浙江省杭州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平測(cè)試高一年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上：如有改動(dòng)，先擦掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意：回答聽(tīng)力部分時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhydoesBellapreparephotos?A.Foraproject.B.Forhermother.C.Foramarriage.2.Whenwillthebusleave?A.Before7am.B.At7am.C.At7:05am.3.Whatwillthewomandonextweek?A.Bringgoodnews.B.Haveacompetition.C.Presentherwriting.4.Wherearethespeakers?AOnabus.B.Atalostandfoundcenter.C.Inabackpackstore.5.Howmuchmoneywillthewomanhaveleftifshebuysthegift?A.3euros.B.2euros.C.1euro.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Wheredoesthemanlivenow?A.InChile.B.InUK.C.InGermany.7.Whichsportdoesthemanplayquiteoften?A.Football.B.Basketball.C.Tennis.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Howmuchtimedidthewomanspendonthebeach?A.Notime.B.Alittletime.C.Muchtime.9.HowwastheweatherthefirstdaythewomanarrivedinItaly?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.10.Whatclothesitemsdidthewomanbuy?A.Dressesandshorts.B.Apairoftrainers.C.Apairofjeansandajacket.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.HowmanyclassesdoesTanyahavebeforethebreak?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.12.WhatsubjectdoTanyaandChrisbothlike?A.Science.B.Drama.C.French.13.WhatisChrisdoingduringtheconversation?A.ShowingTanyatoherclassroom.B.HelpingTanyarearrangeaschedule.C.InvitingTanyatohavelunchtogether.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhatdoesRashidthinkofthenewprojectteam?A.Theyaskeachotherforhelp.B.Theyshareinformation.C.Theyeachworkbythemselves.15.HowdidRashidgettheteamtoknoweachotheratfirst?A.Byholdingameeting.B.Byattendingatalk.C.Byintroducingtheproject.16.Whatisoneofthewoman’ssuggestions?A.Organizingateam-building.B.Forminganewteam.C.Havingadailylunchmeeting.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.HowdidLanestarttomakemoney?A.Fromdailynewspapers.B.Fromhiswriting.C.Fromnewbooks.18.WhydidLane’swebsitebecomepopular?A.Forhisopinions.B.Forhiscreativity.C.Forhiskindness.19.WhatdoesLanedofirstinhisdailylives?A.Heoffershelptoothers.B.Hefinisheshishomework.C.Hemanageshiswebsite.20.WhatisLane’splanforfuture?A.Givingspeeches.B.Applyingforajob.C.Studyingincollege.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFlylikesuperman!Haveyoueverimaginedhowitfeelswhenfreshairisinyourface?Ortoseethebeautyofnaturefromthetop?Youcandoitinahotairballoonride.Hotairballooningistheactivityofflyinginabaskethangingoverahotairballoon.Attractivepartsofballooningincludetheunusualquiet,thelackofafeelingofmovement,andthebird’s-eyeview.Sincetheballoonmoveswiththedirectionofthewinds,thepassengersfeelabsolutelynowind,exceptforbriefperiodsduringtheflightwhentheballoonclimbsorfallsintoaircurrentsofdifferentdirectionsorspeeds.HotairballooninghasbeenrecognizedbytheWorldAeronauticalFederation(WAF)asthesafestairsport,andaccidentsseldomhappen.However,youmustfollowsomerulessuchas:*Youhavetorespectthelimitofpassengersallowedintheride.Acatlánhasdrawnnewattentiontothedangerofballooning.Fouryearsago,11peoplewereinjuredand2werekilledwhentheirhotairballoonbasketstruckinlineandcaughtfire.*Thepilotmustchecktheweatherandselectasuitabletake-offpoint.Thecurrentandforecastweathermusthavegoodvisibilityforthepilottosee,andslowwindstoallowtake-offandlanding.