wèn)題?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.(菲爾斯坦說(shuō)，和寵物一起睡覺(jué)的一個(gè)好處是，這種做法可以防止孤獨(dú)感)”可知，菲爾斯坦說(shuō)，與寵物一起可以防止孤獨(dú)感，結(jié)合下文中的“LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.(心理學(xué)家萊斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)說(shuō)，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，60%的PTSD患者醒來(lái)時(shí)看到狗的存在會(huì)感到平靜)”可知，心理學(xué)家萊斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)說(shuō)說(shuō)，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多PTSD患者醒來(lái)時(shí)能看到狗的存在會(huì)感到平靜，結(jié)合劃線單詞后的“expertsaredivided.”可知，專家們?cè)谡務(wù)摰脚c狗一起睡的“好處”時(shí)，專家們的看法不一，由此可知，劃線單詞的意思與“好處”意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thismaybeespeciallytrueofpeoplewhoaremanagingtraumaorpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.(對(duì)于那些正在處理創(chuàng)傷或創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙(PTSD)的人來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此。心理學(xué)家萊斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)說(shuō)，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，60%的PTSD患者醒來(lái)時(shí)看到狗的存在會(huì)感到平靜)”可知，萊斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)說(shuō)，對(duì)于那些正處理創(chuàng)傷或創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的人來(lái)說(shuō)，醒來(lái)后看到狗的存在會(huì)感到平靜，由此可知，地震的幸存者應(yīng)該是最適合與狗一起睡的人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens,likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.(讓寵物進(jìn)入臥室也會(huì)讓主人接觸到潛在的過(guò)敏原，比如寵物毛發(fā)，以及導(dǎo)致疾病的病毒)”可知，與寵物一起睡可能讓主人接觸到潛在的過(guò)敏原，此處講述的是與寵物一起睡帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，所以，避免潛在的過(guò)敏原不是與寵物一起睡的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“Accordingtoa2021—2022survey,43percentofpetdogsintheUnitedStatesand49percentofpetcatssleepontheirowner’sbed.(根據(jù)2021-2022年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，美國(guó)43%的寵物狗和49%的寵物貓睡在主人的床上)”可知，作者通過(guò)具體的數(shù)據(jù)表明很美國(guó)很多人與寵物一起睡，根據(jù)第三段中的“Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.(菲爾斯坦說(shuō)，和寵物一起睡覺(jué)的一個(gè)好處是，這種做法可以防止孤獨(dú)感)”可知，菲爾斯坦說(shuō)，與寵物一起睡可以防止孤獨(dú)感，并在下文中列舉了很多與寵物一起睡的好處，結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“Someresearchsuggestsco-sleepingwithpetsmayincreasemid-nightawakeningsforpeople.(一些研究表明，與寵物共睡可能會(huì)增加人們半夜醒來(lái)的次數(shù))”和尾段“Dogsmayalsoshowaggressivebehavior—suchasbiting.Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens,likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.(狗也可能表現(xiàn)出攻擊性行為，比如咬人。讓寵物進(jìn)入臥室也會(huì)讓主人接觸到潛在的過(guò)敏原，比如寵物毛發(fā)，以及導(dǎo)致疾病的病毒)”可知，作者在最后兩段介紹了與寵物一起睡可能會(huì)帶來(lái)的一些問(wèn)題，綜合以上信息可知，作者既介紹了與寵物一起睡的好處，也介紹了與寵物一起睡可能會(huì)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，所以作者對(duì)與寵物一起睡的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A項(xiàng)。DNow,anewtrialfindsantiviralmedications,whengivensoonafterachildisdiagnosedwithtype1diabetes(糖尿病),mighthelppreservethosevitalbeta(β)cells.Antiviraldrugscouldbe“usedalone,oraspartofcombinationtreatment,torescueinsulin(胰島素)—producingbetacellsatdiagnosisoftype1diabetes,”saidateamthatpresentedtheirfindingsattheannualmeetingoftheEuropeanAssociationfortheStudyofDiabetes,inHamburg.So-calledbetacellsinthepancreas(胰腺)cangenerateinsulin.Butinsomecases,anuncontrolledauto-immuneresponsecausesthebodytoattackitsownbetacells,ruiningachild’scapacitytoproduceinsulinandcausetype1diabetes.Sopeoplewithtype1diabetesrelyoninsulininjectionstomaintainhealthybloodsugarlevelstherestoftheirlives.Theresearchershavebeeninvestigatingtherootcausesoftheautoimmune“malfunction”behindbetacelldestructionforyears,andtheydiscoveredthatlow-gradeinfectionswithcommongermsoftenoccurinthepancreaticcellsofpeoplenewlydiagnosedwithtypeldiabetes.Sowhatifthesepeopleweregivenantivirals—inthiscase,pleconarilandribavirin—toridthepancreasoftheseinfections?Thenewtrial,ledbyDr.Mynarek,soughttoanswerthatquestion.Theteamfollowed96childrenaged6to15whowerealldiagnosedwithtype1diabetesinthestudy.Thechildrenwererandomlyselectedtoreceiveeitherthetwoantiviralmedicinesoraplacebo(無(wú)效對(duì)照劑)forsixmonths.Mynarek’sgrouptrackedC-peptideslevelsintheblood,which“mirrortheinsulinproductioninthepancreas,”implyingthatthehigherachild’sC-peptidelevelsontests,thebettertheirpancreaswasproducinginsulin.Accordingtotheirfindings,whileC-peptidelevelsdroppedafull24%inchildrenwhoreceivedtheplacebo,itfellbyjust11%inthosewhogottheantivirals.Thatsuggeststhetreatmenthelpedprotectthechild’spancreaticbetacellsfromdestruction.Theresearchersconcludedthat“furtherstudiesshouldbedonetoevaluatewhetherantiviraltreatmentcoulddelaytheprogressionofbeta-celldamageleadingtoclinicaltypeldiabetes.”12.What’sthefunctionofbetacells?A.Toattacktheviruses. B.Toproduceinsulin.C.Tocausediabetes. D.Toabsorbdrugs.13.Howdoesthenewdrugworkfordiabetes?A.Tokillthegermsinfectingourpancreas. B.Toinjectinsulintoourbody.C.Tohelpcreatemorebetacells. D.Topreventcommongermsfromattacks.14.WhatdoesthetrialfindaccordingtoMynarek’sgroup?A.Therewasnoobviousdifferencebetweenthetwogroups.B.ThekidsgivenaplaceboshowahigherC-peptidelevelsthanothers.C.Thekidsgivenantiviralmedicinesproducemoreinsulinthanothers.D.Thekidstakingaplaceboproducemoreinsulinthanothers.15.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TherootcauseofdiabeteshasbeenfoundB.BetacellscouldbepreservedbyinsulinC.AutoimmuneresponsecouldcausebodydiabetesD.AntiviralmedicinescouldhelpeaseTypeldiabetes【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，該研究表明服用抗病毒藥物可以幫助緩解1型糖尿病?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“So-calledbetacellsinthepancreas(胰腺)cangenerateinsulin.(胰腺中所謂的β細(xì)胞可以產(chǎn)生胰島素)”可知betacells的功能是產(chǎn)生胰島素。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sowhatifthesepeopleweregivenantivirals—inthiscase,pleconarilandribavirin—toridthepancreasoftheseinfections?(那么，如果給這些人服用抗病毒藥物——在這種情況下，是普萊納爾和利巴韋林——來(lái)清除胰腺的這些感染呢？)”可知，新藥物是通過(guò)消除胰腺的感染來(lái)治療糖尿病的。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段c肽水平和胰島素分泌能力的關(guān)系“Mynarek’sgrouptrackedC-peptideslevelsintheblood,which“mirrortheinsulinproductioninthepancreas,”implyingthatthehigherachild’sC-peptidelevelsontests,thebettertheirpancreaswasproducinginsulin.(Mynarek的研究小組追蹤了血液中的c肽水平，它“反映了胰腺中胰島素的產(chǎn)生”，這意味著在測(cè)試中，孩子的c肽水平越高，他們的胰腺分泌胰島素的能力就越強(qiáng))”以及研究結(jié)果“Accordingtotheirfindings,whileC-peptidelevelsdroppedafull24%inchildrenwhoreceivedtheplacebo,itfellbyjust11%inthosewhogottheantivirals.Thatsuggeststhetreatmenthelpedprotectthechild’spancreaticbetacellsfromdestruction.(根據(jù)他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，服用安慰劑的兒童c肽水平下降了整整24%，而服用抗病毒藥物的兒童c肽水平只下降了11%)”可知，研究表明，服用抗病毒藥物的兒童c肽水平較高，即他們可分泌更多的胰島素。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Now,anewtrialfindsantiviralmedications,whengivensoonafterachildisdiagnosedwithtype1diabetes(糖尿病),mighthelppreservethosevitalbeta(β)cells.(現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在孩子被診斷為1型糖尿病后立即給予抗病毒藥物，可能有助于保護(hù)那些至關(guān)重要的β細(xì)胞)”可知這篇文章是一項(xiàng)研究，研究表明服用抗病毒藥物對(duì)診斷為1型糖尿病的兒童有幫助。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“AntiviralmedicinescouldhelpeaseTypeldiabetes(抗病毒藥物可以幫助緩解1型糖尿病)”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThePowerof“Like”Likeitorloveit,socialmediaisamajorpartoflife.Teensspendmorethanhalfoftheirwakinghoursonline.Andmostofwhattheydoisreadandrespondtopostsbyfriendsandfamily.Clickingonathumbs-upisaneasywaytostayintouch.____16____Clicking“l(fā)ike”onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.____17____Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.What’smore,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmany“l(fā)ikes”)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.____18____Seeingsomeoneelse’spopularphoto,however,doesn’tnecessarilyturniton.____19____Inone2011study,teensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,whichsuggestedthatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.Andtheymakesimilarchangeswhenusingsocialmediaaccordingtoaresearchconductedlastyear.Theresearchshowedthatpopularphotosmightsignaltoteensthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.Forexample,imagesrelatedtoalcoholmayencourageteenstodrink.Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.Joiningsocialmediacangivepeopleasenseofbeingintheknow.However,postsmayexaggerate(夸張)howwellourfriendsandothersarefeeling,makingthemappearmuchhappierthanweare.____20____A.Itcanalsolowertheviewer’sself-control.B.Teensuseittolearnhowtohandletheirsocialworld.C.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.D.It’snosurprisethatresponsesfrompeersaffecthowteensbehave.E.Theirbrainsrespondtothose“l(fā)ikes”byturningontherewardcenter.F.Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.G.Butthose“l(fā)ikes”canhavepowerthatgoesbeyondasimpleconnection.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了點(diǎn)贊對(duì)青少年產(chǎn)生的影響。【16題詳解】上文“Clickingonathumbs-upisaneasywaytostayintouch.(點(diǎn)贊是保持聯(lián)系的一種簡(jiǎn)單方式)”說(shuō)明點(diǎn)贊是一種比較簡(jiǎn)單的保持聯(lián)系方式，G項(xiàng)“但這些“贊”的力量可以超越簡(jiǎn)單的聯(lián)系”與其緊密銜接，“asimpleconnection”與“aneasywaytostayintouch”相呼應(yīng)，并引出文章的主題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Clicking“l(fā)ike”onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.(在帖子上點(diǎn)擊“喜歡”可以增加看到它的人數(shù)。如果其他人點(diǎn)贊了一個(gè)帖子，新觀眾也更有可能點(diǎn)贊)”以及后文“Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.(因此，這種受歡迎程度可以靠自己來(lái)維持)”可知，本句是在說(shuō)明點(diǎn)贊多的帖子對(duì)后文受歡迎程度之間的關(guān)系，故C選項(xiàng)“許多社交媒體網(wǎng)站分享更多排名較高的帖子”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【18題詳解】上文“What’smore,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmany“l(fā)ikes”)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.(更重要的是，看到自己的帖子有很多點(diǎn)贊，會(huì)激活他們大腦中的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)。對(duì)青少年自己照片的積極回應(yīng)（以許多贊的形式）告訴他們，他們的朋友很欣賞他們發(fā)布的材料)”提到青少年看到自己的帖子被點(diǎn)贊會(huì)激活他們大腦的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)，E項(xiàng)“他們的大腦通過(guò)打開(kāi)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)中心來(lái)對(duì)這些贊做出反應(yīng)”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?9題詳解】下文“Inone2011study,teensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,whichsuggestedthatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.(在2011年的一項(xiàng)研究中，青少年在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做駕駛?cè)蝿?wù)時(shí)，當(dāng)他們的朋友在身邊時(shí)，他們冒了更多的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這表明青少年正在改變他們的行為，試圖獲得社會(huì)的認(rèn)可)”說(shuō)明青少年有朋友在身邊時(shí)，他們會(huì)改變自己的行為，D項(xiàng)“毫不奇怪，來(lái)自同齡人的反饋會(huì)影響青少年的行為”與舉例說(shuō)明的內(nèi)容吻合，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Butpostsmayexaggerate(夸大)howwellourfriendsandothersarefeeling,makingthemappearmuchhappierthanweare.(但是帖子可能會(huì)夸大我們的朋友和其他人的感覺(jué)，使他們看起來(lái)比我們快樂(lè)得多)”可知，帖子可能會(huì)使得他們看起來(lái)比我們更快樂(lè)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.(這可能會(huì)不恰當(dāng)?shù)刈屛覀冇X(jué)得自己不如他們成功)”中描述的內(nèi)容與空前內(nèi)容相對(duì)應(yīng)，且其中的代詞them以及us空前內(nèi)容指代一致。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Afour-year-oldchildinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.Thesituationtooka___21___turnaround6:00p.m.whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.Reactingimmediately,thehunter___22___anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild'slocation.Theoperators___23___immediately,applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition.Thiscrucialinformationwasthen___24___senttotherelatedLawEnforcementDivisionandthecounty'sfirst___25___.Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamquickly___26___tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately___27___aheartwarmingreunion.Themissingfour-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.Despiteher___28___experience,shewasfoundtobeinsurprisinglygood___29___,exceptherunderstandabletiredness,thirstandfear.The____30____rescuewastheresultofthe____31____betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole.TheNewberryCountySheriffsOfficeexpressedtheir____32____fortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingthose____33____theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch.Andtheyshowedtheirreliefatthe____34____ofthelittlegirlinthecareoffamily.Theirheroicactionswillbe____35____asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyinthecomingyears.21.A.hopeful B.disappointing C.reasonable