*Childrenagedundertwelvehavetobewiththeirparentsallthetour.*Pilotsmustnotcarrypassengerswhohaveparticipatedinscubadive(蛙潛)thedaybefore.Therearemanyregular(定期)gatheringsofballoonsandballoonistsinHidalgoaroundtheyear,whichprovidebothaplaceforballooniststointeractaswellasaplaceforvisitorstoentertain.Youmusttrythisactivityatleastonceinalifetime.1.Whatisanattractionofhotairballooning?A.Hearingthesoundofthewind. B.Enjoyingabreathtakingview.C.Experiencingdifferentweather. D.Havingafeelingofmovement.2.Whatcanwelearnfromtherulesofhotairballooning?A.13passengersareallowedonboardatmost.B.Itallowstake-offorlandinginstrongwinds.C.Apersonaged12andoldercanridealone.D.Anyscubadiversareallowedaspassengers.3.Whatkindoftextisit?A.Anewsreport. B.Ascientificresearch.C.Atravelguide. D.Atechnicaldocument.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了熱氣球旅行的相關(guān)事項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Attractivepartsofballooningincludetheunusualquiet,thelackofafeelingofmovement,andthebird’s-eyeview.(氣球飛行吸引人的地方包括不同尋常的安靜、缺乏運(yùn)動(dòng)感和鳥(niǎo)瞰圖)”可知，熱氣球旅行可以享受鳥(niǎo)瞰圖，故享受令人嘆為觀止的景色是熱氣球的一大吸引力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三個(gè)*部分“Childrenagedundertwelvehavetobewiththeirparentsallthetour.(十二歲以下的孩子必須全程陪伴在父母身邊)”可知，12歲及以上的人可以獨(dú)自乘坐熱氣球。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文及文章最后一段“TherearemanyregulargatheringsofballoonsandballoonistsinHidalgoaroundtheyear,whichprovidebothaplaceforballooniststointeractaswellasaplaceforvisitorstoentertain.Youmusttrythisactivityatleastonceinalifetime.(一年中，伊達(dá)爾戈有許多氣球和氣球愛(ài)好者的定期聚會(huì)，這既是氣球愛(ài)好者互動(dòng)的地方，也是游客娛樂(lè)的地方。您一生中必須至少嘗試一次此活動(dòng))”可知，文章主要介紹了熱氣球旅行的相關(guān)事項(xiàng)，故本文是一則旅行指南。故選C項(xiàng)。BWorkingforabigcompanyinLondononasalary(薪水)ofover￡100,000,youmightexpectGraydenReece-Smithtohavealuxurious(奢侈)lifestyle,goingonexpensiveholidaysordrivingasportscararoundsouthLondon,wherehelives.Infact,the28-year-oldlivesaverydifferentexistencefromhiscolleagues.Hegivesawayeverythingheearnsover￡42,000–afigurethathethoughthecouldcomfortablyliveon.Overthepastfiveyears,Reece-Smithhashandedovermorethan￡250,000toorganizationssuchasInternationalCareMinistries,whichhelpspoorfamiliesinthePhilippines,andtheAgainstMalariaFoundation.Heispartofagrowingnumberofyoungprofessionalsdescribedas“effectivealtruists”.Effectivealtruiststypicallydonateregularlytoacharitywhichtheythinkwillhaveagreatimpact(影響).Somechangecareerstomakemoremoney,whichcanthenbegivenaway.Reece-Smithconsideredworkinginthecharitysectoraftergraduatingfromuniversitybutthoughtthathecouldmakeabiggerdifferencebydonatingalargepartofhissalary.HehadvolunteeredasateacherataschoolinTanzania,butthenrealizedthatearningandgivingwouldbemoreeffective.“Thecostofmyflightstherecouldhavepaidthesalariesoftwoteachersforanentireyear,”hesays.Instead,hecould“stayathome,livinganicelifeandstillmakeahugedifferenceintheworld”.Heisnotmeanwithmoney-lastyearhewenttoCubaonholiday,andspentseveralthousandpoundsonanewsofa.Buthislifestyleisn’tasluxuriousassomeofthepeopleheworkswith.“Iusuallydon’tbuysupermarket-brandedfoodproducts,butIdon’townacar.Otherpeopleonmysalarymighthaveabiggerhouse.Someofmycolleagueshavefour-bedroomhouses,butweonlyboughtwhatweneeded-atwo-bedroomflat.￡42,000ismorethanenoughtoliveonandstillsave,”hesays.4.HowmuchmoneydoesGraydenspendondonationeveryyear?A.Lessthan￡42,000. B.Over￡100.000.C.￡50,000. D.Anyincomeover￡42,000.5.Whatmayan“effectivealtruist”doaccordingtothetext?A.Donatetoimpactfulcharities. B.Makemoremoneytoenjoylives.C.Createagoodpublicimage. D.Enterateachingprofession.6.WhydidGraydendecidetodonatemoneybutnotworkinthecharitysector?A.Toaccesshisinnerlife. B.Tocreateastrongereffect.C.Togiveawayallofhissalary. D.Tobeateacherataschool.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutGraydenfromthetext?A.Heleadsanexpensivelifestyle. B.Hebuysfoodproducedbysupermarkets.C.Helivesinafour-bedroomhouse. D.Hebalanceshislifeanddonation.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述GraydenReece-Smith每年除了留下￡42,000薪水生活外，會(huì)把剩余的薪水捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Hegivesawayeverythingheearnsover￡42,000–afigurethathethoughthecouldcomfortablyliveon.(他捐出了他收入超過(guò)4.2萬(wàn)英鎊的一切——他認(rèn)為4.2萬(wàn)英鎊已經(jīng)可以讓他過(guò)上舒適的生活。)”可知，Grayden會(huì)捐贈(zèng)出任何超過(guò)42000英鎊的收入。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Heispartofagrowingnumberofyoungprofessionalsdescribedas‘effectivealtruists’.Effectivealtruiststypicallydonateregularlytoacharitywhichtheythinkwillhaveagreatimpact（影響）.(他是越來(lái)越多被稱為‘有效利他主義者’的年輕專業(yè)人士中的一員。有效的利他主義者通常會(huì)定期向他們認(rèn)為會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大影響的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐款。)”可知，利他主義者會(huì)向有影響力的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐款。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Reece-Smithconsideredworkinginthecharitysectoraftergraduatingfromuniversity,butthoughtthathecouldmakeabiggerdifferencebydonatingalargepartofhissalary.(ReeceSmith大學(xué)畢業(yè)后曾考慮在慈善部門工作，但他認(rèn)為自己可以通過(guò)捐出大部分工資來(lái)做出更大的改變。)”可知，Grayden認(rèn)為捐款會(huì)產(chǎn)生更大的效果。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Iusuallydon’tbuysupermarket-brandedfoodproducts,butIdon’townacar.Otherpeopleonmysalarymighthaveabiggerhouse.Someofmycolleagueshavefour-bedroomhouses,butweonlyboughtwhatweneeded-atwo-bedroomflat.￡42,000ismorethanenoughtoliveonandstillsave,(我通常不買超市品牌的食品，但我沒(méi)有汽車。其他拿我薪水的人可能會(huì)有更大的房子。我的一些同事有四居室的房子，但我們只買了我們需要的——一套兩居室的公寓。42000英鎊已經(jīng)足夠生活和儲(chǔ)蓄了)”可知，Grayden能很好的平衡自己的生活和捐贈(zèng)。故選D項(xiàng)。CInthepastfewweeks,RichardEckersleyhasnoticedachangeinthetypeofpeoplewhocomeintohisshop.In2017,theformerManchesterUnitedfootballersetupEarth.Food.LoveinTones,Devon,withhiswife,Nicola.It’stheUK’sfirst“zerowaste”store—thefoodisinbigjarsandboxesandpeoplebringtheirowncontainers.“Alotofnewpeoplearecomingin-peoplewhohavenotnecessarilybeeninterestedinenvironmentalissuesbefore”,hesays.Recently,thegovernmentcalledforsupermarketstointroduceplastic-freepassageways.ButEckersleysaysmanycustomersarealreadywayaheadofpoliticians.HeandNicolahavehelpedpeoplesetupsimilarstoresinWales,Birmingham,andBristol.IngridCaldironihadasimilaridea.Shesetupaplastic-freeshopinLondonlastyear,whichhasbeensopopularthatitissoonmovingtoabiggersite.EckersleyandCaldironiaremembersofananti-plasticsmovementintheUKthathasbeengrowingasaresultoftheBBC’sBluePlanetseriesandageneralworryaboutthedamageplasticisdoingtotheenvironment.Butbigsupermarketshavesofarnottriedveryhardtoreducetheirplasticwaste.SianSutherland,founderofthemovement“APlasticPlanet”,says,“Themostexcitingthingisthatpoliticiansandindustryarenolongersayingthatrecyclingwillsolvetheproblem.Banningtheuseofplasticpackagingforfoodanddrinkproductsistheonlyanswer.”Walkingdownthepassagewaysofthesupermarketwhereeverythingfrompizzatofreshfruitandvegetablesiscoveredinplastic.Sutherlandsaysimmediateactionisneeded.Plasticpollutioniscausingwidespreadglobaldamage.Morethanonemillionplasticbottlesareboughtaroundtheworldeveryminute,andmostendupinlandfillorthesea.Thecontaminationissowidethattapwateraroundtheworldalsocontainsplastic.8.WhatisspecialaboutEarth.Food.Love?A.Itgivesawayboxesoffood. B.Itisastorewithoutplasticbags.C.Ithasfewnewcustomers. D.ItistheUK’sfirstsupermarket.9.WhatcausedCaldironi’sshoptoberelocatedtoalargerplace?A.Itspopularity. B.Itsproducts. C.Itsprofits. D.Itssimilarity.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contamination”inlastparagraphmean?A.Pollution. B.Acceptance. C.Influence. D.Application.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheimpactofBBC’sBluePlanetseriesonanti-plasticsmovements.B.Risinganti-plasticsmovementalongsideincreasingenvironmentalconcerns.C.Aguidetosettingupplastic-freestorestopromoterecyclinginthewholeUK.DRichardEckersley’spersonaljourneyinwastereductionandpollutionprevention.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以沒(méi)有塑料袋的商店Earth.Food.Love為例，說(shuō)明了政府和個(gè)人都在關(guān)注塑料污染問(wèn)題，提倡減少使用塑料。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’stheUK’sfirst“zerowaste”store—thefoodisinbigjarsandboxesandpeoplebringtheirowncontainers.(這是英國(guó)第一家“零浪費(fèi)”商店——食物裝在大罐子和盒子里，人們自己帶著容器)”以及第二段“Shesetupaplastic-freeshopinLondonlastyear,whichhasbeensopopularthatitissoonmovingtoabiggersite.(去年，她在倫敦開(kāi)了一家無(wú)塑料商店，這家商店非常受歡迎，很快就會(huì)搬到更大的地方)”可知，Earth.Food.Love的特別之處是一家沒(méi)有塑料袋的商店。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Shesetupaplastic-freeshopinLondonlastyear,whichhasbeensopopularthatitissoonmovingtoabiggersite.(去年，她在倫敦開(kāi)了一家無(wú)塑料商店，這家商店非常受歡迎，很快就會(huì)搬到更大的地方)”可知，這家店的受歡迎程度讓卡爾迪羅尼的店搬到了一個(gè)更大的地方。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Plasticpollutioniscausingwidespreadglobaldamage.Morethanonemillionplasticbottlesareboughtaroundtheworldeveryminute,andmostendupinlandfillorthesea.(塑料污染正在造成廣泛的全球破壞。世界各地每分鐘售出100多萬(wàn)個(gè)塑料瓶，其中大多數(shù)最終被填埋或入海)”以及后文“issowidethattapwateraroundtheworldalsocontainsplastic.”可知，塑料污染范圍如此之廣，以至于世界各地的自來(lái)水也含有塑料。故劃線詞意思是“污染”。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段“Recently,thegovernmentcalledforsupermarketstointroduceplastic-freepassageways.ButEckersleysaysmanycustomersarealreadywayaheadofpoliticians.HeandNicolahavehelpedpeoplesetupsimilarstoresinWales,Birmingham,andBristol.(最近，政府呼吁超市引入無(wú)塑料通道。但埃克斯利表示，許多消費(fèi)者已經(jīng)走在了政客的前面。他和尼古拉幫助人們?cè)谕柺?、伯明翰和布里斯托爾建立了類似的商?”可知，文章以沒(méi)有塑料袋的商店Earth.Food.Love為例，說(shuō)明了政府和個(gè)人都在關(guān)注塑料污染問(wèn)題，提倡減少使用塑料。由此可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是反塑料運(yùn)動(dòng)的興起以及對(duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的日益關(guān)注。故選B。DThousandsofliveshavebeensavedbygivingblood-thinningdrugstopeoplewithaheartconditionthatleavesthematriskofastroke(中風(fēng)),accordingtotheheadoftheNHS.SinceJanuary2022about460,000peopleinEnglandwhosufferfromatrialfibrillation(AF)-adangerouslyirregularheartrate-havebeguntakingoneoffouranticoagulant(抗凝血?jiǎng)?drugsthatareprovedtoreducestrokerisk.Speedyintroductionofthedrugshaskept4,000peoplealivewhowouldotherwisehavediedandpreventedabout17,000strokes,accordingtoAmandaPritchard.Strokeskillabout27,000peopleayearinEnglandandleadtoabout120,000beingtakentohospital.Adrivetoencouragetake-upofthedrugsmeans90%ofthe1.5millionpeopleinEnglandwithAFareusingthem.Thatshouldresultinfewerstrokes,whicharealeadingcauseofdeathanddisability,giventhatAFcausesaboutoneinfivestrokes.