D.challenging22.A.received B.placed C.missed D.answered23.A.appeared B.escaped C.arrived D.acted24.A.optionally B.carefully C.entirely D.rapidly25.A.rescuers B.discoverers C.operators D.survivors26.A.adapted B.returned C.pointed D.headed27.A.paidfor B.setup C.ledto D.tookon28.A.regretful B.frightening C.annoying D.shameful29.A.mind B.shape C.order D.faith30.A.risky B.traditional C.remarkable D.joyful31.A.respect B.balance C.cooperation D.discussion32.A.blessing B.kindness C.concern D.gratitude33.A.offering B.praising C.advocating D.assessing34.A.performance B.virtue C.recovery D.courage35.A.celebrated B.perfected C.performed D.corrected【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.B30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一個(gè)兩歲的小女孩丟失了，在救援中各部門行動(dòng)迅速，積極配合，不懈努力，讓孩子及時(shí)得救?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：下午6點(diǎn)左右，當(dāng)該地區(qū)的一名獵人聽(tīng)到失蹤兒童的哭聲時(shí)，情況發(fā)生了有希望的轉(zhuǎn)折。A.hopeful有希望的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.reasonable合理的；D.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)下文“whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.”可知，尋找孩子有了希望。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：獵人立即做出反應(yīng)，撥打了緊急電話，告訴當(dāng)局孩子的位置。A.received收到；B.placed放置，撥打；C.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)；D.answered回答。根據(jù)下文“anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.”可知，獵人撥打急救電話。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：操作人員立即行動(dòng)，應(yīng)用先進(jìn)的測(cè)繪技術(shù)確定位置。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.escaped逃逸；C.arrived到達(dá)；D.acted行為。根據(jù)下文“applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition”可知，收到急救電話后，操作人員立刻就行動(dòng)了起來(lái)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這一重要信息隨后迅速被送往南卡羅來(lái)納州的一個(gè)執(zhí)法部門和該縣的第一個(gè)救援人員。A.optionally可選地；B.carefully小心地；C.entirely完全地；D.rapidly迅速地。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，救援是緊急的，應(yīng)迅速傳達(dá)信息。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.rescuers救援人員；B.discoverers發(fā)現(xiàn)者；C.operators操作員；D.survivors幸存者。根據(jù)下文“Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately_______aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，信息應(yīng)傳達(dá)給救援人員。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有了定位數(shù)據(jù)，搜索隊(duì)很快就向森林地區(qū)前進(jìn)。A.adapted適應(yīng)；B.returned返回；C.pointed指出；D.headed朝(某方向)行進(jìn)。根據(jù)上文“Withthelocationdatainhand”可知，搜索人員在定位數(shù)據(jù)的指引下前行。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這些救援人員的不懈努力最終促成了一次溫馨的團(tuán)聚。A.paidfor付款；B.setup設(shè)置；C.ledto導(dǎo)致；D.tookon呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“aheartwarmingreunion”可知，救援人員的付出讓孩子和家人團(tuán)聚。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她有著令人害怕的經(jīng)歷，但人們發(fā)現(xiàn)她的身體狀況出奇地好，除了可以理解的疲倦、口渴和恐懼。A.regretful遺憾的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.annoying煩人的；D.shameful可恥的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，走丟了是令人害怕的經(jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.mind心智；B.shape狀況；C.order訂單；D.faith信仰。根據(jù)上文“Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries”可知，小女孩狀況很好。beingoodshape“狀態(tài)良好”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這次引人注目的營(yíng)救行動(dòng)是不同部門之間通力合作的結(jié)果。A.risky有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.remarkable顯著的；D.joyful快樂(lè)的。根據(jù)全文以及上文“Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly_______tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately_____aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，這次救援中各部門行動(dòng)迅速，配合好，是一次引人注目的營(yíng)救行動(dòng)。不懈努力才讓孩子及時(shí)得救了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.respect尊重；B.balance平衡；C.cooperation合作；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)下文“betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole”可知，是各部門的通力合作讓救援變得很順利。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：紐伯里縣治安官辦公室對(duì)包括市民在內(nèi)的所有相關(guān)人員的努力表示感謝，并感謝他們?cè)谒褜み^(guò)程中提供的想法和祈禱。A.blessing祝福；B.kindness善良；C.concern關(guān)注；D.gratitude感激。根據(jù)下文“ortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose_____