“Therapidintroductionofthesedrugsisabigstepforwardinprovidingthebestpossiblecareforpatientswithheartdisease”,Pritchard,theleaderofNHS(NationalHealthService)England,willsayinaspeechtodayattheKing’sFundhealthexperts’yearlyconference.Thedrugs,calleddirectoralanticoagulants,helpstopbloodfromclotting(凝血),thereforereducingtheriskofaclotdevelopingandcausingastroke.In2021theNationalInstituteforHealthandCareExcellencerecommendedthatdoctorsusefouranticoagulantdrugs.DrMaevaMay,theStrokeAssociation’sdirector,thoughtthewidespreaduseofthedrugsas“fantasticnews”,becauseAFaccountsforoneinfivestrokesandstrokesinpeoplewithAFaremorelikelytoresultindeathorseriousdisability.NHSEnglandhasuseditsspendingpowertocutdealswiththemakersofthefourdrugs,whichhasmadethemmuchmorewidelyavailable.TheBritishHeartFoundationpraisedtheNHS’s“greatprogresstowardsitsgoalofreducingstrokedeaths”.12.Whatisthepurposeoflistingnumbersinparagraph2?A.Toattractthereaders’attentiontostrokes.B.TointroducethespecificinformationaboutAF.C.Toshowtheeffectsoffouranticoagulantdrugs.D.Tosummarizethestepstowardsreducingdeaths.13.Whatisthemainfunctionofanticoagulantdrugs?A.Toidentifysignsofstrokes. B.Toreducebloodpressure.C.Tokeepheartbeating. D.Topreventbloodclotting.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNHSEnglandanddrugmakersfromthetext?A.Theyhavereachedsomeagreements. B.Theyhaveprovidedfreetreatment.C.Theyhaveestablisheddiseasefunds. D.Theyhaveremindedofstrokedeaths.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.RecognisingSignsofAHeartAttack B.ABreakthroughinStrokePreventionC.ExploringKindsofAnticoagulantDrugs D.NHSEngland’sLife-SavingConference【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系（NHS）負(fù)責(zé)人表示，通過(guò)給患有心臟病的人服用血液稀釋藥物，大大降低了房顫患者的中風(fēng)可能導(dǎo)致的死亡或嚴(yán)重殘疾，數(shù)千人的生命得以挽救?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“SinceJanuary2022about460,000peopleinEnglandwhosufferfromatrialfibrillation(AF)-adangerouslyirregularheartrate-havebeguntakingoneoffouranticoagulant(抗凝血?jiǎng)?drugsthatareprovedtoreducestrokerisk.Speedyintroductionofthedrugshaskept4,000peoplealivewhowouldotherwisehavediedandpreventedabout17,000strokes,accordingtoAmandaPritchard.Strokeskillabout27,000peopleayearinEnglandandleadtoabout120,000beingtakentohospital.(自2022年1月以來(lái)，英國(guó)約有46萬(wàn)患有心房顫動(dòng)（AF）的人開(kāi)始服用四種抗凝藥物中的一種，這些藥物已被證明可以降低中風(fēng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。據(jù)AmandaPritchard稱，這些藥物的迅速引入使4000人得以存活，否則他們將死亡，并預(yù)防了約17000例中風(fēng)。在英格蘭，中風(fēng)每年造成約2.7萬(wàn)人死亡，約12萬(wàn)人被送往醫(yī)院。)”可知，這一段利用數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明四種抗凝血藥物對(duì)心房顫動(dòng)病人的效果。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thedrugs,calleddirectoralanticoagulants,helpstopbloodfromclotting(凝血),thereforereducingtheriskofaclotdevelopingandcausingastroke.(這些藥物被稱為直接口服抗凝血?jiǎng)?，有助于阻止血液凝固，從而降低血栓形成和?dǎo)致中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，抗凝血藥物的主要作用是防止血液凝結(jié)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“NHSEnglandhasuseditsspendingpowertocutdealswiththemakersofthefourdrugs(英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系（NHSEngland）利用其支出能力與這四種藥物的制造商達(dá)成了協(xié)議)”可知，英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系和制藥商他們已經(jīng)達(dá)成了一些協(xié)議。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thousandsofliveshavebeensavedbygivingblood-thinningdrugstopeoplewithaheartconditionthatleavesthematriskofastroke(中風(fēng)),accordingtotheheadoftheNHS.(英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系（NHS）負(fù)責(zé)人表示，通過(guò)給患有心臟病的人服用血液稀釋藥物，數(shù)千人的生命得以挽救，這些心臟病使他們有中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”和最后一段“NHSEnglandhasuseditsspendingpowertocutdealswiththemakersofthefourdrugs,whichhasmadethemmuchmorewidelyavailable.TheBritishHeartFoundationpraisedtheNHS’s“greatprogresstowardsitsgoalofreducingstrokedeaths”.(英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系（NHSEngland）利用其支出能力與這四種藥物的制造商達(dá)成了協(xié)議，這使它們的供應(yīng)范圍更加廣泛。英國(guó)心臟基金會(huì)稱贊英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系“在實(shí)現(xiàn)減少中風(fēng)死亡的目標(biāo)方面取得了巨大進(jìn)展”。)”可知，文章主要介紹英國(guó)國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系（NHS）負(fù)責(zé)人表示，通過(guò)給患有心臟病的人服用血液稀釋藥物，大大降低了房顫患者的中風(fēng)可能導(dǎo)致的死亡或嚴(yán)重殘疾，數(shù)千人的生命得以挽救。所以B選項(xiàng)“預(yù)防中風(fēng)的突破”和文章意思一致。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題:每小題2.5分。滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AyoungmancalledJerryKingattendedashowinhishometownofTampa,Floridain1918andwasdeeplyimpressedbytheunicyclists(獨(dú)輪車手).____16____.Itwouldtakeanother40yearsforthedreamtocometruewhenheformedTheCharlesRiders,knowntodayasTheKingCharlesTroupe(劇團(tuán)),agroupofyoungAfricanAmericankidswhoperformedunbelievablebasketballskillswhileridingunicycles.Mr.Kingfirsttaughthis6-year-oldsonCharleshowtorideunicycleinthehallwayoftheirhouse.WhentheweatherturnednicetheymovedoutsidetothelocalparkwhereCharlesshowedhisskillstotheotherkidsintheneighborhood.____17____.In1958,withthepurposeofgettingmorepeopleinthecommunityinvolved,JerryKingstartedaunicycleclub.Theclub,basedoutoftheSouthBronx,wasmadeupof100kids,andMrJerryuseditasanopportunitytobuildtheircharacter.____18____.Thefirsttryofthetroupetookplacein1961onasidewalkoutsideMadisonSquareGarden.____19____.AproducernamedIrvingFeld,fromBarnumandBaileyCircus,sensedimmediatelythattherawenergyoftheseyoungathletescouldbeshapedintoahigh-qualityproduction.TheKingCharlesTroupemadeitsfirstpublicperformanceoneyearlater,andthereafterbegantheirroadintothespotlight.Now,onits5thgeneration,thetroupehasperformedtoover100millionfans.“____20____.We’vehaddifficulttimes,butthey’veonlydeepenedourfaithinthoseideals.”saidHarrison,onememberofthetroupe.A.Whatheexperiencedthatdaysparked(觸發(fā))adream.B.Theirexcellentskillsarenotachievedovernight.C.Fromthisclub,TheKingCharlesTroupewasborn.D.Combiningunicycleswithbasketballwasacommonattemptatthattime.E.Mr.Kingsharedhistalentswithotherkidswhowantedtolearnhowtoride.F.ThistroupeisallaboutlivingtheidealsofthecharacterthatMr.Jerrytaughtus.G.There,theteamshowedtheirunicyclingandbasketballpassingskillssuccessfully.【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了JerryKing花40年時(shí)間創(chuàng)辦的查爾斯國(guó)王劇團(tuán)(theKingCharlesTroupe)?！?6題詳解】上文“AyoungmancalledJerryKingattendedashowinhishometownofTampa,Floridain1918andwasdeeplyimpressedbytheunicyclists(1918年，一個(gè)名叫杰里·金的年輕人在他的家鄉(xiāng)佛羅里達(dá)州坦帕參加了一場(chǎng)表演，他對(duì)獨(dú)輪車手留下了深刻的印象)”為下文設(shè)置了背景，空處承上啟下，下文“Itwouldtakeanother40yearsforthedreamtocometruewhenheformedTheCharlesRiders,knowntodayasTheKingCharlesTroupe,agroupofyoungAfricanAmericankidswhoperformedunbelievablebasketballskillswhileridingunicycles.(當(dāng)他組建了查爾斯騎士團(tuán)(theCharlesRiders)，即今天的查爾斯國(guó)王劇團(tuán)(theKingCharlesTroupe)時(shí)，這個(gè)夢(mèng)想還需要40年才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。查爾斯騎士團(tuán)是一群年輕的非裔美國(guó)孩子，他們?cè)隍T獨(dú)輪車時(shí)表演了令人難以置信的籃球技巧)”表明他花40年的時(shí)間去實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，A項(xiàng)“他那天的經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了一個(gè)夢(mèng)想”中Whatheexperiencedthatday指代上文內(nèi)容，adream對(duì)應(yīng)下文的thedream，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“WhentheweatherturnednicetheymovedoutsidetothelocalparkwhereCharlesshowedhisskillstotheotherkidsintheneighborhood.(天氣轉(zhuǎn)好后，他們就去當(dāng)?shù)氐墓珗@，查爾斯在那里向附近的其他孩子展示了他的技能)”，空處承接上文，E項(xiàng)“金先生與其他想學(xué)習(xí)如何騎行的孩子們分享了他的才華”與上文聯(lián)系緊密，otherkidswhowantedtolearnhowtoride與上文theotherkidsintheneighborhood相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“In1958,withthepurposeofgettingmorepeopleinthecommunityinvolved,JerryKingstartedaunicycleclub.Theclub,basedoutoftheSouthBronx,wasmadeupof100kids,andMrJerryuseditasanopportunitytobuildtheircharacter.(1958年，為了讓社區(qū)里更多的人參與進(jìn)來(lái)，杰里·金創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)獨(dú)輪車俱樂(lè)部。這家位于南布朗克斯的俱樂(lè)部由100名兒童組成，杰瑞先生利用這一機(jī)會(huì)塑造了他們的性格)”表明杰里·金首先創(chuàng)辦了一個(gè)獨(dú)輪車俱樂(lè)部，空處承接上文，C項(xiàng)“theKingCharlesTroupe就是從這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部誕生的”與上文聯(lián)系緊密，thisclub與上文的Theclub相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Thefirsttryofthetroupetookplacein1961onasidewalkoutsideMadisonSquareGarden.(劇團(tuán)的第一次嘗試發(fā)生在1961年麥迪遜廣場(chǎng)花園外的人行道上)”，空處承接上文，G項(xiàng)“在那里，球隊(duì)成功地展示了他們的獨(dú)輪車和籃球傳球技巧”與上文聯(lián)系緊密，There與上文的onasidewalkoutsideMadisonSquareGarden相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“We’vehaddifficulttimes,butthey’veonlydeepenedourfaithinthoseideals.(我們經(jīng)歷過(guò)艱難的時(shí)期，但它們只會(huì)加深我們對(duì)這些理想的信念)”，空處應(yīng)指出thoseideals的指代內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這個(gè)劇團(tuán)致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)杰瑞先生教給我們的角色的理想”中theideals與上文thoseideals相呼應(yīng)，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TorbjornPedersenisaDanishtravelerwhorecentlyfinishedatriparoundtheworld.Butthiswasn’tjustanytrip.Mr.Pedersenspentnearly10years____21____everycountryintheworld.Ashebegantoplanhistrip,hemadeafew____22____:noflying,novisitinghome,andspendatleast24hoursinevery____23____.Hehopedthathecould____24____about$20aday,andfinishhistripinaboutfouryears.Ittookhimfarlonger.Thefirstpartofhistripwasprettyeasy.He____25____acrossEuropeandNorthAmerica,wherehisbiggest____26____wasnotspendingtoomuchmoney.Butashe____27____ontootherpartsoftheworld,thingsbegantogetmuch____28____.Mr.Pedersensayshehadmanydifficultexperiences.Hewasonce____29____atgunpointandthoughthemightbekilled.Healsobecame____30____illwithmalaria（瘧疾）.Buthealsohadmanygood____31____.Mr.Pedersensaysthatonereasonhedidn’t____32____wasthehelphegotfrompeopleallovertheworld.“Youmighthavetotry1,000closeddoors,”hesays,“Butthereisalwaysa（an）____33____doorsomewhere.Never,evergiveup.”O(jiān)nJuly26,2023Mr.PedersenarrivedbackinDenmarkaftera33-dayboatride.Hewas____34____byabout150people,includingfriendsandfamilymembers.Mr.Pedersensaysheplanstowriteabookand____35____whathelearnedinhistravelsaroundtheworld.21.A.checking B.visiting C.recognizing D.contacting22.A.attempts B.guesses C.wishes D.rules23.A.town B.city C.country D.continent24.A.checkout B.makeup C.applyfor D.liveon25.A.traveled B.cut C.drove D.hiked26.A.challenge B.awkwardness C.responsibility D.honour27.A.got B.moved C.turned D.focused28.A.sillier B.stranger C.crazier D.harder29.A.reminded B.concerned C.held D.attended30.A.actually B.unavoidably C.seriously D.obviously31.A.experiences B.emotions C.traditions D.proposals32.A.makeout B.dieout C.referto D.giveup33.A.back B.open C.big D.secret34.A.met B.blocked C.waved D.observed35.A.quote B.donate C.preserve D.share【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了TorbjornPedersen的環(huán)球旅行。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：佩德森先生花了將近10年的時(shí)間訪問(wèn)了世界上的每一個(gè)國(guó)家。A.checking檢查；B.visiting參觀；訪問(wèn)；C.recognizing識(shí)別；D.contacting聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文“TorbjornPedersenisaDanishtravelerwhorecentlyfinishedatriparoundtheworld”可知，佩德森先生是一位旅行家，他花了將近10年的時(shí)間應(yīng)是訪問(wèn)了世界上的每一個(gè)國(guó)家。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他開(kāi)始計(jì)劃旅行時(shí)，他制定了一些規(guī)則：不坐飛機(jī)，不回家，在每個(gè)國(guó)家至少呆24小時(shí)。A.attempts嘗試；B.guesses猜測(cè)；C.wishes愿望；D.rules規(guī)則。根據(jù)下文“noflying,novisitinghome,andspendatleast24hoursinevery

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.”可知，他制定了一些規(guī)則。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他開(kāi)始計(jì)劃旅行時(shí)，他制定了一些規(guī)則：不坐飛機(jī)，不回家，在每個(gè)國(guó)家至少呆24小時(shí)。A.town城鎮(zhèn)；B.city城市；C.country國(guó)家；D.continent洲。根據(jù)上文“Mr.Pedersenspentnearly10years

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everycountryintheworld.”可知，他走遍世界上的每一個(gè)國(guó)家，故他的規(guī)則是在每個(gè)國(guó)家至少呆24小時(shí)。在故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他希望自己能靠每天20美元左右的生活費(fèi)生活，并在大約四年內(nèi)完成他的旅行。A.checkout檢查；B.makeup組成；C.applyfor申請(qǐng)；D.liveon以……生活。根據(jù)空后“about$20aday”可知，他每天可以靠每天20美元左右來(lái)生活。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他游歷了歐洲和北美，在那里他最大的挑戰(zhàn)是不要花太多錢。A.traveled旅行；B.cut切；C.drove駕駛；D.hiked遠(yuǎn)足。根據(jù)上文“TorbjornPedersenisaDanishtraveler”可知，他游歷了歐洲和北美。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他游歷了歐洲和北美，在那里他最大的挑戰(zhàn)是不要花太多錢。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.awkwardness尷尬；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.honour榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)空后“wasnotspendingtoomuchmoney”可知，他最大的挑戰(zhàn)是不要花太多錢。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)他到達(dá)世界其他地方時(shí)，事情開(kāi)始變得更加困難。A.got得到；B.moved移動(dòng)；C.turned翻轉(zhuǎn)；D.focused集中。根據(jù)下文“ tootherpartsoftheworld”可知，他“移動(dòng)到”世界的其他地方。故選B。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)他到達(dá)世界其他地方時(shí)，事情開(kāi)始變得更加困難。A.sillier更傻的；B.stranger更強(qiáng)大的；C.crazier更瘋狂的；D.harder更艱難的。根據(jù)下文“Mr.Pedersensayshehadmanydifficultexperiences.”可知，他遇到很多困難，故事情開(kāi)始變得更加困難。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，他被槍口頂著，以為自己可能會(huì)被殺。A.reminded提醒；B.concerned擔(dān)心；C.held頂?。籇.attended參加。根據(jù)空后“ atgunpointandthoughthemightbekilled”可知，他被槍口頂著。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他還患上了嚴(yán)重的瘧疾。A.actually事實(shí)上；B